CentOS Book

1
1. MBR (Master Boot Record)

2. Primary Partition
3. Extended Partition
4. Logical Partition
MBR
MBR Master Boot Record MBR MBR
IPL (Initial Program Loader) 446 byte
Partition table 66 byte 1-1
Initial Program Loader
(IPL) 466 Byte
Partition table
66 Byte
1-1 MBR
3 Primary, Extended Logical
Primary 4
1 Extended Extended Logical 1-2 1-3
1-2 Partition 1 4 Extended
1-3 Partition 2 2 Extended

IDE 63 SCSI
15 Logical partition Partition 5
CentOS http://linux.sothorn.org
IDE IDE
Primary Master
/dev/hda
Primary Slave
/dev/hdb
Secondary Master
/dev/hdc
Secondary Slave
/dev/hdd
/dev/hda1, /dev/hda2 ..., /dev/hdb1,
/dev/hdb2..., /dev/hdc1, /dev/hdc2...
SCSI SCSI ID
SCSI ID 0
/dev/sda
SCSI ID 1
/dev/sdb
SCSI ID 2
/dev/sdc
SCSI ID 3
/dev/sdd
SCSI ID..
/dev/sd...
SCSI
IDE /dev/sda1, /dev/sda2..., /dev/sdb1,
/dev/sdb2..., /dev/sdc1, /dev/sdc2... SATA partition SCSI
1-4 IDE , SCSI SATA
CD DVD
Red Hat CentOS
1. CD / DVD
2. NFS NFS Network file system
CD
3. HTTP
4. FTP FTP
5. Hard Disk
6. Kickstart kickstart

/ (), /boot, swap / swap

mail
/boot
Kernel
/
/home
user
/var/mail
mail
/tmp
swap
RAM
MySQL
/boot
Kernel
/
/var/lib/mysql
MySQL
/backup
/tmp
swap
RAM
/boot 100 MB
/
3-5 GB
/tmp 256 MB
swap 2 RAM 2 GB Red Hat Enterprise
CentOS RAM 2 GB 2 RAM 2 GB 2 RAM 2
GB swap 4 GB RAM 3 GB swap 5 GB

/tmp /
/
/ () /etc, /lib, /bin, /sbin,
/dev
/tmp, /usr, /usr/local, /home, /var, /opt

/boot
/boot
3
CentOS 5.2
CentOS NFS FTP WWW
CD DVD DVD
1
CentOS
CentOS CD DVD
F2 Options Options Enter
CD DVD OK Skip
Next
Yes
Create custom layout
New
10
Mount Point /boot File System Type ext3 Size 100 MB OK
11
New / Mount Point / File System Type ext3 9 GB
12
New swap File System Type swap 2000 MB

swap Primary Force to be a primary partition
swap
13
New /home Mount Point /home File System Type ext3

10000 MB
/home
New /tmp Mount Point /tmp File System Type ext3

14
256 MB
/tmp
15
New /var/lib/mysql Mount Point /var/lib/mysql

File System Type ext3 Fill to maximum allowable size
/var/lib/mysql Next
16
GRUB Next
edit IP DHCP
17
IP Netmask
server1.example.com, mysqlserver.hospitalname.com
18
Gateway DNS
Continue
Continue
19
Time Zone
root
20

Customize now Next
21
22
23
24
Next
25
format
26
Reboot
27
First Boot Forward
Disable Firewall
28
Disable Firewall Yes
Disable SELinux
29
Yes
Forward
30
Continue
Additional CDs CD Finish CentOS 5.2
31
4-1

MBR GRUB
IPL MBR Boot Loader GRUB
32
GRUB (Grand Unified Bootloader)

GRUB LILO
GRUB Solaris GRUB
GRUB
Command-line
ext2/ext3, ReiserFS, JFS, FAT, minix, FFS
MD5
grub.conf
MBR /dev/hda /sbin/grub-install /dev/hda
/boot/grub/grub.conf GRUB version config /boot/grub/menu.lst
config
default=0
timeout=5
splashimage=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz
hiddenmenu
# 0
titleCentOS(2.6.1892.el5)
root(hd0,0)
kernel/vmlinuz2.6.1892.el5roroot=LABEL=/rhgbquiet
initrd/initrd2.6.1892.el5.img
# 1
titleWindows
rootnoverify(hd0,0)
chainloader+1
default=0 default=1 Windows

timeout=5 5 default
hiddenmenu
Boot loader Boot loader partition /boot
kernel kernel
root file system read only init
33
init
init /sbin/init
/etc/inittab /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit
/etc/inittab
/etc/inittab Red Hat runlevel
6 runlevel 5 runlevel
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
17
19
20
21
#Defaultrunlevel.TherunlevelsusedbyRHSare:
#0halt(DoNOTsetinitdefaulttothis)
#1Singleusermode
#2Multiuser,withoutNFS(Thesameas3,ifyoudonot
have13
networking)
#3Fullmultiusermode
#4unused
#5X11
#6reboot(DoNOTsetinitdefaulttothis)
#
id:3:initdefault:
#Systeminitialization.
si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit
l0:0:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc0
...
3 10 runlevel 3 runlevel
5 X11 3 5 id:5:initdefault:
initdefault /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit
, , keymaps, swap , ,
3-1
/etc/rc.d/rcX.d/ X initdefault
/etc/rc.d/rcX.d/ start script ( /etc/init.d/) service
start service start service
/etc/rc.d/rc.local start service start script
/etc/init.d Login Text mode getty Graphic mode
xdm, gdm, kdm Login Window Managers
34
Login
Login Text Mode (runlevel 3)
4-2 Login
Login (runlevel 5)
4-3 Login
35
Login
text
mode
shutdown -h now
shutdown -r now
reboot
init 6
init 0
poweroff
halt
/boot/grub/menu.lst
/etc/inittab
/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit
/etc/rc.d/rc.local
36
5
Service
service 2 stand alone service xinetd control
stand alone service service
stand alone service
1.
2. Service
3. start script /etc/init.d
start service Red Hat Fedora service
service service {start|stop|restart|reload|status} service httpd start
/etc/init.d/ service {start|stop|restart|force-reload} /etc/init.d/httpd start
Red Hat
xinetd control service xinetd
xinetd control service
1. service xinetd
2. service
3. start script /etc/xinit.d
start service Red Hat chkconfig service on chkconfig rsync on
start script
#default:off
#description:Thersyncserverisagoodadditiontoanftp
server,asit\
#allowscrcchecksummingetc.
servicersync
{
disable
=yes
socket_type=stream
wait=no
user=root
server=/usr/bin/rsync
server_args=daemon
log_on_failure+=USERID
}
service rsync disable = yes disable = no service
37
service
Red Hat service
1. chkconfig
5-1 chkconfig
chkconfig command line
chkconfig --list [ service]
service
chkconfig --add < service>
service
chkconfig --del < service>
service
chkconfig service on | off
- service
[root@server1~]#chkconfiglistmysqld
mysqld
0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off
[root@server1~]#chkconfigmysqldoff
mysqld
0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off6:off
[root@server1~]#chkconfiglevel35mysqldon
mysqld
0:off1:off2:off3:on4:off5:on6:off
38
2. ntsysv
5-2 ntsysv
ntsysv Text User Interface service
spacebar * service spacebar
*
3. serviceconf / system-config-service
5-3 serviceconf / system-config-service
39
serviceconf / system-config-service GUI

ntsysv serviceconf service Level
runlevel 5 runlevel 3 service
runlevel 3
service
Red Hat CentOS service
service start | stop | reload | restart | status
[root@server1~]#servicemysqldstop
StoppingMySQL:[OK]
[root@server1~]#servicemysqldstart
StartingMySQL:[OK]
[root@server1~]#servicemysqldstatus
mysqld(pid5682)isrunning...
PATH
[root@server1~]#/etc/init.d/mysqldstop
StoppingMySQL:[OK]
[root@server1~]#/etc/init.d/mysqldstart
StartingMySQL:[OK]
[root@server1~]#/etc/init.d/mysqldstatus
mysqld(pid5855)isrunning...
/etc/init.d
/etc/xinet.d
/etc/init.c/*
/etc/xinet.d/*
service
chkconfig
40
Driver C:\ , D:\

