Overvi o UMTS ew f

Guoyou He Tik -109.551

Hels i Un ink ivers ty o Techno i f logy

Agenda
Introduction Evolution from GSM to UMTS UMTS Architecture UMTS Protocols UMTS Services UMTS Venders Terminal Availability Summary
2

In roduct (1 ) t ion /4
1G
Introduced in late 1970s and early 1980s Typical Systems: AMPS, NMT and TACS Services: Aanalog voice and basic mobility Problems: incompatability, limited capacity

In roduct (2 ) t ion /4
2G
Development started in 1982 First GSM network was opened in Finland in 1991 Typical Systems: GSM, D-AMPS, PDC and CDMA Services: Speech transmission, data transmission and supplementary services Problems: Incompatability, not fully globalized
4

In roduct (3 ) t ion /4
3G
Development:
Research on the suitability of CDMA and TDMA for 3G started in 1991 3GPP was created in Denmark in 1998, it specifies UMTS standards

Target: Globalization of mobile communicaitons Requirements:

Worldwidely valid system having standardized open major interfaces Clearly added value to GSM and backward compatible at least with GSM and ISDN Must support multimedia Worldwidely available generic radio access providing wideband capacity Services must be independent from radio access technology Network infrastructure must not limit the services to be generated 5

In roduct (4 ) t ion /4
3G (continued)
UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System: The European vision of 3G
3GPP R99 frozen in March 2000 3GPP R4 frozen in March 2001 3GPP R5 frozen in March 2002 or June 2002 3GPP R6 target time June 2003, estimated time December 2003

UMTS is already a reality

Evo t f lu ion rom GSM to UMTS (1 /12)

NMS

Um MS
BTS

A BSS
BSC
TRAU

NSS
ISDN

MSC/VLR

GMSC

PSTN
X.25

PSPDN

V
HW&SW Changes for HSCSD HLR/AuC/EIR

A S

I N

GSM Phase 2+

C A M E L

GSM Networks
7

Evo t f lu ion rom GSM to UMTS (2 /12)

GSM offers 9.6 kb/s symmetric data connection To provide service, VAS platforms as service nodes and centers were added to the GSM (e.g. SMSC, VMS) Basic GSM and VAS are intended for mass people, to provide more individual services, IN were integrated with GSM (e.g. pre-paid, freephone, etc.) The capability limits support for data services HSCSD was introduced
Bit rate increased from 9.6 kb/s to 14.4 kb/s for channel coding 8 channels can be used, theoretical max bit rate is 115.2 kb/s, in reality bit rate is 40-50kb/s
8

Evo t f lu ion rom GSM to UMTS (GPRS) (3 /12)

NMS

Um MS
BTS

A BSS
BSC
TRAU

NSS
ISDN

MSC/VLR

GMSC

P STN
X.25

PSPDN

HLR/AuC/EIR HW&SW Changes for GPRS

V A S

I N

Gb

C A M E L

Other Data Netwrok

GPRS Packet Core SGSN GGSN

Interent

Introduction of GPRS
9

Evo t f lu ion rom GSM to UMTS (GPRS) (4 /12)

More data services were introduced, CS is not the best possible media for data traffic GPRS was introduced and brought PS services into GSM HW & SW changes in MS and BSS New network elements, SGSN, GGSN, etc. introduced Theoretical max speed is 171.2 kb/s using all 8 tiemslots In reality 1 4 timeslots are used due to HW limitations QoS can not be guaranteed due to
GPRS traffic is secondary traffic GPRS traffic uses unused network resources, which can not be known exactly in advance 10

Evo t f lu ion rom GSM to UMTS (ED G E) (5 /12)

NMS

Um MS
BTS

A E-RAN
BSC
TRAU

NSS
ISDN

MSC/VLR

GMSC

PSTN
X.25

PSPDN

HLR/AuC/EIR HW&SW Changes for EDGE

V A S

I N

Gb

C A M E L

Other Data Netwrok

E-GPRS Packet Core SGSN GGSN

Interent

Introduction EDGE to GPRS system

11

Evo t f lu ion rom GSM to UMTS(ED G E) (6 /12)

