Eddy Egan February 22, 2007

Tuliszewski Period ½
Section Assessment 11-1 Page 266
1. What are dominant and recessive alleles?
 The principal of dominance states that some alleles are dominant and
others are recessive

2. What is segregation? What happens to alleles during segregation?

 Segregation - Separation of alleles during gamete formation
 When each F1 plant flowers and produces gametes, the two alleles
segregate from each other so that each gamete carries only a single copy
of each gene. Therefore, each F1 plant produces two types of gametes-
those with the allele for tallness and those with the allele for shortness.

3. What did Mendel conclude determines biological inheritance?

 Determined by factors that are passed from one generation to the next.

4. Describe how Mendel cross-pollinated pea plants.

 .Mendel cut off the male parts of each plant therefore stopping self
pollination; afterwards he took the pollen from male parts and then dusted
them on female parts of another plant. This made it possible for plants to
get traits from two parents.

5. Why did only about one fourth of Mendel’s F2 plants exhibit the recessive trait?
 When each F1 plant flowers and produces gametes, the two alleles
segregate from each other so that each gamete carries only a single copy
of each gene. Therefore, each F1 plant produces two types of gametes-
those with the allele for tallness and those with the allele for shortness.
The alleles are paired up again when gametes fuse during fertilization. The
TT and Tt allele combinations produce tall pea plant; tt is the only allele
combination that produces a short pea plant.

6. Why were true-breeding pea plants important for Mendel’s experiments?

 If the plants were not true bred the experiment would not be controlled
and would not be a biased study.