Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C

MT S BI TON CC TR
TRONG MCH IN KHNG PHN NHNH R,L,C
Tc gi: o Th Loan
Gio vin trng : THPT Yn Lc
i tng bi dng : Hc sinh lp 12
S tit d kin: 12 tit
o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
1
Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
LI NI U
Theo chng trnh ci cch gio dc th t nm hc 2007 2008 th b mn vt l
chuyn hnh thc t thi t lun sang thi trc nghim. Lng kin thc trong mi bi thi
rt ln gn nh bao qut ton b chng trnh m thi gian thi cng t hn khi cc em
thi t lun v vy i hi cc em phi c cch t duy lm bi nhanh nhng i hi phi
chnh xc. Phn in xoay chiu l phn rt quan trng trong b cc thi v vy ti
vit chuyn Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
a ra cho cc em mt s dng bi c bit gip cc em nhn din v c cch gii
nhanh nht.
Chuyn gm bn phn:
Phn 1: Tm tt l thuyt.
Phn 2: Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch khng phn nhnh R, L, C
Phn 3: Mt s bi tp v d.
Phn 4: Mt s bi tp t gii.
Ti hy vng chuyn ny s gip cc em hc tt hn v yu thch hn khi hc phn
in xoay chiu trong mn vt l.
Cui cng ti xin chn thnh cm n Ban gim hiu trng, ton th cc thy c trong
hi ng nh trng, c bit l cc thy c trong t Vt l Cng ngh ca trng
THPT Yn lc; cc em hc sinh v gia nh gip ti khi ti vit chuyn ny.
o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
2
Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
PHN 1: TM TT L THUYT MCH R L C KHNG PHN NHNH
1. Mch R L C khng phn nhnh:
Mc vo hai u on mch mt in p xoay chiu u = U
0
cos(

t +
u

) gm mt
in tr thun R, cun dy c t cm L, in tr trong r v mt t in c in dung C ta
c :
*) Biu thc cng dng in : i = I
0
cos(

t +
i

) (A). Vi I
0
l cng
dng in cc i, v

l tn s gc,
i

l pha ban u ca dng in

- Biu thc hiu in th : u = U
0
cos(

t +
u

) (V). Vi U
0
l hiu in th cc
i,
u

l pha ban u
- Cc gi tr hiu dng : U=
0
2
U
v I=
0
2
I
*) Xt on ,mch R, L , C ni tip:
- Tn s gc:
2
2 f
T

;
- Cm khng:
.
L
Z L
; Dung khng
1
C
Z
C

- Tng tr ca mch :
2 2
( ) ( )
L C
Z R r Z Z + + ;
- Hiu in th hiu dng:
2 2
R
( ) ( )
r L C
U U U U U + +
- Hiu in th gia hai u ca cc phn t:
+ U
R

= IR =
2 2
( ) ( )
L C
U UR
R
Z
R r Z Z

+ +
+ U
d
= IZ
d
2 2
2 2
( ) ( )
L
L C
U r Z
R r Z Z
+

+ +
+ U
C
= IZ
C

2 2
( ) ( )
C
L C
UZ
R r Z Z

+ +
- nh lut m:
C R L r
L C
R Z r Z
U U U U U
I
Z

o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
3
i
U
R r +
ur
U
L
ur
U
C
ur
U U
L C
+
ur ur
O
U
ur

Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C

- lch pha gia u i: tan
L C
Z Z
R r

+
(trong
u i

)
*) Cng sut tiu th ca mch:
+ Nu cun dy thun cm: P = I
2
R = UI
os c
+ Nu cun dy c in tr trong r : P = I
2
(R

+ r); P
R

= I
2
R; P
d

= I
2
r
VD: Nu trong mch khng c phn t no ta b phn t trong cng thc tng qut
* Mch c in tr thun mc ni tip vi t in R C:
+ Tng tr
2 2
C
Z R Z +
+ nh lut m:
C R
C
R Z
U U U
I
Z

+ lch pha gia u v i tan 0
C
Z
R

p u lun tr pha so vi i (trong
u i

)
+ Cng sut tiu th ca mch: P = I
2
R =UI
os c
* Mch c in tr thun mc ni tip vi cun dy thun cm: R L
+ Tng tr
2 2
L
Z R Z + + nh lut m:
R
R Z
L
L
U U U
I
Z

+ lch pha gia u v i tan 0
L
Z
R
> u lun sm pha so vi i (trong
u i

)
+ Cng sut tiu th ca mch: P = I
2
R =UI
os c
o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
4
Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
PHN 2: MT S BI TON V CC TR TRONG MCH NI TIP R,L,C
Bi ton 1: Mch c R thay i
Cho mch in xoay chiu RLC khng phn nhnh trong R c th thay i c (R cn
c gi l bin tr). Cc gi tr khc L; C;

; U l cc hng s. Tm gi tr ca R :
1. in p hiu dng hai u R t cc i
2. Cng sut ta nhit trn in tr R t cc i (cun dy thun cm)
3.Cng sut ta nhit trn in tr R t cc i (cun dy c in tr trong r); P
mach
cc i.
* Hng dn gii:
Nguyn tc chung: tm cc tr ca mt biu thc no th chng ta xut pht t cng
thc tng qut ca chng, thc hin cc php bin i theo quy tc nu t s v mu s u l
i lng bin thin th ch mt biu thc thay i theo i lng thay i.
B :
Bt ng thc Cosi : Cho hai s khng m a, b khi 2 a b ab +
Nn
min
( ) 2 a b ab + , Du bng xy ra khi a = b
Hm s bc hai
2
ax y bx c + + , vi a > 0 t gi tr nh nht ti im
2
min
4 '
;
2 4 4
b ac b
x y
a a a a


1. in p hiu dng hai u R t cc i
2 2
2
U
U =IR= W
Z
( )
1 ( )
R RMax RMax
L C
L C
U U
R U R U
Z Z
R Z Z
R

+
+
ca mch.
2. Cng sut ta nhit trn R:
2 2 2 2
2
2 2 2 2
L C L C
U U U U
P = I R = R = R = =
(Z -Z ) Z R +(Z -Z ) y
R+
R
vi y =
2
L C
(Z -Z )
R+
R
Ta c:
L C L C
2 Z -Z Z -Z
Min
Z R
(1.1)
o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
5

Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
Khi cng sut cc i ca mch
2 2
Max
L C
U U
P = =
2 Z -Z 2R
(1.2)
Kho st bi ton cng sut trn R ca mch gm R, L, C khng phn nhnh
+ Lp bng bin thin:
+ th ca P theo R
*) Vi hai gi tr ca in tr R = R
1
v R = R
2
mch cho cng mt cng sut th:
( )
2 2
2
2 2 2
L C
U U
P= I R = R = R
Z R +(Z -Z )
2 2 2
2 2 2
R +P( - )
R P( - ) 0(*)
L C
L C
P Z Z U R
P U R Z Z

+
iu kin (*) c 2 nghim phn bit l:
2
2
L C
U
Z Z
P
< (1.3)
(*) L phng trnh bc hai, phng trnh c hai nghim phn bit. Theo nh l Viet ta c
2
1 2
2 2
1 2
( - )
L C
U
R R
P
R R Z Z R
+

(1.4)
Vi R l gi tr m cng sut ca mch t cc i
*) Ta c (1) - >
1 2
1 2
1 2
( - ) ( - )
1
tan tan 1
2
L C L C
Z Z Z Z
R R

+ t
(1.5)
o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
6
R
P
'
P
0
Z Z
L C

0 +

P
max
x
0
0

Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
+ Khi
1 2
2
L C
Z Z

> +
+ Khi
1 2
2
L C
Z Z

< +
*) Khi cng sut trong mch t cc i th h s cng sut
1
os
4 2 2
R R
c
Z R

t
(1.6)
+ Khi
4
L C
Z Z

> Mch c tnh cm khng

+ Khi
4
L C
Z Z

< Mch c tnh dung khng

*) Nu trong mch khuyt phn t no ta b phn t trong cng thc (1.4)
+ Mch ch c R C mc ni tip. C hai gi tr ca R khi thay i cho cng mt cng sut th

(1.7)
+ Mch ch c R L mc ni tip. C hai gi tr ca R khi thay i cho cng mt cng sut
th :

(1.8)
*) T cng thc (1.2); (1.3); (1.4)
1 2
ax 1 2
2
M
R R
P
P R R

+
(1.9)
*) Khi cng sut trn R cc i th hiu in th trn hai u cun dy v hai u ca t
khi :
+)
2 2
2
( )
L C L C L C
L C
U U
U U I Z Z Z Z
R Z Z
t
+

Hay 2
L C
U U U (1.10)
o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
7

2
1 2
2 2
1 2 C
U
R R
P
R R Z R
+

2
1 2
2 2
1 2 L
U
R R
P
R R Z R
+

Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
6.Cng sut ta nhit trn in tr R t cc i (cun dy c in tr trong r)
Trong mch in RLC m cun dy c thm in tr hot ng r th ta c th tm cng
sut mch cc i v cng sut ta nhit trn R cc i
Trng hp 1: Cng sut ta nhit P trn ton mch cc i:
2 2 2 2
2
2 2 2 2
L C L C
U U U U
P = I (R+r) = (R+r) = (R+r) = =
(Z -Z ) Z (R+r) +(Z -Z ) y
(R+r)+
(R+r)
Vi
2
L C
(Z -Z )
y = (R+r) +
(R+r)
Ta c theo bt ng thc Cosi th y
min
= 2
L C
Z Z
V P
max
=
2
L C
U
2 Z -Z
(1.11)
Du bng xy ra khi
L C
R = R + r R = Z -Z - r
M L C
Z Z
(1.12)
+ Hiu in th 2 u ca in tr thun khi
(1.13)
*) Nu
L C
r Z Z >

M L C
R r Z Z > ta c bng bin thin
Nu
L c
Z Z r < th ta ly R = 0 v cng sut khi
P = I
2
r =
2
2 2
( )
L C
U
r
r Z Z +
(1.14)
o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
8
IR
( ) 2
2
R
R
U UR
U R
Z
R r
U R r
U R

+
+

=R
Mmin
IR
( ) 2
2
R
R
U UR
U R
Z
R r
U R r
U R

+
+

Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
*) Khi cng sut mch ngoi cc i th

2
tan 1 os
4 2
L C
Z Z
c
R r

t t
+
Trng hp 2: Cng sut ta nhit trn in tr R, (P
R
) cc i:
2 2 2 2
2
2 2 2 2 2 2
L C L C
U U U U
P = I R = R = R = =
(Z -Z ) R +2Rr + r Z (R+r) +(Z -Z ) y
+
R
R
R
vi
2 2 2
( ) 2
L C
Z Z R Rr r
y
R R
+ +
+
Ta
2 2
min
2 2 ( )
L C
y r r Z Z + +

Du bng xy ra khi
2 2
( )
L C
R r Z Z + (1.15)

V
2 2
ax
2 2
min 2 2 ( )
m
L C
U U
P
y
r r Z Z

+ +

*) Khi cng sut trn R t cc i th lch pha gia u v i khi l:
( )( )
tan
L C
R r R r Z Z R r
R r R r R r

+
t
+ + +
(1.16)

*)
2 2 2
( )
R r L C
U U U U + ;
2 2 2 2 2
( ) 2 ( )
R r R r R R r
U U U U U U U U U + + +
*) Hiu in th gia hai u ca cun dy v t in khi :
2 2
2 2 2 2
2
2
( )
.
2( )
( ) ( ) 2
2( )
L C
rLC rLC
L C
rLC
U r Z Z
U R R
U IZ U
R r
R r Z Z R Rr R
U R
U R r
+

+
+ + + +

+
Bi ton 2:
Cho mch gm bin tr R mc ni tip vi cun dy thun cm c t cm L v mt
t in c in dung C. t vo hai u on mch mt in p xoay chiu
0
os( ) u U c t .
o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
9


(1.18)
Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
1. Thay i R ta thy hiu in th trn hai u ca in tr thun R v t in (R mc lin tip
vi C) c gi tr khng i. Tnh U
RC
v tn s cng hng trong mch.
2. Thay i R ta thy in p gia hai u ca U
RL
vung gc vi hai u ca on mch. Tnh
R .
Hng dn
1) Ta c:
+)
2 2
2 2 2
2 2
( ) 2
1
C
RC RC
L C L L C
C
U R Z
U
U IZ
R Z Z Z Z Z
R Z
+

+
+
+
Ta thy U
RC
khng ph thuc vo R th
2
2
L L C
Z Z Z =0
2 2
1 2
2 2 2
2
L C ch ch
Z Z L
C LC

(2.1)
Khi U
RC
= U (2.2)
2) Theo gi thit
2
tan tan 1
1
( )
RL RL
L L C
L C L
U U
Z Z Z
R R
R Z Z Z

uuur ur
(2.3)
Ta c: + Mch R L C c tnh dung khng (
C L
Z Z > )
+
2 2 2 2
C R L
U U U U
+
2 2
L C R L
U U U U + (2.4)
Bi ton 3: Mch R L C khng phn nhnh gm in tr thun R, t in C v cun dy
thun cm c t cm L c th thay i c. Mc vo hai u mch mt in p xoay chiu
0
os( ) u U c t
1. Xc nh L
+ I = I
max
+ P = P
max
+ U
R
=U
Rmax
; U
C
=U
Cmax
; U
RC
= U
Rcmax
+
H s cng sut cos

=1 ; u,i cng pha.

