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trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

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trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

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trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

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5
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

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9
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10
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

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11
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

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12
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009
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13
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

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tvkyo f rm;jzpfrnf? av#mf vlnHhjzpfa=umif; trsm;u owfrSwfrSmaocsmyg.?
aumif;zdk@qdkonfu pmusuf&HkESifhr+yD;? aumif;onf oifw@kd a&S@wiG f rrJah omfvnf; aemufu, G w f iG rf l rJrh mS aocsmyg.?
qd&k m0,f ud, k uf siw hf &m;udk &nfne$ ;f jcif;jzpf.? tusiphf m&dwW oifw h @kd u, kd o f ifw@kd vnf;rSex f =J unf+h yD; igajymwm r[kwrf rSef
aumif;rS oifval umif;jzpfrnf? twef;xJwiG f pmawmfojl zpf =uGm;aewmvm; t[kwfvm;qdkonfudk jyefpOf;pm;ygu
ygv#uf olrsm;ypPnf;cdk;wwfv#ifvdrfnmajymqdkwwfv#if tvGe&f u S pf &maumif;aevdrrhf nf? ud, k u f r[kww f mvky+f yD;
oifvlaumif;r[kwfawmhay? tvm;wlyif vkyfief;cGifwGif ud, k v hf yk &f yfuzkd ;kH uG,zf @kd trsm;udk tykycf saev#if rdru d yky+f yD;
tvk y f a wmf o l j zpf a omf v nf ; rd r d r suf E S m aumif ; &a&;/ om;jzpf+y;D tajymcH&olu rykyyf g? tjcm;olonf olr[kww f m
tcG i f h t a&;&a&;twG u f b0wl vk y f o m;rsm;tay: vkyv f #if ol@bmomol ykyaf eygvrd rhf nf oifutykycf sp&mrvdyk g?
14
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

avmuwGif rSm;rSef;odv#ufESifhrSm;aeolrsm;&Sd.? trSef udkjyrnfholESifhawG@v#if


trSefjzpfoGm;.?wzefrSm;rSef; rodIrSm;aeolrsm;vnf;&Sd.? xdkolwdk@onfvnf; jyKjyifolESifh
awG@v#iftrSefay:a&mufoGm;=u.? wrsd;rSm rSm;rSef;vnf;rod jyKjyifIvnf;em;rvnfoljzpfonf?

oif t yk y f c sp&mrvd k y g? t&uf t vG e f t u|H a omuf o l oltvkyfoGif;ay;aom jrefrmEdkifiHom;rsm;xHrS EdkifiHul;


wa,mufudk tJ' gt&uform;ayghuG[k ajymp&mrvkdyg? vufrw S u f kd aps;aygaygjzifjh yef0,fum "mwfyakH jymif;uyfa&mif;
trsm;ut&uform;jzpfa=umif;od+yD;om;jzpfaeygonf? pm;onft h vkyyf gvyk v f monf? Edik if u H ;l vufrw S f jyefra&mif;ol
oifajymvdu k rf S oifonforl sm;tay: csKd ;ESrd v f okd l pdwx f m;,kwf vli,fo;kH OD;udk tvkyjf zKwfypfz@kd olaX;udk ajymojzifh olaX;u
edrfholjzpfa=umif;trsm;a&S@wGif udk,fhtxkwfudk,fajzjyovdk xdv k il ,fo;kH a,mufukd tvkyjf zKwyf pfvu kd o f nf? apwemrSeI f
jzpfomG ;.? tusdK;ay;onf xdkvli,frsm;udk jrefrmvlrsdK;wOD;uau|;
u|Eykf o f nf atmufyg ta=umif;t&mudk a&;zd@k ra&;zd@k arG;xm;cJ&h mrS vkyif ef;cGi&f dS xdik ;f vlrsKd ;rsm;u olaX;udt k usKd ;
vtenf;i,f =umonftxd pOf;pm;ae+yD;rS a&;zd@k q;kH jzwf& ta=umif;&Sif;jyojzifh xdkvli,frsm;tvkyfjyef&onfrSm
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vdak omqENr&Sad =umif; rdru d ,
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wa,mufEiS q hf o kH nf? olonf toufarG;0rf;a=umif;ynmwck olrsm;udk ydrk Okd ;D pm;ay;onft h jyif vkyaf zmfxikd ;f vlrsKd ;rsm;uvnf;
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trsm;xuf oH;k qr#y&kd onf? od@k aomfoo l nf =uGm;wwf.? rJrJjrif&ma[mifawmhonf? xdkvli,frsm;ESifh &if;ESD;qufqH
ol=umG ;onfrmS b,fo@l urkd #rxdcu kd yf g? olb,fwek ;f uEdik if aH &; olreS o f r#ukd a[mifvu kd f [pfvu kd v f yk v f monf? =umawmh
udb k ,favmufvyk cf ahJ =umif; ,ckvnf;tzG@J tpnf;rSmvkyaf e trsm;ESirhf wnfyh J vlpm&if;.tjyifbufo@kd a&mufomG ;onf?
a=umif; ponfjzif-h ol,cifuvkycf o hJ nfrmS trSeyf ifjzpfygonf ol@u&kd u kd cf sio f al wGrsm;vmonf? ab;u0dik ;f xde;f xm;Iol
b,fIb,fr#vkyfcJhonfrodyg odzdk@vnf;rvdkyg? ,ckbmrS oufomonf? trSerf mS olonf tvkyaf wmfow l a,muf
rvkyfyJ vkyfaeonf[k vdrfaeonf Ttcsufonfvnf; jzpfygonf? ud, k uf sirhf aumif;I od@k r[kwf pdwx f m;raumif;
rnfo@l urkd #rxdck u kd yf g? ojzifh awmf&mrS ,kwef rd o hf mG ;&jcif;jzpfygonf?
xd c d k u f v monf r S m ol @ ud k , f w d k i f y if j zpf y gonf ? avmuwGif rSm;rSe;f odv#uEf iS rhf mS ;aeolrsm;&S. d ? trSef
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a=umifh rlvaexdik af omtywfrifw h iG t f rsm;u 0dik ;f &du k rf nfvyk f awG@v#it f rSeaf y:a&mufomG ;=u.? wrs;d rSm rSm;rSe;f vnf;rod
I xGuaf jy;um tjcm;tywfrifw h cko@kd S todwa,muf.tul jyKjyifIvnf;em;rvnfojl zpfonf? yxrESi'hf w k , d trsKd ;tpm;
tnDjzihfajymif;a&$@vdkuf&onf? olonf vl wa,mufESifh rsm;rSm tcsed t f cgtm;av#mpf mG vlaumif;jzpfomG ;Edik af omfvnf;/
qufr+d y;D jrefrmjynfrv S al c:um tvkyo f iG ;f ay;onf? yxrwGif wwd,trsKd ;tpm;rSmrl jyKjyifIr&ojzifhypfxm;&rnfh
wa,mufudk bwf&Spf&m,l&mrS waxmifhig;&m txd,l trsKd ;tpm;pm&if;0ifum &ifempGmjzifh yif vspv f sL&&awmhrnf
vmonf? tvkyfr&rDau|;arG;p&dwfudkvnf;wae@twGuf vm; rqH;k jzwfEikd af wmhygay?
wa,muf v #if b wf w &m,l o nf ? 'gh x uf q d k ; onf r S m (ausmfvif;Edil )f

