Effects: Alpha Receptor General Vascular smooth muscle 1.Skin and skeletal muscle vessel constriction 2.

Splanchnic vessel constriction Gastrointest Myenteric Plexus Inhibition Genitourinary 1.Pregnant Uterus contraction 2.Penis and seminal Vesicle ejaculation Skin 1.Pilomotor smooth muscle contraction 2.Apocrine gland contraction Metabolic 1.Gluconeogenesis 2.Glycogenolysis Effects: Alpha 1 Receptors Vascular smooth muscle postsynaptic neurons Vasoconstriction Myocardium 1.Positive Inotrope 2.Negative Chronotrope Eye Radial muscle contraction Gastrointestinal and Genitourinary Sphincter (e.g. anus) contraction

Effects: Alpha 2 Receptors Peripheral Alpha 2 Receptors Vascular Smooth Muscle (mixed effect) 1.Modulates large vessel tone 2.Arteriolar and venous Vasoconstriction 3.Opposes alpha 1 receptor Vasoconstriction :Inhibits Norepinephrine release :Decreases adrenergic activity Gastrointestinal Smooth muscle wall relaxation Metabolic Fat Cell Lipolysis Central Alpha 2 Receptors (CNS) Inhibits Locus Ceruleus reflex arc Peripheral vasodilatation Medications: Alpha Adrenergics Alpha Adrenergic Agonist (Alpha Adrenergic Receptor) Alpha Non-Specific Epinephrine Norepinephrine Alpha 1 Selective Phenylephrine Methoxamine Alpha 2 Selective Clonidine (See Central Adrenergic Agonist), Alpha-methylnorepinephrine

Alpha Receptor Antagonist Alpha Non-Specific Phentolamine Alpha 1 Selective Prazosin (See Alpha Adrenergic Antagonist) Phenoxybenzamine Alpha 2 Selective Yohimbine
I.

. .

TolazolineBeta Receptor Effects A. Beta Receptor General Effects 1. Eye a. Relaxes Ciliary Muscle B. Beta 1 Receptor 1. Myocardium . Increases Myocardial Contractility a. Increases Heart Rate i. Accelerates sinoatrial node ii. Accelerates ectopic Pacemakers 2. Metabolic . Fat Cell Lipolysis a. KidneyRenin Release C. Beta 2 Receptor 1. Vessel . Vasodilatation 2. Lung . Bronchodilation 3. Genitourinary and Gastrointestinal . Bladder wall relaxes a. Pregnant Uterus relaxes 4. Metabolic . Liver gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis II. Medications: Beta Adrenergics . Beta Adrenergic Agonist (Beta Adrenergic Receptor) 1. Beta Non-Specific Isoproterenol a. Epinephrine 2. Beta 1 Selective Norepinephrine a. Dobutamine b. Prenalterol

3. Beta 2 Selective (See Bronchodilator) Fenoterol a. Albuterol b. Terbutaline c. Metaproterenol A. Beta Adrenergic Antagonist 1. Beta Non-specific Propranolol a. Timolol b. Nadolol c. Pindolol 2. Beta 1 Selective Metoprolol a. Acebutolol b. Alprenolol c. Atenolol d. Esmolol 3. Beta 2 Selective Butoxamine