/ ()
Windows, Programs File
6-1

6-2
41
6-3
cd

/
/ Drive C:\
user root /root root
/ () /root ( root)
/boot, /etc, /initrd, /misc, /opt, /root, /sys, /usr, /bin, /dev, /home,
/lib, /media, /mnt, /proc, /sbin, /tmp, /var
cd / /
cd /boot, cd /etc , cd /usr, cd /mnt
/ /var /var/lib/mysql cd lib/mysql
/
/
42
cd
/root /var/lib/mysql cd /var/lib/mysql
/var/lib/mysql /var/www cd /var/www
/ /var/lib/mysql cd var/lib/mysql
`
/ /etc cd etc
/root /etc/httpd/ cd /etc/httpd
/var/www/html cd /var/www/html
pwd
5-4
6-4 pwd
pwd
cd
pwd
43
7
Vi
Text Editor
Text Text Editor pico, nano, mc, Vi Vi
Text Editor Unix Vi ( "vee-eye")
Visual editor
7-1 Vi
vi
Vi vi

# vi /etc/samba/smb.conf
# vi newfilename.txt
vi Mode
vi 2
command mode
insert mode
insert mode
vi command mode
insert mode i () insert mode
vi command mode Esc
44
insert mode
a
o

O

(command mode)
insert mode command mode Esc
ZZ
:q!
:wq
1
h
1
j
1
k
1
l
1

w
^F
^B 1
^D
^U
^R ^L
45
dd
dw
de
db
d^
d$
space
ym buffer (m=)
yy
buffer
p
buffer
u
undo
.
redo
/Test
/This is test
/^Test Test
/Test$ Test
/^$
Test
This is test
Test
Test
46
8
RPM YUM
C source code
3 ./configure, make, make install

Debain ubuntu apt-get, Red Hat rpm (RPM Package Manager)
rpm
RPM
name
version
release
architecture
noarch
Package
i386, i586, athlon : Intel x86 Compatible Alpha : Digital Alpha/AXP

ia64 : IA-64 (Itanium) s300: S/390, AMD64
architecture-independency code
mysql-server-5.0.45-7.el5.i386.rpm
package mysql-server
version
5.0.45-7
release
el5
architecture i386
setup-2.5.58-1.el5.noarch.rpm
noarch CPU
package ()
nstall: rpm -i
Upgrade: rpm -U
Freshen: rpm -F
/
Erase: rpm -e
Output option: -v, -h #
47
rpm Query
rpm -q what_package what_information
-q query
-f
-p .rpm
-i
-l
rpm query
rpm -qa Package
48
Package (rpm -qi mysql-server)
Package mysql-server (rpm -ql mysql-server)
Package
(rpm -qf /usr/bin/mysql)
49
.rpm (rpm -qlp mysql-server-5.0.457.el5.i386.rpm)
.rpm (rpm -qip mysql-server-5.0.45-7.el5.i386.rpm)
50
YUM
Yellow dog Updater, Modified (YUM)
( / / ) RPM GNU General Public License
Seth Vidal yum
Pup, Pirut ,Yumex, Yum Extender KYum Seth Vidal Red Hat
yum Red Hat
Yum Yellowdog Updater (YUP) Yellow Dog Linux Red Hat
YUM
Yum :
(multiple repositories)
depency
rpm (rpm-consistent behavior)
comps.xml multiple repository groups
yum (package depency data)

yum depency
(conflict)
yum abort
rpm yum
.rpm /etc/
yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
Debian Ubuntu
rpm = dpkg
yum = apt-get, aptitude
51
yum

yum info
52
yum deplist
53
yum install
54
yum remove
yum check update
55
yum update
yum update
# yum update xterm
56
yum DVD
yum rpm A
B C yum rpm
yum yum
yum DVD
1) /etc/yum.repos.d/
2) CentOS-Base.repo #

3) CentOS-Media.repo DVD
baseurl=file:///media/CentOS_5.2_Final/
4) enabled=0 enabled=1
yum DVD
rpm
yum
:
http://www.thaiadmin.org/board/index.php?topic=41613.0
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_dog_Updater,_Modified
57
9
User / Group Accounts
(multi user)
Red Hat user
useradd user option -g 1 user
Private Group User groupadd, groupdel, useradd, userdel, usermod
Private Group groupadd
groupadd
groupadd option group
-g
gid (group id)
groupadd -g 1000 manager

# manager gid = 1000
groupadd web
# web
groupadd hr
# hr
groupadd sale
# sale
groupdel
groupdel group
groupdel manager
useradd
useradd option user
-d
-g
group
-m
-c
user
-u
user id
58
user
useradd -g manager -c Mr. Somchai somchai
# somchai manager Mr. Somchai
useradd -g web -c Miss Manee manee
# manee web Miss Manee
useradd -g web -c Mr. Piti piti
# piti web Mr. Piti
useradd -g hr -c Miss Chuchai chuchai
# chuchai hr Miss Chuchai
useradd -g sale -c Mr. Mana mana
# mana sale Mr. Mana
passwd somchai
passwd manee
passwd piti
passwd chuchai
passwd mana
# Set password user somchai

# Set password user manee
# Set password user piti
# Set password user chuchai
# Set password user mana
userdel
userdel option user
-r
user /var/spool/mail
usermod
usermod option user
-c
comment user
-d
user
-e
user
-g
user
-G group1 [ ,group2,... , [groupN]
user user
-u uid uid user
-L
user
-U
59
[root@server1~]#useraddgmanagerc"Mr.Somchai"somchai
[root@server1~]#useraddgwebc"MissManee"manee
[root@server1~]#useraddgwebc"Mr.Piti"piti
[root@server1~]#useraddghrc"MissChuchai"chuchai
[root@server1~]#useraddgsalec"Mr.Mana"mana
[root@server1~]#idpiti
uid=502(piti)gid=501(web)groups=501(web)
[root@server1~]#fingerpiti
Login:pitiName:Mr.Piti
Directory:/home/pitiShell:/bin/bash
Neverloggedin.
Nomail.
NoPlan.
[root@server1~]#usermodghrcPitipiti
[root@server1~]#idpiti
uid=502(piti)gid=502(hr)groups=502(hr)
[root@server1~]#fingerpiti
Login:pitiName:Piti
Directory:/home/pitiShell:/bin/bash
Neverloggedin.
Nomail.
NoPlan.
[root@server1~]#
[root@server1~]#passwdsomchai
Changingpasswordforusersomchai.
NewUNIXpassword:
RetypenewUNIXpassword:
passwd:allauthenticationtokensupdatedsuccessfully.
[root@server1~]#usermodghrcPitiYindeepiti
[root@server1~]#usermodLpiti
[root@server1~]#
groupadd
groupmod
groupdel
useradd
usermod
userdel
passwd
id
finger
60
10
Permission