2. Xc nh L U
Lmax
3. Xc nh L U
RL
cc i (R mc lin tip vi L)
4. Khi thay i L ta thy vi L = L
1
v L = L
2
th U
L
c gi tr khng i. thit lp cng thc
gia L
1
; L
2
vi L sao cho U
L
cc i.
5. Khi thay i L ta thy vi L = L
1
v L = L
2
th ta thy P
1
= P
2
. Xc nh L mch cng
hng.
o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
10
Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
1. Ta thy khi xc nh cc tr ca cc i lng I; P; U
R
; U
RC
; U
C
; cos

th ta nhn thy t
cm L ch xut hin mu s ( c ng thi c Z
L
v Z
C
) th khi cc i lng t cc
i th
2
1
L C
Z Z L
C
(3.1)
2. Xc nh L U
Lmax
Ta c:
2 2 2 2
2
( )
2 1
L
L L
L C C C
L L
UZ U U
U IZ
Y R Z Z R Z Z
Z Z

+ +
+
Khi U
L
t cc i th Y = Y
min
. Nu t
1
L
X
Z

th Y =
2 2 2
( ) 2 1
C C
R Z X Z X + +
Tm Y min
Y l tam thc bc 2 c h s a =
2 2
C
R Z + >0 nn t cc tr ti
2 2
2
2 2 2
2
2 2
2 2
max
1
2
4
C C
L
C C
C
min
L
C
R Z b Z
Z L CR X
Z C a R Z
R
U R Z
Y
U
a R Z
R

+
+

+

' '

+




+

(3.2)
Nhn xt :
*) Khi U
L
= U
Lmax
th : t (3.2) ta c Z
L
Z
C
= R
2
+Z
C
2

2
/ /
/ /
( )
1
tan tan 1
2
RC
RC
C L C
C L C
u i u i
u i u i
Z Z Z R
Z Z Z
R R

t

o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
11
Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
Mt khc ta lun c trong mch R- L C khng phn nhnh th u
RC
lun tr pha so vi i mt
gc
2
RC

p nn
/ /
2
RC
u i u i

(3.3)
Vy khi L thay i U
L
t cc i th
RC
U U
uuur ur
*) Khi U
L
= U
Lmax
th : t (3.2) ta c Z
L
Z
C
= R
2
+Z
C
2

2 2
L C R C
U U U U + (3.4)
3. Xc nh L U
RL
t cc i
Ta c :
2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
1 ( ) 2 2
1
L
RL RL
L C L C L C C L C
L L
U R Z
U U U
U IZ
Y R Z Z R Z Z Z Z Z Z Z
R Z R Z
+

+ + + +
+
+ +
Ta thy U
RL
cc i khi Y = Y
min

Mt khc ta kho st hm s Y theo Z
L
ta c : Y =
2
2 2
2
C L C
L
Z Z Z
R Z

+
Y =
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 ( ) 2 ( 2 )
( )
C L L C L C
L
Z R Z Z Z Z Z
R Z
+
+
Y = 0
o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
12
*) Theo cng thc (3.3) ta c
RC
U U
uuur ur
nn da
vo gin vect ta c :
2 2 2
2 2 2 2
L RC
L R C
U U U
U U U U
+

(3.5)
Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2
2 2
2 ( ) 2 ( 2 ) 0
2 0
0
4
2
C L L C L C
L L C L
L L C
C C
L
Z R Z Z Z Z Z
R Z Z Z Z
Z Z Z R
Z Z R
Z
+
+ +

+ +

*) T cng thc (3.8) ta thy Z
L
> Z
C
khi mch c tnh cm khng
*) Khi U
RL
t gi tr cc i th ta c
2 2
0
L L C R
U U U U (3.9)
`
*) Khi U
RL
t cc i ax
2 2
2 R
4
RLM
C C
U
U
R Z Z

+

2 2 2
0 ( )
1 tan tan 1
RL
L L C L L C
L L C
u
Z Z Z R Z Z Z R
Z Z Z
R R

2
RL
u

+ t
V Z
L
>Z
C
v
RL
u

>0 nn ta c :

2
RL
u

+ (3.10)
4. Ta c theo gi thit
2
2
2 2
2 2
( )
( )
( )
L L L
L L
L C
L C
UZ U Z
U IZ a
U R Z Z
R Z Z

+
+
2 2 2 2
2 2 2
2
( 1) 2 ( )
L L L C C
L L C C
Z aR aZ aZ Z aZ
a Z aZ Z a R Z
+ +
+ +
vi a>1
y l tam thc bt hai. iu kin tam thc c nghim l
2 2 2 2
2
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
' 0 4 ( 1)( ) 0
4 ( 1) 4( 1)
4( )
C C
C
C
C L
C L
a Z a a R Z
Z a a a
R Z a a
Z U U
R Z U
> + >

>
+

>
+
Vi iu kin trn. Theo Vit hai nghim ca phng trnh tha mn :
o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
13
(3.8)
Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
2 2 1 2
1 2
2 2
1 2
1 2
2
1
2 2
( )
1
C
L L
L L C
L
L L C C
L L
aZ
Z Z
Z Z R Z
a
Z
Z Z Z a R Z
Z Z
a

+

'
+ +

1 2
1 2
2( )
L L
L
L L

+
(3.11)
Vi L sao cho U
L
= U
Lmax
5. Khi L = L
1
v L = L
2
ta thy cng sut P
1
= P
2
ta c:
1 2
1 2
2 2 2 2
1 2 1 2 1 2
2 2
( ) ( )
( )
L C L C
L C L C
I R I R I I Z Z
Z Z Z Z
Z Z Z Z



*) T cng thc (3.12) ta c :
1 2 1 2
2
1
2 2
L L
C
Z Z
L L
Z L
C
+
+

Mt khc khi mch cng hng th
2
1
LC

1 2
2
L L +
=L (3.13)
*) Vi L = L
1
v L = L
2
th lch pha gia u v i
1
1
tan
L C
Z Z
R

