Professional Documents
Culture Documents
A World of Their Own: A History of South African Women's Education
A World of Their Own: A History of South African Women's Education
Meghan Healy-Clancy
iii
Contents
Introduction 1
CHAPTER ONE
Social Reproduction in the Making of a ‘Benevolent
Empire’: 1835–1885 18
CHAPTER TWO
Domestic Revolutions and the Feminisation of
Schooling in Natal: 1885–1910 53
CHAPTER THREE
New African Women’s Work in Segregationist South
Africa: 1910–1948 87
CHAPTER FOUR
Education Policy and the Gendered Making of Separate
Development: 1948–1976 120
CHAPTER FIVE
Educated African Women in a Time of Political
Revolution: 1976–1994 163
Epilogue 191
v
Notes 200
Bibliography 265
Index 294
vi
INTRODUCTION
Introduction
1
A WORLD OF THEIR OWN
2
INTRODUCTION
Figures 1 and 2
Inanda Township and Inanda Seminary, September 2008. (Photographs by
the author)
3
A WORLD OF THEIR OWN
* * *
4
INTRODUCTION
5
A WORLD OF THEIR OWN
6
INTRODUCTION
7
A WORLD OF THEIR OWN
Guy and Shula Marks have built upon this work, revealing gender
relations as constitutive of pre-colonial, colonial and apartheid
governance.22 To engage Hanretta’s evocative phrase, their work has
begun to explore how ‘women’s power and women’s marginality were
structurally linked’.23
Bozzoli opened up a new conversation, in which transformations
in production and social reproduction emerged as mutually
constitutive. Here she provided the signal South African contribution
to a global dialogue. As American feminist sociologists Barbara Laslett
and Johanna Brenner said in their classic 1989 statement, ‘Renewing
life is a form of work, a kind of production, as fundamental to the
perpetuation of society as the production of things.’ From this vantage
point, ‘societal reproduction includes not only the organization of
production but the organization of social reproduction, and the
perpetuation of gender as well as class relations’. 24 Feminist
geographers, sociologists and political economists have emphasised how
economic transformations engender changes in regimes of care. They
have zeroed in on this neoliberal moment as a time of growing burdens
for women, as states outsource core functions to households.25 By
considering the politics of social reproduction that drove the expansion
of young women’s schooling in the most oppressive years of one of
the world’s most oppressive societies, this book offers a locally rooted
historical perspective on the global feminisation of education and
service professions.
* * *
8
INTRODUCTION
9
A WORLD OF THEIR OWN
10
INTRODUCTION
11
A WORLD OF THEIR OWN
12
INTRODUCTION
* * *
13
A WORLD OF THEIR OWN
14
INTRODUCTION
15
A WORLD OF THEIR OWN
16
INTRODUCTION
17