Column Piping

TRAINING MANUAL- PIPING
PIPING STUDY COLUMN PIPING

CONTENTS
DOC No. : 29040-PI-UPS-1003 Rev. Page : R0 : 1
Uhde India Limited
Page 0.0 Cover Sheet List of drawings 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 Introduction Distillation Required Information Sequence of column Piping Study Nozzle Orientation and Level Access and Maintenance Facility Platforms and Ladders 1 2-3 4 4-6 6-7 7-9 9 - 10 10 11
Applicable Revision: Prepared:
Checked:
Approved:
Date: First Edition: R0 Prepared: AKB
Date: Checked: TNG
Date: Approved: RUD
Date: File Name: LB1003 Date: Server: PUNE: KUMUS 207 Date: VKO: KUMUS 209

PIPING STUDY COLUMN PIPING LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS SR.NO. DWG.NO.
1 2 3 CLP1 CLP2 CLP3
Uhde India Limited
DESCRIPTION
SCHEMATIC - PROCESS OF DISTILLATION TOWER CRUDE DISTILLATION OF PRODUCTS ACROSS TEMPERATURE RANGE FLOW DIAGRAM OF ABSORPTION-STRIPPING SYSTEM FOR HYDROCARBON RECOVERY FROM GASEOUS MIXTURE SCHEMATIC PROCESS OF FRACTIONATION TOWER VACUUM TOWER & STRIPPER TRAYED TOWER PACKED TOWER COUNTER FLOW (SIEVE & VALVE PLATE DISPERSORS) CROSS FLOW - TRAY DETAILS TRAY TYPES BY LIQUID PATHS PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM IN TOWER AREA SAMPLE PIPING AND INSTRUMENTATION DIAGRAM AROUND A COLUMN EVALUATION OF THE FLOW DIAGRAM FOR A DISTILATION COLUMN TO VISUALISE AN ORDERLY ARRANGEMENT OF PIPING TYPICAL PIPIERACK CROSS-SECTION OF A TOWER AREA TYPICAL NOZZLE LOCATION AND PLATFORM ELEVATIONS PLATFORM WIDTH REQUIREMENTS TYPICAL PLATFORM ORIENTATION DETAILS OF CIRCULAR PLATFORM BRACKET SPACINGS TOWER PLATFORM AND LADDER REQUIREMENTS TYPICAL PLATFORM ARRANGEMENT ELEVATION
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
CLP4 CLP5 CLP6 CLP7 CLP8 CLP9 CLP10 CLP11 CLP12 CLP13
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
CLP14 CLP15 CLP16 CLP17 CLP18 CLP19 CLP20 CLP21 CLP22 CLP23 CLP24 CLP25 CLP26 CLP27 CLP28
DETAILS OF A TYPICAL DISTILLATION COLUMN DETAILS OF TOWER SKIRT TYPICAL TOWER AREA DIVISION FACILITIES TYPICAL TOWER PIPING SUPPORT FOR VARIOUS
TYPICAL ARRANGEMENT OF EXTERNAL PIPING AROUND COLUMN TYPICAL RELIEF VALVE SYSTEM OPEN AND CLOSED SYSTEM PIPING G.A. FOR COLUMN REBOILER PUMP NOTES FOR PIPING G.A. FOR COLUMN REBOILER PUMP

PIPING STUDY COLUMN PIPING DESCRIPTION
Uhde India Limited
SR.NO. DWG.NO.
29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 CLP29 CLP30 CLP31 CLP32 CLP33 CLP34 CLP35 CLP36 CLP37 CLP38 CLP39 CLP40 CLP41
TYPICAL OPERATOR ACCESS NET POSITIVE SUCTION HEAD (NPSH) PUMP TYPICAL TOWER PIPING ARRANGEMENT
OF BOTTOMS
TYPICAL PLAN AND ELEVATION VIEW OF TOWER AREA REBOILER CONNECTION ARRANGEMENT FOR KETTLE REBOILERS TYPICAL INSTRUMENT VESSEL TYPICAL ARRANGEMENT FOR LEVEL INSTRUMENT TYPICAL TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE INSTRUMENT NOZZLE LOCATION TYPICAL TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE INSTRUMENT ARRANGEMENTS TYPICAL COMMON BRIDLE-LEVEL INSTRUMENT ARRANGEMENT TYPICAL TOWER DAVIT ARRANGEMENT TYPICAL TOWER TROLLEY BEAM ARRANGEMENT

Uhde India Limited
1.0
INTRODUCTION Piping study for the column should start after complete understanding of the following document:
a) b) c) d) e)
f) g)
Technical specification of the column P&ID Unit Plot Plan Basic Engineering document highlighting the specific process requirement, platform requirement and guidelines for the general arrangement of piping around the column. Details of internal arrangements e.g. for packed type - the packing height, packing support and manhole / hand hole locations, and for tray type - the nos. of tray, type of tray, downcomer location, manhole location etc. Instrument data sheet. Line list with operating / design conditions of the fluid.
1.1
Some understanding of the process function will facilitate the piping study to meet the requirements of operation, maintenance, safety and the aesthetics. Various types of column with their varying functions are in use for refinery and Petrochemical industry. Generally they are distinguished based on the specific operation for mass transfer viz. Distillation, Absorption - stripping or Fractionation etc.
2.0 DISTILLATION The distillation is separation of the constituents of a liquid mixture via partial vaporisation of the mixture and separate recovery of vapour and residue. Various kinds of devices called plates or trays are used to bring the two phases into intimate contact. The trays are stacked one above the other and enclosed in a cylindrical shell to form a column. The feed material, which is to be separated into fractions, is introduced at one or more points along the column shell. Due to difference in gravity between liquid and vapour phases, the liquid runs down the column, cascading from tray to tray, while vapour goes up the column contacting the liquid at each tray. The liquid reaching the bottom of the column is partially vaporised in a heated reboiler to provide reboil vapour , which is sent back up the column. The remainder of the bottom liquid is withdrawn as the bottom product. The vapour reaching the top of column is cooled and condensed to a liquid in the overhead condenser. Part of this liquid is returned to the column as reflux to provide liquid overflow and to control the temperature of the fluids in the upper portion of the tower. The remainder of the overhead stream is withdrawn as the overhead or distillate product. The Typical distillation process tower is illustrated in Fig.CLP-1 and crude distillation of products across temperature range is illustrated in Fig.CLP-2.

Uhde India Limited
2.1 ABSORPTION AND STRIPPING Many operations in petrochemical plants require the absorption of components from gas streams into lean oils or solvents. The resultant rich oil is then stripped or denuded of the absorbed materials. The greatest use of this operation utilises hydrocarbon materials, but the principles are applicable to other systems provided adequate equilibrium data is available. A typical flow diagram of absorption-stripping system for hydrocarbon recovery from gaseous mixture is illustrated in Fig. CLP-3.
2.2 FRACTIONATION A fractionation column is a type of still. A simple still starts with mixed liquids, such as alcohol and water produced by fermenting grain etc. and by boiling produces a distillate in which the concentration of alcohol is many times higher than in feed. In petroleum industry, mixtures of not only two but a lot many components are dealt with. Crude oil is a typical feed for a fractionation column and from it, the column can form simultaneously several distillates such as wax distillate, gas oil, heating oil, naptha and fuel gas. These fractions are termed cuts. The feed is heated in a furnace before it enters the column. As the feed enters the column, quantities of vapour are given off by flashing due to release of pressure on the feed. As the vapours rise up the column, they come into intimate contact with down flowing liquid. During this contact, some of the heavier components of the vapour are condensed and some of the higher components of the down flowing liquid are vaporised. This process is termed refluxing. If the composition of the feed remains the same and the column is kept in steady operation, a temperature distribution establishes in the column. The temperature at any tray is the boiling point of the liquid on the tray. 'Cuts' are not taken from every tray. The P&ID will show cuts that are to be made, including alternatives. Nozzles on selected trays are piped and nozzles for alternate operation are provided with line blinds or valves. The fractionator tower is illustrated in Fig.CPL-4. The typical vacuum tower and stripper is illustrated in Fig.CLP-5. Stripper is used to strip lighter materials from bottom of a main or a vacuum tower distilling crude bottom residue under vacuum. 2.3 INTERNALS Columns based on internal details are often called as either Plate Columns. Columns or Packed
Plate Column: The lighter hydrocarbons vaporise and flow up through the holes in the tray plate, making contact with the liquids on that tray. Tray types are: Bubble Cap trays, Valve trays, Sieve trays Bubble Cap Trays: Bubbling action effects contact. Vapour rises up through 'risers' into bubble cap, out through slots as bubbles into surrounding liquid on tray. Liquid flow over caps, outlet weir and downcomer to tray below.

