CHAPTER 9

(Directing and Issuing comands)

(directing)

2.

3.
4.
1.

1.

2.
3.

1.

2.
3.

4.
5.
6.


(Communication)

 (Communication)



(Verbal Communication)

(Nonverbal Communication)

Verbal Communication

Verbal Communication

(Memorandum)

Nonverbal Communication


(Kinesic Behavior)

Nonverbal Communication

(Paralanguage)

(Administrative Process)

(Planning)

(Organization)

(Directing)

(Communication)

(External Environment)

(Controlling)

:
:


(Sender)
(Receiver)
(Message)
(media)


(Sender)

(Encoding)

(Message)

(Medium)

(Receiver)

(Decoding)


(Listening)
(Reading)
(Seeing)

(Noise)


(Feedback)

One-Way Communication

Two- Way Communication


Verbal and Nonverbal Communication


Verbal and Nonverbal Communication


Verbal and Nonverbal Communication


(Patterns of Communication in an
Organization)


Organizational Communication Channels

.
(Vertical Communication)


( )


(Vertical Communication)

.
(Downward Communication)
.
(Upward Communication)


Downward Communication


Downward Communication


Upward Communication


Organizational Communication Channels

(Horizontal Communication)


Organizational Communication Channels

(Horizontal Communication)

(Coordination), ,
,


The Grapevine

(Single-Strand Chain)

(Gossip Chain)


(Probability Chain)

(Cluster Chain)



(Electronic Mail or E-Mail System)

(Video Teleconferencing)

 ()
(ambiguity)

(poor listening)

(differences in language and culture)


(distortion)
(rumors and the
grapevine)
(information overload)
(narrow viewpoints)
(organizational culture)

Leadership
42

Leadership




43

Leadership
( )

44

(Leader)
1. (Position Leader)
2.
(Academic Leader)
45

 (Leadership Trait)

1. 6.
2.
7.
3.
8. (Tact)
4. 9.
5.
10.


46

47

(Good Tasks)

(Situation)

 ?
Leuis M. Terman

48

Cartwright & Zander

, ,


Keith Davis
1.
2.
3.

4.
49


1.
(Need)

Self
Actualization
Needs

Esteem Needs

Maslow Theory

Belongingness Needs

Safety Needs
Physiological Needs
50


2. (Behavior)
2.1
=
2.2
-
-
51


3. (Goals)
=


52

1.
(Over Behavior)

53


2.
(Covert Behavior)
,



54

 (Leadership Styles)

1.
2.
3.
4.
55

 (Leadership Styles)

1.

56

 (Leadership Styles)

2.
(Autocratic)
(Laissez Faire)
(Democratic)
57

 (Leadership Styles)

1. (Autocratic Leader)
=

2. (Laissez Faire
Leader)
=

58

 (Leadership Styles)

3.
( Democratic Leader)
=

59

 (Leadership Styles)

3.

(Parental Leaders)

(Manipulation Leader)
(Expert Leader)
60

1.
(Parental Leaders)
=

61


2.
(Manipulation Leader)
=
()
62


3.
(Expert Leader)
=

63

 (Leadership Styles)

(Regulative Leader)
(Directive Leader)
(Persuasive Leader)
(Participative Leader)
64

 (Leadership Styles)

1. (Regulative Leader)
=
2. (Directive Leader)
= ,
65

 (Leadership Styles)
3. (Persuasive Leader)
=
4. (Participative Leader)
= +


66

1. (Legitimate Power) 5.
(Expert Power)
2. (Reward Power) 6.
(Referent Power)
3. (Coercive Power)
4. (Informational Power)
67

 (Legitimate Power)

EX

68

 (Reward Power)

EX

(Coercive Power)




69

 (Informational Power)

70

 (Expert Power)

71

 (Referent Power)

72



(Group)
2

(Teams)


73

2
1. (Formal groups)
2. (Informal groups)

74

X - X -



( )

EX


(Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation)


(Need

Theories)


-
-
EX

 ()

- (Aggression)


- (Rationalization)


- (Compensation)



- (Regression)

 Maslow
Self- actualization needs
Esteem needs
Social needs
Softy needs

Physiological needs

 (Two Factor Theory)

2
1) (Hygiene Factors)








85

2)

86

(Motivation Factors)







4
5

 ( )

-
-
-
-
-

1.

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)

89

2.

1)
2)

3)
4)

90






- :

- :


- :



- :


- :


(Expectancy Theory)

(Victor Vroom)

ExP
x


E P

-
-

.
-
-

30 %
20 %
16%
9%
0.5%

 Locke

(The Goal Setting Theory of Locke)

98

- :



()
- :

30


1.
2.
3.

4.
5.

102

1.

103

1.1
1.2

1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7

2.

104

2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6

3.

105

3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4

3.5

4.

106

4.1
4.2
4.3

5.

107

5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5




1.
2.






1.

2.

3.


4.
5.

6.









1.

4.

2.

5.

3.

THE END