EDGE uses 8-PSK modulation enhancing thtoughput for both GPRS and HSCSD Phase 1:
E-GPRS: data rate for PS traffic increased to 384 kb/s BSS changed as E-RAN

Phase 2:
E-HSCSD: same speed for CS traffic (384 kb/s)

EDGE can deliver 3G mobile multimedia services using existing frequencies, bandwidth and carrier structure
12

Evo t f lu ion rom GSM to UMTS U MTS (3G PP R99) (7 /12)

NMS

Um MS
BTS

E-RAN
BSC

CN CS Domain
ISDN

3G MSC/VLR Iu
HLR/AuC/EIR

3G GMSC
C M V A WE O AMA x S SE P E A L

PSTN
X.25

PSPDN

Uu UE
BS

Gb UTRAN
RNC

CN PS Domain SGSN Iu GGSN

Interent

Other Data Netwrok

3G network (3GPP R99)

13

Evo t f lu ion rom GSM to UMTS U MTS (3G PP R99) (8 /12)

3G introduces new radio access network UTRAN UTRAN uses WCDMA as radio access technology WCDMA is a global system for 3G mobile communicaitons Interoperability of GSM/UMTS
E-RAN is modified to broadcast system information of WCDMA Interworking functionality is introduced into 2G MSC/VLR for handling WCDMA

14

Evo t f lu ion rom GSM to UMTS U MTS (Features af r R99) (9 te /12)

Separation of connection, its control and services Conversion to full IP 3G networks Provision of enhanced multimedia services Implementation of VHE GERAN enhancemant USAT enhancement IMS implementation End-to-end QoS Enhancement of existing services and introduciton of new services
15

Evo t f lu ion rom GSM to UMTS U MTS (3G PP R4) (10 /12)
NMS

Um MS
BTS

E-RAN
BSC

CN CS Domain
VLR/MSC Server GMSC Server ISDN

MGW Iu
HLR/AuC/EIR

MGW
C M V A WE O AMA x S SE P E A L U S V AH T E

PSTN

CSPDN

Uu UE
BS

Gb UTRAN
RNC

CN PS Domain SGSN Iu GGSN

IP, Multimedia

3G Network (3GPP R4)

16

Evo t f lu ion rom GSM to UMTS U MTS (3G PP R5) (11 /12)
NMS

Um MS
BTS
IP /A T M

C N C S D o m a in G ERAN
BSC

Iu

V L R /M S C S e rv e r

GMSC S e rv e r

IS D N

MGW

MGW

P STN

CSPDN

Uu UE
BS
IP /A T M

IP /A T M
U TR AN
RNC

HSS (H L R /A u C ) & E IR

IM S

SGSN

GG SN
IP , M u ltim e d ia

C N P S D o m a in
C A M E L M E X E U S A T

V A S

W A P

O S A

V H E

3G Network (3GPP R5)

17

Evo t f lu ion rom GSM to UMTS U MTS (3G PP R5/R6 A lIP) (12 l /12)
NMS

Um
ISDN

MS
BTS
IP/ATM

GERAN
BSC

PSTN

CSPDN

IMS Iu SGSN GGSN

IP, Multimedia

Uu UE
BS
IP/ATM

IP/ATM

CN PS Domain UTRAN
RNC
HSS (HLR/AuC) &EIR
C M U V A WE O S V AMA x S A H SE P E A T E L

All IP Vision (3GPP R5/R6)

18

U MTS Arch tec re (UTRAN) (1 i tu /11)

UTRAN

Iu b
BS

RNS RNC

BS

(U E )
BS

Iu r
RNS RNC
BS

C o re N e tw o rk (C N )

Uu

Iu b

Iu

UTRAN architecture

19

U MTS Arch tec re (RNC) (2/11) i tu

Iub Iu

To/from the BSs

I N T E R F A C E U N I T S UTR AN Control Functions

(W ideband) Sw itching

I N T E R F A C E O&M Interface U N I T S

To/from Core Network

Iur

Radio Resource M anagem ent (RRM )

To/from Other RNCs

To/from NM S

RNC logical structure

20

U MTS Arch tec re (RNC) (3/11) i tu

RRM: Located in both UE and RNC

Handover, power control, admission control, packet scheduling and code management.