15
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

aMomf … od y f r a0;ygbl ; ? igu


bk&m;oGm; rSm…t"dXmef ykwD;ywf

yho
H ul Nynfrh ,fh aeYav… ( 9 ) &ufww
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ighq&muvnf;uGm nae 2 em&D
u 4 em&DtwGi;f pdw&f rSmwJh .."gwf
d ad ygh

uswhJ tcsed v f Ykd aNymwmyJ / olU"gwf


uvJ b,fhES,fh[m 'Davmuftcsdef
armifopfqif; Mu;D usrS usaerSe;f rodb;l …'gayr,fh
xl;awmh xl;Ncm;ygw,f/
vli,fu NyHK;íacgif;wpf csuf
xdkaeUu… ndwfonf/
aeonf,cifaeUrsm;xuf ydrk kd ar;Nref;vdrfhrnfNzpfonf/ udkvl0onftdwfxJu vufudkif
awmufavmif vmum onf;xef vS anmif y if r S w f w d k i f w G i f vl E S p f yk0gudx k w
k í
f NzefY vdu k Nf y;D rsuEf mS udk
onfU tyl pGr;f tifwUkd udk NrKd Uay:odUk a,muf&\ dS / okwfonf/ vnf*kwfudk okwfonf/
t&Sed Nf yif;pGm rIwcf svsS u&f o dS nf/ wpfa,mufrmS touf 35 ESpcf efU &ifbwfus,o f ;D ESpv f ;kH NzKwíf yk0gNzifh
opf&u G uf av;wpf&u G rf sS rvIy&f mS ; cyf00 vlwpfa,mufNzpfí aemuf ,yfcwfonf/ ESm wpfcsuf acsonf/
omatmif avuvnf;Nidrfcsufom; wpfaf ,muf rSm 18ESpcf efU vli,f wpf xdUk aemuf wHawG;axG;&ef nm buf
aumif;vGe;f vSonf/ þ&moDrsK;d \þ OD;Nzpfonf/ olwUkd onf anmifyif&yd üf odUk iHUk í Munfv h u kd \ f /
odUk aom aeUvnfcif;rsm;wGif NrKd Uonf &yfvsS uf aq;&Hb k ufrv
S mrnfNzpfaom xdkpOfrSmyif wpfpHkwpfckudk ol
xdik ;f rIid ;f av;vHomG ;wwfpNrNJ zpfonf/ vdik ;f um;udk apmifah rSsmaf eMuonf/ awGU&SdoGm;avonf/
eHeufcif;u vloal v;yg;um;Mu;D aeonfqufvufyNl yif;vSsu&f \ dS / wHawG;axG;&ef ESKwcf rf;rsm; pkcsG ef
um;i,f? pufbD;? qdkufu,fwdkUNzifU vdik ;f um;onf rvmao;/ xm;aom udv k 0l onf ol ESihf vuf
ckefaygufoGufvufcJhaom NrdKU\vrf; cyf 00vlonf wpfcsuo f ef; a0 wpfurf;tuGm &Sd t&m0w¬Kukd pl;pdu k f
rrsm;onf em&DEiS t hf rSs w&dy&f yd f Nrifh vdu k \ f /aeuvnf;yl…um;u vnf; MunfU&IUvSsu&f \ dS / xdt k &mrSm pmtdwf
wufvmcJo h nft h yl&edS af tmufü wpf vmcJvu kd w f muGm [k wpfu, kd f wnf; uav; wpftw d f Nzpfonf/
pwpfp aysmt h ad p;wGv J mum toGm; nnf;nLovdkaNymvdkufonf/ anmifNrpfao;ao;ESpfckMum;ü
tvmonf wNznf ; Nznf ; usJ y g; [m ..'D tcsed f rSmawmh 'Dvkd bJAs ausmufp&pfciJ ,f wpfv;kH Nzifh tao
oGm;awmhonf/ [k vli,fu NyefaNymvdu k Nf y;D aq;&Hk tcsm zdxm;vSsuf&Sdonf/ wpfpHkwpf
um;wpfp;D wpfav eif;Nzwfarmif; bufodkU arSsmfMunfhonf/ a,mufxHrS rawmfwq ususef&pf
ESio f mG ;wdik ;f t&nfaysmv f rf;rwdu Yk w cyfa0;a0;wGif vlwpfa,muf aecJUNcif; r[kwb f J wrifaocsm cs
Nzef;Nzef;atmfNrnfMu\/&kyfywf0ef; anmifyifqo D Ukd cyfowk f okwv f mae xm;cJah Mumif; Nrif,EkH iS Uf odeikd o f nf/
usif taNctaeMu;D wpfcv k ;kH u bGKd if onfukd Nrif&\ /vdik ;f um;udrk rI Nrif&/ udkvl0onf pmtdwfuav;udk
vmtdk; wpfvHk;udk owd&rdapawmh vli,fonf anmifyif&if;odUk oGm;um acwårSs pl;pdkufMunfU&IU NyD;aomf t
onf/ NzmxGufaeonfh anmifNrpfqHkwpfck om aumuf,lvdkuf\ / pmtdwfu
ysi;f &dz, G f wdwq f w d af eonfh &yf ay:wGif xdkifvdkufonf/ cyf00vl twef i,fazmif;MuaG eonf/ pmtdwf
uGuu f kd Nzwfoef; oGm;vmaom vrf; uvnf; tNcm;anmifNrpfqHk wpfck tzH;k onf cyf[[ av; yGiahf eonf/
ronf trSwf ( 1) vdik ;f um; aNy;qGJ ay:od k U oG m ;í xd k i f c svd k u f o nf / udvk 0l u vdypf ma&;onfb h ufoYkd vSef
&m vrf;aMumif;\ tpdwt f ydik ;f wpf yg;pyfrS [l;ceJ wpfcsurf nfonf/ Munfhvdkufonf/
ckNzpfavonf/ aq;&Hrk w S w f ikd rf S vGeíf nDav;u b,fomG ;rSmvJ ... yHo
h ul [laom rnDrnm vufa&;
vmvSsif anmifyifygvm; [k atmf[pf blwmMu;D bufcifAs... Nzifh cyfMuD;MuD; a&;xm;onfhpmvHk;
16
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