3
1.
2.
3.
ls -l
drwxrxrx
drwxrxrx
rwrr
3
8
1
root root40962006070307:20Desktop
root root40962006070108:33MyDownload
root root45292006070317:09test.php
3
r Read
w Write
x Execute
read
writer
execute
execute ()
--- : ( 0)
--x : ( 1)
r-- : ( 4)
rw- : ( 6)
r-x : ( 5)
rwx : ( 7)
61
10-1
rwxrwxrwx 9 ( 10 )
- d l ( shortcut)
3
3
3
-rwx------ : ( 700)
-rwxrwx--- : ( 770)
-rw-rw-rw- : ( 666)
-rwxr-xr-x : ( 755)
-r--r--r-- : ( 444)
chmod
chown
chgrp
62
chmod
root@server1~#touchtest.html
root@server1~#lsltest.html
rwrr1rootroot02006071211:03test.html
root@server1~#chmod755test.php
rwxrxrx1rootroot02006071211:03test.html
root@server1~#chmod666test.html
rwrwrw1rootroot02006071211:03test.html
rwrwrw1rootroot02006071211:03test.html
root@server1~#chmod700test.html
rwx1rootroot02006071211:03test.html
root@server1~#

execute
root@server1/usr/local/firefox#chmod660firefox
root@server1/usr/local/firefox#./firefox
bash:./firefox:Permissiondenied
root@server1/usr/local/firefox#chmod755firefox
root@server1/usr/local/firefox#./firefox
.html execute browser error
10-2 error browser execute
63
chown chgrp
root@server1~#lsltest.sql
rwxrxrx1rootroot02006071211:03test.sql
root@server1~#chgrpmysqltest.sql
rwxrxrx1rootmysql02006071211:03test.sql
root@server1~#chownmysqltest.sql
rwxrxrx1mysqlmysql02006071211:03test.sql
root@server1~#
root@server1~#chownmysqltest.sql
rwxrxrx1mysqlroot02006071211:03test.sql
root@server1~#chownroottest.sql
root@server1~#chownmysql.mysqltest.sql
rwxrxrx1mysqlmysql02006071211:03test.sql
chmod
chgrp
chown
64
11
System Config
Red Hat config IP
system- Tab
[root@server1~]#systemcon
systemconfigauthenticationsystemconfignfs
systemconfigdatesystemconfigpackages
systemconfigdisplaysystemconfigrootpassword
systemconfighttpdsystemconfigsamba
systemconfigkdumpsystemconfigsecuritylevel
systemconfigkeyboardsystemconfigsecurityleveltui
systemconfiglanguagesystemconfigservices
systemconfiglvmsystemconfigsoundcard
systemconfignetworksystemconfigtime
systemconfignetworkcmdsystemconfigusers
systemconfignetworkguisystemcontrolnetwork
systemconfignetworktui
Graphic Mode
11-1 System Settings

65
system-config
Package Server Configuration Tools Administration Tools
system-config
11-2 Server Configuration Tools
11-3 Administration Tools
66
system-config-network / neat IP
11-4 system-config-network
system-config-securitylevel
11-5 system-config-securitylevel
67
Text Mode setup
11-6 setup
11-7 setup Network configuration
68
Network TCP/IP
IP
Text Mode
IP Address
Network Red Hat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
[root@server1~]#cd/etc/sysconfig/networkscripts/
[root@server1networkscripts]#ls
ifcfgeth0ifdownisdnifupaliasesifupplipifupwireless
ifcfgloifdownpostifupbnepifupplusbinit.ipv6global
ifdownifdownpppifupethifuppostnet.hotplug
ifdownbnepifdownroutesifupipppifuppppnetworkfunctions
ifdownethifdownsitifupipsecifuproutesnetworkfunctionsipv6
ifdownipppifdownslifupipv6ifupsit
ifdownipsecifdowntunnelifupipxifupsl
ifdownipv6ifupifupisdnifuptunnel
ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=none
BROADCAST=192.168.2.255
HWADDR=08:00:27:5A:99:F4
IPADDR=192.168.2.111
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
NETWORK=192.168.2.0
ONBOOT=yes
GATEWAY=192.168.2.254
TYPE=Ethernet
IP IPADDR
service network restart /etc/init.d/network restart IP
Name
Name /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 203.155.33.1
IP ISP
69
neat
setup
system-config-securitylevel
system-config-network
system-config-packages
system-config-*
70
12
mount system

mount
mount point mount
mount point
/mnt /mnt/floppy , /mnt/cdrom, mount point
/media /media/cdrom, /media/hda1
mount
/dev/cdrom CD/DVD Drive
/dev/fd0
Flopy Disk
/dev/hda1
Primary Master IDE 1
/dev/sda1
SCSI 1
/dev/sda
Thumb drive USB /dev/sda
/dev/hdb mount /dev/sda
mount /dev/sda1
mount
mount options device | dir mount options device dir
mount -t vfat /dev/hda1 /mnt/hda1

mount /dev/fd0 /mnt/fd0
mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
mount /dev/sda /mnt/thumb
mount /dev/cdrom
mount /mnt/cdrom
mount mount options device | dir mount /mnt/cdrom
/etc/fstab
mount directory /mnt/fd0, /mnt/cdrom, /mnt/thumb mount
mount
71
umount CD-ROM
CD USB
umount
umount option dir | device
umount
umount /mnt/fd0
umount /mnt/cdrom
umount /mnt/thumb
mount
umount
72
13
Backup
tar (Tape Archiver)

tar Tape Backup
.tar -z gzip
.tar.gz
tar
tar
c
archive
x
archive
v
tar
z
gzip
-f file archive
tar gzip
[root@server1~]#tarcvfzmydb_backup.tar.gz/var/lib/mysql/mydb
tar:Removingleading`/'frommembernames
/var/lib/mysql/mydb/
/var/lib/mysql/mydb/db.opt
[root@server1~]#lsl
rwrr1rootroot208Mar2316:22mydb.tar.gz
[root@server1~]#tarxvfzmydb_backup.tar.gz
var/lib/mysql/mydb/
var/lib/mysql/mydb/db.opt
[root@server1~]#
zip
winzip
winrar zip
-r zip
[root@server1~]#ziprmydb_backup.zip/var/lib/mysql/mydb/
adding:var/lib/mysql/mydb/(stored0%)
adding:var/lib/mysql/mydb/db.opt(deflated18%)
[root@server1~]#lsl
rwrr1rootroot178743Mar2316:18mydb_backup.zip
73
unzip
[root@server1~]#unzipmydb_backup.zip
Archive:mydb_backup.zip
creating:var/lib/mysql/mydb/
inflating:var/lib/mysql/mydb/db.opt
tar
zip
unzip
74
14
df
df -h
K, M, G
[root@server1~]#dfh
FilesystemSizeUsedAvailUse%Mountedon
/dev/hda28.6G2.8G5.4G34%/
/dev/hda758G180M55G1%/var/lb/mysql
/dev/hda6251M11M228M5%/tmp
/dev/hda59.5G151M8.9G2%/home
/dev/hda199M13M81M14%/boot
tmpfs149M0149M0%/dev/shm
ps
ps (Process) ps

-e
-f
[root@server1~]#psef
UIDPIDPPIDCSTIMETTYTIMECMD
root10013:38?00:00:00init[5]
root21013:38?00:00:00[migration/0]
root31013:38?00:00:00[ksoftirqd/0]
root41013:38?00:00:00[watchdog/0]
...

| grep
75
[root@server1~]#psef|grepmysql
root42451013:39?00:00:00/bin/sh
/usr/bin/mysqld_safedatadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.socklogerror=/var/log/mysqld.log
pidfile=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
mysql43054245013:39?00:00:00
/usr/libexec/mysqldbasedir=/usrdatadir=/var/lib/mysql
user=mysqlpidfile=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pidskip
externallockingsocket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
root63806301019:02pts/100:00:00grepmysql
[root@server1~]#
kill
kill
(PID)
[root@server1 ~]# kill 4245
top
real time refresh top -d 1
refresh 1
14-1 top
76
df
ps
kill
top
77
15
crontab
crontab ,
, , , 1 crontab
service crontab
crontab Text Editor
Red Hat Vi Debian Ubuntu nano
crontab
crontab [-u user] file
crontab [-u user] { -e | -l | -r }
-e crontab user
-l crontab user
-r crontab user
crontab user Login user
-u crontab user Login

crontab Text Editor
*****
*/30 * * * *
* 20 * * *
50***
00**0
*/10 8-17 * * *

0-59
0-23 0=
1-31
1-12
0-6 0=

30
20.00-20.59 .
00.05 .