UTRAN Control Functions

System information broadcasting, Radio access and signaling bearer set-up, RB management, security, mobility management, database handling, positioning.

21

U MTS Arch tec re (CN) (4 11) i tu /

PSTN Gi Gp

R99 CN GMSC GGSN

AuC
C
PSTN PSTN

Gc Gn Gr

HLR
D G F

EIR
Gf Gs

VLR
B

VLR
B

SGSN

MSC
E

MSC

Gb

IuCS

IuPS

BSS BSC
Abis

RNS
Iur

RNC
Iubis

RNC

BTS Um

BTS

Node B
cell

Node B

Uu

interfaces supporting user traffic interfaces supporting signalling

CN architecture (3GPP R99)

22

U MTS Arch tec re (CN) (5 11) i tu /

PSTN PSTN PSTN Gi Gp

CSMGW

Mc

GMSC server
C
Nc Mh

GGSN

Gc

HLR

PSTN Nb

AuC
Gr

Gn

D G F

EIR
Gf Gs

VLR
B

E Nc

VLR
B

SGSN

MSC server
Mc

MSC server
Mc

CN CS-MGW
Nb A Gb IuCS IuPS

CS-MGW

BSS BSC
Abis

RNS
Iur

RNC
Iub

RNC

BTS Um

BTS

Node B
cell

Node B

Uu

interfaces supporting user traffic interfaces supporting signalling

CN architecture (3GPP R4)

23

U MTS Arch tec re (CN) (6 11) i tu /

PSTN PSTN PSTN Go Gi Gp

CSMGW

Mc

GMSC server
C

GGSN

Gc

Nc PS TN Nb

HSS ( HLR,AuC)
D Gn Gr

EIR
F Gf Gs

VLR
B

G E Nc

VLR
B

SGSN

MSC server
Mc

MSC server
Mc

CN CS-MGW
Nb A IuCS Gb IuPS IuCS IuPS

CS-MGW

BSS BSC
Abis

RNS
Iur

RNC
Iub

RNC

BTS Um

BTS

Node B
cell

Node B

Uu

interfaces supporting user traffic interfaces supporting signalling

Basic configuration CN (3GPP R5)

24

U MTS Arch tec re ( i tu IMS) (7 11) /

Iinternet & Corporate IP

PS CN
UTRAN
BS

RNC

SGSN

GGSN

IMS CN
P-CSCF

MGW

HSS

I-CSCF

MGCF

S-CSCF

BGCF

GERAN
BTS

BSC

CS CN
MSC Server GMSC Server PSTN/ISDN MGW MGW

Introduction of IMS (3GPP R5)

25

U MTS Arch tec re ( i tu IMS) (8 11) /

IP Multimedia Networks PSTN
Mb Mb PSTN

Legacy mobile signalling Networks

BGCF
PSTN Mk Mk

CSCF
Mm Mw

Mj

BGCF
Mi Cx

C, D, Gc, Gr

IMSMGW
Mb

MGCF
Mn Mg Mr

CSCF
Mw Dx

HSS SLF

MRFP
Mp Mb Mb Mb

MRFC

PDF

P-CSCF UE
Gm Go

IM Subsystem

CSCF: Call Session Control Function P-CSCF: Proxy CSCF S-CSCF: Serving CSCF I-CSCF: Interrogating CSCF SLF: Subscription Locator Function PDF: Policy Decision Function

M GCF: Media Gateway Control Function IM S-M GW: IMS Media Gateway Function M RFC: Multimedia Resource Function Controller M RFP: Multimedia Resource Function Processor BGCF: Breakout Gateway Control Function

Configuration of IMS entities

26

U MTS Arch tec re ( i tu IMS) (9 11) /

Service Platform

Serving CSCF Mw

Home Network

P-CSCF UE Gm
Home/Visited Network

External Service Platform

IMS service (VHE)

27

U MTS Arch tec re (UE) (10 11) i tu /

E n d -to -e n d in te rfa c e

U s e rs a p p lic a tio n

A n o th e r U s e rs A p p lic a tio n

TE
R

DTE

TA U S IM Cu U IC C MT NT Tu RT

Hom e N e tw o rk S e rv in g N e tw o rk T ra n s it N e tw o rk

Iu
UTRAN

ME UE

UE reference architecture

28

U MTS Arch tec re (UE) (11 11) i tu /

Classification based on MTs capability

Single radiomode MT Can utilize only one type of radio interface for user traffic. Can use several radio termiantions for user traffic. Can use only one type of core network, PS, CS or PS/CS. Support several core networks such as both the UMTS core network and GSM. NSS