oH;k vH;k udk Nrifvu kd &f onft h cg pkcsG ef &Tiaf eyHrk mS ab;vl uyif rNyKH ;bJ r bmrS axGaxG xl;xl; ryg ygbl;uGm
aeonf h E S K wf c rf ; rsm; tenf ; i,f aeed k i f Nzpf & onf / vl i ,f o nf .. þyHo h ul awGU&So d l qufvufí
[oGm;\/ xdkUaemuf tzHk;udktom wpfcsuf &,fvu kd of nf/ csucf si;f qdk uHaumif;ygap bmnmaygh -
vSpfíMunfUvdkufonf/aiGpuúLtcsdKU ovdyk if udv k 0l u aiGpuúL acgufNzifU [kwfvm;Nyprf;ygAsm? zwfMunfh
udkawGU awGUvdkuf&onfU udkvl0\ vuf t k y f c sD a NrS m uf í ezl ; xuf o d k U &atmif ...
rsuv f ;kH rsm;onf vufueJ NzpfomG ; wifvu kd u f m rsuv f ;kH pHrk wdS Nf y;D wwGwf olu vli,fukd NyKH ;í Munfv h ukd \
f /
avonf/ae&mrS x&yfrvdk vnf;Nzpf wGwfa&&Gwfaeavonf/ pmtdwu f kd vufxw J iG f vH;k acs vdu k f
oGm;\ / q&morm;\ aus;Zl ; aMumif U onf/
[…..wu,fh yHo h ul[… yGwm uHZmwmrsm; wufaeygNy?D qufvuf pyfpk vScsnv f m;[…bmrS r[kwyf g
yJ... í ode;f &maygif; axmifaygif;….. bl;qdak e ...
trS w f r xif cyf u s,f u s,f rsuf v H k ; rsm;ud k Nyef z G i f U vd k u f vli,fu acwårSs aMumifMunfh
a&½GwfrdvdkufoNzifU yg;pyfudktNref onfUtcg NyKH ;Munfah e aom vli,fukd ae\/ xdaYk emuf wpfzuf odUk Nyefvn S Uf
ydwu f m vli,fqo D Ukd udvk 0l zswcf eJ awGU& onf/ udv k 0l u aiGpuúLacguf oGm;awmhonf/
vSnfh MunfUvdkuf\/ vli,fuvnf; udk tuFs t D wd xf J Nyefxnf&h ef [efNyif udv k 0l onf aiGpuúLacgufukd tuFsD
olUudk NyefvSnfhMunfhoNzifh udkvl0 vdkufonf/ tdwx f o J Ukd vSsiNf refpmG xnfUvdu k \f /
onf pmtdwu f vkd ufxw J iG uf ikd v
f sS uf tif;..tpfuUkd udk MunfUNy;D uGsef wpfzuf vSnahf eonfh vli,fukd zsuf
cyftrf;trf; NzpfoGm;avonf/ awmfvnf; ykw;D pdwcf sipf w d f ayguf ceJ MunfUNyD; pmtdwfudkcg;Mum;odkY
bmvJ tpfudkMuD;… bmaNymwm vmNyD Asm …pdwef nf;av; rpcJUprf;ygOD; xd;k xnfh onf/ ae&mrS x&yfonf/
vJ... ... anmif y if & d y f t pG e f e m;od k Y avS s muf
udv k 0l u ESw k cf rf; wpfcsuf udu k f [..[aeOD;[..tdwx f rJ mS useaf o; oGm;onf/ aq;&Hk rSwfwdkifbufodkY
vduk Nf y;D csucf si;f yifNyKH ;vdu k of nf/ w,f p mtd w f u d k z G i f U Nyef \ / pm&G u f arSsmMf unfo h nf/ tylveG v f rf;ray:ü
'DrmS yHo h ul ypfxm;w,f uG..ig acguf w pf & G u f xG u f v mNyef o nf / wH v S s yf c d k ; rsm; xaeonf / aq;&H k
awGUwm... udvk 0l u pm&Guu f kd NzefUvdu k of nf/ buf o d k Y o G m ;aeol oH k ; av;OD ; ES i f h
[k w f v m; bmawG y pf x m; atmif r ,f . .pmawG b mawG anmifyifqD vmaeol wpfO;D udk wH
wmvJ... a&;vdUk ygvm; ... vS s yf r sm;Mum;rS N rif & onf / vd k i f ;
yduk q f aH wGu.G .. pm&GufudkzwfaepOf NyHK;&Tifae um;ud k r I t&d y f t a,mif r S s rawG U
[m;…tpfukd uHaumif;wmaygh .. onfUolYrsufESmonf wNznf;Nznf; &ao; /
b,favmufvJ rodb;l a&Munfh wnfomG ;um rsuaf rSmifEpS cf k wGeUf &IUH awmuf…um;uvnf; MumyghumG -
&OD;r,f... ívm \/ tHMh owMu;D NzpfaeyH&k onfU vli,fu olUudk vSnrhf Munf/h wkeUf
udv k 0l u aiGpuúLacgufukd qGx J w k f olUtrIt&mrSm pm&Guu f kd zwfNy;D oGm; Nyef p um;vnf ; rqd k / ud k v l 0 onf
í wpf&u G cf si;f Nzefu Y m a&wGuaf wmh aomtcg avSmifaNymifoa&mfonfU anmif yif&if;odUk NyefavSsmufvmonf/
onf/ [ef rsKd ;odUk ul;aNymif;oGm;avonf/ vl i ,f u d k wpf c suf v S r f ; Munf h N yD ;
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&Gu?f 5 usyw f ef wpf&u G /f ayghav ... udk Nyefxw k v f u
kd of nf/acwårsS pOf;pm;
aNcmufq,f twdbJa[U…[m;… olu trSwfrxif a&&Gwfvdkuf ae\ /
[m;..[m; t"dXmefywD;0ifwJU t Nyef\ / xdUk aemuf vH;k aMuaeonfU pmtdwf
usKd ; awG. … xDx;kd &r,f uG…csr;f om bmawG a&;xm;wmvJ tpfu.kd .. udk NyefNzefUonf/rlvae&m anmifNrpf
awmhr,fh edrdwfawG NywmyJ? odef; vSr;f í ar;vdu k af om vli,fukd ES p f c k t Mum;wG i f tomNyef c svd k u f
aNcmufq,f? ode;f aNcmuf&m tm;vH;k olu apGMunfhonf/xdkar;Nref;rIudk onf/
Nzpfvmedkifw,f/ olMuKd uyf kH r&/ pmtdwu f kd Nyefacgufí tay:rS ausmufp&pfcJav;udk
olrY suEf mS Mu;D xde;f rEdik f odr;f r&NyKH ; pmtdwfxJ Nyefxnfhvdkufonf/ rIvtwdik ;f Nyef wif ay;vdu k of nf/