Uhde India Limited
Valve Trays: Commonly used valve trays are stamped out by big press and these trays come with small valves attached to them which allow vapour traffic. Sieve Trays: Sieve trays are perforated flat plates. They are inexpensive for small diameter vessels but large diameter towers must have extensive supports for these trays. Sieve trays are used for heavy hydrocarbon fractionation. All trays have foam on top of liquid. The height of the foam will vary with the process. Foam may rise a foot or more above the tray liquid. Liquid-gas contacting is made effective through the above trays by cross-flow or counter flow. In counter flow plates, liquid and gas utilise the same openings for flow, thus there are no downcomers. Perforated plate with liquid cross flow (sieve plate) is the commonly specified tray. These two types of flow is illustrated in Fig.CLP - 8. The two most commonly used types of tower viz. the trayed and packed arrangements are illustrated in Fig.CLP-6 and Fig.CLP-7 respectively. 3.0 REQUIRED INFORMATION The basic document listed in Cl.1.0 shall be studied thoroughly for conceptual arrangement of piping around a column. 3.1 The basic layout and general engineering specifications describe : The minimum access, walkways, platforms width and headroom requirements. Handling facilities for tower internals, manhole covers, line blinds, relief valves. Maximum rise of ladders. Pipe-system requirements, such as open or closed relieving systems. Minimum line-size and required hose-stations. Access to valves and instruments. Design Standards show: Details of ladder dimensions Ladder and platform position (Step through or side step landings) Toe-plate, handrail and safety-gate details. P&ID and Technical specification of column provide : Process data showing interconnected equipment and piping. Pipe sizes and pipeline components. Steam tracing and insulation thickness. Tower elevations and differences in related equipment levels. Plot Plan gives: The physical location of a column and its relationship to other equipment. Main access. Main pipe run or pipe rack. Location of pumps. A typical cross-section of a piperack running through the tower area of a refinery type plant is illustrated in Fig.CLP-14.
3.2
3.3
3.4

Uhde India Limited
A typical plan of equipments located in the refinery type of plants highlighting the maintenance access is illustrated in Fig.CLP-32. 3.5 Instrument standard shows: The location of instrument connections to tower for gauges, level controllers and level alarms. Location of pressure and temperature connections without orientation. The instrumentation systems around the tower are depicted in the P&ID. Fabrication drawing / detail dimensional drg. of column provides : Diameter and height of column. Details and dimensions of internals. Manhole Process-piping connections in elevation (without orientation) Drum, pump, exchanger drawings giving details of adjacent process equipment or equipment supported on column itself. An integrated piping study should be developed from the above information. The piping study should take care of all the general recommendations of piping arrangement around the column and its related equipment and facilities as illustrated in Fig.CLP-25 "Typical arrangement of external piping around column"
3.6
4.0 4.1
SEQUENCE OF COLUMN PIPING STUDY All available information / data from Equipment specification and P&ID shall be written on the elevation view of the column as illustrated in Fig.CLP-12, CLP-13 & CLP-15. The designer now starts thinking about the proper orientation of nozzles and provisions for access to the points of operation and maintenance. Considerations of the pipeline leaving the tower area and the adjacent piping shall be visualised. The first step is to orient the manholes preferably all in same directions. Normally, manholes shall be oriented towards dropout area within a 30 segment of column as this facilitates the lowering of tower internals to the main access way. The manhole segment of platform should not be occupied by any piperack. A break in ladder rise (normal 5m, maximum 7m) will occupy another segment of column for platform. The levels of platforms are to be decided on the elevation view based on the manholes and access to relief valves, instrument for viewing. All platform levels in the proper segments of the tower with ladder location should be drawn on plan view. The manhole shall be shown in proper segment with the angle of orientation, and the space for the swing of manhole cover taking davit hinge as centre. Layout should be started from the top of the column with the designer visualising the layout as a whole. There will be no difficulty in dropping large overhead line straight down the side of a column, and leaves the column at a high level and crosses directly to the condenser. This clears a segment at lower elevations for piping or for a ladder from grade level to the first platform.
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8

Uhde India Limited 4.9
Flexibility and thermal load connected with the large-dia overhead lines to the condenser at grade level or higher level shall be considered. The relief valve protecting the tower is usually connected to the overhead line. A relief valve discharging to atmosphere should be located on the highest tower platform. In a closed relief-line system, the relief-valve should be located on the lowest tower platform above the relief -system header. This will result in the shortest relief-valve discharge leads to the flare header. The entire relief-line system should be self-draining.
4.10 From layout point of view, it is preferable to space the platform brackets on the tower equally and to align the brackets over each other for the entire length of the tower. This will minimise interferences between piping and structural members. 4.11 Nozzles and piping must meet process requirements while platforms must satisfy maintenance and operating needs. Access for tower piping, valves and instruments influence placement of ladders. 4.12 In routing pipelines, the problem is faced to interconnected tower nozzles with other remote points. The tentative orientation of a given tower nozzle is on the line between tower centre and the point to which the line is supposed to run. Segments for piping going to equipment at grade e.g. condenser and reboiler lines are available between ladders and both sides of manhole. See the Fig. CLP-21 / 31 for overall orientation of a distillation column. Line approaching the yard/piperack can turn left or right depending on the overall arrangement of the plant. The respective segments of these lines are between the ladders and 180. The segment at 180 is convenient for lines without valves and instruments, because this is the point farthest from manhole platforms. The sequence of lines around the tower is influenced by conditions at grade level. Piping arrangements without lines crossing over each other give a neat appearance and usually a more convenient installation. 4.13 The correct relationship between process nozzles and tower internals is very important. An angle is usually chosen between the radial centreline of internals and tower-shell centrelines. By proper choice of this angle (usually 45 or 90 to the piperack) many hours of work and future inconvenience can be saved. Tower piping, simplicity of internal piping and manholes access into the tower are affected by this angle. After this, the information produced by the designer results in selecting the correct orientation of tower nozzles. 4.14 A davit usually handles heavy equipment such as large-size relief valves and large-diameter blinds. If the davit is at the top of the tower, it can also serve for lifting and lowering tower internals to grade. Clearance for the lifting tackle to all points from which handling is required, and good access should be provided. 4.15 Very often, interpretation of process requirements inside a tower is more exact than for exterior piping design. The location of an internal part determines, within strict physical limits, the location of tower nozzles, instruments, piping and the steelwork. The layout designer have to concentrate on a large-scale drawing of tower-internal details and arrangement of process piping to finalise the piping study. 4.16 Access, whether internal or external is very important. This includes accessibility of connections from ladders and platforms and internal accessibility through shell manholes, handholes or removable sections of trays. A manhole openings must not be obstructed by internal piping.

Uhde India Limited
4.17 Reboiler-line elevations are determined by the draw off and return nozzles and their orientation is influenced by thermal flexibility considerations. Reboiler lines and the overhead lines should be as simple and direct as possible. 4.18 Fig.CLP-23 shows the segments of tower circumference allotted to piping, nozzles, manholes, platform brackets and ladders as normally recommended to develop a well-designed layout. 5.0 NOZZLE ORIENTATION AND LEVEL Nozzles are located at various levels on the tower to meet the process and intstrumentation requirements. 5.1 MANHOLES Nozzles are to be oriented keeping provision for maintenance and operation needs. Manholes are usually located at bottom, top and intermediate sections of tower. These access nozzles must not be located at the downcomer sections of the tower or the seal pot sections of the tower. Where internal piping is arranged over a tray, manhole shall be provided but it should be ensured that the internals do not block the maintenance access through the manhole. Possible location of manhole and handholes within the angular limits of b are illustrated in detail-2 of Fig.CLP-21 5.2 REBOILER CONNECTIONS Reboiler connections are normally located at the bottom section of the tower. Detail-1 of Fig.CLP-21 shows reboiler draw-off connections for single-flow tray. This connection can be very important for arranging tray orientation. The simplest, most economical location for reboiler connections with the alternative location within the angular limits of a is shown. The angle a depends on the size of reboiler draw off nozzle and the width of the boot (dimension 'b') at the tray down flow. The return connection from the thermosyphon reboilers is shown in detail-1 of Fig.CLP-21. These lines should be as simple and as direct as possible, consistant with the requirements of thermal flexibility. For horizontally mounted thermosyphon reboiler, the draw off nozzle is located just below the bottom tray and for vertically mounted recirculating thermosyphon reboiler, the draw off nozzle is located at the bottom head. For both the systems, the return nozzles are located just above the liquid level as shown in Fig.CLP-33. 5.3 REFLUX CONNECTIONS Reflux nozzles are provided with internal pipes that discharge the liquid into the sealpot of the tray below. Detail 3 of Fig.CLP-21 shows the reflux connections. Care must be taken that the horizontal leg of the internal pipe clears the tops of bubble caps or weirs. It must be ensured that the internal pipe can be fabricated for easy removal through a manhole or can be fabricated inside the tower shell.