Classification based on subscribers and their needs

Classic terminal Equivalent to the present sellular phone, able to handle both GSM and WCDMA rado access but not necessarily simultaneously Contains both GSM and WCDMA radio access and can automatically select the access method based on available coverage and requested service. Combination of cellular phone and palm/laptop, contains plenty of applications to handle the multimedia connections and services. Serve special purposes such as positioning, etc. and will be integrated together with other equipment.

Multi-radiomode MT

Dual mode

Single network MT

Multimedia terminal

Multi-network MT

Special terminals

UMTS terminals classification

29

U MTS Protoco (1/4 ls )

UE

BS

RNC

M S C /V LR S G S N

SM SC GGSN

U ser P la n e C o n tro l P lan e S ystem N etw o rk L a yer U ser P la n e C o n tro l P lan e R ad io N etw o rk L a yer U ser P la n e C o n tro l P lan e T ran sp ort N etw o rk L a yer

Uu

Iub

Iu

E / Gn

UMTS protocol internetworking architecture

30

U MTS Protoco ( ls Radio In er t face) (2/4 )

C -plane signalling U -plane inform ation

RRC control control control control

control

L3
R adio B earers PDCP PDCP

L 2/PD C P
BMC

L 2/B M C

R LC R LC R LC R LC R LC R LC R LC

R LC

L 2/R L C

Logical C hannels M AC

L 2/M A C
T ransport C hannels

PHY

L1

Radio Interface protocol architecture

31

U MTS Protoco ( ls Cont l Pl ro ane) (3 /4)

Control Plane (Signaling Plane) TE MT UTRAN ATM switch SGSNGGSN
SM/ GMM RANAP ATM ARP server server AAL5 ATM SCCP MTP3 AAL5 ATM GTP-C UDP IP IPOA AAL5 ATM

MSC _VLR /HLR

BSSAP+/ MAP TCAP SCCP MTP3 MTP2 E1

GGSN

ISP

SM/ GMM

Replay RANAP RRC RLC MAC

GTP-C UDP IP IPOA AAL5 ATM

DHCP/ RADIUS UDP IP 802.3

DHCP/ RADIUS UDP IP L2(802.3)

PPP

PPP

RRC RLC MAC

SCCP MTP3 AAL5 ATM

L1

L1 Radio Radio

FE

L1(FE)

SM: Session management GMM: GPRS mobility management RRC: Radio resource control RLC: Radio Link Control MAC: Medium Access Control RANAP: Radio Access Network Application Protocol SCCP: Signaling Connection Control Part MTP3/2: Message Transfer Part 3/2 PDCP: Packet Data Convergence Protocol

SAAL: Siganaling ATM adaptation layer AAL5: ATM adaptation layer 5 GTP-C/U: GPRS Tunneling Protocol-Control/User IPoA: IP over ATM UDP: User Datagram Protocol BSSAP: Base Station System GPRS Application Part MAP: Mobile Application Part TCAP: Transaction Capabilities Application Part PPP: Point to Point Protocol

SGSNMSC_HLR
BSSAP+ TCAP SCCP MTP3 MTP2(SAAL) E1(ATM)

SGSNHLR
MAP TCAP SCCP MTP3 MTP2(SAAL) E1(ATM)

GGSNHLR
MAP TCAP SCCP MTP3 MTP2(SAAL) E1(ATM)

UMTS control plane protocol stack

32

U MTS Protoco ( ls User P lane) (4 ) /4

User Plane (Traffic Plane) TE MT UTRAN ATM switch SGSNGGSN GGSN

Relay Relay Relay GTP-U PDCP UDP IP RLC MAC L1 L1 Radio RLC MAC Radio IPOA AAL5 ATM ATM ARP server server AAL5 ATM Relay GTP-U UDP IP IPOA AAL5 ATM GTP-U UDP IP IPOA AAL5 ATM IP GTP-U UDP IP IPOA AAL5 ATM FE L1 IPinIP IPinIP

