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  • Anaplerotic Reactions of The Tca Cycle

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    Mariannzz Negrete
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    The document discusses anaplerotic reactions in the TCA cycle. The TCA cycle produces energy but also intermediates that branch off into pathways for important metabolites. If these intermediates are diverted, the TCA cycle cannot function to produce energy. However, anaplerotic reactions replenish intermediates like oxaloacetate to resume energy production from the TCA cycle. Specific enzymes involved in important anaplerotic reactions are also listed.

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    Anaplerotic Reactions of the Tca Cycle

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    The document discusses anaplerotic reactions in the TCA cycle. The TCA cycle produces energy but also intermediates that branch off into pathways for important metabolites. If these intermediates are diverted, the TCA cycle cannot function to produce energy. However, anaplerotic reactions replenish intermediates like oxaloacetate to resume energy production from the TCA cycle. Specific enzymes involved in important anaplerotic reactions are also listed.

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    33 views1 page

    Anaplerotic Reactions of The Tca Cycle

    Uploaded by

    Mariannzz Negrete
    The document discusses anaplerotic reactions in the TCA cycle. The TCA cycle produces energy but also intermediates that branch off into pathways for important metabolites. If these intermediates are diverted, the TCA cycle cannot function to produce energy. However, anaplerotic reactions replenish intermediates like oxaloacetate to resume energy production from the TCA cycle. Specific enzymes involved in important anaplerotic reactions are also listed.

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    of 1

    ANAPLEROTIC (REPLENISHING) REACTIONS OF THE TCA CYCLE

    GLUCOSE
    4.1.1.32

    Fatty acids

    Oxaloacetate

    Phosphoenolpyruvate
    2.7.1.40

    Acetyl-CoA 4.1.3.8 Citrate

    1.1.1.37
    Malate Malate
    CO2
    H2O

    PYRUVATE
    PEP PEP
    Plants & Bacteria

    PEP
    CO2
    GDP
    Heart & skeletal muscle
    y dne KI

    PYRUVATE
    CO2
    NADPH + H+

    Live r&

    4.1.1.31
    Pi

    ATP
    CO2

    4.1.1.32
    GTP

    ACETYL-CoA
    6.4.1.1 ADP

    Amino acids Amino acids

    Aspartate Aspartate

    1.1.1.40
    NADP+

    Oxaloacetate
    1.1.1.37

    Citrate

    Malate

    Aspartate Phenylalanine Tyrosine

    Fumarate

    Isocitrate
    Glutamate Amino acids Amino acids

    Succinate

    Oxoglutarate
    Succinyl-CoA

    Glutamate

    Odd chain Fatty acids Valine Leucine Isoleucine

    Porphyrins

    Anaplerotic Reactions

    Anabolic Reactions

    The TCA Cycle is the main source of energy for cells. However, half of the intermediates on which the cycle depends are also the origin of pathways leading to important metabolites such as fatty acids , amino acids or porphyrins. If any of these intermediates are thus diverted the integrity of the cycle is broken and the TCA Cycle can no longer function. Production of essential energy can only be resumed if the diverted intermediate or a subsequent intermediate which leads to oxaloacetate can be replenished by anaplerotic (re-filling) reactions.

    ENZYMES
    1.1.1.37 Malate dehydrogenase 1.1.1.40 Malate dehydrogenase (oxaloacetate decarboxylating) NADP+ 2.7.1.40 Pyruvate kinase . 4.1.1.31 4.1.1.32 4.1.3.8 6.4.1.1 Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase Phosphoenolpyruvatecarboxykinase (GTP) ATP citrate (pro-S)- lyase Pyruvate carboxylase

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