17
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

oufNyif; wpfcsuu f kd tom csvu kd f wpf&mudk rodrom &SmazGaeonfh pvdk yHkusaeonfh OD;acgif;udk Nznf;
onf/ yHpk rH sKd ; Nzpfaomfvnf; trIt&mrsm;u av;pGm tm;,larmUí vli,fukd Munfh
ylavmifNyif;xefvo S nfU 0efxyk f odom vGe;f ae\ / tbGm;td\ k xl; onf/xdUk aemuf udv k 0l udk Munfo h nf/
MuD;wpfckrS vGwfaNrmuf ayghyg;oGm; Ncm;rIUaMumifU xdik af eol ESpOf ;D uvnf; tm;,lí NyKH ;onf/
[efNzifh udv k 0l onf auseyfEpS o f ufpmG tuJcwf Munf&h UI vSsuf &SMd uonf/ aMomf…aumif;ygav&JUuG,f
NyKH ; vdu k \f / tbGm;tdo k nf [dv k vkd kd onfvkd aeygOD ; tbG m ;&J U …tbG m ;u
vrf;ray:ü um;i,f oH;k av;pD; vdEk iS Uf udv k 0l teD; odcYk sO;f uyf a&muf&dS apmapuwnf;u 'DyhH oulukd awGUcJh
Nzwfoef;armif; ESio f mG ;Mu\ /wNzef; oGm;\/ rsuv f ;kH tMunfrh sm;u anmif Ny;D om;vm;? bmNzpfvUkd ckrS vmaumuf
Nzef; NrnfoHMum;&\ /wpfae&mrS NrpfqkH tMuKd tMum;rsm;ay:odUk a&muf &wmvJ ...
rsufpdvnfvm[efwlaom avaNy &SdoGm;avonf/ vl i ,f \ tar;ü tbG m ;MuD ;
wpfcsuf a0Yí wdu k f vdu k o f nf/ a[m…&Sad o;w,f…&Sad o;w,f .. &kwfw&uf xdwfNym oGm;avonf/
anmifyifonf &S&J jJS rnfí anmif &kwfw&uf ay:xGufvmonfh vli,fukd Munfv h u kd f udv k 0l udk Munfh
&Gufuav;rsm; tenf;i,f ,drf;xdk; tHhMo 0rf;omoHMuD;ESifhtwl tbGm; vdkufESifh bm aNym&rSef; rodNzpfae
vIy&f mS ;oGm;Muonf/ tm;… t&om&Sd td k o nf anmif N rpf M um;rS yH h o ul [ef&o dS nf/ ESKwcf rf;udk vSsmESio hf yfí
vdu k w f m [k udv k 0l u a&&Gwo f nf/ pmtd w f uav;ud k a Ny;í aumuf trsKd ;rsKd ;yg;pyfuNkd yifonf/ rsuaf wmif
xdpk OfrmS yif anmifyif&yd o f Ukd vlwpf vdu k \ f / yk w f c wf y k w f c wf v k y f í acgif ; ud k
a,muf tarmw aum 0ifa&mufvm ud k v l 0 ES i f h vl i ,f w d k U uvnf ; a,mif,rf;í ukwf onf/ vli,fu
onf/ touf 70 cefU tzGm;Mu;D wpf wd k i f y if x m;ovd k y if Nyd K if w l x &yf olUudk pdw0f ifwpm; Munfah e\ /
a,mufNzpfavonf/ ydefcsnfUcsnfU vdkufrdMuonf/ [d'k if;…usKyuf ..tJ'.D .[d[ k m…tJ..bm
ud, k cf E¨m / cyfErG ;f EGr;f t0wftpm;/ tbGm;tdkonf ywf0ef;usifudk aNym&rSe;f awmif rodygbl;uG,f .-
rsuEf mS rSm acGs;oD;acGs;aygufrsm; onf; arUavSsmUoGm;onfh ES,f usKd ;usaJ om tbGm;Mu;D acgif;ukwNf yefonf/
xefvsS uf / oGm;rsm;ay: atmifNyKH ;vdu k o f nf/wkef 'DvdkuG,f…aNym&rSm..&Sufawmh
aeylxrJ S vmcJ&olonf anmifyif ,ifaom vuftpHEk iS Uf pmtdwu f kd zGiUf &Supf &mygyJ? 'DyhH oulu usKyu f ,
kd w f ikd f
&if;ü xdkifaeMuolESpfOD;udk ,ckr vdu k \ f / 'DaeUreufu ypfcUJ wmyg uG,.f .
SawGUNrif vdkuf&[efNzifU &kwfw&uf pm&Guaf cgufav;wpf&u G /f a[mAsm..'gNzifU bmNzpfvUkd vJ...
aNcvSrf;wkefUoGm;\/ rsufvHk;rsm;ü Ny;D awmh ... tJ'g…&Supf &maumif;wmy…'Dvu kd , G …f ?
t&d y f t a,mif r sd K ; pH k a y:ayguf bmrSr&Sd / usKyf w d k U u awmuyg…aNr;uav;
Nzwf o ef ; oG m ;Muonf / wpf p H k w pf tbGm;tdk rsuEf mS uGuu f eJ ysuf rrmvdUk aq;&Hk vmwif&wm ESpyf gwf
&maom arSsmv f ifch suaf y:ü pdwrf csrI oGm;onf/ tNyHK; vnf;&kwfw&uf avmuf&NdS y?D taNctaeuvnf; odyf
a0cGrJ &rI yHpk o H iG f NyifrsKd ;rsm;NzifU tbGm; aysmufu, G of mG ;onf/ pmtdwu f kd udik f rxl;Ncm;em; vSwmeJY tJ'g 'Dreuf
tdo k nf acwåcP awmifh awmifh Mu;D vS s uf twef M um id k i f u s oG m ;\/ aq;xGu0f ,f&if; aA'if 0ifar; awmh
&yfaeao;\ aemufNyefvSnfhawmh aemufrS ab;bDukd owd &ovdk Munfh q&mu ,Mwmacswt hJ aeeJU vrf;qH?k
rvdk? a½SUquf vSrf;&awmh rvdkNzifh onf/ olUudk &yfMunfaY eol ESpOf ;D tm; vrf;cG? vrf;ab;? opfyifwpfae&mrSm
&kww f &uf bmvky&f rnfrod Nzpfae Nrifvu kd f &onfUtcg tbGm;tdo k nf ud, k wf wfeikd of avmuf yHUoul ypf&
[ef&Sdonf/ rsuEf mS rxm;wwfovdk NzpfomG ;av r,fw…hJ Ny;D awmh tif;csxm;wJh pm&Guf
xdkYaemuftzGm;tdkonf ESKwfcrf; onf/ xdt k csed wf iG f vli,fu olUxH ay:rSm pma&;cdik ;f w,f… usKyf u ra&;
tpHkudk wif;wif; zdvSsuf anmifyif avSsmuf vm\/ wwfawmU q&m ud, k w f ikd f a&;ay;&Sm
&if;odkU wpfvSrf;csif; avSsmufvm tbGm; enf;enf;av; aemufus w,f /tJ'geJU aps;xJu aq;qdik u f kd
awmhonf/ xdik af eol ESpOf ;D udk tuJ oGm;w,fAs… toGm; a[m'D anmifyifMu;D atmuf
cwfo vdk Munfo h nf/ anmifyif&if; apmapm uav;uyJ a[m'D tpfukd rSm yHo h ul ypfcw hJ m uG,.f ..
w0du k v f nf; a0h0í J Munfo h nf/wpfpkH &oGm;w,f tbGm;tdo k nf t0wfwpf 'gNzifh tck Nyefvm ,lwmu…...
18
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

aq;aps;awG wufoGm;vdkYuG,fh…usKyf aA'ifq&m&JUtif;aMumifUrsm;vm;... aMumifh aNr;i,fav; tNref use;f rm