Uhde India Limited 5.4 OVERHEAD CONNECTIONS
The vapour outlet nozzle is usually a vertical nozzle on the top head of tower. In addition, the vent and relief valve could be located on the top head with a typical platform arrangement for access to vent, instrument connections and top manhole. In a closed relief line system, relief valve should be located on the lowest tower platform above the relief system header. This will result in the shortest relief valve discharge leads. The entire relief line system should be self draining. 5.5 BOTTOM CONNECTIONS The liquid outlet is located on the bottom head of the tower. If the tower is supported on skirt, the nozzle is routed outside the skirt as shown in Fig.CLP-22. The elevation and orientation of this line is generally dictated by the pump NPSH requirement and the pump suction line flexibility. (see Fig.CLP-30) 5.6 TEMPERATURE & PRESSURE INSTRUMENT CONNECTIONS / LEVEL INSTRUMENTS The temperature and pressure instrument connections are located throughout the tower. The temperature probe must be located in a liquid space and the pressure connection in a vapour space as shown in Fig.CLP 37. The level instruments are located in the liquid section of the tower usually at the bottom. The elevation of the nozzles is decided by the amount of liquid being controlled or measured and by standard controller and guage glass lengths. Level controllers must be operable from grade or platform and level guages / switches may be from a ladder if no platform is available. Fig.CLP-35, 36, 37, 38, 39 illustrates a few instrument connections on tower. 6.0 6.1 ACCESS AND MAINTENANCE FACILITY Access whether internal or external is very important. This includes accessibility of connections from ladders and platforms and internal accessibility through shell manholes, handholes or removable sections of trays. Tower maintenance is usually limited to removal of exterior items (e.g. relief or control valves) and interior components (e.g. trays or packing rings) Handling of these items is achieved by fixed devices (e.g. davits or trolley beams) or by mobile equipment (e.g. cranes). When davits or beams are used, they are located at the top of the tower, accessible from a platform and designed to lower the heaviest removable item to a specific drop out area at grade level. When mobile equipment is used, a clear space must be provided at the back (side opposite to piperack) of the tower that is accessible from plant auxiliary road. Fig.CLP-16, 25, 29, 32 illustrates the access and maintenance facilities to be considered in the piping arrangement around a tower. On free-standing columns, access for major maintenance to insulation or painting will usually require the erection of temporary scaffolding. Space for scaffolding at grade level and provision of cleats on the shell to facilitate scaffold erection should be considered. 6.3 Utility stations of two services viz. steam and air are usually provided on maintenance platforms. Steam and air risers should be located during piping study to keep adequate cleats for support. (see Fig.CLP-20)
6.2

Uhde India Limited 7.0 7.1
PLATFORMS AND LADDERS Platforms on towers are required for access to valves, instruments, blinds and maintenance accesses. Platforms are normally circular and supported by brackets attached to the side of the tower. Generally, access to platforms is by ladder. Fig.CLP-19 illustrates the platform requirements.
7.2 Platform elevations for towers are set by the items that require operation and maintenance. The maximum ladder run should not exceed 7m. 7.3 Platform widths are dictated by operator access. The clear space on platform width shall be min.900mm. For platforms with control stations, the width of platform shall be 900mm plus the width of control station. The platform for manholes and maintenance access, adequate space for swing the cover flange flange must be provided. 7.4 Top-head platforms for access to vents, instruments and relief valves are supported on head by trunions. 7.5 Access between towers may be connected by common platforming. 7.6 It is preferrable to space platform brackets on tower equally and to align brackets over each other over the entire length of shell. This minimises the structural design and interferences from piping. 7.7 On very wide platforms or those that support heavy piping loads, knee bracing is required in addition to the usual platform steel. The potential obstruction immediately under the knee brace must be kept in mind during platform design. 7.8 Fig.CLP 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 illustrates a few platform considerations.
TRAINING MANUAL - PIPING PIPING STUDY COLUMN PIPING
DOC NO. : 29040-PI-UPS-1003 Rev. : R0 : 1 OF 1

DWG. NO. : CLP1
Uhde India Limited

DISTILLATION
Page
SCHEMATIC PROCESS OF DISTILLATION TOWER

CONDENSER
REFLUX TRAY VAPOUR PRODUCT
RECTIFICATION SECTION
Vr
Lr
RECEIVER DRUM
DISTILLATE PRODUCT FEED FEED TRAY
Vs STRIPPING SECTION
Ls
DIRECT STEAM TO BOTTOMS PRODUCT
REBOILER
BOTTOMS PRODUCT
BOTTOMS PUMP

DWG. NO. : CLP2
Uhde India Limited
Page
CRUDE DISTILLATION OF PRODUCTS ACROSS TEMPERATURE RANGE

90F (32C) BUTANE AND LIGHTER GAS
80F-220F (32C-104C)
STRAIGHT RUN GASOLINE
220F-315F (104C-157C)
NAPHTHA
CRUDE OIL
315F-450F (157C-232C)
KEROSENE
450F-650F (232C-343C)
LIGHT GAS OIL
650F-800F (343C-427C)
HEAVY GAS OIL
800F+ (427C)+
STRAIGHT RUN RESIDUE
WITH THE RISE IN TEMPERATURE OF CRUDE OIL, INITIAL BOILING POINT IS REACHED. THE LIGHTEST MATERIAL, BUTANE IS PRODUCED FIRST, JUST BELOW 100F (38C). THE HEAVIEST MATERIALS ARE PRODUCED BELOW 800F (427C). THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE DIFFERENT PRODUCTS AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURE RANGES ARE SHOWN ABOVE.

DWG. NO. : CLP3
Uhde India Limited
Page
ABSORPTION & STRIPPING
FLOW DIAGRAM OF ABSORPTION-STRIPPING SYSTEM FOR HYDROCARBON RECOVERY FROM GASEOUS MIXTURE
OFFGAS
1 2 3
PREHEATER CONDENSOR
ABSORBER
COOLER
STRIPPER
RAW GASOLINE
LEAN OIL WET GAS
3 2 1 STRIPPING STEAM
TO FINISHING
RICH OIL

DWG. NO. : CLP4
Uhde India Limited
Page
FRACTIONATION
SCHEMATIC PROCESS OF FRACTIONATION TOWER
STILL-5
150F 65C 160F 70C 170F 75C 180F 80C 195F 90C REFLUX RETURN LINE
STILL-4
STILL-3
CONDENSER
STILL-2
STILL-1
RECEIVER
FEED FURNACE
PUMP BOTTOMS PRODUCT 150F(65C)

DWG. NO. : CLP5
Uhde India Limited
Page
VACUUM TOWER & STRIPPER
VACUUM TOWER
STRIPPER

DWG. NO. : CLP6
Uhde India Limited
Page
TRAYED TOWER
OVERHEAD
MAINTENANCE ACCESS
REFLUX
TRAY
MAINTENANCE ACCESS
DRAN OFF CHIMNEY
FEED
REBOILER DRAWOFF
REBOILER RETURN
LEVEL INSTRUMENTS MAINTENANCE ACCESS
BOTTOMS

DWG. NO. : CLP7
Uhde India Limited
Page
PACKED TOWER
GAS OUTLET
LIQUID INLET
LIQUID DISTRIBUTOR
PACKING
PACKING SUPPORT BODY FLANGE
MAINTENANCE ACCESS (TYP)
GAS INLET
LEVEL INSTRUMENTS
LIQUID OUTLET

DWG. NO. : CLP8
Uhde India Limited
Page
LIQUID
LIQUID
VAPOUR
VAPOUR
CROSS FLOW
COUNTER CURRENT FLOW
COUNTER FLOW
GAS FLOW
HOLES DRILLED OR PUNCHED 2"-4"
SIEVE PLATE DISPERSORS
VALVE CLOSED
FROTH VALVE OPEN
GAS FLOW HOLES PUNCHED 2"-4"
VALVE PLATE DISPERSORS

DWG. NO. : CLP9
Uhde India Limited
Page
CROSS FLOW
PERFORATED PLATE WITH LIQUID CROSS FLOW (THE SIEVE PLATE) IS COMMONLY SPECIFIED TRAY FOR NEW DESIGNER
DOWN FLOW
CROSS FLOW
REVERSE FLOW
DOUBLE PASS
DOUBLE PASS CASCADE
FOUR PASS
TRAY ABOVE
SPLASH BAFFLE
DOWN COMER AREA
ACTIVE or BUBBLING AREA
DOWNCOMER APRON
FROTH FOAM
TRAY BELOW
DOWN COMER AREA
CLEAR LIQUID

DWG. NO. : CLP10
Uhde India Limited
Page
TRAY TYPES BY LIQUID PATHS
WEIR LIQUID FLOW CAP AREA CAP AREA CAP AREA
INLET DOWNCOMER (WITH or WITHOUT WEIR or SEAL BOX)
OUTLET DOWNCOMER
DOWNCOMER
DOWNCOMER
OUTLET DOWNCOMER
INLET DOWNCOMER
INLET DOWNCOMER
INLET DOWNCOMER
BAFFLE CAP AREA WEIR CAP AREA CAP AREA
OUTLET DOWNCOMER
OUTLET DOWNCOMER
OUTLET DOWNCOMER
TRAY PAIRS (a) INLET VIEW (a)
(b) OUTLET VIEW REVERSE FLOW DOUBLE PASS
(b)
DOUBLE PASS CASCADE

DWG. NO. : CLP11
Uhde India Limited
Page
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM IN TOWER AREA
OVERHEAD CONDENSER
TRIM COOLER
TOWER REFLUX DRUM
FEED
PRODUCT
REBOILER
BOTTOMS PUMPS
REFLUX PUMPS