10 08.00-17.00 .
78
00***
00**0
/sbin/shutdow -r now
/path/to/your/script/script.sh
shell script
shutdown -r now script.sh shell script
[root@server1 ~]# crontab -e

crontab: installing new crontab
"/tmp/crontab.XXXXgIneQA":1: bad minute
errors in crontab file, can't install.
Do you want to retry the same edit?
crontab
[root@server1 ~]# crontab -e
crontab: installing new crontab
[root@server1 ~]#
79
16

Format Drive Drive

fdisk
fdisk
fdisk [-u] [-b sectorsize] [-C cyls] [-H heads] [-S sects] device
fdisk -l [-u] [device ...]
fdisk -s partition ...
fdisk -v

[root@fdisk~]#fdiskl
Disk/dev/hda:40.0GB,40020664320bytes
255heads,63sectors/track,4865cylinders
Units=cylindersof16065*512=8225280bytes
DeviceBootStartEndBlocksIdSystem
/dev/hda1*11310439183Linux
/dev/hda214128810241437+83Linux
/dev/hda312891353522112+82Linuxswap
[root@fdisk~]#
fdisk -l 40.0 GB 4865 cylinders 1353

cylinders /dev/hda fdisk /dev/hda
fdisk m fdisk
80
[root@fdisk~]#fdisk/dev/hda
Thenumberofcylindersforthisdiskissetto4865.
Thereisnothingwrongwiththat,butthisislargerthan1024,
andcouldincertainsetupscauseproblemswith:
1)softwarethatrunsatboottime(e.g.,oldversionsofLILO)
2)bootingandpartitioningsoftwarefromotherOSs
(e.g.,DOSFDISK,OS/2FDISK)
Command(mforhelp):m
Commandaction
atoggleabootableflag
beditbsddisklabel
ctogglethedoscompatibilityflag
ddeleteapartition
llistknownpartitiontypes
mprintthismenu
naddanewpartition
ocreateanewemptyDOSpartitiontable
pprintthepartitiontable
qquitwithoutsavingchanges
screateanewemptySundisklabel
tchangeapartition'ssystemid
uchangedisplay/entryunits
vverifythepartitiontable
wwritetabletodiskandexit
xextrafunctionality(expertsonly)
Command(mforhelp):
Command(mforhelp):n
Commandaction
eextended
pprimarypartition(14)
e
Selectedpartition4
Firstcylinder(13544865,default1354):
Usingdefaultvalue1354
Lastcylinderor+sizeor+sizeMor+sizeK(13544865,default
4865):
n 3 Primary
Primary
Extended e 3 4 First
cylinder Enter 1354 default
81
Last cylinder or +size Enter Extended p

print
Command(mforhelp):p
/dev/hda214128810241437+83Linux
/dev/hda413544865282101405Extended
Command(mforhelp):
5 Extended cylinder 1354 4865

Extended
Command(mforhelp):n
Firstcylinder(13544865,default1354):
Lastcylinderor+sizeor+sizeMor+sizeK(13544865,default
4865):+10000M
Command(mforhelp):p
/dev/hda214128810241437+83Linux
/dev/hda51354147698796683Linux
Command(mforhelp):w
Thepartitiontablehasbeenaltered!
Callingioctl()torereadpartitiontable.
WARNING:Rereadingthepartitiontablefailedwitherror16:
Deviceorresourcebusy.
Thekernelstillusestheoldtable.
Thenewtablewillbeusedatthenextreboot.
Syncingdisks.
82
n First cylinder Enter default

Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK +10000M
10 GB p w (write)
w fdisk fdisk -l
[root@fdisk~]#fdiskl
/dev/hda214128810241437+83Linux
/dev/hda513542570977552183Linux
ID 83 System Linux File system

l () File system t File system
Command(mforhelp):l
0Empty1cHiddenW95FAT370DiskSecureMultbbBootWizardhid
1FAT121eHiddenW95FAT175PC/IXbeSolarisboot
2XENIXroot24NECDOS80OldMinixc1DRDOS/sec(FAT
3XENIXusr39Plan981Minix/oldLinc4DRDOS/sec(FAT
4FAT16<32M3cPartitionMagic82Linuxswapc6DRDOS/sec(FAT
5Extended40Venix8028683Linuxc7Syrinx
6FAT1641PPCPRePBoot84OS/2hiddenC:daNonFSdata
7HPFS/NTFS42SFS85LinuxextendeddbCP/M/CTOS/.
8AIX4dQNX4.x86NTFSvolumesetdeDellUtility
9AIXbootable4eQNX4.x2ndpart87NTFSvolumesetdfBootIt
aOS/2BootManag4fQNX4.x3rdpart8eLinuxLVMe1DOSaccess
bW95FAT3250OnTrackDM93Amoebae3DOSR/O
cW95FAT32(LBA)51OnTrackDM6Aux94AmoebaBBTe4SpeedStor
eW95FAT16(LBA)52CP/M9fBSD/OSebBeOSfs
fW95Ext'd(LBA)53OnTrackDM6Auxa0IBMThinkpadhieeEFIGPT
10OPUS54OnTrackDM6a5FreeBSDefEFI(FAT12/16/
11HiddenFAT1255EZDrivea6OpenBSDf0Linux/PARISCb
12Compaqdiagnost56GoldenBowa7NeXTSTEPf1SpeedStor
14HiddenFAT16<35cPriamEdiska8DarwinUFSf4SpeedStor
16HiddenFAT1661SpeedStora9NetBSDf2DOSsecondary
17HiddenHPFS/NTF63GNUHURDorSysabDarwinbootfdLinuxraidauto
18ASTSmartSleep64NovellNetwareb7BSDIfsfeLANstep
1bHiddenW95FAT365NovellNetwareb8BSDIswapffBBT
ID 83 File system Linux

filesystem system
83
WARNING:Rereadingthepartitiontablefailedwitherror16:
Deviceorresourcebusy.
Thekernelstillusestheoldtable.
Thenewtablewillbeusedatthenextreboot.
Syncingdisks.
mke2fs File system

mke2fs
[root@server1~]#mke2fshelp
mke2fs:invalidoption
Usage:mke2fs[c|t|lfilename][bblocksize][ffragmentsize]
[ibytesperinode][j][Jjournaloptions][Nnumberofinodes]
[mreservedblockspercentage][ocreatoros][gblockspergroup]
[Lvolumelabel][Mlastmounteddirectory][Ofeature[,...]]
[rfsrevision][Roptions][qvSV]device[blockscount]
[root@server1~]#
root@fdisk~]#mke2fsj/dev/hda5
mke2fs1.35(28Feb2004)
max_blocks2502533120,rsv_groups=76372,rsv_gdb=596
Filesystemlabel=
OStype:Linux
Blocksize=4096(log=2)
Fragmentsize=4096(log=2)
1224000inodes,2443880blocks
122194blocks(5.00%)reservedforthesuperuser
Firstdatablock=0
Maximumfilesystemblocks=2503999488
75blockgroups
32768blockspergroup,32768fragmentspergroup
16320inodespergroup
Superblockbackupsstoredonblocks:
32768,98304,163840,229376,294912,819200,884736,1605632
Writinginodetables:done
inode.i_blocks=42920,i_size=4243456
Creatingjournal(8192blocks):done
Writingsuperblocksandfilesystemaccountinginformation:done
Thisfilesystemwillbeautomaticallycheckedevery23mountsor
180days,whichevercomesfirst.Usetune2fscoritooverride.
[root@fdisk~]#
mount mount
[root@fdisk~]#mkdir/backup
[root@fdisk~]#mount/dev/hda5/backup
[root@fdisk~]#dfh
FilesystemSizeUsedAvailUse%Mountedon
/dev/hda29.7G1.7G7.5G18%/
/dev/hda199M8.3M86M9%/boot
none125M0125M0%/dev/shm
/dev/hda59.2G54M8.7G1%/backup
[root@fdisk~]#
84
(Label) partition
e2label device [ new-label ]
label
[root@fdisk~]#e2label/dev/hda5
[root@fdisk~]#e2label/dev/hda5/backup
[root@fdisk~]#e2label/dev/hda5
/backup
[root@fdisk~]#
/dev/hda5 /backup /etc/fstab

mount mount
mount /etc/fstab /etc/fstab mount fsck
/etc/fstab 6 1
#<device><mountpoint><filesystemtype><options><dumpfreq><fsck_order>
LABEL=/backup /backup
ext3
defaults
0
0
1 device
mount /dev/hda5, /dev/hdb1
LABEL=/backup
2 mount point
mount point
/mnt/cdrom, /mnt/usb, /mnt/
3 filesystem type
3 filesystem partition filesystem support
ext2 ext3 ext3
ReiserFS ext3 ext2 ext3
journal ext2 check
filesystem ext3 journal
reiserfs journaling ext3 ext3
swap filesystem swap partition
85
vfat ntfs 95, 98, ME vfat FAT32

