ATV-DVWK-M 127 E, Part 2

Appendix A1 Determination of the trench length and the supporting forces with draw-in/push-in of the pipe string (Case 2)
Explanatory notes
1. Calculation model The required draw-in trench length lOC for Case 2 is determined: free length at upper edge of trench, draw-in with clearance between old pipe and liner. lOC results from the following conditions: specified height difference hOC = invert of old pipe up to deflection roller at the edge of the trench (minus clearance) maximum 3 % elongation or compression set in the liner maintenance of security against buckling of 1.5 for the pressed area of the liner.

2. Parameters HDPE liner PN 3.2 to PN 10 de = 160 to 1000 mm stress-dependent moduli of elasticity: E=3 = 970 n/mm2 and E=15 = 500 N/mm2 mean temperature = +20C flat ground (OC = 0) and negligible slope of old pipe (P = 0) clearance of the liner in the old pipe h = di - dL,e = 0 to 0.5 dL.e no additional support.

3. Interpolation Interpolation may be carried out between curves.

70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0

h/dL,e = 0 0.5 0.1 0.3

min l OC /dL,e

10
hOC/dL,e

15

20

25

Diagram A1/1:

Required trench length lOC for HDPE pipes PN 3.2 with draw-in into an old pipe (clearance h/dL,e)

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ATV-DVWK-M 127 E, Part 2

160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0

A1/gL, A2/gL

A1

h/dL,e = 0

0.1 0.5 to 0 A2 0.3 0.5

10
hOC/dL,e

15

20

25

Diagram A1/2:

Support forces of HDPE pipes PN 3.2 at the old pipe (A1) and at the edge of the trench (A2) with draw-in into an old pipe (clearance h/dL,e)

70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0

min l OC /dL,e

h/dL,e = 0 0,5 0.1 0.3

10
hOC/dL,e

15

20

25

Diagram A1/3:

Required trench length lOC for HDPE pipes PN 4 with draw-in into an old pipe (clearance h/dL,e)

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200 150 100 50 0 0 5 10

hG/dL,e
Diagram A1/4: Support forces of HDPE pipes PN 4 at the old pipe (A1) and at the edge of the trench (A2) with draw-in into an old pipe (clearance h/dL,e)

A1/gL, A2/gL

A1
0.1 0.5 to 0 A2

h/dL,e = 0 0.3 0.5

15

20

25

50 40
min lOC/dL,e
h/dL,e = 0 0.5 0.1 0.3

30 20 10 0 0 5 10
hOC/dL,e

15

20

25

Diagram A1/5:

Required trench length lOC for HDPE pipes PN 6 with draw-in into an old pipe (clearance h/dL,e)

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300 250
A1/gL, A2/gL

200 150 100 50 0 0

A1
0.5 to 0 A2

h/dL,e = 0 0.1 0.3 0.5

10
hOC/dL,e

15

20

25

Diagram A1/6:

Support forces of HDPE pipes PN 6 at the old pipe (A1) and at the edge of the trench (A2) with draw-in into an old pipe (clearance h/dL,e)

45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0

h/dL,e = 0

min lOC/dL,e

0.5 0.1 0.3

10
hOC/dL,e

15

20

25

Diagram A1/7:

Required trench length lOC for HDPE pipes PN 10 with draw-in into an old pipe (clearance h/dL,e)

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300 250
A1/gL, A2/gL

200 150 100 50 0 0

A1
0.1 0.5 to 0 A2 0.3 0,5 h/dL,e = 0

10
hOC/dL,e

15

20

25

Diagram A1/8:

Support forces of HDPE pipes PN 10 at the old pipe (A1) and at the edge of the trench (A2) with draw-in into an old pipe (clearance h/dL,e)

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ATV-DVWK-M 127 E, Part 2

Appendix 2 Bending moment and normal force coefficients m and n for loading with annular space filling
Bending moment coefficient m Bedding case I (rigid liner) Case A mW 1) mg Case B mF 2) mg Normal force coefficient n Case A nW 1) ng Case B nF 2) ng

for sketches see m

Crown = 0 Springer

0.250

0.500 -0.394 -0.571 -0.641 1.500

0.750 -0.320 -0.285 -0.197 0.250

-1.500 0.641 0.571 0.394 -0.500

0.750 0.303 0.215 0.180 1.250

0.500 -1.135 -1.571 -1.900 -0.500

-0.750 -1.820 -1.785 -1.697 -1.250

0.500 1.900 1.571 1.135 -0.500

75 -0.197 90 -0.285 105 -0.320 180 0.750

Invert

II/90 (flexible liner)