DWG. NO. : CLP12
Uhde India Limited
Page
SAMPLE PIPING AND INSTRUMENTATION DIAGRAM AROUND A COLUMN
P-100-18" TO FLARE RELIEF VALVE HEADER RV-100-4" RV TI 3"x4" TIC 100 11/2"VENT 10" 6" P-107-8" GRAVITY FEED 1 T-100 STRIPPER 15 16 P-101-3" 105-E OVERHEAD CONDENSER (AIR COOLER)
PT 101 TE 101
PT 102 TE 102 FEED P-102-6"
CWR-100-8" 6"(TYP.) CW-100-8"
FE 101
FCV 101
P-104-10"
PT 103 27
FE 100 FCV 100 P-108-6" PT 104 LC 102 LC 101 3"DRAIN LG 101 LG 102 P-110-4" 2"DRAIN 1"STEAM OUT
6"(TYP.) 2"
S-100-6" 8" 8" T C-100-4" TE 103
P-103-10" 1"STEAM OUT 100E-REBOILER
105-D REFLUX DRUM
FCV 101 2"
FE 101 PRODUCT
BOTTOMS P-106-4" PIC 101 3"(TYP.) PIC 101
P-105-6" PIC 100 STRAINER(TYP.) 4"(TYP.) 3"(TYP.) 103-PB BOTTOMS PUMP 104-PA REFLUX PUMP 2"(TYP.) PIC 100
P-109-3"
P-109-3"
STRAINER(TYP.)
103-PA BOTTOMS PUMP
104-PB REFLUX PUMP
NOTE: REFER CLP31 FOR TYPICAL PIPING.
: 29040-PI-UPS-1003 : RO
COLUMN PIPING
: 1 OF 1
: CLP13
EVALUATION OF THE FLOW DIAGRAM FOR A DISTILLATION COLUMN TO VISUALISE AN ORDERLY ARRANGEMENT OF PIPING
POSITION THE RELIEF VALVE ON A LOWER ELEVATED PLATFORM, BUT ABOVE THE RELIEF-LINE HEADER IN THE PIPE RACK.NOTE THAT A CLOSED RELIEF LINE SYSTEM IS SPECIFIED. RV TI 4"
FR
PRC
DROP THE OVERHEAD LINE ALONG THE TOWER. ORIFICE CAN BE IN THE VERTICAL RUN, ACCESSIBLE FROM A LOWER ELEVATED PLATFORM TAIL GAS PROVIDE PLATFORM FOR LINE BLIND, VENT AND INSTRUMENTS. LOCATE HANDLING DAVIT, IF REQUIRED, AND MAKE IT ACCESSIBLE FROM THIS PLATFORM. FRC FR 6"
6"
130F 190psig
4' (14 TRAYSx27" SPACING)
PROVIDE AN ACCESS PLATFORM FOR ALL MANHOLES THAT ARE 12ft OR HIGHER ABOVE GRADE. USE THIS MANHOLE PLATFORM FOR ACCESS TO VALVES, LINE BLINDS, AND INSTRUMENTS. ARRANGE THE TOWER, EXCHANGER AND PUMP ADJACENT TO EACH OTHER FOR A SHORT PUMP CIRCUIT.
31'-6"
MANHOLES BETWEEN TRAYS 5-6& 10-11
POSITION OF THE ORIFICE AND THE CONTROL SET AT GRADE, AFTER THE EXCHANGER-SHELL OUTLET. E-11 11,500,000Btu/h 2 SHELLS
4" 115F TI TI 115F ELEVATE THE TOWER ACCORDING TO THE REQUIRED NPSH AND SUCTION LINE LOSS. ARRANGE SUCTION LINE TO PUMP LOCATED BELOW THE PIPE RACK. E-10 26,000,000 Btu/h 4" 400F 4"
3 15
6"
130F 115F TI 5
8"
6 29 FR 8" 15' LA 12'-6" 8" P-23 13,000 bbl/(STREAM)(d) 42.5API 7 LG 134F 195psig 30
P-22 11,200 bbl/(STREAM)(d) 39API 3"
ARRANGE THE STRAIGHT RUN FOR ORIFICE. PROVIDE ACCESS TO 8in BLIND (INVESTIGATE HANDLING OF BLIND). THE LINE APPROACHES FROM THE OVERHEAD CONDENSER AND REFLUX DRUM OF ANOTHER TOWER.
130.7 MOLES/H 38.3 MOLECULAR WEIGHT 5000 Ib./h
8"
31'-6"
E-12 950,000Btu/h
(14 TRAYSx27" SPACING)
MANHOLES BETWEEN TRAYS 20-21& 25-26
10'
DOC NO. : 29040-PI-UPS-1003 Rev. : RO : 1 OF 1

DWG. NO. : CLP14
Uhde India Limited
Page
TYPICAL PIPERACK CROSS-SECTION OF A TOWER AREA
LINES BOTH ENDS HIGHER THAN TOP YARD BANK LOCATED IN HIGHER LEVEL
TOWER
2000 TO 3000 SINGLE BAY OF 6000 OR 8000 2000 TO 3000 WHERE REQUIREMENT EXCEEDS THE ABOVE TWO TIERS OF 6000 RECOMMENDED. FLARE HEADER WHERE IT IS REQUIRED AT HIGHER ELEVATION EXPANSION LOOPS 730 TO 1000
TOWER
DEPENDING ON MAX. PIPE DIA DISTANCE BETWEEN TIERS WILL VARY ELEVATION OF PIPING ADJACENT TO EQUIPMENT
ELEVATION OF LINES TO ADJACENT EQUIPMENT HEAD ROOM 1200 3000 MIN.
ELEVATION OF PIPING BETWEEN YARD & EXCHANGER
LINES WITH ONE END BELOW AND OTHER END ABOVE YARD CAN BE LOCATED ON EITHER YARD BANK
3000
CONTROL VALVE PUMP SUCTION PUMPS COULD BE LOCATED ACCESS TO PUMPS INSIDE OR OUTSIDE WITH CONSIDERATION TO FREE SPACE FOR PUMP ACCESS WAY PUMP TURBINE
: 29040-PI-UPS-1003 : RO
COLUMN PIPING
TYPICAL NOZZLE LOCATIONS AND PLATFORM ELEVATIONS
NOZZLE ELEVATIONS ARE SET USING THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION-PROCESS VESSEL SKETCH, TRAY DETAILS, TYPE OF HEADS, BOTTOM TANGENT LINE ELEVATION, NOZZLE SUMMARY, INSTRUMENT SKETCH, P&ID, LAYOUT REQUIREMENT AND INSULATION REQUIREMENT. NOTES: 1. NOZZLES AND PIPING MUST MEET PROCESS REQUIREMENT. 2. PLATFORM MUST SATISFY MAINTENANCE AND OPERATING NEEDS.
: 1 OF 1
: CLP15
LEGENDS: A,B,C, - TOWER NOZZLE LOCATION AL,BL,AG & BG - INSTRUMENT TAP LOCATION MH - MANHOLE TL - TANGENT LINE DAVIT 214'-0"
C LADDER 300 L H SEALPOT #1 270

DA V 120 IT
53 A1
300Ib A T.L. 205'-0"
FACE OF FLANGE 207'-5" PLATFORM 206'-9" MH#1 203'-0" a 202'-6" PLATFORM 199'-11"
PLATFORM 206'-9" MH#5 0 PLATFORM 157'-3" C LADDER 300 L SEALPOT #16 270
D 96
PLATFORM 198'-11"
C LADDER 60 L PLATFORM 159'-11"
MH#4 168'-6" PLATFORM 165'-9"
12 6
PLATFORM 157'-3" & 159'-11" C MH#7 0

CL L A DD ER 300
162'-0" 161'-3" PLATFORM 159'-11"
MH#5 160'-4" TRANSMITTER C LADDER 60 L PLATFORM 157'-3"
HOSE CONNECTION
MH#7 138'-0" PLATFORM 134'-11"

CL L AD DE R3 00 0 R6 DE AD CL L
PLATFORM 134'-11"
AG
275
249
TRANSMITTER ORIFICE
AL
PLATFORM 120'-11" 126'-0" AL AG E 125'-0" MH#8 0 PLATFORM 112'-5"

CL L AD DE R3 00
G 180
DROP OUT AREA 18"DIA. OPENING (SKIRT ACCESS)

0 R6 DE AD CL L
PLATFORM 120'-11" CG 119'-9" CG 118'-7" CG 117'-0" MH#8 115'-0" J DG 113'-6" T.L. 113'-0" PLATFORM 111'-5" G 109'-6" PLATFORM 112'-5"
BG
CG
275
J
263
90
BL
249
PLATFORM 111'-5" 4'-0"WIDE G 180 103'-6" 18" DIA. OPENING (SKIRT ACCESS)
PLATFORM 111'-5" & 112'-5" GRADE 100'-0"
100'-6"
PLAN
ELEVATION
: 29040-PI-UPS-1003 : RO
COLUMN PIPING
: 1 OF 1
: CLP16
I.R.
10" .250
3'-0"MINIMUM (PLATFORM WIDTH) 900
VALVE
PLATFORM TOE PLATE VESSEL CLIP CLOSURE PLATE BRACKET
INTERMEDIATE PLATFORM WIDTH REQUIREMENTS
3'-0"MINIMUM 900
HANDRAIL
PLATFORM WIDTH
CONGESTED PLATFORM WIDTH REQUIREMENTS

PLATFORM WIDTHS ARE DECIDED AS PER OPERATOR ACCESS FOR PLATFROM WITH CONTROLS LOCATED AT THE SIDE OF PLATFORM, THE WIDTH MUST BE 900MM PLUS THE WIDTH OF THE CONTROLS OR PROJECTIONS.
TOP HEAD MAINTENANCE ACCESS
ONE MAINTENANCE ACCESS DIAMETER MINIMUM
DAVIT
LADDER(TYP)
DAVIT
VIEW-P 'P'
MAINTENANCE ACCESS
MAINTENANCE ACCESS ARRANGEMENTS

AT MAINTENANCE ACCESS PLATFORM, ADEQUATE SPACE TO SWING THE ACCESS COVER FLANGE TO BE PROVIDED. TOP HEAD MAINTENANCE ACCESS MUST BE FREE FROM THREE SIDES.
DOC NO. : 29040-PI-UPS-1003 Rev. : RO : 1 OF 1

DWG. NO. : CLP17
Uhde India Limited
Page
TYPICAL PLATFORM ORIENTATION
T-100
LADDER CAGE (TYPICAL) LADDER
PLATFORM EL. 178'-1" PLATFORM BRACKETS (TYPICAL)
T-100
PLATFORM EL.178'-1" & ABOVE 123.800
PLATFORM EL. 169'-0"
PLATFORM EL.169'-0" TO 178'-1" 121.030 123.800
T-100
350
T-100
PLATFORM EL.109'-0" TO 139'-0" 102.740 111.890
PLATFORM EL.139'-0" TO 169'-0" 111.890 121.030
: 29040-PI-UPS-1003 : RO
COLUMN PIPING
: 1 OF 1
: CLP18
DETAILS OF CIRCULAR PLATFORM BRACKET SPACINGS
(X)
14"
(Y )
C LADDER L
30
INSIDE RADIUS
14" 350
15
C MANHOLE L INSIDE RADIUS

15
3'-0" TO 4'-6" 900 TO 1400
10" 250
14"
. 650 MAX G ANGIN OVERH
. AX NG 0 M ACI 180 T SP DGE KE R E AC TE BR T OU A
BRACKET SPACING VESSEL I.D.