2
2
tan
L C
Z Z
R

T cng thc (3.12) th
1
tan -
2 1 2
tan (3.14)
o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
14
(3.12)
Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
H s cng sut trong hai trng hp bng nhau
1 2
os os c c
PHN 3: MT S BI TP V D:
V d 1: (H 2009) t in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng khng i vo hai u on
mch gm bin tr R mc ni tip vi t in. Dung khng ca t in l 100. Khi iu chnh
R th ti hai gi tr R
1
v R
2
cng sut tiu th ca on mch nh nhau. Bit in p hiu dng
gia hai u t in khi R = R
1
bng hai ln in p hiu dng gia hai u t in khi R = R
2
.
Cc gi tr R
1
v R
2
l:
* Hng dn gii:
Theo gi thit ta c P
1
= P
2
theo cng thc (1) phn 5 ta c R
1
R
2
= Z
C
2
= 100
2
Mt khc, gi U
1C
l in p t in khi R = R
1
v U
2C
l in p t in khi R = R
2

Khi theo bi ta c
1
1 2 1 2
2
2 2 2
C C C C
I
U U I Z I Z
I

Mt khc
2
2 2
2 1
1 2 1 1 2 2
1 2
4
R I
P P I R I R
R I
_


,

Gii ta c : R
1
= 50, R
2
= 200. p n C
V d 2: Mt mch in gm mt t in C, mt cun cm L thun cm khng v mt bin tr
R c mc ni tip. t vo hai u mch in mt hiu in th xoay chiu
120 2 os(120 )( ) u c t V . Bit rng ng vi hai gi tr ca bin tr: R
1
= 18 v R
2
= 32 th
cng sut tiu th P trn on mch l nh nhau. Tnh cng sut cc i ca mch v cng sut
P.
* Hng dn gii:
+ Ta c vi R = R
1
v R = R
2
mch cho cng mt cng sut th
o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
15
Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
2 2
1 2
120
288W
18 32
U
P
R R

+ +
Mt khc gi R l in tr khi cng sut ca mch cc i th:
R
2
= R
1
R
2
nn R = 24
P
Max
=
2
2
U
R
= 300 W
V d 3 (H 2011): Mt on mch AB gm hai on mch AM v MB mc ni tip. on
mch AM gm in tr thun R
1
mc ni tip vi t in c in dung C, on mch MB gm
in tr thun R
2
mc ni tip vi cun cm thun c t cm L. t in p xoay chiu c
tn s v gi tr hiu dng khng i vo hai u on mch AB. Khi , on mch AB tiu
th cng sut bng 120 W v c h s cng sut bng 1. Nu ni tt hai u t in th in p
hai u on mch AM v MB c cng gi tr hiu dng nhng lch pha nhau
3

, cng sut
tiu th trn on mch AB trong trng hp ny bng
* Hng dn gii:
+ Khi t in cha b ni tt mch gm hai on AM c R
1
ni

tip vi t in C, on mch
MB c R
2
mc ni tip vi cun cm thun L v h s cng sut bng 1 nn trong mch c hin
tng cng hng -> Z
L
= Z
C

Theo u bi cng sut ca mch khi l P
1
= 120W
V mch c cng hng in nn ta c : P
1
=
2 1
2
R R
U
+

+ Khi t in b ni tt on mch AM cn R
1
khi u
AM
cng pha vi i, cn u
MB
sm pha hn
i l
MB
- Theo u bi u
AM
lch pha /3 so vi u
MB
nn u
MB
sm pha hn i l
MB
= /3 Z
L
=
2
. 3 R
Do U
AM
= U
MB
( v mch ni tip) nn R
1
= Z
MB
R
1
2
= R
2
2
+ Z
l
2
= 4R
2
2
R
1
= 2R
2
2
1
3
2
U P (1)
- Cng

sut ca mch khi ny l : P
2
= I
2
( R
1
+ R
2
)
o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
16
Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
P
2
=
2 2 2
1 2 1
/ 2 2
1 1
3
( ) .
3 2 2
U U U
R R R
Z R R
+
= (2)
T (1) v (2) ta c P
2
= 3/4P
1
= 90W
V d 4: Cho mch in RLC, R c th thay i c, Hiu in th hai u mch l
u = 240 2 cos(100

t) V; C =
1

.
4
10 F

. Khi mch c R = R
1
= 90 u v R = R
2
= 160 th
mch c cng cng sut P.
a).Tnh L, P
b).Gi s cha bit L ch bit P
Max
= 240W v vi 2 gi tr R
3
v R
4
th mch c cng cng sut
l P = 230,4W Tnh R
3
v R
4
* Hng dn gii:
a) Ta c vi R = R
1
= 90 u v R = R
2
= 160 th mch c cng cng sut P.
Th:
2
1 2
U
P
R R

+
= 230,4 W v R
1
R
2
= (Z
L
- Z
C
)
2

Z Z
L C

=120
nn L
1
=
0, 2
H

v L
2

2, 2
H

b) ta c
2 2
ax
120
2 2
M
U U
P R
R P
theo bi ton 5 th
2
3 4
14400 R R R v R
3
+ R
4
=
250 khi 2 gi tr l 90 v 160
V d 5 : Cho mch in nh hnh v : R l bin tr
U
AB
= 100 2 V; U
AN
= 100 2 V; U
NB
= 200V
Cng sut ca mch l P = 100 2 W.
1. Chng minh rng P = 100 2 W chnh l gi tr cng sut cc i ca mch
2. Vi hai gi tr R
1
v R
2
th mch c cng cng sut P. Tnh P v R
2
bit R
1
= 200
* Hng dn gii:
a)Ta c:
2 2 2 2 2 2
( ) ; ; 200
AB R L C AN R L NB C
U U U U U U U U U V + +
100 100
2
C
AN AB L R
U
U U U V U V
Vy
ax R L C L C M
U U U R Z Z P P
b) ta c
4
2
2 1 2
ax M
U
R R R
P

20000 -> R
2
= 100
v
2
1 2
U
P
R R

+
= 66,67 W
o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
17
L
C
R
A B
M N
Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
V d 6 : Cho mch in RLC; u = 300 2 cos100

t (V).R thay i c ; Khi mch c R =

R
1
= 90 th lch pha gia u v i l
1 .
Khi mch c R = R
2
= 160 th lch pha gia u
v i l
2.
bit
1 2
2

+
a) Tnh cng sut ng vi R
1
v R
2

b) Vit biu thc ca cng dng in ng vi R
1
, R
2
* Hng dn gii:
a) v
1 2
2

+ nn P
1
= P
2

2
1 2
U
P
R R

+
= 600W
b)
1 2
120 120
L C L C
Z Z R R Z Z t
1
1
U
I
Z

=2 A;
2
2
U
I
Z

=1,5 A
tan
1
=
1
120 4
90 3
L C
Z Z
R
t
t
1
53
180

t i
1
= 2 2 cos(100

t
53
180

t )
tan
2
=
2
120 3
160 4
L C
Z Z
R
t
t
2
37
180

t i
1
= 2,5 2 cos(100

t
37
180

t )
V d 7 : on mch xoay chiu gm c t in mc ni tip vi bin tr R ri mc vo mch
in xoay chiu u = U
0
cos ( t ) ta thy khi R = R
1
v R= R
2
th lch pha ca u v i l
1 2
; v
1 2
2

+ . Tnh in dung ca t in.