for sketches see m

Crown = 0 Springer

0.184

0.367 -0.323 -0.429 -0.427 0.365

0.182 -0.214 -0.214 -0.161 0.184

-0.365 0.427 0.429 0.323 -0.367

0.613 0.268 0.215 0.215 0.611

0.225 -1.206 -1.571 -1.828 -1.777

-1.389 -1.785 -1.785 -1.732 -1.387

1.777 1.828 1.571 1.206 -0.225

75 -0.161 90 -0.214 105 -0.214 180 0.182

Invert III/60 (separator, 2A = 2 30

for sketches see m

Crown = 0 Springer

0.176

0.352 -0.317 -0.416 -0.408 0.143

0.072 -0.204 -0.208 -0.159 0.176

-0.413 0.408 0.416 0.317 -0.352

0.599. 0.264 0.215 0.219 0.494

0.198 -1.213 -1.571 -1.821 -2.011

-1.506 -1.781 -1.785 -1.736 -1.401

2.011 1.821 1.571 1.213 -0.198

75 -0.159 90 -0.208 105 -0.204 180 0.072

Invert

1) mF = -mW ;nF = -nW 2) mW = -mF; nW = -nF

Case A: sinking of the liner Case B: floating of liner

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Appendix A3/1 Summary of the Verification of the Service Condition

- results of sewer inspection (comp. Checklist, Appx. A7) 1. Preceding
investigations

- longitudinal cracks - imperfections: local prestrain wv (as a rule 2% of rL) articulated ring prestrain wAR,v (ovalisation) gap formation ws (dependent on lining method) - other damage (invert washout, gaps in sleeves, sleeve offset, defects etc.) no longitudinal cracks longitudinal cracks

2. Additional examinations

Testing of the old pipe-soil system Long-term observation of Soil characteristic values E2, , if vertical pipe deformation nec. c from ram soundings or other wAR,v examinations and arithmetic verification Eqn. (6.1-3) Appx. 6

Old pipe-soil system: stable 3. Static system Old Pipe Condition I

wAR,v small Old Pipe Condition II

wAR,v large

long-term no longer stable

Old Pipe Condition III

4. Effects (loads etc.)

- external water pressure pe min hW,Inv = 1.5 m or de + 0.1 m - internal pressure pi - temperature change - dead-weight gL - etc. - local prestrain wv - gap formation ws

- as for Old Pipe Cond. 1

- earth load pE - traffic loads pv - if nec. additionally pe - as for Old Pipe Cond. I - articulated ring prestrain wAR,v if pe is present: additional - local prestrain wv - gap formation ws

5. Imperfections

- as for Old Pipe Cond. I, additional articulated ring pre-forming wAR,v - as for Old Pipe Cond. I - additionally: account for wAR,v - coefficients in Appx. A4 - or second-order theory

6. Verification liner: stresses + deformation

Accounting for wv,ws: - m/n/v coefficients for pe in Appx. A4+Eqn. (6.15) = N/A+k M/W (6.17) - v i.a.w. Eqn. (6.20) - or second-order theory - pe,crit = v,s . .ST . SL (6.23) with v,s v s (6.25) - or second-order theory with corrosion wear: stress verification with reduced wall thickness s

Accounting for wAR,v: - m/n/v coefficients for pe in Appx. A4+Eqn. (6.15) with pe: m/n/v coefficient in Appx. A4 + interaction -or second order theory qv,crit = 167 . qv . (sL/rL)2.2 (6.38) - with pe: interaction (6.41) - -or second-order theory
-

Stability

- as for Cond. I, approx: v,s v . ARv. s (6.25) - or second-order theory

7. If required verification of old pipe

- compressive stresses F
in the old pipe linkages

- compressive

stresses F in the old pipe linkages

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Appendix A3/2 Explanatory notes on old pipe conditions

Old pipe condition Longitudinal cracks Visual differences between Old Pipe Condition II-III Arithmetic differences between Old Pipe Conditions II-III I II X Slight ovalisation of cross-section wAR,v < 3-5 % =
q SBh max v S q v , exist Bh

III X X

Greater ovalisation of cross-section wAR,v > 3.5 % (see also Appx. A6) = max v Bh < 1.5 S q v , exist Bh (see 6.2, mainly loading from pE) pE + pV (pE +PV) +pe
q S