ISP

Application

Application

IP

PDCP PPP PPP

IP 802.3

IP L2

UMTS user plane protocol stack

33

U MTS Serv ices (1 2) /

S e rvice c ate g o ry M o b ile In tran e t/ E x tra n e t A cc e s s A p p lic atio n s M e s s ag ing (E -m a il), T rave l as s is ta n c e (W W W ) M o b ile sales, T echnical services T e le w o rk ing , A c ce s s to corp o rate data ba s e V id e o te le p ho n y, C o nfe re n c in g F le e t m a n ag em e nt, W are h a o u se M e s s ag ing (E -m a il, S M S , M M S ) D o w n lo a d vid e o , m u sic, s tre am in g V o IP , V id e o o ve r IP m -b a nk ing m -com m e rce (m -p urch asing ), trad ing w w w trave l w w w In fo s ervic e s Inform atio n (p h oto, vid e o , m u sic d ow n loa d ) w w w trave l E d u ca tio n (sc h o o ls , un iv e rsitie s ) M o b ile m e s sa g ing , C h attin g (S M S , M M S ) G a m ing m -s h op p ing , b a nk ing , e -w a llet, m icro-p a ym en t E xte n s io n o f S M S M M S : Im ag e, V id eo, U n ifie d m e ssag ing , M o b ile p o stc ard, vid eo /au d io clip M S O ffice d o cum ent M o b ile c ha ttin g M a c h in e to m a c hin e c om m u n ic atio n s P h o to m es s ag ing M u s ic V id e o m es s ag ing N a vig a tio n (p e rso n c ar) L o ca lized In fo (ye llo w p a g e s) L o ca tio n-b a se d m -c om m e rc e T e le m atic s T rad in g (ve hicle , g o o d s, p e rso n ) T e le p h on y/C onfere n cing V id e o -te lep h o n y, c o nferen c in g , p res en c e T e le m e d ic in e T e le w o rk ing (b u ild in g in dus try e tc .) M u ltim e d ia co m m u nic atio n (IM S ) U s e rs M o b ile o ffic e , B u s in e ss u s er B u s in e ss u s er, C o n su m er R e ve n u e s (2 0 10 ) 15%

M o b ile In tern e t A c c e ss

3%

C u s to m iz e d In fo tainm e n t

B u s in e ss u s er, C o n su m er

28%

M u ltim e d ia M e s s a g in g

U ser

15%

L o c atio n -b a s ed S e rv ic es

U ser

3%

R ich V o ic e

U ser

34%

34

U MTS Serv ices (2 2) /

M-Office E-Mail Infoprovisio E-Pay Instant Messaging Telematics Music Video Broking Map based Info Personal Info Management Video Conferencing Ticketing Banking Gambling Telemetry Dispatch Service Platforms Advertising Health Care New Applications Provided by 3rd parties, Users, Operators

Data Bearer /GPRS/MMS/xHTML/JAVA Download/IMS

Internet Access

Intranet Access

Infotainment

MMS

LBS

Rich Voice

Service Categories provided by Operators

Service Provision

35

U MTS Vendors (1 2) /

Vendors
Ericsson Nokia Siemens (NEC) Nortel NEC (Siemens) Alcatel Lucent Motorola 33 % 32 % 15 % 8% 4% 4% 3% 1%

Market shares

Estimation of UMTS (WCDMA) sales volume market share (late 2001)

36

U MTS Vendors (2 2) /
Ericsson provides the whole range of 2G and 3G Mobile Systems and end-to-end system elements including infrastructure, terminals, applications and expertise. Nokia provides the whole systems from terminals and base stations to core network solutions for GSM, GPRS and UMTS. The products spread in a wide range with various models. Siemens in partnership with NEC provides UMTS radio solution (FDD and TDD), carrier-class switching for UMTS and many kinds of enabling services for 3G systems. Nortel offers end-to-end UMTS network solution including terminals, radio access networks and core networks for UMTS systems. NEC offers products in the fields of mobile communications and optical networks. Alcatel offers second 2G and 3G solutions from networks, applications and terminals to implementation and operation. Lucent provides 3G solutions - CDMA and UMTS. Currently, Lucent delivers 3G networks. Motorola is developing UMTS systems based on its CDMA technology. 37

