Eddy Egan

October 3, 2007

Exercise 2.3 Isotopes

(a) 36Ar, 38Ar, 40Ar
(b) 69Ga- 31 Protons, 38 neutrons 71Ga- 31 protons, 40 neutrons Abundance of 71Ga-
39.9%
Exercise 2.4
(.7577)(34.96885 amu) + (1.2423)(36.96590 amu) = 35.45 amu

1. Protons- Positive and part of nucleus, Neutrons-Neutral and part of the nucleus,
and Electrons-Negative and smallest particle of the atom.
2. Atomic Mass Unit- The unit of a scale of relative atomic masses of the elements.
3. The atomic number of an atom is determined by the number of protons in the
nucleus. The mass number of an atom is determined by the average mass of a
representative sample of atom.
4. The discovery of radioactivity revealed that atoms in certain substances emitted
different rays. They also found there to be three different kinds of rays (Alpha,
Beta, Gamma) It also revealed that atoms are in fact divisible and made up of
smaller subatomic particles.
5. J.J. Thomson had proved the existence of electrons and it properties. Robert
Millikan then measured the charge on the electron. Ernest Rutherford and J.J.
Thomson’s work was much related since they had worked together at Cambridge.
6. About 6 kilometers
7. Rn- Radon

21. (a) 58
(b) 244
(c) 184

22. 39/19K, 84/36Kr, 60/27Co

26. 43 Protons, 43 Electrons, and 56 neutrons

27. Electrons-
Protons- 95
Neutrons- 146