Shapes of States

AP Human Geography Westlake High School

Introduction
The shape of a state controls the length of its boundaries with other states. Therefore, the shape affects the potential for communication and conflict with neighbors. Shape is part of a states unique identity. It can affect internal administration and social unity.

Compact States
Definition: the distance from the center to any boundary does not vary significantly. Efficient, good communication, etc. Examples:

Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda, Hungary

Compact States

More Compact States

Prorupted States
Definition: an otherwise compact state with a large projecting extension. Accesswater Disruptioncan separate two states that would otherwise share a boundary Examples:

Democratic Republic of the Congo, Namibia, Thailand

Prorupted States

Elongated States
Definition: states with a long and narrow shape Poor internal communication Potential isolation Examples:

Gambia, Chile, Italy

Elongated States

More Elongated States

Fragmented States
Definition: includes several discontinuous pieces of territory Islands 2 kindsseparated by water & separated by another state Examples:

Angola, Indonesia

Fragmented States

Perforated States
Definition: a state that completely surrounds another one is perforated Example:

South Africa

Landlocked States
Definition: lacks a direct outlet to the sea because it is completely surrounded by several other countries Harms international trade possibilities Africa

Africa