UPTO TO 1220MM (4') 1220 TO 2440 (4') (8') 2440 TO 5180 (8') (17') 5180 TO 7620 (17') (25')
X
30
Y
60
22.5
45
15
30
11.25
11.25

DWG. NO. : CLP19
Uhde India Limited
Page
TOWER PLATFORM AND LADDER ELEVATION REQUIREMENTS

MAINTENANCE ACCESS PLATFORMS WITH MINIMUM CLEARANCE INDICATED.
TOP HEAD PLATFORM VENT ACCESS
10"(250) MINIMUM MAINTENANCE & BLIND ACCESS SPECT. BLIND
PLATFORM (TYP.) LADDER (TYP.)
TEMPERATURE & PRESSURE POINT ACCESS BY LADDER OR PLATFORM
NO ACCESS REQUIRED 3'-0" TO 5'-0" (900 TO 1500)
MAINTENANCE & VALVE ACCESS CMAINTENANCE L ACCESS 18" TO 6'-9" (450 TO 2050)
INTERMEDIATE PLATFORM TO SUIT MAXIMUM LADDER RUN
ALTERNATE VALVE ACCESS WITH OR WITHOUT STEM EXTENSION
MINIMUM
T.L.
12"(300) MINIMUM CONTROL INSTRUMENT & MAINTENANCE ACCESS
LEVEL GAUGE ACCESS BY LADDER OR PLATFORM GRADE
DRAIN VALVE ACCESS FROM GRADE

DWG. NO. : CLP20
Uhde India Limited
Page
TYPICAL PLATFORM ARRANGEMENT

PLATFORMS ARE REQUIRED ON TOWERS FOR ACCESS TO VALVES, INSTRUMENTS, BLINDS AND MAINTENANCE ACCESS. PLATFORMS ARE USUALLY CIRCULAR AND SUPPORTED BY BRACKETS ATTACHED TO THE TOWER. ACCESS TO PLATFORM IS GENERALLY BY LADDER.
PIPING
PREFERRED LOCATION ACCESS NOT REQUIRED PAST STANDPIPE & INSTRUMENTS LEVEL INSTRUMENTS
STEAM & AIR RISER SIDE EXIT PREFERRED 350 LADDER TO UPPER LEVEL
AM STE AIR
LADDER FROM GRADE
LADDER CAGE
UTILITY STATION
PLATFORM SUPPORT BRACKETS
PLATFORM EL. 109'-0" 102.740
MAINTENANCE ACCESS

DWG. NO. : CLP21
Uhde India Limited
Page
DETAILS OF A TYPICAL DISTILLATION COLUMN
ORIENTATION RANGE
(TWO TRAYS AT 18" SPACING)
8"VAPOUR OUT
3'-6"
1 1 1/2"REFLUX IN SEE DETAIL-3 a. SIMPLEST REFLUX PIPE b. REFLUX PIPE MUST CLEAR BUBBLE CAPS AND WEIRS
3'
1/4"
NOZZLE + 5" MIN.
DETAIL 3 : REFLUX CONNECTIONS

b
c c
2 3'
SEE DETAIL-2a
3 SIMILIAR TO DETAIL-3a
3'
TRAY AREAS
17'-6" (7TRAYS AT 2'6"SPACING)
b 6" FEED DOWNFLOW AREA 4 SEALPOT AREA
45'-6"
SEE DETAIL-2b
a. SINGLE FLOW TRAY 5'-3"
b. DOUBLE FLOW TRAY
DETAIL 2 : MANHOLE LOCATIONS

8" REBOILER DRAWOFF 1" DRAIN b I.D.6'
a
8'-6"
MAX. LIQUID LEVEL
20" REBOILER RETURN SEE DETAIL-1 h BOTTOM TRAY
1"STEAMOUT 5
3'
3 = MANHOLES
6" BOTTOMS OUT REBOILER RETURN NOZZLE SINGLE FLOW TRAY
REBOILER DRAWOFF TRAPOUT BOOT
DETAIL 1 : REBOILER CONNECTIONS

DWG. NO. : CLP22
Uhde India Limited
Page
DETAILS OF TOWER SKIRT
4'-0" 1200
1/4 OF DIAMETER FOR 2:1 HEADS TANGENT LINE 9" 6" 12" .230 .150 .305 BOTTOM OUTLET OPENING EL. 110'-3" 103.125 VENT HOLE
12" .305
BOTTOM OUTLET
6"
LONG RADIUS ELBOW 12"x18"/300x450 MINIMUM SKIRT ACCESS OPENING 102'-6"/100.750
7'.0" 2.135
OPERATOR ACCESS
BOLT HOLES STIFFENING RING BASE RING EL. 100'-0" 100.000 POINT OF SUPPORT 101'-0' 100.300

DWG. NO. : CLP23
Uhde India Limited
Page
TYPICAL TOWER AREA DIVISION FOR VARIOUS FACILITIES

PREFERRED AREAS FOR PIPING, PLATFORMING AND LADDERS TO BE LOCATED IN CONJUCTION WITH TRAY, NOZZLE AND PLATFORM ORIENTATION.
PIPE RACK
VERTICAL PIPING AREA
0 60 X. R PP A
LADDER AREA
LADDER AREA
PLATFORM OPERATING & MAINTENANCE AREA

DWG. NO. : CLP24
Uhde India Limited
Page
TYPICAL TOWER PIPING SUPPORT

ADEQUATE SPACE BETWEEN BACK OF PIPING AND TOWER SHELL TO FACILITATE INSTALLATION OF PIPE SUPPORTS.
4"/100 MINIMUM + INSULATION
P BO
RADIAL LOCATED PIPING
2'-0" 600 MIN.
MIN.
" 2'-0 . MIN 600
1 1/2" UTILITY PIPING 4"/100
8"/200
(BOP=BACK OF PIPE) COMMON BOP LOCATED PIPING
BOP 4"/100 +INSULATION MINIMUM
OVERHEAD VAPOUR LINE
TRUNNION
SUPPORT VESSEL CLIP
GUIDE
: 29040-PI-UPS-1003 : RO
COLUMN PIPING
: 1 OF 1
: CLP25
TYPICAL ARRANGEMENT OF EXTERNAL PIPING AROUND COLUMN