NT, 2000, XP NTFS kernel NTFS
auto option auto filesystem CD-ROM Floppy

Disk Floppy format format ext2
auto CD-ROM Floppy
4 Mount options
4 /etc/fstab mount options
, (comma) man page mount
auto and noauto auto mount auto default

noauto
user nouser user mount
nouser root mount
nouser nouser
exec noexec execute binary noexec
execute execute
exec
ro
rw
sync and async sync input output
copy floppy floppy

sync /etc/fstab input output
copy Floppy copy
floppy unmount Floppy Disk async
sync floppy
defaults rw, suid, dev, exec, auto, nouser, and async
86
5 dump option
dump 5 /etc/fstab dump option
dump dump option = 0
dump 1= , 2=every other day, 0= dump
6 fsck option
fsck fsck order fsck 0=,
1=, 2-9
/etc/fstab
LABEL=/backup
/backup
ext3 defaults
/backup
ext3 defaults
/dev/hda5
87
17
Disk Quota
(multi user)

kernel
2 user quota group quota
( quota )
block ( ) inode ()
1. /etc/fatab 4 mount options usrquota grpquota

LABEL=/home
LABEL=/home
/home
ext3 defaults
12
/home
ext3 defaults,usrquota,grpquota
12
2. /home
mount -o remount /home
3.
aquota.user aquota.group
quotacheck -cm /home
touch /home/aquota.user
touch /home/aquota.group
chmod 600 /home/aquota.user
chmod 600 /home/aquota.group
4. quotaon / quotaoff
-a
/home
quotaon /home
88
5. edquota
# edquota sothorn
Disk quotas for user sothorn (uid 501):
Filesystem blocks
soft
hard inodes soft
/dev/hda3
32
4096
5120 9 0
hard
0
blocks
inode
soft
soft limit
hard limit
hard

groupquota edquota -g group edquota -g users
block
[sothorn@server1~]$ddif=/dev/zeroof=newfilebs=1Mcount=3
3+0recordsin
3+0recordsout
hda3:warning,userblockquotaexceeded.
4+0recordsin
4+0recordsout
hda3:warning,userblockquotaexceeded.
hda3:writefailed,userblocklimitreached.
dd:writing`newfile':Diskquotaexceeded
5+0recordsin
4+0recordsout
[sothorn@server1~]$
inode
Diskquotasforusersothorn(uid501):
Filesystem
blocks
soft hard inodes
/dev/hda3
32
0
0
9
soft hard
40
50
89
[sothorn@server1~]$foriin$(seq150);doechon"file${i}";touch
file${i}2>&1;done|less
cannottouch`file42':Diskquotaexceeded
file43touch:cannottouch`file43':Diskquotaexceeded
50
[sothorn@server1~]$ls
file1file12file15file18file20file23file26file29file31
file34file37file4file5file8
file35file38file40file6file9
file36file39file41file7
[sothorn@server1~]$quota
Diskquotasforusersothorn(uid501):
Filesystemblocksquotalimitgracefilesquotalimit
grace
/dev/hda3360050*4050
[sothorn@server~]$
41 ( 9 ) 50
user set
user user
# edquota -p user1 user2 user3 user1 user2 user3
Grace Period soft limit hard limit soft
limit hard limit grace period grace period
7 grace period months, weeks, days, hours, minutes seconds
grace period edquota -t
90
18
DNS (Domain Name System)
IP (IP Address)
IP 61.19.246.165
sothorn.org DNS Server
DNS Server IP IP
DNS Server
DNS Server DNS Server
.
univercity.ac.th .th
www.keepdomain.com DNS Server

DNS Server KSC ns.ksc.co.th. 203.155.33.1
ns2.ksc.co.th. 202.44.144.33 Hosting
DNS www.zonedit.com
DNS Server
DNS Server DNS Server
BIND 9
BIND
BIND (Berkeley Internet Name Domain) BIND University of California at
Berkeley US Defense Advanced Research Projects
Administration (DARPA) BIND 4.8.3 Computer
Systems Research Group (CSRG) UC Berkeley Douglas Terry, Mark Painter, David Riggle
Songnian Zhou
BIND 9
2000
Sun Microsystems, Inc.
Hewlett Packard
Compaq Computer Corporation
IBM
Process Software Corporation
Silicon Graphics, Inc.
91
Network Associates, Inc.

U.S. Defense Information Systems Agency
USENIX Association
Stichting NLNet - NLNet Foundation
Nominum, Inc.
BIND http://www.isc.org/index.pl?/sw/bind
BIND
BIND chroot
Bind chroot BIND
BIND CentOS
yum install bind-chroot

howtoforge.com
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
chmod 755 /var/named/

chmod 775 /var/named/chroot/
chmod 775 /var/named/chroot/var/
chmod 775 /var/named/chroot/var/named/
chmod 775 /var/named/chroot/var/run/
chmod 777 /var/named/chroot/var/run/named/
cd /var/named/chroot/var/named/
ln -s ../../ chroot
cp /usr/share/doc/bind-9.3.4/sample/var/named/named.local /var/named/chroot/var/named/named.local
cp /usr/share/doc/bind-9.3.4/sample/var/named/named.root /var/named/chroot/var/named/named.root
touch /var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf
chkconfig --levels 235 named on
/etc/init.d/named start

