By- Nishant Raj Durga Prasad Sharma Amarjeet Pathak

Low carbon steel has carbon content of 0.15% to 0.45%. As the carbon content increases, the metal becomes harder and stronger but less ductile and more difficult to weld The purpose of heat treatment is to soften the metal, to change the grain size, to modify the structure of the material and relive the stress set up in the material.

Annealing Normalizing Quenching Tempering

To check the mechanical properties of the material before and after heat treatment process. To calculate the mechanical properties of the material using two input variables, time and temperature. To check the variation in the mechanical properties of the material using theoretical and practical approaches.

Making Parts stronger

Crystal structure Elastic Deformation Ultimate tensile strength

Automobile industries Agriculture products Metallic industries Die-casting industries

The metal become more brittle.

Metal can be hardened and sharpened.

It also works in the plastic application. For making the blades, locks and, knives.

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T.S

30 20 10 0 1 HOUR 2 HOUR 3 HOUR 4 HOUR

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70 60 50 40 30 20
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0 2 HOURr 3 HOUR 4 HOUR

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50 40 30 20 10
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The annealing process prepared the mild steel for

further treatment

In the annealing process the whole structure becomes more homogenous in the chemical composition The process of normalizing removed the internal stress from the material. The process of normalizing the mild steel becomes more hard and strong but less ductile

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