0,f&rSm emrnfawmh rac: wwfb;l xdktcdkufü vli,fonf wpfpHk ygap/awGU&Sd oluvnf;t*FgorD;av;
uG,fh toufu,faq; qdk vm;yJ… wpf&mudk awG;awm rd[efNzifh pm twGuf qkawmif; ay;Muyg /
tJ'gu oH;k av;&uftwGi;f trsm;Mu;D tdwfudk MunfUvdkufonf/ aNr;i,f\ bGm;at --
wuf oGm;w,f? pkpak ygif; aq;zd;k wGuf tJ'DxJu pm&Gufudk zwfMunfh [kww f ,f…[kww f ,f…
vdu k af wmh aiG 15 usyf vdak ea&m… ygvm; ... tJ'g aA'ifq&m yg;pyfu&GwNf y;D ol
wnf;wJUbke;f Mu;D ausmif; NyefomG ; &rSm tbG m ;td k u pm&G u f a cguf u d k ud,k wf ikd f a&;ay;wm…
vnf; ta0;Mu;D …aNr;av;u vnf; xkw, f Nl y;D NzefU vdu k o f nf/ ydpk phf u'f aeOD;av… tbGm;&JU…qufem;
wtm;armae aq;uvnf; csucf si;f t&G,f pm&Guf\ xdyfydkif;ü tif; axmifygOD; ...
&rSNzpfrSmqdkawmh… reufu ypfcJhwJh uGuu f av; wpfuu G f &Sod nf/xdt k if; [Jh …'gyJ r[kwv f m; ...
yHo h ulaiG 15usyu f kd Nyefowd &vdu k f uGuaf tmufü rnDrnma&;om;xm; r[kwfbl; tbGm;? aemufxyf
wmeJU… tif;..pGeUf cJUNy;D ayr,fU rwwf onfU pmaMumif;rsm;/ tbGm;tdu k vl quf a &;oG m ;MuwJ h vl a wG & S d a o;
edik bf ;l uG,…f Nyef&vdNk yef&Nim; vm&Sm rd i,fukd armhMunf\ h / w,f...
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aeygOD; … tbGm; ypfcJhwm aiG &Sm; vmum? tavmwMu;D 0if aNym wlorl mS uGseaf wmf Nzpfeikd yf gonf/
b,favmuf ... vduk \ f / odUk &mwGif pm&Guu f vli,f\ uGsefawmf q&m0ef wpfOD; Nzpf
q,fih g;usyaf v…aNr;uav;ouf vufxo J Ukd a&muf&o dS mG ; cJNh yD Nzpfonf/ ygonf/
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[kw&f UJ vm; ... onfESifh vli,fu tomt,m NyHK; yDopGmyif aq;ukoNcif; tvkyfrS
[kwyf gw,fu, G …f q,fih g;usyw f ef vdkuf\ xdkUaemuf pmaMumif;rsm;udk vGíJ uset f vkyrf sm; tm;vH;k udk pdwf
wpf&Guf&,f aA'if q&ma&;ay;wJh zwfonf/ xdo k Ukd zwfaepOfwiG f vl i,f 0if pm;ygonf/a':vmudrk I pdwt f 0if
pm&Gu&f ,f ... \ rsuEf mS ay; oem;&dy…f xdYk aemuf tHU pm;qH;k Nzpfygonf/þrSeaf om opöm p
vli,fu udkvl0udk vSnfhMunfh Mo&dyrf sm;…xdUk aemuftNyKH ;tenf;i,f/ um;aMumifh orD;uav; tNrefuse;f
onf / ud k v l 0 xH r S wif ; rmaom xdUk aemuf… rmygap/aiG 15 usyf xnfh 0if vSL'gef;
tMunfh rsm;udNk rif&aomtcg vli,f pm&Guu f kd zwfNy;D aomtcg vli,f cJUygonf/ q&m0efwpfO;D tNref use;f
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a[..rNzpfeikd w f muG,.f .. anmifyif udk armhMunfh ae avonf/ qufí zwfomG ; awmh\/ tbGm;Mu;D
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tbG m ;&,f … aiG 60 [k w f w ,f r vli,f acsmif;wpfcsu&f iS ;f vdu k o
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vli,fu udkvl0udk vSnfh ar; uGserf \ 15 ESpt f &G,f aNr;i,f uGseaf wmf opfyif rpdu k yf g/
vdu k \ f / udv k 0l u vli,f udk 0g;pm; onf aq;&Hak y:üaoaumifaygif;vJ vlyif pdu k yf gw,f / ausmif;q&m
rwwf wif;rmpGmMunfUaeqJ / NzpfvSsuf&Sdygonf/aNr;i,fuav;\ aygU /
a[mawmf aiGawGu b,fvv kd yk f usef ; rma&;twG u f & nf p l ; vS s uf 'gayr,fh uGsefawmfhom;orD; 4
yGm;vmwmygvdrfU…usKyf ypfcJhwm15 aq;zdk;xJrS zJUí þyHhoul tvSLudk a,mufvNl zpfygh r vm;vdUk awG;rdwikd ;f
usyx f yJ guG,…f bk&m;Mu;D pl;&ygap&JU… aqmif&u G yf gonf/ vSL&aom tusKd ; t&ufaomufcsifpdwfay:vmwwfyg
19
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

w,f/pGeUf pGeUf pm;pm; aiG 10 usyu f cl Jh wdkUudk ykwfcwfí rsuf&nfudk xdef; rqdkifygbl;awmf...
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ausmif;q&mwpfO;D vSKyfonf/ aMumifh 'DaiGukd taMumif;NyNy;D wd;k yGm;
awGU&So d o l Ukd …. om"k…om"kygawmf q&m0efMu;D wdUk ? vmwJh aiGqw kd mawmh aNymp&m rvdk
uG s ef r rS m uav; 5 a,muf pma&;Mu;D wd?Yk q&mMu;D wdYk use;f rmcsr;f awmhb;l aygh [kw&f UJ vm; ...
&Sdw,f/ ti,fqHk;u aq;cef;Nyae omMuygap vdk&mqE´ Nynfh0 Muyg [kwyf gw,fawmf...
&w,f/ 'DyHhouludk uGsefr vdkcsif ap…aNr;av;a&? aNr;av;&JU ukov kd f 'g[m yHUoul oabmyJ… cifAsm;[m
ygw,f/'gayrJh txufu a&;oGm;Mu twGuf 0dik ;f Mu 0ef;MuouGUJ … usKy&f if rvk y f a umif ; wJ U tvk y f u d k vk y f c J h
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av;wdYk use;f rmMuygap / 'DrmS …'DrmS 'Dupd u ö kd cifAsm;b,fvkd wef tNypfMu;D w,f…ud, k hf tefzwfukd
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yHhoulyGJ pdkufí Munfh\ /xdkYaemuf atmuf av;twGuf yJ…ol w&m;w,fAs ...
igvnf; 0ifvUkd EGJ ESKwcf rf;udk tom udu k o f nf/ 'gayrJU oabmudk igaNymNy;D Ny.D ..
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odMum;rif; tif; …[kwrf mS aygU…'gayrJU tck[m cifAsm;..olUudk rlvaiG 15 usyaf wmU
ausmufzsmtcif; u rif;&wmrS r[kwfbJ…NyD;awmU Nyef ay;oifw h ,f...
wif;a&mYv[ / / iguvnf;rif;r[kwb f ;l ..'gNzifch ifAsm; tdk rvdck siyf gbl;uG,.f ..
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rsm;udk tomt,m yGwfoyf vSsuf trf;trf; NzpfvsS u&f dS aom yHo h ul&iS f &yfrrSeb f ;l tHMh ow,f Asm…&Sm;w,f
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20
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

ewfpdrf;

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21
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

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22
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

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(1)

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23
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

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(2)

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24
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

om;rsKd ; b,f o l ‹ uk d r S rjzpf a pvd k y gbl ; ? tm;vH k ; woH x J xG u f z d k ‹ ygyJ ?

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(3)

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taeeJ‹ pdwx f m;jrifjh rwf/ trsK;d jrwf+yD; aygi;f pnf;Edik &f efom &Syd gw,f? tav#mufrwwfv‹kd taxmif;cH&r,fq&kd ifvnf;
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yHrk us yef;rus Ekid if aH &;v_y&f mS ;r_ tusit


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f idk ;f us
jzpfapr,fh reufjzeftwGuf 'Duae‹u tpðyvdk‹ jyifqifajymif;vJEkdifygw,f?

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d ‹kd yg?

vufxrJ mS reufjzef &Sad eygw,f?


&J&ifah tmif
(e,l;a'vD)
25
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

"m;awmiftvGef? rD;yifv,f&JU [dkrSmbuf


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MumNyDav/ ppftwGif;udk c&D;onfudk taMumif;NyKNyD;bkw zdk;vHk;u Nrifvdkufygw,f/
vifc&D;onfawGaygU/ [dkrSm q&m Nroef;wifh ....
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26
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

wdkU0dkif;u tawmfpnfrSmyJ/ oleJY tNcm;olrsm; udkudk;uGsef;odkU a&muf&SdoGm;Muw,f/


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27
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28
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009
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29
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

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30
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

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tus rajymEdik yf g?