/var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf
/var/named/chroot/var/named
/etc/named.conf
92
1.
2. /etc/name.conf
3. IP Address /var/named/chroot/var/named
4. IP Address /var/named/chroot/var/named
5. start restart service named
6. /etc/resolv.conf network
7.
Server
example.intranet Name Server IP 192.168.2.111
http://www.example.intranet
http://webmail.example.intranet
phpMyAdmin
http://phpmyadmin.example.com
IP 192.168.2.101
client01.example.com
IP 192.168.2.102
client02.example.com
/var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf
CentOS 5.2 named.conf
zone"example.intranet"{
typemaster;
file"/var/named/chroot/var/named/example.intranet.zone";
};
zone"2.168.192.inaddr.arpa"{
typemaster;
file"/var/named/chroot/var/named/192.168.2.zone";
};
/etc/named.conf
/etc/named.conf
named-checkconf /etc/named.conf
93
[root@server1~]#namedcheckconf/var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf
/var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf:11:'mastor'unexpected
[root@server1~]#namedcheckconf/var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf
[root@server1~]#
IP Address
example.intranet.zone IP Address
$TTL 86400
@INSOAexaple.intranet.root.example.intranet.(
1997022700;Serial
28800;Refresh
14400;Retry
3600000;Expire
86400);Minimum
@
INNSns1
INMX10mail
INA192.168.2.111
INA192.168.2.111
INA192.168.2.111
INA192.168.2.111
INA192.168.2.111
INA
192.168.2.101
INA192.168.2.102
ns1
webmail
www
phpmyadmin
client01
client02
IP Address (192.168.2.zone)
192.168.2.zone IP Address
$TTL 86400
@INSOAexaple.intranet.root.example.intranet.(
1997022700;Serial
28800;Refresh
14400;Retry
3600000;Expire
86400);Minimum
NSns1.example.intranet.
111
111
111
111
101
102
PTR
PTR
PTR
PTR
PTR
PTR
ns1.example.intranet.
www.example.intranet.
webmail.example.intranet.
phpmyadmin.example.intranet.
client01.example.intranet.
client02.example.intranet.
94
named
named /etc/init.d/named restart service named restart
DNS Client
DNS Client
DNS Client /etc/resolv.conf nameserver 192.168.2.111
[root@server1 ~]# /etc/init.d/network restart
dig,
nslookup host
[root@server1~]#digexample.intranet
;<<>>DiG9.3.4P1<<>>example.intranet
;;globaloptions:printcmd
;;Gotanswer:
;;>>HEADER<<opcode:QUERY,status:NOERROR,id:61465
;;flags:qraardra;QUERY:1,ANSWER:1,AUTHORITY:1,ADDITIONAL:1
;;QUESTIONSECTION:
;example.intranet.
;;ANSWERSECTION:
example.intranet.
IN
86400 IN
A
A
192.168.2.111
;;AUTHORITYSECTION:
example.intranet.
86400 IN
NS
;;ADDITIONALSECTION:
ns1.example.intranet. 86400 IN
192.168.2.111
;;Querytime:4msec
;;SERVER:192.168.2.111#53(192.168.2.111)
;;WHEN:WedMar2503:59:272009
;;MSGSIZErcvd:84
95
[root@server1~]#digwebmail.example.intranet
;<<>>DiG9.3.4P1<<>>webmail.example.intranet
;;globaloptions:printcmd
;;Gotanswer:
;;>>HEADER<<opcode:QUERY,status:NOERROR,id:47455
;;flags:qraardra;QUERY:1,ANSWER:1,AUTHORITY:1,ADDITIONAL:1
;;QUESTIONSECTION:
;webmail.example.intranet. IN
;;ANSWERSECTION:
webmail.example.intranet.86400 IN
;;AUTHORITYSECTION:
example.intranet.
86400 IN
NS
;;ADDITIONALSECTION:
ns1.example.intranet. 86400 IN
192.168.2.111
192.168.2.111
;;Querytime:4msec
;;SERVER:192.168.2.111#53(192.168.2.111)
;;WHEN:WedMar2504:00:442009
;;MSGSIZErcvd:92
host
[root@server1named]#hostclient01.example.intranet
client01.example.intranethasaddress192.168.2.101
client02.example.intranethasaddress192.168.2.102
Hostclient03.example.intranetnotfound:3(NXDOMAIN)
96
TTL
@
IN
Serial
Refresh
Retry
Expire
SOA
NS
A
CNAME
MX
PTR
(Time to Live)
example.intranet /etc/named.conf

Primary Master Secondary Master
Primary Master Secondary Master DNS
Primary Secondary
Primary
(refresh) Primary
Start of authority
Name Server record SOA
Address record IP Address
Canonical name (Alias name)
Mail server exchange
Pointer Record IP Address
Linux RedHat 1 . 262-263
97
19
Apache Virtual Host
17 Virtual Host webmail.example.intranet
phpmyadmin.example.intranet Apache
Apache /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf Virtual Host 2
( IP ) IP (1 IP 1 IP 1 )
Virtual Host ( IP )
1) /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
NameVirtualHost192.168.2.111:80
<VirtualHost192.168.2.111:80>
ServerAdminwebmaster@example@example.intranet
DocumentRoot/var/www/html/
ServerNameexample.intranet
ErrorLoglogs/www.example.intraneterror_log
CustomLoglogs/www.example.intranetaccess_logcommon
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost192.168.2.111:80>
ServerAdminwebmaster@example.intranet
DocumentRoot/var/www/html/phpMyAdmin
ServerNamephpMyadmin.example.intranet
ErrorLoglogs/phpmyadmin.example.intraneterror_log
CustomLoglogs/dummyhost.example.intranetaccess_logcommon
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost192.168.2.111:80>
ServerAdminwebmaster@example.intranet
DocumentRoot/var/www/html/webmail
ServerNamewebmail.example.intranet
ErrorLoglogs/webmail.example.intraneterror_log
CustomLoglogs/webmail.example.intranetaccess_logcommon
</VirtualHost>
2) httpd.conf index.html
[root@server1~]#cd/var/www/html/
[root@server1html]#mkdirwebmail
[root@server1html]#mkdirphpMyAdmin
[root@server1webmail]#echo"Welcometomywebmail.">index.html
[root@server1webmail]#cd../phpMyAdmin
[root@server1webmail]#cd../phpMyAdmin/
[root@server1phpMyAdmin]#echo"ThisismyphpMyAdmin.">index.html
[root@server1phpMyAdmin]#
98
3) service
[root@server1~]#/etc/init.d/httpdrestart
[root@server1~]#servicehttpdrestart
[root@server1~]#/etc/init.d/httpdrestart
Stoppinghttpd:[OK]
Startinghttpd:[OK]
[root@server1~]#
4) Browser URL http://www.example.intranet
19-1 http://www.example.intranet
http://webmail.example.intranet
19-2 http://webmail.example.intranet
99
http://phpmyadmin.example.intranet
19-3 http://phpmyadmin.example.intranet
Virtual Host IP (1 IP 1 IP 1 )
1) IP Address /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts /
ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-eth0 :1 IP 192.168.2.112 1 IP
TYPE=Ethernet
DEVICE=eth0:1
BOOTPROTO=none
NETMASK=255.255.25520
IPADDR=192.168.2.112
USERCTL=no
IPV6INIT=no
PEERDNS=yes
100
system-config-network Ethernet
19-4 Ethernet
2) /etc/init.d/network restart service network restart
ifconfig
[root@server1~]#ifconfig
eth0Linkencap:EthernetHWaddr08:00:27:5A:99:F4
inetaddr:192.168.2.111Bcast:192.168.2.255Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6addr:fe80::a00:27ff:fe5a:99f4/64Scope:Link
UPBROADCASTRUNNINGMULTICASTMTU:1500Metric:1
RXpackets:7568errors:0dropped:0overruns:0frame:0
TXpackets:7506errors:0dropped:0overruns:0carrier:0
collisions:0txqueuelen:1000
RXbytes:3250897(3.1MiB)TXbytes:885729(864.9KiB)
Interrupt:11Baseaddress:0xc020
eth0:1Linkencap:EthernetHWaddr08:00:27:5A:99:F4
inetaddr:192.168.2.112Bcast:192.168.2.255Mask:255.255.255.0
UPBROADCASTRUNNINGMULTICASTMTU:1500Metric:1
Interrupt:11Baseaddress:0xc020
2 IP 192.168.2.111 192.168.2.112 192.168.2.112

server2.example.intranet
101
3) DNS /var/named/chroot/var/named/example.intranet.zone
server2
INA192.168.2.112
/var/named/chroot/var/named/192.168.2.zone
112PTRserver2.example.intranet.
4) /etc/init.d/named restart service named restart

