Eddy Egan December 18, 2006

Tuliszewski Period ½
Page 197 #20-24

20. What is meant by the concentration of a solution? Give a specific example of

concentration involving volume and mass.
- The concentration of a solution is the mass of solute in a given of solution, or
mass/volume. An example is 12 grams of salt in 3 liters of water, the concentration of the
solution would be 12 g/3 L or 4 g/L.

21. Describe the process of diffusion. Name and describe the condition that exists when
the diffusion of a particular substance is complete.
- Diffusion is the process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they are
more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated. The condition that exists
when the diffusion of a particular substance is complete is equilibrium and happens when
the concentration of a solute is the same throughout.

22. What is the relationship between osmosis and diffusion? By definition, what’s the
only substance that carries out osmosis?
- Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane. By
definition water is the only substance that carries out diffusion.

23. Using the example of a cell in a sugar solution, explain what is meant by an isotonic
solution.
- An isotonic solution has the same concentration in the cell that is outside of the cell in a
solution. Otherwise stated as “Same Strength.”

24. Name and describe the cell structure that helps prevent damage to certain cells when
they are subjected to high osmotic pressure.
- Osmosis exerts a pressure known as osmotic pressure on the hypertonic side of a
selectively permeable membrane. When water comes into the cell the same amount of
water should come out of the cell to keep it balanced.