31
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

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xdev
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32
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

zdk;armifpdwf"gwf
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rsuf & nf r qnf E d k i f a tmif jzpf M u&w,f / ]usaemf h u d k yk*¾dKvfwa,muf jzpfwm&,f? usaemfh ol&Jaumif; armif
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33
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

]zdk;armifvmNyD} uAsmrSm uAsmhy&d,m,fawG? t 'D u Asm (3) yk d ' f [ m? uAsmh Z mwf a umif a wG & J U
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zdk;armif&Gmudk jyefvmwwfwJh tcsdef ... tJ'Dtcsdef zwfolawG&JU &ifxJta&muf ydkYvdkufwmyg/
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zdk;armifhoHMum;? uif;orm;u ]zdk;armif} [m omrmefqif;&Jom;? vufvIyfrS yg;
wHcg;BuD;atmuf? rvG,faygufudk pyfvIyf&wJh ½Gmomav;wOD;yg/ uAsmxJrSm azmfjyrxm;
wpfa,muf0ifom? zGifhvdkufygaomf awmh olYrSm rdbESpfyg;rS &dSao;&JUvm;/ &dS&ifvnf; touf
,mwGiftkyfaqmif;? 0Jwufacsmif;ESifh t&G,fBuD; &ifhMuolawG? 'grSr[kwf usef;rma&; cßGwf,Gif;
cg;apmif;udk,fudkif;? ig;yvdkif;udk MuolawG? 'grSr[kwf rdpHkzpHkrS &dS&JUvm;/ zm;&Smig;&SmNyD;rS
vG,fodkif;NyD;vSsif? &Gmudk0ifonf toufarG;0rf;ausmif;&wJh ol .../ zdk;armif&JU qefwGif;
vlyifavvm;? wapävm;/ [m olrsm;wumxuf ydkNyD; eufrSmuawmh aocsmNyDaygh/
'gaMumifrh Ykd ]zd;k armif} qdw
k m &GmrSm vl&m0ifwhJ taetxm;
aemufxyfwykd'fu ...? b,f&dSEdkifyghrvJ/ zdk;armifvdk qif;&Jom;vli,fwa,muf?
&GmrSm r&dS&ifvnf; bmrSydkNyD; rxl;jcm;Edkifavmufatmif
aqmif;wpfnü ... wu,fu h kd ta&;ryg t&mrajrmufwhJ vlwa,muf/
csrf;jrpdrfhat;? vjcrf;auG;í vlawG[m zm;&Smig;&Smpm;&wJh “zdk;armif” udk b,f*½kpkduf
&Gmab;usDysuf? arSmifeufeufrS MurSmvJ/ b,fuGrf;awmifudkif? b,f ydkufqH &dSol? b,frd
ZD;uGufuatmf? awmufwJhaMumfpOf om;pk u rS ]zd k ; armif } ud k ]xrif ; vmpm;vS n f h O D ; } vd k Y
&Gmay:vTrf;atmif? *kyfusm;a[mifonf wul;wuefY xrif;zdwfaußG;Muol &dSyghrvJ/
zdk;armif vmcsdefygwum;/ ]zdk;armif} u uif;orm;awGeJYawmh tqifajy
atmif qufqH xm;yH&k ygw,f/nBu;D rif;Bu;D tcsed rf awmf
aemufxyfwydk'f ...? &GmudkjyefvmwJh ]zdk;armif} udk? uif;orm;wdkif;u rvG,f
aygufudk tomzGifhay;zdkY 0efrav; Mubl;/ zdk;armif&JUb0
odkYjzpfaomfjim;? cgwpfyg;odkY [m qif ; &J y gw,f / ½d k ; pif ; ygw,f / rxl ; jcm;bl ; /
wHcg;0ifvdk? ol rqdkbJ rxif&Sm;bl;/ rBuD;rm;bl;/
“armif;udkxkyg? vlpkyga[h? wnrSmawmh &GmudkuyfNyD; "g;jywdkufzdkY acsmif;ae
&Gmudkab;rS? umuG,fMuavmh? MuwJh "g;jywodkufeJY ig;&SmNyD; jyefvmwJh zdk;armifwdkY
"g;jyightm;? zrf;íxm;” [k &Gmab;rSm yufyif;wd;k awmh zd;k armifukd zrf;xm; Muwmaygh/
pum;rqHk;? [pfatmfwkef;wGif wu,fawmh "g;jyawGu zdk;armif udk wrifoufoufvm
'dkif;'kef;'def;oH &GmvHk;nHonf apmifhNyD; zrf;Muwmyg/ olwdkYu tcsdefrawmf &GmwHcg;yGifh
acsmif;,HyJhwifxyfownf;/ zdkYqdk&if zdk;armif &JU tultnD&rS 0ifvdkY&r,fqdkwm pHkprf;
xm;NyD;om;/ uif;orm;u zdk;armifqdk&if rvG,faygufudk
34
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

zGifhay;aeMuqdkwm "g;jyawGu odxm;awmh zdk;armifudk r[kwfbl;/ &Gmu ydkufqH&dS vlcsrf;om &GmhrsufESmzHk;