* Hng dn gii:
Ta c theo gi thit v
1 2
2

+
( )
2
1 2 1 2
tan tan 1
L C
R R Z Z
P
1
= P
2

1 2
1 2
1
C
Z R R C
R R

V d 8 : t vo hai u on mch khng phn nhnh gm mt bin tr R, cun dy thun
cm c t cm L v mt t in c in dung
3
10
13
C F

mt in p xoay chiu
0
os(100 ) u U c t (V). Thay i bin tr R khi R = 60 ta thy in p gia hai u ca u
RL
vung gc vi hai u ca on mch. Bit cng dng in trong mch khi I = 1 A.
Hy tnh Hiu in th cc i U
0
ca mch
* Hng dn gii:
Theo gi thit ta c U
R
= 60 V; U
C
= 130 V
Theo gi thit khi in p gia hai u in tr v cun dy vung pha vi in p hai u
on mch th:
2 2
( )
tan tan 1 1 0
L L C
RL L L C
Z Z Z
Z Z Z R
R R


+

2 2 2 2
0
L C R L L L C R
U U U U U U U U + +
+ Thay s ta c
90
60
L
L
U V
U V

+ Khi hiu in th hai u ca mch U =

2 2
( )
R L C
U U U + thay s ta c hai gi tr ca
in p tha mn l U
01
=
20 26V
v U
02
=
10 70V
o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
18
Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
V d 9 : t vo hai u on mch mt in p xoay chiu 100 2 os( ) u c t (V) gm
mt in tr thun R, cun dy thun cm c t cm L thay i c v mt t in c
in dung C. Khi thay i L ta thy U
L
t cc i v hiu in th hai u t in bng hiu
in th hai u in tr thun. Vit biu thc in p gia hai u ca u
RL
* Hng dn gii:
*) Nhn xt: Thng thng khi vit biu thc in p ca hai u on mch no ta phi
tnh c in p cc i gia hai u on mch v lch pha ca n so vi cng
dng in trong mch. i vi bi ny th lm nh vy rt di so vi thi gian ca mt bi
trc nghim.
Tuy nhin ta c th lm vic tng i n gin nu ch n nhng gi kin bi
ton cho.
+ Theo gi thit U
C
= U
R

C
Z R nn t cng thc (3.2)
2 2
2
C
L L
C
R Z
Z Z R
Z
+

lch pha gia u
RL
v i
63
tan 2
180
RL RL
L
u u
Z
R


+ Khi U
L
cc i th U
Lmax
=
2 2
2 100 2
C
C
U R Z
U
Z
+
(V)
Kt hp vi biu thc
2 2 2
( )
R L C
U U U U +
2 200 2
R L
U U V
100 10
RL
U V
+ V U
L
max nn
2
RC RC
U U


uuur ur
Mt khc tan 1
4
C
RC RC
Z
R




4

Vy lch pha gia u
RL
v u mch
63
180 4 10

(rad)
Biu thc in p gia hai u ca in tr v cun dy:
200 5 os(100 )
10
RL
u c t V

+
V d 10 : t vo hai u on mch mt in p xoay chiu 100 2 os(100 ) u c t (V)
gm in tr R, cun dy thun cm c t cm L thay i c v mt t in c in
dung
4
10
C F

. Khi L =
3
H

th in p trn hai u cun dy t cc i. Tnh U

RC
v
U
L
max.
* Hng dn gii:
Ta nhn thy : Khi U
L
t cc i th:
o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
19
Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
V
2 2
C
L
C
R Z
Z
Z
+

th
2
RC C
2
L C
U
= 50 2
U - Z
RC
Z
U V
Z

V R =100
2
Hay khi U
L
t cc i U
L
=
2 2
C
C
U R Z
Z
+
100
3
(V)
V d 11 : t vo hai u on mch mt in p xoay chiu 50 10 os(100 ) u c t (V)
gm mt in tr thun R = 100 , cun dy thun cm c t cm L thay i c v mt
t in c in dung C. Khi thay i L ta thy

l lch pha gia u v i;

RL
l lch pha
gia u
RL
v i th:

+
RL
=
2

v cng dng in trong mch I = 1A. Xc nh L U

L
cc
i v tnh gi tr cc i .
* Hng dn gii:
Theo gi thit ta c: U
R
= 100 (V)
+
Ta c theo gi thit khi L thay i

+
RL
=
2

2 2
tan tan 1 0
RL L L C
Z Z Z R
V khi U
RL
t gi tr cc i.
Nn:
2 2
0
L L C R
U U U U Mt khc ta c
2 2 2
( )
R L C
U U U U +
Gii h trn ta c U
L
= 200 (V) ; U
C
= 150 V
4
2.10
150
3
C
Z C F

Khi U
L
cc i th ta c
2 2
650
3
6,5
3
C
L
C
R Z
Z
Z
L H

Khi U
L
=
2 2
201( )
C
C
U R Z
V
Z
+
(V)
V d 12 : t in p xoay chiu u = U
2
cos100t (U khng i, t tnh bng s) vo hai u
on mch mc ni tip gm in tr thun R, cun cm thun c t cm L thay i c
v t in c in dung C =
3
10
4
F

. iu chnh t cm ca cun dy in p hiu dng

gia hai u dy gi tr cc i. Gi tr cc a bng U 3 . in tr R bng
* Hng dn gii: Z
C
=
1
C
= 40
o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
20
Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
+ Khi U
Lmax
ta c U
Lmax
=
2 2
2 2
3 3 20 2
2
L C
C
U R Z
Z
U R Z R R
R
+
+
V d 13 : H nm 2011: t in p xoay chiu
2 os100 u U c t
vo hai u on mch
mc ni tip gm in tr thun R, t in c in dung C v cun cm thun c t cm L
thay i c. iu chnh L in p hiu dng hai u cun cm t gi tr cc i th gi
tr cc i bng 100 V v in p hiu dng hai u t in bng 36 V. Gi tr ca U l
* Hng dn gii:
Khi iu chnh L U
L
max th khi u
RC
vung pha vi u
AB
nn ta c
2 2 2 2 2 2
U U U U U U
C R RC LMAX
+ + +
VI
2 2 2
) (
C LMAX R
U U U U nn ta c :
V U U U U U U U U
C LMAX LMAX C LMAX LMAX
80 . 0 .
2
2 2