DAVIT(FOR HANDLING TRAYS, VALVES ETC.) SAFETY RELIEF VALVE
VENT RELIEF LINE INSTRUMENT SPACE (GAUGES FOR TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE) GUIDE
MANHOLE
LIGHT CUT (LIGHTER FRACTIONS)
`CUT' ARE TAKEN FROM SELECTED TRAYS IN COLUMN
INTERMEDIATE CUT
HEAVY CUT (HEAVIER FRACTIONS) FEED FROM HEATER TO ADJACENT CONDENSOR MANHOLE (FOR SPARGER ACCESS) RELIEF HEADER HEAVY CUT
LEVEL GAUGE
GUIDE
LIGHT CUT INTERMEDIATE CUT VENT `BOTTOMS' SKIRT `BOTTOMS' PUMP DRIVER ACCESS DOOR VENT BASE RING DRAIN ACCESS PIPERACK
ELEVATION
SPACE FOR INSTRUMENT (OPTIONAL FOR LADDERS) VAPOUR (TO ADJACENT CONDENSOR) SPACE FOR PIPING DAVIT MOVEMENT DROP-OUT AREA SPACE FOR MANHOLES AND `DROPOUTS' (TRAY AND VALVE HANDLING) SPACE FOR LADDERS AND INSTRUMENTS LIGHT CUT RELIEF LINE `BOTTOMS' HEAVY CUT FEED FROM HEATER
PLAN
PIPERACK
: 29040-PI-UPS-1003 : RO
COLUMN PIPING
TYPICAL RELIEF VALVE SYSTEM OPEN AND CLOSED SYSTEM
OPEN TO ATMOSPHERE RELIEF VALVE SYSTEM LOCATED ON THE TOP OF TOWER. CLOSED RELIEF VALVE SYSTEM TO BE LOCATED AT A MINIMUM DISTANCE ABOVE THE RELIEF HEADER.
: 1 OF 1
: CLP26
SAFETY DISTANCE
ALTERNATE LOCATION
ATMOSPHERIC RELIEF VALVE PREFERRED LOCATION
OVERHEAD LINE
CLOSED SYSTEM RELIEF VALVE PREFERRED LOCATION (CLOSEST AVAILABLE PLATFORM ABOVE RELIEF VALVE HEADER)
LADDER (TYP.)
PLATFORM (TYP.)
TOWER
RELIEF VALVE HEADER
PIPE RACK
: 29040-PI-UPS-1003 : RO
COLUMN PIPING
PIPING G.A. FOR COLUMN-REBOILER PUMP
: 1 OF 1
: CLP27
PSV
PSV
OPENING FLG. DIA PLUS 2" ON PIPE DIA PLUS INSULATION PLUS 2" WHICHEVER IS GREATER.
HEAD TE CLEARANCE 5 31 20 PSV 1 2 AIR COOLERS 30'-0"(MAX) TUBE BUNDLES 13 PIPE BRACKET PI 9 9 21
C MANWAY L 23 LG 10 AIR COOLER MAINTENANCE PLATFORM LG 10 30 13 25 REMOVABLE SPOOL (TYP) 22 5 35 17 FE 27 3 12 24 23 23 16 15 4 FE 17 25 LC 10 LG LT 7 23 HEADER FOR PLATFORM VAPOUR LIQUID
22
TE TE
9 21 9 21
13 12 MAINTENANCE ACCESS
SECTIONAL VIEW
USE PLATF. BRACKETS TYPE K,L,M,N,P,A & SPACED PER ENG. STDS. UNLESS OTHERVISE SPECIFIDED ON INDIV. CONTRACT.
DROP OUT AREA
LOCATE MANWAY DAVIT PIVOTS PROVIDE FOR FULL OPENING OF MANWAY COVER.
MANWAYS TO BE BETWEEN THESE ANGLES ON DROP OUT SIDE OF TOWER.
TEMP. INSTRUMENTS TO BE LOCATED TO FACILITATE REMOVAL OF ELEMENT.
PLATFORM ACCESS REQUIRED FOR VALVES AVOID USE OD DOUBLE SIDE STEP LADDERS WITH PLATFORMS AT THE SAME ELEVATION
LADDER ACCESS TO GAGE GLASSES, LEVEL CONTROLLERS TEMP. & PRESSURE INDICATORS IS ACCEPTABLE.
BACKS OF PIPES FOR INSULATED LINES.
ALL INSTRUMENTS TO BE IN ACCORDANCE WITH INSTRUMENT DATA SHEET. PIPING MUST BE KEPT CLEAROF SKIRT ACCESS OPENING. 300 550 350 300 500 300
PLAN
* FOR NOTES REFER DWG. NO. CLP28
: 29040-PI-UPS-1003 : RO
COLUMN PIPING
: 1 OF 1
: CLP28
1) ALL RELIEF VALVES THAT DISCHARGE TO A CLOSED SYSTEM SHALL BE LOCATED AS CLOSE AS POSSIBLE TO THE VESSEL THAT IT PROTECTS, BUT ABOVE THE FLARE HEADER. DISCHARGE PIPING TO BE SELF DRAINING DOWN TO FLARE HEADER. WHERE RELIEF VALVES MUST BE LOCATED REMOTE FROM THE VESSEL, APPROVAL MUST BE OBTAINED FROM PROCESS ENGINEERING TO ENSURE THAT THE PRESSURE LOSS UP TO INLET OF RELIEF VALVE (INCLUDING LOSS IN RELIEF VALVE) DOES NOT EXCEED 3% OF THE SET PRESSURE. 2) PROVIDE SUPPORT ON RELIEF VALVE DISCHARGE PIPING TO MINIMIZE REACTION FORCES ON THE VALVE,EQUIPMENT OR ASSOCIATED PIPING. 3) PROVIDE INTERNAL CLEARANCE FOR TEMPORARY STRAINERS. INSTALL STRAINER AGAINST THE FLOW. DO NOT POCKET PUMP SUCTION LINES. USE ECCENTRIC REDUCERS (TOP FLAT) AT PUMP SUCTION NOZZLES. 4) PROVIDE CANTILEVERED SUPPORT STEEL ABOVE PUMP SUCTION AND DISCHARGE PIPING FOR INSTALLATION OF SPRING SUPPORTS WHERE REQUIRED. 5) PROVIDE CHAIN OR EXTENSION STEMS FOR VALVES IF CENTER LINE IS MORE THAN 7'-3" ABOVE OPERATING LEVEL. HOWEVER USE OF CHAIN OPERATED VALVES SHALL BE AVOIDED AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE. EXTENSION STEMS ARE NOT REQUIRED ON VALVES NOT NORMALLY OPERATED. 6) FOR MAINTENANCE BLIND INSTALLATION PROVIDE PLATFORM ACCESS TO ALL VESSEL NOZZLES 3" AND LARGER WHERE TEMPORARY SCAFFOLDING CAN NOT BE INSTALLED FOR VESSEL NOZZLES 2" AND SMALLER, LADDER ACCESS IS ACCEPTABLE WHERE TEMPORARY SCAFFOLDING CAN NOT BE INSTALLED. 7) PLATFORMING REQUIRED WHEN MANWAY CENTRE LINE IS ABOVE 12'-0" FROM GRADE. 8) DO NOT INSTALL TEMPERATURE OR PRESSURE INSTRUMENTS IN REMOVABLE SPOOLS. 9) TE'S, PI'S, ETC. ON TOWERS SHALL BE ACCESSIBLE FROM A PERMANENT LADDER OR PLATFORM. 10) FOR CENTRE LINE ELEVATIONS UP TO 5'-0" ORIENT GAGE GLASSES AND LEVEL CONTROLLERS FOR VIEWING FROM OPERATING AISLE. ABOVE 5'-0" ORIENT FOR VIEWING FROM A PERMANENT LADDER OR PLATFORM. 11) HEIGHT OF SHOES SHALL BE PER ENGG. STANDARD. 12) OPERATING AISLE AND MAINTENANCE ACCESS DOES NOT HAVE TO BE IN A STRAIGHT LINE. 13) PIPE WAY WIDTH AND NUMBER OF PROCESS AND UTILITY DECKS REQUIRED ARE DETERMINED BY PIPING. INSTRUMENT AND ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS PLUS PROVISION FOR FUTURE OF 10% TO 15%. PIPING TO REQUEST INTERMEDIATE BEAM SUPPORT FROM CIVIL ONLY AS REQUIRED. HOWEVER, PROVIDE INSERT PLATES AT THESE LOCATIONS, IRRESPECTIVE OF PIPING REQUIREMENTS. 14) THE DIMENSION MAY VARY WITH COLUMN DIAMETER. LINE UP COLUMNS ON COMMON CENTRELINES WHERE PRACTICAL. 15) LOCATE CONTROL VALVES ALONG SIDE EQUIPMENT OR AT PIPE WAY COLUMNS. WHEREVER POSITION IS BEST FOR THE PIPE RUN AND OTHER CONDITIONS. DO NOT POSITION CONTROL VALVES DIRECTLY BEHIND PUMPS. CONTROL VALVES WHICH CONTROL THE LEVEL IN A VESSEL MUST BE LOCATED SO THAT GAGE GLASS IS VISIBLE WHILE OPERATING BYPASS VALVE. 16) PIPING AND STRUCTURES SHALL BE ARRANGED TO PERMIT MOBILE EQUIPMENT TO APPROACH PUMPS AND MAKE LIFTS WITHOUT OBSTRUCTION. 17) A MINIMUM OF 3'-0" CLEAR FOR SINGLE BLOCK VALVE AND 4'-3" CLEAR FOR DOUBLE BLOCK VALVE IS REQUIRED FROM ORIFICE FLANGES TO ANY OBSTRUCTION FOR INSTALLING METER LEADS AND ORIFICE TAPS. VERTICAL RUNS ARE PERMITTED FOR IN WARD FLOW ONLY FOR LIQUIDS AND DOWNWARD FLOW FOR GASES AND STEAM. PORTABLE LADDER ACCESS TO ORIFICE FLANGES 22'-0" OR LESS ABOVE GRADE, PERMANENT LADDER OR PLATFORM IS REQUIRED OTHERWISE. 18) THE TYPE OF PIPING CONFIGURATION FOR AIR COOLER INLET AND OUTLET SHALL BE AS INDICATED ON THE P & IDS. 19) PROVIDE PERMANENT PLATFORMING FOR ACCESS TO UNIT BLOCK VALVES. 20) PROVIDE PIPE BRACKETS ON ALL TYPE ON VERTICAL VESSELS AS PER ENGG. STANDARD.
21) PIPING DESIGNER MUST VERIFY WITH PROCESS ENGINEERING THE LOCATION OF THERMO WELLS TO BE LOCATED WHETHER IN LIQUID OR VAPOUR SPACE. 22) MANHOLE AND HEAT EXCHANGER CHANNEL COVERS SHALL OPEN AND BACK AGAINST THE VESSEL WHERE REQUIRED TO MAINTAIN CLEAR PERSONNEL PASSAGEWAY IN FRONT. 23) THE MAIN COOLING WATER SUPPLY AND RETURN SYSTEM SHALL BE LOCATED BELOW GRADE ON BOTH SIDE OF THE UNIT PIPE WAY AS FAR AS PRACTICAL. A SECONDARY SUPPLY(COLD SERVICE WATER) AND RETURN SYSTEM WILL BE LOCATED IN THE PIPE WAY FOR SMALL USERS SUCH PUMPS, SAMPLE COOLER ETC. 24) EXCHANGER FRONT FOOT IS FIXED WHEN COOLING WATER SUPPLY AND RETURN IS UNDER GROUND. 25) PIPING AND ELECTRICAL SHALL INFORM CIVIL ENGINEERING OF THE LOCATION OF ANY INSERT PLATES REQUIRED FOR ATTACHING AUXILIARY SUPPORTS. 26) USE ACTUAL ELEVATION BASED ON APPROVED DATUM FOR THE PLANT. 27) PUMP VALVING MUST BE OPERABLE WITHOUT THE USE OF CHAIN OPERATORS. 28) PROVIDE REMOVABLE SPOOLS AT EQUIPMENT FOR MAINTENANCE AS REQUIRED. DO NOT SUPPORT PIPING FROM REMOVABLE SPOOLS. 29) REQUIREMENT OF HEADER BOX PLATFORMS SHALL BE AS PER ENGG. STANDARD. 30) LOCATION AND ELEVATION OF FLARE HEADER SHALL BE DECIDED ON CASE TO CASE BASIS FOR EACH UNIT. 31) VALVES 3" AND LARGER ON TOWERS SHALL BE ACCESSIBLE FROM A PLATFORM, VALVES 2" AND SMALLER SHALL BE ACCESSIBLE FROM PLATFORM OR PERMANENT LADDER. 32) PIPE ELEVATIONS IN GENERAL AREA OF RACK COLUMNS. SELECT SPECIFIC ELEVATIONS SHORT RUNS AT PUMPS, CONT. STATIONS MANIFOLDS ETC. AND THESE THROUGHOUT THE UNIT 18'-0" MIN. CLEARANCE TO H.P. OF PAVING. 33) MAXIMUM HIGH POINT OF PAVING SHOULD BE 0'-6" ABOVE LOW POINT, TOP OF ALL CATCH BASINS SHALL BE 0'-0" ABOVE LOW POINT. THE TOP OF CONCRETE PEDESTALS FOR STRUCTURAL STEEL COLUMNS SHALL BE 8" ABOVE HIGH POINT OF FINISHED GRADE. THE HIGH POINT OF BUILDING OF CONTROL ROOM AND SUBSTATION SHALL BE DESIGNED CONSIDERING REASONABLE CABLE SPACING UNDER THE FLOOR AND SHALL BE APPROVED BY CLIENT. THE OTHER ENCLOSED BUILDING FLOOR SLABS SHALL BE NOT LESS THAN 6" ABOVE HIGH POINT OF FINISHED GRADE. ALL UNENCLOSED BUILDINGS IN PAVED AREAS SHALL HAVE FLOOR HEIGHT TO MATCH ADJACENT PAVING. ALL UNENCLOSED BUILDINGS IN UNPAVED AREAS SHALL HAVE FLOOR HEIGHT 6" ABOVE ADJACENT GRADE. ALL FLOORS SHALL BE SLOPED FOR DRAINAGE. EQUIPMENT FOUNDATION HEIGHT SHALL BE AS FOLLOWS: (a) THE TOP OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMP FOUNDATION SHALL BE A MINIMUM OF 3" ABOVE HIGH POINT OF FINISHED SURFACE. (b) THE TOP OF RECIPROCATING PUMP FOUNDATION SHALL BE MINIMUM OF 12" ABOVE HIGH POINT OF FINISHED SURFACE. (c) THE TOP OF FOUNDATIONS FOR VERTICAL VESSEL SHALL BE 8" ABOVE HIGH POINT OF FINISHED SURFACE. 34) UTILITY STATION REQUIREMENTS: STEAM, AIR AND WATER AT GRADE: SPACED SO THAT ALL AREA CAN BE REACHED WITH 50'-0" OF HOSE. STEAM AND AIR AT ALTERNATE LEVELS OF STRUCTURES AND VESSELS (LOCATE AT LEVELS WITH HANDWAYS). ALL LINES TO UTILITY STATIONS TO BE 1". PROVIDE GATE VALVE ON EACH LINE AT HOSE CONNECTION. SEE ENGG. STD. 35) "BUILT IN" EQUIPMENT HANDLING FACILITIES TO BE KEPT TO A MINIMUM. EQUIPMENT SHALL BE SUPPORTED AT OR NEAR GRADE TO PERMIT MAXIMUM USE OF MOBILE EQUIPMENT. FOR MAINTENANCE. EXCHANGERS WITH CENTRELINE 12'-0" AND LESS ABOVE GRADE TO BE HANDLED WITH MOBILE EQUIPMENT. HORIZONTAL EXCHANGERS WITH CENTRELINE MORE THAN 12'-0" ABOVE GRADE SHALL HAVE SUITABLE PERMANENT STEEL OR REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES. WITH TROLLEY BEAMS AND TROLLEYS (EXCLUDING HOIST) FOR HANDLING INDIVIDUAL EXCHANGER PARTS. THE DESIGN OF SUCH STRUCTURES SHALL BE BASED ON THE USE OF MOBILE EQUIPMENT TO PULL TUBE BUNDLES. THE TROLLEY HOIST WILL ASSIST IN SUPPORTING THE BUNDLE DURING PULLING AND WILL BE CAPABLE OF LOWERING IT TO GRADE FOR VERTICAL EXCHANGERS, MOBILE EQUIPMENT SHALL BE USED FOR HANDLING PARTS AND PULLING BUNDLES. 36) ALL OVERHEAD PUMP SUCTION LINES SHALL DRAIN TOWARD THE PUMP WITHOUT POCKETS. 37) ALL TWO PHASE FLOW PIPING MUST BE NOTED ON P & ID. THIS PIPING MAY REQUIRE SPECIAL DESIGN CONSIDERATION. 38) ALLOW FOR 1" SHIMS (OR GROUT) ABOVE STEEL (OR CONCRETE). FOR VESSELS OVER 15'-0" DIAMETER ALLOW 1 1/2" FOR SHIMS (OR GROUT).
* FOR DETAILS REFER DWG. NO. CLP27
: 29040-PI-UPS-1003 : R0
COLUMN PIPING
: 1 OF 1
: CLP29
TYPICAL OPERATOR ACCESS
TOWER
OPERATOR ACCESS
PUMP
TYPICAL MAINTENANCE ACCESS