zrf;Ny;D wHcg;zGiahf y;zdYk zd;k armifukd ajymMuwmaygh/ ajymray; ]OD;vmb} twGuf r[kwfbl;/ wcsdef vHk; olYudk vlvdkolvdk
bl;qdk&if owfypfr,fvdkY zdk;armifudk Ncdrf;ajcmufMuwmaygh rqufqHcJhwJh &GmolBuD; “OD;pHwifh” qDu rsufESmomav;
zd;k armif [m "g;jyawGu BuKd ;eJw Y w
k Nf y;D zrf;cHxm;&wJt h csed f &vdk&jim; ol 'DvdkvkyfcJh wmr[kwfbl;/ olY&nf&G,fcsufu?
bmawGawG;ae cJo h vJ/ yxrawmh olt Y oufvw G af tmif olYapwemu yk*¾vudpö? yk*¾vtusKd;r[kwfbl;/ 'Dawmh
&GmwHcg;zGiahf y;zdYk ajymvdu k rf ,fqw kd hJ pdwu f ;l &drS ,f/ Ny;D awmh zdk;armif [m &GmtwGufawmh wu,fhudk aus;Zl;&Sif
olYudk csnfxm;wJhBudK;udk ajyatmif b,fvdkajz&yghrvJvdkY jzpfNyDaygh/ &Gm&JU ol&Jaumif;jzpfNyDaygh/ &Gm&JU pHjyyk*¾dKvfaygh/
awG;aumif;awG;r,f/ 'grSr[kwf olYudkBudK;eJYwkwfxm;wm 'D v d k e J Y zd k ; armif u d k &G m u rarh E d k i f M uawmh b l ; aygh /
ta&;rBuD ; bl ; ? &G m ud k 'D n "g;jywd k u f a wmh r ,f h u d p ö ? ]rdIif;ndKnOfh&dyf? vlajcwdwfüa&qdyftem;? &GmwHcg;rS *kyf
&Gmom;awG od&atmif olb,fvdk vkyf&yghrvJvdkYvnf; usm;us,favmif? &rf;a&mfa[mifaomf zdk;armifvmNyD}
awG;rdvdrfhr,f/ &GmtwGuf pdwfylvdrfhr,f/ tcsdefwdk qdkqJyif ...aygh/”
twGif;rSm ol[m qHk;jzwfcsufcs&vdrfhr,f/ tJ'Daemuf
]armif;xkMu? vlpMk u? "g;jyawG &Gmudk 0dik ;f xm;Ny?D ighuv kd nf; q&mBuD; rif;ok0Pf&JU “zdk;armifvmNyD” uAsm[m
zrf;xm;NyDa[h} vdkY tBudrfBudrf atmfawmhw,f/ zdk;armif wu,fhudk tvGrf;Zmwfyg/ 'gayr,fh r[mqef vGef;wJh
[m ol'Dvdkatmf&if olYudk "g;jyawGu xkMu axmif;Mu tvGrf;Zmwfwck/ BuD;jrifh*kPfx,fvGef;wJh vlom;w
owfMur,fqdkwm BudKNyD; odxm;NyD;om;yg/ olYrSm aMumuf a,muf&JU r[mtvGrf;Zmwf/
pdwrf &daS wmhb;l vm;/ olu &Gmudk owdray;yJ xm;vdu k &f if
&Gmudk "g;jywdkufcH&ayr,fh olYtoufawmh vGwfEdkifw,f (*)
qdkwJh tawG;udk ol rawG;wwfbl; wJhvm;/ olYtoufudk
owfcsifowfygap? &Gmudkawmh "g;jy&efu a0;&ifNyD;wm ]zd k ; armif v mNyD } uAsmxJ u ]zd k ; armif } [m
yJqdkwJhpdwfudk olb,fvdk vkyfNyD; awG;EdkifcJhwmvJ/ tJ'D omrmeftnMwvlwa,muf/ usaemfhtawGUtBuHKxJu
wcsdefxJrSmyJ qif;&Jom;eif;jym;olYb0udk olawG;rdNyD;? ]armifxl;&Sif} [mvnf; omrmefvlwa,muf/ olwdkYESpf
w&GmvHk;u ighudk b,fwkef;urS vl&mroGif;cJhwmyJ/ igu a,muf[m vlom;awGtwGuf &wemawG csefay;rxm;
bmjyKvdkY &Gmudk umuG,faeawmhrvJ? ightoufvGwfa&; Ed k i f c J h b l ; / ynmA[k o k w awG csef r xm;Ed k i f c J h b l ; /
udkyJ OD;pm;ay;&rSmayghqdkwJh tawG;aum rawG;EdkifcJh ]jrifhjrwfav;eufwJh r[mvlom;pdwf"gwf} wckwnf;udkyJ
bl;vm;/ csefxm;NyD; b0 ul;ajymif;oGm;cJhMuwmyg/
'DvdkeJY &Gmudk atmf[pf owday;vdkY "g;jyawG &Gmw&GmrSm ab;'ku©tEå&m,fwckck usa&muf
u ]zdk;armif} udk owfypf vdkufMuygNyD/ zdk;armif&JU atmfoH awmh r ,f q d k & if ab;'k u © t Eå & m,f w ck c k usa&muf
Mum;vdkY &Gmom;awG armif;xk vlpkEdkifMuNyD/ &Gm[m "g;jy aeNyDqdk&if zdk;armif wdkY armifxl;&Sif wdkYvdk vlawG? ay:vm
&efu a0;cJhygNyD/ 'DtcgMuawmh &Gmom;awGtm;vHk; wwfygw,f/ zdk;armif wdkY armifxl;&Sif wdkYvdk vlawG
zdk;armihfaus;Zl;udk txl;jyKMu&NyDaygh/ zdk;armif&JU pdwf ay:aygufvmatmifvnf; BuKd ;pm;oifyh gw,f/ “zd;k armif”
"gwfudk todtrSwfjyKMuNyDaygh/ zdk;armif&JU udk,fusKd;pGefY wdkY armifxl;&Sif wdkY&JU pdwf"gwfrsKd; &Gmu vlawG xm;Edkif
Ed k i f w J h owå d u d k av;pm;Mu&NyD a ygh / zd k ; armif [ m atmifajymqdkaqG;aEG;? aEG;axG;aeoifhygw,f/
'D t cgMuawmh omrmef v l x J u vl w a,muf r [k w f [dk; ...vGefcJhwJh 1973-ckESpfwkef;u?vufwift
awmhbl;/ zdk;armif[m &Gmudk "g;jyab;u uif;a0;zdkY qdk&if ar&duEdkifiHwckjzpfwJh csDvDEdkifiHrSm wdkif;jynfu 'Drdku
olt Y oufuakd wmif pGev Yf wT Nf y;D umuG,zf Ykd 0efrav;wJo h /l a&pDenf;t& wifajr§mufxm;wJh tm,efa'; tpdk;&udk
zd k ; armif [ m ol Y t ouf u d k & if ; NyD ; &G m aumif ; usKd ; csDvDppfAdkvfcsKyfBuD; yDEdkacs; u? vufeuftm;udk;eJY t"r®
&yf a umif ; usKd ; aqmif & G u f o G m ;cJ h o l / zd k ; armif [ m tmPmodrf;cJhygw,f/ 'Dwkef;u usef;rma&;csKdU,Gif;aewJh
ol&Jaumif; .../ EdkA,fqk&SifuAsm q&mBuD; yufbvdkeJ½l'g u ]zufqpf
zd;k armif 'Dvkd tepfemcHaqmif&u G cf w
hJ m[m &GmxJu awGwufvmNyD toifhjyifMu} qdkwJh pum;udk ajymcJhyg
olBudwfNyD; ydk;yrf;cJh&wJh uGrf;awmifudkif rav; twGuf w,f/ csv D D jynfoal wGukd ppf0g'DawG wufvmNyD owd&MSd u?
35
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

vufrcHMueJYqdkwJh t"dyÜg,frsKd; ajymcJhwmyg/ wapäraMumuf? ajrGraMumufbJ


tckvnf;yJ q&mBuD; rif;ok0Pf[m ]zdk;armif wpfa,mufwnf;yif nOfharSmifwGifü
vmNyD} uAsmudk 1962 -ck? 'DZifbmvrSm a&;cJh wmyg/ olvSsifig;&Sm? raußG;ygu
wdik ;f jynfu 'Dru kd a&pDenf;eJY wifajrm§ ufxm;wJh t&yfom; xdk&Gmolom;? vltrsm;wdkY
tpdk;&udk AdkvfcsKyfBuD;ae0if; acgif;aqmifwJh ppf0g'DawGu ig;pdk ig;pdrf; iwfayvdrfh/
t"r®tmPmodrf;,lwJh 1962 -ckESpfxJrSm 'DuAsmudk a&;
wmyg/ 'g[m wdkif;jynftay: ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm vufeufeJY aqmif;wpfnü
zdEydS tf yk cf sKyaf wmhr,ff ppf0g'DawG&UJ tEå&m,fukd usaemfwYkd csrf;jrpdrfhat;? vjcrf;auG;í
jynfoal wG odjrifEikd Mf uzdYk wrifa&;zGUJ cJw h mvdaYk um rqdEk ikd f &Gmab;usDysuf? arSmifeufeufrS
aybl;vm; .../ ppf0g'DawG&UJ &efu toufpeG Yf Ny;D tum ZD;uGufuatmf? awmufwJhaMumfpOf
tuG,fay;r,fh jynfolYol&Jaumif;awG ay:aygufzdkY ol&J &Gmay:vTrf;atmif? *kyfusm;a[mifonf
aumif;awG a&SUxGufwdkufyGJ0ifMuzdkY EId;aqmfwJhoabm zdk;armif vmcsdefygwum;/
vdkYaum rajymEdkifbl;vm;/
w&yf v H k ; w&G m vH k ; tck v k d p pf t mPm&S i f p epf odkYjzpfaomfjim;? cgwpfyg;odkY
atmufrSm 'ku©rsKd;pHkBuHKawGUaeMu&wJh tcsdefrSmawmh wcg;0ifvdk? ol rqdkbJ
zdk;armifvdk vlrsKd;awG ay:aygufvmzdkY? zdk;armifhpdwf"gwfrsKd; ]armif;udkxkyg? vlpkyga[h?
jyefjY ym;xGe;f um;zdYk trSew f u,fvt kd yfw,f qdw k mudak wmh &Gmudkab;rS? umuG,fMuavmh?
b,folrS rjiif;Edkifygbl;/ / "g;jyightm;? zrf;íxm;} [k
pum;rqHk;? [pfatmfwkef;wGif
'dkif;'kef;'def;oH &GmvHk;nHonf
zdk;armifvmNyD acsmif;,HyJhwifxyfownf;/

rdIif;ndKnOfh&dyf? vlajcwdwfí zdk;armifhed*Hk;? þwGifqHk;vnf;


a&qdyftem;? &GmwHcg;rS &GmvHk;pdwfwGif? zdk;armif0ifí
*kyfusm;us,favmif? qD;BudKa[mifaomf yJwifxyfum? [nf;vsufygwnfh
]zdk;armifvmNyD} qdkMuonf/ b,fcgrqdk? qD;vifhBudKodkY
a[mifoH&yfí rdIif;ndKnOfh&dyf? vlajcwdwfü
xufMuyfay:vm? toHrSmum; a&qdyftem;? &GmwHcg;rS
]ncgig;axmif? armifzdk;armifonf *kyfusm;us,favmif? &rf;a&mfa[mifaomf
&Gmawmifacsmif;u jyefcJhNyD} / ]zdk;armifvmNyD} qdkqJyif/ /

zdk;armifhoHMum;? uif;orm;u
wHcg;BuD;atmuf? rvG,faygufudk (5 - 12 - 62 )jr0wD r*¾Zif; Zefe0g&D? 1963/
wpfa,muf0ifom? zGifhvdkufygaomf
,mwGiftkyfaqmif;? 0Jwufacsmif;ESifh
cg;apmif;udk,fudkif;? ig;yvdkif;udk
( Nidrf;a0 )
vG,fodkif;NyD;vSsif? &Gmudk0ifonf
vlyifavvm;? wapävm;/