5) /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
<VirtualHostserver2.example.intranet:80>
ServerAdminwebmaster@example@example.intranet
DocumentRoot/var/www/html/server2
ServerNameserver2.example.intranet
ErrorLoglogs/server2.example.intraneterror_log
CustomLoglogs/server2.example.intranetaccess_logcommon
</VirtualHost>
6) server2 index.html
[root@server1~]#cd/var/www/html/
[root@server1html]#mkdirserver2
[root@server1html]#cdserver2
[root@server1server2]#echo"Welcometoserver2">index.html
7) httpd /etc/init.d/httpdrestart
servicehttpdrestart
8) Browser URL http://server2.example.intranet
19-5 http://server2.example.intranet
102
20
MySQL
MySQL () SQL. MySQL
MySQL AB
MySQL MySQL 2
David Axmark, Allan Larsson Michael "Monty" Widenius.
(Sun Microsystems, Inc.) MySQL AB
MySQL AB
: http://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/MySQL
MySQL CentOS
CentOS MySQL system-config-packages
20-1 MySQL system-config-packages

yum install mysql-server
MySQL
MySQL chkconfig service
MySQL service service MySQL mysqld
103
[root@server1~]#chkconfigmysqldon
[root@server1~]#servicemysqldstart
InitializingMySQLdatabase:
StartingMySQL:
[OK]
[OK]
MySQL MySQL
Initializing MySQL database: MySQL MySQL
MySQL
user root
user root
user mysqladmin -u root password mypassword mypassword
user root mypassword
[root@server1~]#mysqladminurootpasswordmypassword
[root@server1~]#mysqlurootp
Enterpassword:
WelcometotheMySQLmonitor.Commandsendwith;or\g.
YourMySQLconnectionidis4
Serverversion:5.0.45Sourcedistribution
Type'help;'or'\h'forhelp.Type'\c'toclearthebuffer.
mysql>
MySQL
mysql>\q
Bye
[root@server1~]#
mysql>exit
Bye
[root@server1~]#
user password mysql

mysql
[root@server1~]#mysqladminurootpasswordmypassword
Enterpassword:
mysql>
104
2 -p
[root@server1~]#mysqlurootpmypassword
mysql>
Enterpassword:
ERROR1045(28000):Accessdeniedforuser'root'@'localhost'(using
password:YES)
[root@server1~]#
MySQL
[root@server1~]#mysqladmincreatnewdburootp
Enterpassword:
Enterpassword:
mysql>showdatabases;
++
|Database|
++
|information_schema|
|mysql|
|newdb|
|test|
++
4rowsinset(0.00sec)
mysql>
backup
mysql newdb < /path/to/file.sql -u root -p
[root@server1~]#mysqlnewdb</root/file.sqlurootp
Enterpassword:
105
Backup dump
[root@server1~]#mysqldumpdbname>/root/file_backup.sqlurootp
Enterpassword:
password user root MySQL

user root MySQL
Enterpassword:
mysql>usemysql;
Readingtableinformationforcompletionoftableandcolumnnames
YoucanturnoffthisfeaturetogetaquickerstartupwithA
Databasechanged
mysql>UPDATEmysql.userSETPassword=PASSWORD('newpassword')WHERE
User='root';
QueryOK,0rowsaffected(0.00sec)
Rowsmatched:3Changed:0Warnings:0
mysql>flushprivileges;
mysql>
mysql>SETPASSWORDFOR'root'@'localhost'=PASSWORD('newpassword);
newpassword
where user
user
MySQL user root
user user
mysql>grantallprivilegeson*.*tosothorn@'%';
mysql>updateusersetPassword=password('password')where
User='sothorn';
QueryOK,1rowaffected(0.00sec)
Rowsmatched:1Changed:1Warnings:0
mysql>flushprivileges;
106
user sothorn
(%) (*.*) db.* mydb.*
root@amdx2:~#mysqlh192.168.2.111usothornp
Enterpassword:
YourMySQLconnectionidis
mysql>
root MySQL
user root MySQL
[root@server1~]#/etc/init.d/mysqldstop
[root@server1~]#/usr/bin/mysqld_safeuser=rootskipgranttables&
[root@server1~]#mysql
mysql>UPDATEmysql.userSETPassword=PASSWORD('newpassword)WHERE
User='root';
mysql>FLUSHPRIVILEGES;
mysq>\q
[root@server1~]#mysqladminshutdown
[root@server1~]#/etc/init.d/mysqldstart
MySQL MySQL
skipgranttables MySQL
update
MySQL
CentOS 5.2 MySQL 5.0.45
http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.1.html
Linux x86 generic RPM (dynamically linked) downloads
Linux AMD64 / Intel EM64T generic RPM downloads

107
CPU CPU
1) mysqldump
2) MySQL /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
3) MySQL CentOS5.2 yum remove mysql-server
4)
[root@server1 mysql_install]# ls
MySQL-client-5.1.32-0.glibc23.i386.rpm
MySQL-debuginfo-5.1.32-0.glibc23.i386.rpm
MySQL-devel-5.1.32-0.glibc23.i386.rpm
MySQL-embedded-5.1.32-0.glibc23.i386.rpm
MySQL-server-5.1.32-0.glibc23.i386.rpm
MySQL-shared-5.1.32-0.glibc23.i386.rpm
MySQL-shared-compat-5.1.32-0.glibc23.i386.rpm
MySQL-test-5.1.32-0.glibc23.i386.rpm
5) rpm -Uvh --force MySQL-*.rpm

[root@server1mysql_install]#rpmUvhforceMySQL*.rpm
Preparing...###########################################[100%]
1:MySQLsharedcompat###########################################[13%]
2:MySQLdevel###########################################[25%]
3:MySQLclient###########################################[38%]
4:MySQLdebuginfo###########################################[50%]
5:MySQLembedded###########################################[63%]
6:MySQLserver###########################################[75%]
7:MySQLshared###########################################[88%]
8:MySQLtest###########################################[100%]
MySQL
[root@server1mysql_install]#mysqlurootp
Enterpassword:
Serverversion:5.1.32MySQLCommunityServer(Copyright20002008MySQL
AB,2008SunMicrosystems,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Useissubject
mysql>
start script /etc/init.d/ MySQL mysql mysqld

mysql /etc/init.d/mysql start service mysql start
/etc/init.d/mysql /etc/init.d/mysqld
108
21
Apache+PHP phpMyAdmin

html
PHP MySQL,
PostgreSQL
CentOS Apache2
httpd
Web Server+PHP
Apache PHP system-config-package
Web Server
21-1 system-config-package
109
Optional
21-2
PHP
Close Apply
[root@server1~]# chkconfig httpd on

httpd
httpd
[root@server1~]# service httpd start
[root@server1~]# /etc/init.d/httpd start
/var/www/html .html .php Document root

/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf config Web Server
110
Web Server PHP

Browser URL
http://www.example.intranet http://localhost Default Page Web Server
21-3 Default http://www.example.intranet

PHP
phpinfo.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
phpinfo.php /var/www/html Browser URL

http://www.example.intranet/phpinfo.php
111
21-4 PHP
PHP MySQL
connect.php /var/www/html
<?php
$link=mysql_connect('localhost','root','mypassword');
if(!$link){
die('Couldnotconnect:'.mysql_error());
}
echo'Connectedsuccessfully';
mysql_close($link);
?>
Browser
Browser URL http://www.exaple.intranet/connect.php
21-5 MySQL PHP

MySQL
112
phpMyAdmin
phpMyAdmin PHP MySQL
Web Browser
http://www.phpmyqdmin.net
21-6 www.phpmyadmin.net
phpMyAdmin 3.1.x CentOS 5.2 CentOS 5 .2 PHP
5.1 phpMyadmin 3.1.x phpMyAdmin
2.11.x phpMyAdmin-2.11.9.5-all-languages.tar.gz
/var/www/html
[root@server1~]#tarxvfzphpMyAdmin2.11.9.5alllanguages.tar.gz|
more
phpMyAdmin2.11.9.5alllanguages/
phpMyAdmin2.11.9.5alllanguages/scripts/
phpMyAdmin2.11.9.5alllanguages/scripts/find_unused_messages.sh
phpMyAdmin2.11.9.5alllanguages/scripts/remove_control_m.sh
phpMyAdmin2.11.9.5alllanguages/scripts/langcleanup.sh
[root@server1~]#mvphpMyAdmin2.11.9.5alllanguages
/var/www/html/phpMyAdmin
113
Browser
Browser URL http://phpmyadmin.example.intranet/
21-7 phpMyAdmin
20-7
/var/www/html/phpMyAdmin config.inc.php vi text editor
[root@server1~]#cd/var/www/html/phpMyAdmin/
[root@server1~]#cpconfig.sample.inc.phpconfig.inc.php
[root@server1~]#viconfig.inc.php
config.inc.php $cfg['blowfish_secret']
$cfg['blowfish_secret']='fsdfsdf';
114
Browser URL http://phpmyadmin.example.intranet/ Login
21-8 Login phpMyAdmin

username password MySQL
21-9 phpMyAdmin
phpNuke, Joomla, Drupal, eGroupware
115
22
Postfix Mail Server
Postfix mail
SMTP(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) TCP/IP
E-mail
MTA (Mail Transport Agent) mail