1.5 Fundamental loading of the liner Loading effects Liner in frictional connection Substitute loading with pe = 0 (6.3.1.2) Safety coefficient nec (Table 4) Soil parameters Concentration factor of soil above the pipe P (6.3.2.4) hW,Inv = de + 0.1 m, at least hW,Inv = 1.5 m 2.0 2.0 pe pe

Liner/old pipe/soil system mainly in positive locking 1.5 E2,,K2 in frictional connection and positive locking 2.0/1.5 E2,,K2

0.75 (cracks before rehabilitation), 1.5 (cracks after rehabilitation)

Prestrain for circular cross-sections (6.3.1.1): Local prestrain wv gap formation ws ovalisation wAR,v Example DN 500 SBh [N/mm2] = WAR,v = mpe,mq(sL = 7.5 mm) = mpe,mq(sL = 10 mm) = mpe,mq(sL = 12.5 mm)= npe,nq =
1) 2) 3) 4)

2% 0.5 % pe = 60 kN/m 2)

2% 0.5 % 3%
2

01) 0 3%
2

2 % with pe 0 3%

qv = 60 kN/m ,K2 = 0.2 3%

2)

2.5 3% 0.025
3)

5 3% ~ 0.015 0.020 0.040

0.044 0.035 ca. -1

0.061 0.050 ca. -1

0.050 0.080
4)

ca. -0.2

As the bending strain as opposed to the normal force strain dominates with positive locking loading, an application of local prestrain is not necessary. With sL < 10 mm the required buckling safety is undercut. With sL < 7.5 mm the required buckling safety is undercut. Note: m(max sL) > m(min sL) applies, i.e. liners with greater wall thickness receive greater coefficients! For this comp. the water pressure type of loading with reversed behaviour!

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The coefficients mpe and mq of the example show that, for Old Pipe Conditions I and II with external water pressure pe, stiffer liners are required. On the other hand, considering the danger of stability failure with Old Pipe Condition III and loading qv, non-rigid liners are an advantage.

Appendix 4 Bending moment and normal force coefficients mpe, npe and elastic deformation v,el of the liner under external water pressure pe (Old Pipe Conditions I and II).
Explanatory notes
1. Arithmetical model of the liner-old pipe system Rigidly bedded 360 annulus (plain framework) with rigid and movable bearings with prestrain and annular gap Exclusion of tensile and tangential forces between liner and old pipe (friction-free contact) Truly normal loading through external water pressure pe (unit weight W = 10 kN/m3) Disregarding of the dead-weight of liner to be on the safe side (L = 0) Iteration of the non-linear pressure bending and contact problem Load factor 2, following successful iteration the stress resultants are divided by 2 As a rule the invert of the liner is relevant with small water pressure possibly the crown.

2. Parameters Elasticity module EL = 1800 N/mm2 For EL > 1800 N/mm2 the coefficients lie on the safe side, for 1500 N/mm2 EL 3000 N/mm2 the deviation with mpe is less than 10 %. Local prestrain w v = 2 % of the liner radius, extension 40 % in the invert. Annular gap w s = 1 % of the liner radius (the coefficients for smaller annular gaps lie on the safe side). Old Pipe Condition II: articulated ring prestrain w AR,v = 3 % of the liner radius (ovalisation).

3. Interpolation of coefficients For the normal force coefficients npe no interpolation is required as this are approximately constant. npe = -0.8 applies with verification of tensile stresses, npe = -1.1 applies with verification of compressive stresses. Bending moment coefficients mpe in the are of approximately parallel curves a linear interpolation is permitted. In the area of heavy bending interpolation is to be non-linear.

Examples for non-linear interpolation of the coefficients mpe

mpe
Reading

Input: 3.7 m

max hw [m]
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0,12 0,10 0,08 Invert mpe 0,06 0,04 0,02 0,00 1 2 3 4 5 max hw above invert [m] 6 7
6.5 5

Old Pipe Condition II Old Pipe Condition I

sL [mm] =

DN 250

Crown (I and II)

3.5

6,5

Diagram A4/1: Bending moment coefficients mpe for liners under external water pressure pe, old pipe DN 200, Old Pipe Conditions I and II; liner EL = 1800 n/mm2

0,12 0,10 0,08

Old Pipe Condition II Old Pipe Condition I

sL [mm] =

DN 250

Invert mpe 0,06 0,04 0,02 0,00 1 2 3 4 5 max hw above invert [m]