V d 14 : Cho mch in RLC,in p hai u mch in l u = 200
2
cos(100t) (V). L thay
i c. Khi mch c L = L
1
3 3

(H) v L = L
2
=
3

(H). Th mch c cng cng sut nhng

gi tr tc thi lch pha nhau gc
3

.
a. Tnh R v C
b. Vit biu thc ca i
* Hng dn gii:
Ta c
1 2
300 3 , 100 3
L L
Z Z
a. Do P
1
= P
2

1 2
1 2
1 2
( )
L C L C
L C L C
Z Z Z Z Z Z
Z Z Z Z



Theo bi th i
1
v i
2
lch pha nhau gc
3

nn c mt biu thc l nhanh pha hn u v mt biu

thc chm pha hn u.
Do
1 2
300 3 , 100 3
L L
Z Z nn i
1
nhanh pha hn u cn i
2
chm pha hn u.
v
1
1 2
2
6
tan tan
6

'

o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc

21
Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
Mt khc ta c
1 2
4
10
200 3
2 2 3
L L
C
Z Z
Z C F

+

300 3 200 3 1
tan 300
6 3
R
R


b. Vit biu thc ca i
Vi 200 3 ; 300
C
Z R ;
1
300 3
L
Z
Tng tr ca mch Z = 200
0
1 I ;
1
6

Biu thc ca cng dng in i l: os(100 )
6
i c t

(A)
Vi 200 3 ; 300
C
Z R ;
1
100 3
L
Z
tng t ta c: os(100 )
6
i c t

+ (A)
V d 1 5 : t mt hiu in th xoay chiu c tn s gc

vo hai u cun dy c R, C th
cng sut tiu th ca on mch l P
1
= 100 W. Nu ni tip mch vi cun dy c t cm
l L vi
2
2 1 LC v t vo hiu in th trn th cng sut tiu th l P
2
. Tnh gi tr ca P
2
* Hng dn gii:
Cng dng in trc khi mc t in C:
1
2 2
C
U
I
R Z

+

Cng dng in sau khi mc thm t in C l:
2
2 2
( )
L C
U
I
R Z Z

+
Do
2
2 1 2
L C
LC Z Z Suy ra
2
2 2
( )
C
U
I
R Z

+
Suy ra I
2
=I
1

P
2
=P
1
= 100W
V d 16: Cho on mch xoay chiu sau:
R 100 (in tr thun)
C
4
10
2

F
L: t cm thay i c ca mt cun thun
cm
Hiu in th gia hai u AB ca on mch c biu thc:
o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
22
L B
R
A C
Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
u 200cos100 t(V)
a) Thay i L h s cng sut ca on mch t cc i.Tnh cng sut tiu th ca on
mch lc v in p gia hai u ca cun dy.
b)Tnh L cng sut tiu th ca on mch cc i.
* Hng dn gii:
a)Tnh L
-H s cng sut ca on mch l:
2 2
L C
R R
cos
Z
R (Z Z )

+
Khi L bin thin,
cos
s c gi tr ln nht nu c:
2
L C
Z Z 0 LC 1
Do :
4 2
2
1 1 2
L H
10 C
(100 )
2

Z R
Cng sut tiu th bi on mch l:
2
2
2
2
200
U U
2
P I R R 200W
Z R 100
_

_
,


,
+ U
L
= I Z
L

L
U
Z
R
=
200 2
V
b)Tnh L
- Cng sut tiu th bi on mch c biu thc:
2
2
2
2 2
L C
U RU
P I R R
Z R (Z Z )
_


+
,
Khi L bin thin, P ln nht nu c:
2
L C
Z Z 0 LC 1
2
1 2
L H
C


2
max
U
P 200W
R

V d 1 7 : t mt in p xoay chiu u = 200 cos(100

t +
3

) vo hai u on mch mc
ni tip theo th t cc phn t gm mt in tr thun R, mt t in c in dung C v mt
cun cm c t cm L thay i c. iu chnh L in p gia hai u cun dy t cc
i th khi in p gia hai u ca t in l U
C
= 100 V. Hy vit biu thc gia hai u
ca R v C : u
RC

* Hng dn gii:
Theo gi thit khi L thay i U
L
t cc i th :
+ u
RC
vung gc vi u
AB
:
2
2 2
2
2 2
U U U U U U
C R RC LMAX
+ + +
Mt khc
2 2 2
( )
R LMAX C
U U U U +
Vi
100 2 U V
; 100
C
U V 200
L
U V
o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
23
Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
Ta c
2 2 2
100 2
RC LMAX RC
U U U U V
V ( )
3 2 6
RC
rad


Biu thc in p hai u u
RC
= 200 cos(100

t -
6

)
V d 1 8 : t mt in p xoay chiu u = 200
2
cos(100

t) vo hai u on mch mc
ni tip theo th t cc phn t gm mt bin tr R c in tr thay i t 0 n ,t in c
in dung C =
4
10
F

v mt cun dy khng thun cm c r = 60 v t cm L =

1,5
H

.
a) Xc nh cng sut cc i ca mch.
b) Xc nh cng sut cc i trn R
* Hng dn gii:
a) Ta thy cng sut cc i ca mch t c khi :
R
M
= R + r =
L C L C
Z Z R Z Z r
Vi s liu ca bi ton:
Z
L
= 150 ; Z
C
= 100 v r = 60
L C
r Z Z >
M R
M >
ax
0
L C m
r Z Z P P R >
Gi tr ca cng sut
2
ax
2 2
( )
m
L C
U
P r
r Z Z

+
393,44W
b) Cng sut trn R t cc i th
2 2
( )
L C
R r Z Z + =
10 61


2
ax
2 2
2 2 ( )
m
L C
U
P
r r Z Z

+ +
256 W
PHN 4: BI TP NGH
1) Bi tp t lun
Bi 1: Cho mch in RLC; u = 30
2
cos(100t) (V).R thay i c. Khi mch c R = R
1
=
64 th lch pha gia u v i l
1
. Khi mch c R = R
2
= 36 th lch pha gia u v i l

