ABCD Parameters

Introduction
Since a transmission line is symmetrical, the measurement of the open circuit and short circuit impedances is enough to determine the ABCD constants.

ABCD Parameters
In figure as shown below Vs and Vr represents the sending end voltage and receiving end voltage respectively Also the currents IS and IR are entering and leaving the network respectively. The two-port network has a pair of input terminals and a pair of output terminals. When a voltage Vs is supplied to input terminals, the input & output currents, Is and Ir, flow & an output voltage Vr is produced. There are therefore 4 variable quantities Vs, Is,Vr and Ir for a two-port network. If the elements are supposed to be linear, then there are a number of ways in which we can write the relationships. One such way is termed ABCD parameters the sending end voltage and current are then defined in terms of the ABCD parameters as Eq. (2.1)

Eq. (2.2)
From (2.1) we see that

Eq. (2.3)

This implies that A is the ratio of sending end voltage to the open circuit receiving end voltage. This quantity is dimension less. Similarly,

Eq. (2.4)

i.e., B , given in Ohm, is the ratio of sending end voltage and short circuit receiving end current. In a similar way we can also define

Eq. (2.5)

Eq. (2.6)
The parameter D is dimension less.

Two port representation of a transmission network.

Title: < ABCD Parameters> Description: < Since a transmission line is symmetrical, the measurement of the open circuit and short circuit impedances is enough to determine the ABCD constants > Question:1. Write a short note on ABCD Parameter? 2. Explain ABCD parameter?