THE CLEARANCES FOR THE OPERATOR ACCESS AND MAINTENANCE ACCESS CAN SOMETIMES, BE THE GUIDELINES FOR TOWER BOTTOM ELEVATION.
TOWER
MAINTENANCE ACCESS

DWG. NO. : CLP30
Uhde India Limited
Page
NET POSITIVE SUCTION HEAD (NPSH) OF BOTTOM PUMPS

MINIMUM NPSH REQUIREMENT IS A KEY FACTOR IN DECIDING THE ELEVATION OF THE TOWER.
TOWER
PUMP
STATIC HEAD
: 29040-PI-UPS-1003 : RO
COLUMN PIPING
: 1 OF 1
: CLP31
TYPICAL TOWER PIPING ARRANGEMENT

THE PIPING ARRANGEMENT ARE TO BE DESIGNED BASED ON PROCESS VESSEL SKETCH, TRAY DETAILS, NOZZLE ELEVATION.
N
8 30 P-1 01 -3"
1"AIR & STEAM UTILITY LINES DOWNCOMER TRAY#1 P-100-18" 0 T-100 C LADDER L 270
C TRAYS 0 L 1 TO 27 T-100
P1 67.5
C LADDER L 90
A TOP
90
T1 5 . 247
600 AR CLE CE SPA
DAVIT
VENT
CONTROL STATION
PLAN EL.178'-1" & ABOVE 123.800
PLAN EL.169'-0" TO 178'-1" 121.030 123.800
M1 180
300 CLEAR
CLEAR SPACE IN FRONT OF MANHOLE
0 E
55 1 L L2
RV-100-4"
67.5 P3 P2 67.5
270 D P-103-10"
90 F C LADDER L P-105-6" 90
.5 247 T3
5 22 S
T2 .5 247 600 ACE SP ER AR D CLE LAD M FRO
DAVIT DRAIN-3" G
P-102-6" C T-100 0
P-104-10" T-100
0 60
DAVIT
180 M3 SKIRT OPENING
PLAN EL.GRADE TO 139'-0" 100.000 111.890
PLAN EL.139'-0" TO 169'-0" 111.890 121.030
NOTE : REF.CLP12 FOR TYPICAL P&I DIAGRAM.
M2 180

DWG. NO. : CLP32
Uhde India Limited
Page
TYPICAL PLAN AND ELEVATION VIEW OF TOWER AREA
OVERHEAD CONDENSERS TOWER
TRIM COOLERS
REBOILER BOTTOMS PUMP
ELEVATION
PIPE RACK MAINTENANCE ACCESS WAY OVERHEAD CONDENSER
BOTTOMS PUMPS REFLUX PUMPS
REBOILER
TOWER
TRIM COOLERS
(PLAN ABOVE)
MAINTENANCE ROAD
PLAN

DWG. NO. : CLP33
Uhde India Limited
Page
REBOILER CONNECTION
a. HORIZONTAL REBOILER
RETURN DOWNCOMER
10 10
DRAW-OFF
(MAXIMUM)
RETURN DOWNCOMER HIGH LIQUID LEVEL DRAW-OFF ALTERNATE DRAW-OFF LOCATION
REBOILER TOWER
ALTERNATE RETURN LOCATION
b. VERTICAL REBOILER
RETURN DOWNCOMER
10 10
(MAXIMUM) RETURN
HIGH LIQUID LEVEL
25 MM GAP
DRAW-OFF AT ANY ORIENTATION
ALTERNATE RETURN LOCATION DRAW-OFF
TOWER
REBOILER
ALTERNATE DRAW-OFF LOCATION