2
. bit
1 2
2

+ t
a. Tnh cng sut ng vi R
1
v R
2

o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
24
Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
b. Tnh L bit C =
4
1
10 F

c. Tnh cng sut cc i ca mch
Bi 2: Cho mch in RLC, R c th thay i c, Hiu in th hai u mch l u = 200
2
cos(100t) V; L =
1

(H), C =
4
10
2
F

Tm R :
a. H s cng sut ca mch l 3 2
b. Hiu in th hiu dng gia hai u in tr l U
R
= 100V
c. Mch tiu th cng sut P = 100W
Bi 3: Cho mch in nh hnh v, u = U
2
cos100t (V), C =
3
10
9
F

, R = 120
a. Tnh L
AN
U
uuuur
vung gc vi
MB
U
uuuur
b. Tnh L U
AN
t gi tr cc i
c. Tnh L cos = 0,6
Bi 4(C-2010): t in p u =
U 2 cos t
(V) vo hai u on mch gm cun cm thun
mc ni tip vi mt bin tr R. ng vi hai gi tr R
1
= 20 v R
2
= 80 ca bin tr th
cng sut tiu th trong on mch u bng 400 W. Gi tr ca U l
Bi 5(C-2010): t in p u = 200cos100t (V) vo hai u on mch gm mt bin tr R
mc ni tip vi mt cun cm thun c t cm
1

H. iu chnh bin tr cng sut ta

nhit trn bin tr t cc i, khi cng dng in hiu dng trong on mch bng.
o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
25
p s: I = 1A
p s: U = 200 V
p s: a)
1, 6
L H

b)
2,5
L H

c)
1
2,5
L H

v
1
2,5
L H

p s: a)
100 3 R
b) R =
100
3

c)
1 2
373 ; 27 R R
p s: a) P
1
= P
2
= 9 W
b)
1 2
0,52 1, 48
; L H L H


c) P
max
= 9,375W
Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
Bi 6(H-2008): on mch in xoay chiu gm bin tr R, cun dy thun cm c t
cm L v t in c in dung C mc ni tip. Bit hiu in th hiu dng hai u on mch
l U, cm khng Z
L
, dung khng Z
C
(vi Z
C
Z
L
) v tn s dng in trong mch khng i.
Thay i R n gi tr R
0
th cng sut tiu th ca on mch t gi tr cc i P
m
, khi R
0
v cng sut c gi tr:
Bi 7(H-2007): t hiu in th u = U
0
sint (U
0
v khng i) vo hai u on mch
RLC khng phn nhnh. Bit t cm v in dung c gi khng i. iu chnh tr s
in tr R cng sut tiu th ca on mch t cc i. Khi h s cng sut ca on
mch bng
Bi 8: Cho mch in xoay chiu nh hnh v. in tr R = 20, cun dy thun cm c
t cm thay i c, t in c in dung C cng thay i c.
Hiu in th hai u on mch
200cos(100 )(V) u t
1) iu chnh L v C L = 31,8 mH v C = 106 F
Tnh cng sut ca mch.
2) Thay i L v C sao cho hiu in th hiu dng hai u cun dy gp 2 ln hiu in th
hiu dng hai u t v cng dng in qua mch lch pha
3

so vi hiu in th hai u
mch. Tnh cng sut ca mch trong trng hp ny v cc gi tr ca L v C
3) Thay i L sao cho
2
1 LC
tnh cng sut trong mch khi .

Bi 9: Cho mch in nh hnh v: L l cun thun cm
C t cm thay i c; R l bin tr
200 3 os(100 )( )
AB
u c t V
1. t kha K v tr s 1 v iu chnh L c gi tr L
1
, in tr c gi tr R
1
ngi ta thy U
AM
= 100 6( ) V , U
MB
= 200 2( ) V . Vit biu thc u
AM.
2. Chuyn kha K sang v tr 2, in tr R
2
= 100
2
. iu chnh t cm L =
3

H. th
thy U
L
= U
Lmax
Tnh C
2
ca t
o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
26
L
C
R
A B
p s: 1) P = 500 W
2) P = 500 W; L = 0,22 H; C = 92 F
3) P = 1000 W
C
1
M
C
2
B
L R
A N
K
p s: 1. u
AM
= 200 3 os(100 t+1,23) c
2. c hai gi tr ca in dung tha mn
C
2
=
4
10
2
F

v C
2
=
4
10
F

p s: cos
2
2


p s: R
0
=
L C
Z Z
P
max
=
2
2
L C
U
Z Z

Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
Bi 10: Cho mch AB gm cun dy thun cm c t cm L =
1, 6
H

, v mt t in c
in dung C =
4
10
F

v mt bin tr c R thay i c t 0 n 400, mc ni tip nhau.

t vo hai du on mch mt hiu in th xoay chiu u
AB
=
400 os(100 )( ) c t V
.
1. iu chnh R cng sut tiu th trn mch t gi tr cc i P
max
. Tm R v P
max
v biu
thc ca cng dng in khi .
2. Tnh R cng sut tiu th trn mch bng 3/5 P
max
. Vit biu thc cng dng in
khi .
2) Bi tp trc nghim
Cu 1. Mt mch gm in tr thun R , mt t in c in dung C v cun dy thun cm c
t cm L thay i c mc ni tip. Mc vo hai u on mch mt in p xoay chiu u =
U
0
cost Khi in p hai u cun dy t cc i. Kt lun no sau y l ng?
A. u
L
sm pha hn u
R
mt gc /2.
B. u
RC
cng pha vi u gia hai u on mch.
C. u
RC
tr pha hn in p hai u mch u mt gc /2.
D. u
RL
sm pha hn u mt gc /2.
Cu 2. t mt hiu in th xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng U khng i nhng tn s f thay i
vo hai u mt on mch R,L,C ni tip. Cng sut to nhit trn in tr
A. t l vi U. B. t l vi C. C. t l vi R. D. ph thuc f.
Cu 3. Cho mt on mch in xoay chiu gm mt bin tr R mc ni tip vi mt cun thun
cm L = 2/ H. in p t vo hai u mch u = 100
2
cos100t (V). Thay i R, ta thu c
cng sut to nhit cc i trn bin tr gi tr bng
A. 12,5W. B. 25W. C. 50W. D. 100W.
Cu 4. Cho mch in xoay chiu gm bin tr R, cun dy thun cm L, v in dung ca t in
C mc ni tip. t vo hai u on mch hiu in th xoay chiu c biu thc
120 2 cos(120 ) u t V. Bit rng ng vi hai gi tr ca bin tr :R
1
=16,R
2
=25 th cng
sut tiu th P trn on mach nh nhau. Cng sut cc i ca mch t c:
A.360W B.180W C.450W D.90W
Cu 5: t mt in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng U = 240V vo hai u on mch bin tr
R, cun dy c t cm L v t in c in dung C ni tip. iu chnh R hai gi tr R
1
v R
2
sao cho R
1
+ R
2
= 150 th thy cng sut tiu th ca on mch ng vi hai trng hp ny nh
nhau v bng:
A. 348W. B. 384W. C. 192W. D. 129W.
o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
27
p s: 1. R = 240 v P
max
= 167W
i = 1,18 cos(100 t +
4