36
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

R vGecf ahJ om tESpf 40 pmayavmu/ r*~Zif;avmu tajc vli,fav;rsm;jzpf=uonf?wpfapmifwavom xkwfEdkif


taerSm ,ae@ESifhrwl? vGwfvyfa&;r&ao;/ t*Fvdyf udkvdkeD =u&Smonf? t&G,rf mS Z0e*sme,ft&G,?f ,ck0wˆKpmtkyf
acwfumvjzpfonf? ppf+y;D prd@k Edik if aH &; tajcaeu rwnf+ird ?f rsm;t&G , f ? pmrsuf ES m od y f r rsm;? 48rsuf E S m 0ef ; usif
trsK;d om;vGwaf jrmufa&;u t&Sed af umif;aeqJjzpfonf? ppf}u;D a&mif;aps;wpfusyf? xdktcguxGufaom tjcm;r*~Zif;wpf
apmifrmS ‘umwGe;f ¶kypf ’kH // xkwaf 0ol t,f'w D mrSm umwGe;f
t+yD; *syefacwfrS vGwaf jrmufvmcJ+h yD;jzpfI tarSmifru S if;I
udknDnD// ppfrjzpfrDuwnf;u xkwfa0cJhaompmapmif?
vif;tm ±k%af y:p =u,fe0D if;jyuf aumif;uifjymawmufvuf ppfjzpfcgeD; jzpfI odyf=um=umrxGufvdkuf&// pxkwfpOfu
eHeufcif;tcsed /f tm;opf&iì jf yjzifh Ed;k xae=uonf? umwGe;f ¶kypf rkH mS *sme,fxifonf// ol.tpfukd armifarmif
xdktcgu ,ae@uJhodk@ r*~Zif;awG tapmif 20ausmf r&Sd? (,ck b D b D p D o wif ; axmuf ) ES i f h ywf o uf I ud k n D n D E S i f h
0wˆKpmtkyaf wGuawmh xGuaf eonf? Z0e*sme,frmS vl}uKd uf cifrifomG ;jcif;jzpfonf// uíeaf wmhf ar0wˆKrsuEf mS zH;k udk udn k n D u D
rsm;aeonf? xdt k cgu Z0erSm [mo^m%f&iì f a0aeaom yef;csaD &;qGaJ y;onf// xkt d cgu xGuaf e=u aom 0wˆKrsuf
tcgjzpfonf? ESmzHk;rSm aºua&mif0wˆKtacsmay:wGif oHk;a&mifjc,fyef;
Z0e*sme,f. rsuEf mS zH;k wpfcw k iG f Z0e.yHk qHyif&n S f &Snf csjD zpfonf// ,ae@xu G af e=uaom 0wˆKrsuEf mS zH;k yHpk rH sK;d yif//
yGyyG w
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vl¶yk yf ¶kH yk af jymifq&JG mwGif o¶kyyf gonf? Z0e *sme,fwiG f vGwf yHEk ydS pf ufjzifh ¶du k =f uonf// xdt k cgurl ¶d;k ¶d;k bavmufo;kH ckjzifh
vyfa&;wdu k yf /JG zqyv Edik if aH &;v_y&f mS ; r_rsm;udk awG@Eikd of nf? oH;k a&mif¶u kd =f uonf// uíeaf wmfu aºua&mifpuULacsmyHpk u H kd
zqyvrSm vlxt k wGi;f wGif =oZm'Da& wufaeaomumv oabmrusI [dELN pwefac: puULtxlr;D cd;k a&mifwiG f udn k n D . D
vnf ; jzpf o nf ? zqyvOuU Ï Ad k v f c sKyf a tmif q ef ; u tzH;k yef;csu D kd a'gi;f jym a&mifac: pdr;f jyma&mifEiS hf teufEpS af &mif
Z0e*sme,fwGif o0%fvìma&;onf? zqyv taxGaxG ¶du
k af ponf//
twGi;f a&;rSL; ocifoef;xGe;f vnf; aqmif;yg;a&;onf? Z0e. xd k a cwf u ,if ; [d E N L pwef p uU L txl u d k wuU o d k v f
a&$0gqef0wˆKwiG f ocifoef;xGe;f u trSma&;&mwGif ‘Z0eonf r*~Zif;rsm;/ *Eœavmu r*~Zif;rsm;wGio f m tzH;k tjzpfo;kH onf//
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vli,frsm; jzpf=uao;onf? ppf+y;D tar&duefrS jyefvmcgp !kjd r ajymifjzpfonf// 37-vrf;&Sd umwGef;¶kyfpHkwGif udkapmodef;
uvnf; !kjd r*sme,fxw k af 0&ef a=ujimvdu k of nf? od@k aomf udkvnf; awG@&wwfonf// xdktcgu uíefawmfwdk@onf
bma=umifrh od xGurf vm? ausmif;om;rsm;jzpf=uao;onf// touf 20-t&G,/f / ppf+yD;
pmayqefqef r*~Zif;rsm;um; odyrf xGuv f m=u? opfqef; xkwaf 0aom umwGe;f ¶kypf w kH iG f uíeaf wmfonf pufu&d , d mESihf
trnf&dS r*~Zif;av;wpfapmifxu G v f monf? pmaytzG@J tEG@J vewforD;/ nwpfn paom uAsmrsm;ESihf tiwf trnf&dS
vSvu S av;rsm;udo k m ESpo
f ufopl mayo rm;rsm;u xkwaf 0 0wˆKwpfyk'fa&;ay; onf// udknDnDwdk@ESifh uíefawmf[m
=uonf? &Jacgi/f rd;k a0/ rif;&Sipf aom yGio hf pfppmayorm;rsm;. aqGrsKd;uJhodk@ cifrif&if; ESD;onf// umwGef;¶kyfpHkrSm =um=um
todik ;f t0dik ;f jzpfonf? olw@kd onf xdt k cg touf-20ausmf rxkwfvdkuf&yg// armifarmif/ nDnDwdk@.zcif ol&d,OD;b

vGefcJhaom tESpf 40ausmfu


r*~Zif;avmu
'*kefwm&m
37
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

uav;. orm"d owif;pm xGuaf y:vm.// xdo k wif;pmwGif {&m0wDoabFm rxGuaf o;ay// r[mrdww f ufp ppftpd;k &
0ifa&muf oGm;=u;[efwo l nf// udn k n D rD mS aemifwiG f &Siv f ;kH tkycf sKyfa&;yif &Sad eao;onf// yk*v ~ ud rsm;ckwf armif;aom
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41
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

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42
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

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43
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009
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44
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45
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46
trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

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trSwfpOf-96 azaz:0g&D 8-2009

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