DWG. NO. : CLP34
Uhde India Limited
Page

OVERALL LENGTH 1/2 OVERALL LENGTH PI CONN. 1/2 PIPE DIA +300 MIN. VAPOR ALTERNATE LOCATIONS OF NOZZLES PI CONN. 600 4 7 300 TANGENT LINE WEIR HEIGHT LC LG 9 BY PROCESS C TUBE BUNDLE L HEAT MEDIUM OUT 2 WILL BE SPECIFIED BY THE PROCESS ENGINEER IF NECESSARY (SHOWN ON DATA SHEET) HEAT MEDIUM IN 6 5 WEIR HEIGHT APPRX. 2/3 DIA REBOILER 2
SURGE VOLUME BY PROCESS 10 (SHOWN ON DATA SHEET)
1200 MIN.
SKIRT
LIQUID DRAIN
11
FOUNDATION HIGH POINT OF FINISHED SURFACE
PRODUCT
THERMOWELL TEMP. INDICATOR PUMP AND OR COOLER POSSIBLY BETWEEN REBOILER AND CONTROL VALVE
DIAGRAMMATIC ELEVATION
(FOR USUAL ARRANGEMENT SEE PLAN BELOW)
NOTES:-
PLAN
THIS ARRANGEMENT FOR KETTLE REBOILERS, WHICH IS THE TYPE MOST COMMONLY USED, HAS MINIMUM LIQUID HELD IN COLUMN AND OPERATING SURGE IS IN KETTLE. 1) SET KETTLE AT MIN. ELEV. TO SUIT PRODUCT LINE PRESSURE DROP OR PUMP SUCTION REQUIREMENTS. 2) WEIR HEIGHT DEPENDS ON REBOILER SELECTION. 3) HEAD EQUALS NORMAL PRESSURE DROP FOR LINES AND REBOILER. 4) HEAD AT MAX. LEVEL GIVES 100% SAFETY OVER NORMAL. 5) USUALLY TRAY SPACING + 150MM. PROCESS WILL SPECIFY. 6) PROCESS WILL SET DIMENSION. 7) LG AND LC NOT REQUIRED ON COLUMN FOR THIS HOOK-UP. 8) SET SKIRT HEIGHT TO SATISFY NOTES 1,2 AND 3. 9) ANCHOR LOCATION DEPENDS ON RELATIONSHIP OF REBOILER WITH COLUMN ANCHOR ONE END ONLY. 10) SURGE VOLUME IS NORMALLY A MIN. OF 2 MINUTES. 11) IF THIS IS THE COLUMN DRAIN. PIPE TO DRAIN FUNNEL.

DWG. NO. : CLP35
Uhde India Limited
Page
TYPICAL INSTRUMENT VESSEL SKETCH
PT 101
P1
1 2 T1 TE 101
TL = TANGENT LINE THD = THREADED RF = RAISED FACE
PT 102
P2
15 16 T2 TE 102
LG 101 3/4"THD 3"/75
1 1/2" 300# RF LC 101
1200
L1
915
1500
TE 103
T3
L2 T.L. 180
3"/75
3"
PT 103
P3
27
1/2"THD
3/4"THD

DWG. NO. : CLP36
Uhde India Limited
Page
TYPICAL ARRANGEMENT FOR LEVEL INSTRUMENT
COVER SWING AREA
11/2" OR 2"
LEVEL CONTROLLER (RIGHT HAND)
3/4"DRAIN
PLATFORM
PLAN
ELEVATION SINGLE MOUNTED LEVEL CONTROLLER
1/2"VENT LEVEL SWITCH
GLASS
1/2"DRAIN
3/4" 1" SWITCH
DRAIN
LEVEL GAUGE
PLAN
ELEVATION SINGLE MOUNTED LEVEL GAUGE AND SWITCH
900 TO 2050

DWG. NO. : CLP37
Uhde India Limited
Page
TYPICAL TEMPERATURE & PRESSURE INSTRUMENT NOZZLE LOCATIONS
MINIMUM
DOWNCOMER DOWNCOMER
VAPOUR PRESSURE VAPOUR SPACE LIQUID
TEMPERATURE LIQUID SPACE THERMOWELL ORIENTATIONS
2" /50 PRESSURE INSTRUMENT NOZZLE ORIENTATIONS

DWG. NO. : CLP38
Uhde India Limited
Page
TYPICAL TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE INSTRUMENT ARRANGEMENTS
DOWNCOMER AREA LOCAL PRESSURE GAUGES
LOCALLY MOUNTED DIAL THERMOMETER
LADDER (TYP)
WHEN ORIENTING TEMPERATURE NOZZLES CHECK FOR ADEQUATE CLEARANCE OF PROBE WITH DOWNCOMER WALL
PROBE BOARD MOUNTED THERMOCOUPLE
CONDUIT

DWG. NO. : CLP39
Uhde India Limited
Page
TYPICAL COMMON BRIDLE-LEVEL INSTRUMENT ARRANGEMENT
3" STANDPIPE
5 L1 5 L2
LC 101 LG 101
T-100
PLATFORM EL. 109'-0" (102.740)
: 29040-PI-UPS-1003 : RO
COLUMN PIPING
: 1 OF 1
: CLP40
TYPICAL TOWER DAVIT ARRANGEMENT
ALTERNATIVE DAVIT LOCATION SUPPORTED FROM PLATFORM
4" TO 8"
DAVIT SUPPORT FROM VESSEL
DAVIT
DROP AREA
PLAN
ELEVATION

DWG. NO. : CLP41
Uhde India Limited
Page
TYPICAL TOWER TROLLEY BEAM ARRANGEMENT
TROLLEY BEAM
TROLLEY BEAM SUPPORTS
TROLLEY BEAM DROP AREA
PLAN
8'-0"MIN. .2435
ELEVATION

Column Piping

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TRAINING MANUAL- PIPING

PIPING STUDY COLUMN PIPING

DOC No. : 29040-PI-UPS-1003 Rev. Page : R0 : 1

Uhde India Limited

Applicable Revision: Prepared:

Date: First Edition: R0 Prepared: AKB

Date: Checked: TNG

Date: Approved: RUD

TRAINING MANUAL- PIPING

DOC No. : 29040-PI-UPS-1003 Rev. Page : R0 : 2

Uhde India Limited

TRAINING MANUAL- PIPING

DOC No. : 29040-PI-UPS-1003 Rev. Page : R0 : 3

Uhde India Limited

TRAINING MANUAL- PIPING

DOC No. : 29040-PI-UPS-1003 Rev. Page : R0 : 4

Uhde India Limited

TRAINING MANUAL- PIPING

DOC No. : 29040-PI-UPS-1003 Rev. Page : R0 : 5

Uhde India Limited

TRAINING MANUAL- PIPING

DOC No. : 29040-PI-UPS-1003 Rev. Page : R0 : 6

Uhde India Limited

TRAINING MANUAL- PIPING

DOC No. : 29040-PI-UPS-1003 Rev. Page : R0 : 7

Uhde India Limited

TRAINING MANUAL- PIPING

DOC No. : 29040-PI-UPS-1003 Rev. Page : R0 : 8

Uhde India Limited 4.9

TRAINING MANUAL- PIPING

DOC No. : 29040-PI-UPS-1003 Rev. Page : R0 : 9

Uhde India Limited

TRAINING MANUAL- PIPING

DOC No. : 29040-PI-UPS-1003 Rev. Page : R0 : 10

Uhde India Limited 5.4 OVERHEAD CONNECTIONS

TRAINING MANUAL- PIPING

DOC No. : 29040-PI-UPS-1003 Rev. Page : R0 : 11

Uhde India Limited 7.0 7.1

TRAINING MANUAL - PIPING PIPING STUDY COLUMN PIPING

DOC NO. : 29040-PI-UPS-1003 Rev. : R0 : 1 OF 1

Uhde India Limited

SCHEMATIC PROCESS OF DISTILLATION TOWER

REFLUX TRAY VAPOUR PRODUCT

DISTILLATE PRODUCT FEED FEED TRAY

DIRECT STEAM TO BOTTOMS PRODUCT

TRAINING MANUAL - PIPING PIPING STUDY COLUMN PIPING

DOC NO. : 29040-PI-UPS-1003 Rev. : R0 : 1 OF 1

Uhde India Limited

CRUDE DISTILLATION OF PRODUCTS ACROSS TEMPERATURE RANGE

STRAIGHT RUN GASOLINE

LIGHT GAS OIL

HEAVY GAS OIL

STRAIGHT RUN RESIDUE

TRAINING MANUAL - PIPING PIPING STUDY COLUMN PIPING

DOC NO. : 29040-PI-UPS-1003 Rev. : R0 : 1 OF 1

Uhde India Limited

ABSORPTION & STRIPPING

LEAN OIL WET GAS

TRAINING MANUAL - PIPING PIPING STUDY COLUMN PIPING

DOC NO. : 29040-PI-UPS-1003 Rev. : R0 : 1 OF 1

Uhde India Limited

SCHEMATIC PROCESS OF FRACTIONATION TOWER

PUMP BOTTOMS PRODUCT 150F(65C)

TRAINING MANUAL - PIPING PIPING STUDY COLUMN PIPING