Termina Ava lab lt (1 ) l i iiy /5

Nokia 6650 (Commercial deliveries in first half 2003)

built-in camera for shooting video at over ten frames per second 4096-color display MMS capability for sending and receiving clips Work both in GSM 900/1800 networks and in the new WCDMA networks. In the WCDMA network talk, snap, and send pictures simultaneously. Bluetooth capability
38

Termina Ava lab lt (2 ) l i iiy /5

LG UMTS Handset(available by 3Q.'02)

High Speed Data Transmission, Multimedia Player Built-in Camera, 2.2" TFD Color LCD MPEG4 for Video Streaming/Download Bluetooth, USB connectivity Postion Location Voice Recognition
39

Termina Ava lab lt (3 ) l i iiy /5

FO M A Ser (avai le in 2002/2003) ies lab High speed packet data transmission (receiving speeds of up to 384Kbps) Circuit switched data transmission speed up to 64kbps Multitask feature performs up to 3 activities simultaneously; voice call, use of i-mode and a terminal function such as scheduler, calculator, address book etc External connector USB interface
40

Termina Ava lab lt (4 ) l i iiy /5

Siemens U10 (October 2002) Color screen Work in both in both WCDMA networks and in GSM/GPRS 900/1800/1900 frequency bands Integrated camera. Data stream up to 384 kb/s Bluetooth, USB or infrared connectivity Wap 2.0, MMS, Video clip, e-mail and MP3
41

Termina Ava lab lt (5 ) l i iiy /5

Motorola A835 (Second half 2003) Support GPRS/EDGE/WCDMA Multi-functional voice/data Integrated video camera Multi-call, multi-task Bluetooth Embedded MP3 player 256 MB of memory
42

/ Su m m ary (1 2)
Specifications Side
3GPP R99, R4, and R5 have been frozen. R6 is estimated to be finalized in December 2003. 3G/UMTS reveals a splendid world to all kinds of consumers, it intends to make everything available on moving, no matter when, where, who and what.

Vendors Side
Many vendors and operators have involved in 3G ventures. Most of them have already launched their 3G/UMTS products and push them to real operation or put them under trial. It is estimated that only the key 3G vendors have been developing corresponding to R4/R5 products or have already had R4/R5 products partly.
43

/ Su m m ary (2 2)
Users Side
3G/UMTS terminals are no longer just simple phones. Users have to update their minds with new concepts for fully utilizing the functionalities of their new UMTS terminals and avoiding waste money and resources.

Markets Side
The most prospective potential markets for 3G/UMTS are still Asia Pacific Area, USA and Europe. Compared to PSDN and GSM, 3G/UMTS systems are luxury systems for most of the ordinary users, especially at the beginning.

Final Words
To reach All IP, the vendors have to overcome all the critical technical problems such as delay and other QoS related issues, the operators have to expand the coverage of 3G/UMTS systems with great financial support, and the users have to refresh their mind for using it.
44

References
3GPP: <http://www.3gpp.org> 3GPP: 3GPP Specifications - Release contents and functionality, 2002-10-01 <http://www.3gpp.org/specs/releasescontents.htm> 3GPP: TS 23.002 Network Architecture, Release 1999, V3.6.0 2002-09 3GPP: TS 23.002 Network Architecture, Release 4, V4.6.0 2002-12 3GPP: TS 23.002 Network Architecture, Release 5, V5.6.0 2002-12 3GPP: TS 23.228 IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), Stage 2, Release 5, V5.7.0, 2002-12 Holma Harri, Toskala Antti: WCDMA for UMTs: Radio Access for Third Generation Mobile Communications, 07 March, 2001, ISBN: 0471486876 Halonen Timo, etc.: GSM, GPRS and EDGE Performance, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, England, 2002, ISBN 0470 84457 4 Kaaranen Heikki, etc.: UMTS Networks Architecture, Mobility and Services, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, England, 2001, ISBN 0471 48654 X UMTS Forum: <http://www.umts-forum.org/servlet/dycon/ztumts/umts/Live/en/umts/Home> UMTS World: <http://www.umtsworld.com/>

45

Thank You!

46