6.5

Crown (I and II)

3.5

6.5

Diagram A4/2: Bending moment coefficients mpe for liners under external water pressure pe, old pipe DN 250, Old Pipe Conditions I and II; liner EL = 1800 n/mm2

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0,12 Old Pipe Condition II 0,10 0,08 mpe 0,06 0,04 0,02 0,00 1 2 3 4 5 max hw above invert [m] 6 7 Crown (I and II)
5 7,5 10

DN 300

Old Pipe Condition I

sL [mm] = 5

Invert

7.5 10

Diagram A4/3: Bending moment coefficients mpe for liners under external water pressure pe, old pipe DN 300, Old Pipe Conditions I and II; liner EL = 1800 n/mm2

0,12 Old Pipe Condition II 0,10 0,08 mpe Invert 0,06 0,04 0,02 0,00 1 2 3 4 5 max hw above invert [m] 6 7 Crown (I and II)
7.5 10 12.5 10 12.5 sL [mm] =

DN 400

Old Pipe Condition I

Diagram A4/4: Bending moment coefficients mpe for liners under external water pressure pe, old pipe DN 400, Old Pipe Conditions I and II; liner EL = 1800 n/mm2

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0,12 Old Pipe Condition II 0,10 0,08 mpe Invert 0,06

10

DN 500

Old Pipe Condition I

sL [mm] =

0,04 0,02 0,00 1 2 3 4 5 max hw above invert [m]

12.5

Crown (I and II)

7.5

10

12.5

Diagram A4/5: Bending moment coefficients mpe for liners under external water pressure pe, old pipe DN 500, Old Pipe Conditions I and II; liner EL = 1800 n/mm2

0,12 0,10 0,08 Invert mpe 0,06 0,04

15 12.5

Old Pipe Condition II Old Pipe Condition I

DN 600

sL [mm] = 10

0,02 0,00 1

Crown (I and II)

10

12.5

15

3 4 5 max hw above invert [m]

Diagram A4/6: Bending moment coefficients mpe for liners under external water pressure pe, old pipe DN 600, Old Pipe Conditions I and II; liner EL = 1800 n/mm2

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5 Old Pipe Condition II 4 3 2 1

6.5

DN 200

Old Pipe Condition I

sL [mm] = 3.5

dv,el [%]

0 1 2 3 4 5 max hw above invert [m] 6 7

Diagram A4/7: Elastic deformation v,el for liners under external water pressure pe, old pipe DN 200, Old Pipe Conditions I and II; liner EL = 1800 n/mm2

5 4 3

Old Pipe Condition II Old Pipe Condition I

sL [mm] = 3.5

DN 250

dv,el [%]

2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 max hw above invert [m] 6 7

6.5

Diagram A4/8:

Elastic deformation v,el for liners under external water pressure pe, old pipe DN 250, Old Pipe Conditions I and II; liner EL = 1800 n/mm2

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5 4 3 2 1

Old Pipe Condition II Old Pipe Condition I

DN 300

dv,el [%]

sL [mm] = 5 7.5

10

0 1 2 3 4 5 max hw above invert [m] 6 7

Diagram A4/9: Elastic deformation v,el for liners under external water pressure pe, old pipe DN 300, Old Pipe Conditions I and II; liner EL = 1800 n/mm2

5 4 3 2 1 0 1

Old Pipe Condition II Old Pipe Condition I

DN 400

sL [mm] = 7.5

dv,el [%]

10

12.5

3 4 5 max hw above invert [m]

Diagram A4/10:

Elastic deformation v,el for liners under external water pressure pe, old pipe DN 400, Old Pipe Conditions I and II; liner EL = 1800 n/mm2

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5 4 3 2 1 0 1

Old Pipe Condition II Old Pipe Condition I

DN 500

sL [mm] = 7.5

dv,el [%]

10

12.5

3 4 5 max hw above invert [m]

Diagram A4/11:

Elastic deformation v,el for liners under external water pressure pe, old pipe DN 500, Old Pipe Conditions I and II; liner EL = 1800 n/mm2

Old Pipe Condition II

4

Old Pipe Condition I

DN 600
sL [mm] = 10

dv,el [%]

3 12.5 2 15 1

0 1 2

max hw above invert [m]

Diagram A4/12:

Elastic deformation v,el for liners under external water pressure pe, old pipe DN 600, Old Pipe Conditions I and II; liner EL = 1800 n/mm2

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