) (A)
2. R
1
= 720 v R
2
= 80
i
1
= 0,5 cos(100 t +0,32)(A)
i
2
= 1,58cos(100 t +1,249)(A)
Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
Cu 6: Cho mt mch in LRC ni tip theo th t trn vi cun dy thun cm. Bit L = 1/(H),
C = 2.10
-4
/(F), R thay i c. t vo hai u on mch mt hiu in th c biu thc: u =
U
0
.cos100t (V). u
C
chm pha /3 so vi u
AB
th:
A. . R = 25 3 B. R = 50 3 C. R = 100 D. R =
3
3 50
Cu 7: Cho mt mch in LRC ni tip theo th t trn vi cun dy thun cm. Bit R thay i
c, L = 2/(H), C = 10
-4
/1,5(F) . t vo hai u on mch mt hiu in th c biu thc: u =
U
0
.cos

t (V). u
RL
lch pha /2 so vi u
RC
th:
A. R = 50 B. R = 200 C. R = 100
2
D. R = 50
2

Cu 8: Cho mt on mch in AB gm in tr R, t in c in C. Khi tn s dng in qua
mch bng 100Hz th hiu in th hiu dng U
R
= 20V, U
AB
= 40V v cng dng in hiu
dng qua mch l I = 0,1A. R v C c gi tr no sau y?
A. R = 200 ; C = 10
-4
/2 3 (F) B. R = 100; C = 10
-4
/ 3 (F)
C. R = 200 ; C = 2 3 10
-4
/ (F) D. R = 100; L = 3 10
-4
/ (F)
Cu 9: Trong mch in xoay chiu gm R, L, C mc ni tip lch pha gia in p gia hai
u ton mch v cng dng in trong mch l: ; lch pha gia in p hai u hai phn
t R v L so vi i l
RL
v +
RL
=
2

Khi kt lun no sau y l ng?

A. mch c tnh dung khng v in p hai u hai phn t R v L t cc i.
B. mch c tnh cm khng v in p hai u hai phn t R v L t cc i.
C. mch c tnh dung khng v in p hai u hai phn t R v C t cc i.
D. mch c tnh cm khng v in p hai u hai phn t R v C t cc i.
Cu 10: Cho on mch RLC ni tip, gi tr ca R bit, C c nh. t mt hiu in th xoay
chiu n nh vo hai u on mch, ta thy cng dng in qua mch chm pha /3 so vi
hiu in th trn on RL. trong mch c cng hng th cm khng Z
L
ca t phi c gi tr
bng
A. R/
3
. B. R. C. R
3
D. 3R.
Cu 11: Cho mch in c in tr thun R, t in C, cun dy thun c t cm L thay i
c ; u = U 2 cos100

t (V) R = 200; C =
1
4
.
4
10 F

. Khi U
L
t cc i th t cm ca
cun dy c gi tr:
A.
5
L H

B.
0.5
L H

C.
1
5
L H

D.
1
0,5
L H

Cu 12: in c in tr thun R, t in C, cun dy thun c t cm L c th thay i c.

Hiu in th hai u mch l u =U 2 cos(100

t) V; Khi mch c L = L
1
=
1

(H) v L = L
2
=
3

(H) th mch c cng cng sut. Khi U

L
t cc i th L c gi tr:
A.
1, 2

(H) B.
0, 6

(H) C.
2

(H) D.
1
2
(H)
Cu 13: Cho mt on mch RLC ni tip. Bit
3
4 10
( ), ( ) L H C F

. t vo hai u
on mch mt hiu in th xoay chiu c biu thc: 120 2 os100 ( ) u c t V vi R thay i
o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
28
Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
c. iu chnh R cng dng in hiu dng trong mch t cc i. Khi cu no trong
cc cu di y sai:
A. Cng hiu dng trong mch l I
max
=2A; B. Cng sut mch l P = 240 W.
C. in tr R = 0. D. Cng sut mch l P = 0.
Cu 14. t in p u = U
0
cost vo hai u on mch mc ni tip gm in tr thun R, t
in v cun cm thun c t cm L thay i c. Bit dung khng ca t in bng R 3 .
iu chnh L in p hiu dng gia hai u cun cm t cc i, khi
A. in p gia hai u in tr lch pha
6

so vi in p gia hai u on mch.

B. in p gia hai u t in lch pha
6

so vi in p gia hai u on mch.

C. trong mch c cng hng in.
D. in p gia hai u cun cm lch pha
6

so vi in p gia hai u on mch

Cu 15: Mch in xoay chiu AB c u
AB
= 100
2
cos100

t(V), gm in tr thun R, cun dy

thun cm L =

2
(H), t in c in dung C ghp ni tip theo ng th t trn. Vn k c in
tr rt ln mc vo hai u on R ni tip L. Tm gi tr ca C sao cho khi thay i gi tr ca R
m s ch ca vn k khng i.
A.
2
10
4
(F) B. ) (
10
4
F

C.
3
10
4
(F) D.
4
10
4
(F)
1 C 2 C 3 B 4 A 5 B 6 A 7 D 8 A
9 B 10 C 11A 12 A 13 B 14 A 15 D
TI LIU THAM KHO
1. SGK; SBT: SGV vt l 12 ban nng cao.
2. 100 n luyn vt l V Thanh Khit- Nh xut bn i hc Quc Gia H Ni
3. Gii ton vt l 12 tp 2 Nh xut bn gio dc.
4. Chuyn bi dng Vt l 12 Trng Th Lng & Phan Hong Vn NXB Nng
5. 200 bi ton in xoay chiu V Thanh Khit NXB ng Nai
6. 270 bi toans vt l 12 L Vn Thng .
7. Chuyn bi ton cc tr ca thy ng Vit Hng ging vin HBK H Ni.
o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
29
Mt s bi ton cc tr trong mch in khng phn nhnh R, L, C
o Th Loan Trng THPT Yn Lc
30