POP3 (Post Office Protocol version 3) IMAP(Internet Message Access Protocol )
mail e-mail Client Thunderbird Outlook
IMAP POP POP
IMAP E-mail server
POP email
Port SMTP 25, POP3 110 IMAP 143

Postfix
CentOS MTA sendmail sendmail
postfix
postfix
postfix
1) sendmail yum remove sendmail

2) Postfix yum install posfix
3) chkconfig postfix chkconfig postfix on
4) config /etc/postfix/main.cf
postfix postfix postfix
/etc/postfix main.cf #
myhostname = example.intranet
inet_interfaces = localhost
mail mail mail server

inet_interfaces = all
116
mail server
5) service postfix start

6) user mail user1 user2
[root@server1~]#useradduser1
[root@server1~]#useradduser2
[root@server1postfix]#passwduser1
Changingpasswordforuseruser1.
NewUNIXpassword:
BADPASSWORD:itisbasedonadictionaryword
[root@server1postfix]#passwduser2
Changingpasswordforuseruser2.
NewUNIXpassword:
7) mail root user1

[root@server1~]#mailuser1@example.intranet
Subject:TestMail
Test
Cc:
8) Log tail -f /var/log/maillog

[root@server1~]#tailf/var/log/maillog
Mar2621:14:11server1postfix/pickup[8916]:4387B1C3920:uid=0from=<root>
Mar2621:14:11server1postfix/cleanup[8995]:4387B1C3920:message
id=<20090326141411.4387B1C3920@example.intranet>
Mar2621:14:11server1postfix/qmgr[8917]:4387B1C3920:from=<root@example.intranet>,size=308,
nrcpt=1(queueactive)
Mar2621:14:11server1postfix/local[8997]:4387B1C3920:to=<user1@example.intranet>,relay=local,
delay=0.15,delays=0.11/0.02/0/0.02,dsn=2.0.0,status=sent(deliveredtomailbox)
Mar2621:14:11server1postfix/qmgr[8917]:4387B1C3920:removed
9) user1 mail
[root@server1~]#suuser1
[user1@server1~]$mail
Mailversion8.16/6/93.Type?forhelp.
"/var/spool/mail/user1":1message1new
>N1root@example.intraneThuMar2621:1414/465"TestMail"
&1
Message1:
Fromroot@example.intranetThuMar2621:14:112009
XOriginalTo:user1@example.intranet
DeliveredTo:user1@example.intranet
To:user1@example.intranet
Subject:TestMail
Date:Thu,26Mar200921:14:11+0700(ICT)
From:root@example.intranet(root)
Test
&
117
10) mail user1 user2

[user1@server1~]$mailuser2@example.intranet
Subject:TestFromUser1
Test
Cc:
[user1@server1~]$
11) Log
Mar2621:20:52server1postfix/pickup[8916]:72FA61C3920:uid=500from=<user1>
Mar2621:20:52server1postfix/cleanup[9147]:72FA61C3920:message
id=<20090326142052.72FA61C3920@example.intranet>
Mar2621:20:52server1postfix/qmgr[8917]:72FA61C3920:from=<user1@example.intranet>,size=310,
nrcpt=1(queueactive)
Mar2621:20:52server1postfix/local[9149]:72FA61C3920:to=<user2@example.intranet>,relay=local,
delay=0.13,delays=0.09/0.02/0/0.03,dsn=2.0.0,status=sent(deliveredtomailbox)
Mar2621:20:52server1postfix/qmgr[8917]:72FA61C3920:removed
12) user2 mail

[user2@server1~]$mail
Mailversion8.16/6/93.Type?forhelp.
"/var/spool/mail/user2":1message1new
>N1user1@example.intranThuMar2621:2014/469"TestFromUser1"
&1
Message1:
Fromuser1@example.intranetThuMar2621:20:522009
XOriginalTo:user2@example.intranet
DeliveredTo:user2@example.intranet
To:user2@example.intranet
Subject:TestFromUser1
Date:Thu,26Mar200921:20:52+0700(ICT)
From:user1@example.intranet
Test
&
SquirrelMail
SquirrelMail PHP
http://www.squirrelmail.org/
Squirrelmail IMAP squirrelmail
IMAP mail dovecot
1) dovecot
[root@server1~]#yuminstalldovecot
[root@server1~]#chkconfigdovecoton
[root@server1~]#servicedovecotstart
/etc/init.d/dovecotstart
[root@server1~]#
dovecot
118
2) Squirrelmail
[root@server1~]#tarxvfzsquirrelmail1.4.17.tar.gz
[root@server1~]#cdsquirrelmail1.4.17
[root@server1squirrelmail1.4.17]#cpR*/var/www/html/webmail/
[root@server1squirrelmail1.4.17]#cd/var/www/html/webmail/config
[root@server1config]#cpconfig_default.phpconfig.php
[root@server1config]#cd/var/local/
[root@server1local]#mkdirpsquirrelmail/data
[root@server1local]#chmod777squirrelmail/data
3) Browser URL http://webmail.example.intranet

Login
22-1 Login SquirrelMail
119
SquirrelMail
22-2 SquirrelMail
SquirrelMail
Plugins
webmail OpenWebmail, NOCC Webmail, IlohaMail
120
23
SSH SFTP

telnet telnet

Secure Shell (SSH)
Secure Shell (SSH)

SSH telnet
Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP)
FTP SSH sftp-server
sftp linux
Windows SSH winscp
SSH Secure File Transfer Client
ssh sftp Red Hat
Firewall
ssh
usage: ssh [-1246AaCfgKkMNnqsTtVvXxY] [-b bind_address] [-c cipher_spec]
[-D [bind_address:]port] [-e escape_char] [-F configfile]
[-i identity_file] [-L [bind_address:]port:host:hostport]
[-l login_name] [-m mac_spec] [-O ctl_cmd] [-o option] [-p port]
[-R [bind_address:]port:host:hostport] [-S ctl_path]
[-w local_tun[:remote_tun]] [user@]hostname [command]
ssh
[root@client1~]#sshlroot192.168.2.111
root@192.168.2.111'spassword:
Lastlogin:FriMar2718:23:352009from192.168.2.111
[root@client1~]#
[root@client1~]#sshlroot192.168.2.111shutdownhnow
Lastlogin:FriMar2718:23:352009from192.168.2.111
ssh
SSH Client
Putty SSH Secure Shell Client
121
Putty
23-1 Putty
SSH Secure Shell Client
23-2 SSH Secure Shell Client
122
sftp
sftp [-1Cv] [-B buffer_size] [-b batchfile] [-F ssh_config]
[-o ssh_option] [-P sftp_server_path] [-R num_requests] [-S program]
[-s subsystem | sftp_server] host
ftp [[user@]host[:file [file]]]
sftp [[user@]host[:dir[/]]]
sftp -b batchfile [user@]host
sftp
Server (Download)
root@amdx2:~#sftproot@192.168.2.111
Connectingto192.168.2.111...
sftp>ls
mydb_backup.tar.gz
sftp>getmydb_backup.tar.gz
getmydb_backup.tar.gz
Fetching/root/mydb_backup.tar.gztomydb_backup.tar.gz
/root/mydb_backup.tar.gz100%2080.2KB/s
00:00
sftp>
Server (Upload)
root@amdx2:~#ls
VirtualBox2.1.241885Linux_amd64.run
sftp>bye
root@amdx2:~#sftproot@192.168.2.111
Connectingto192.168.2.111...
sftp>lls
VirtualBox2.1.241885Linux_amd64.run
sftp>putVirtualBox2.1.241885Linux_amd64.run
UploadingVirtualBox2.1.241885Linux_amd64.runto/root/VirtualBox
2.1.241885Linux_amd64.run
VirtualBox2.1.241885Linux_amd64.run100%37MB3.1MB/s
00:12
sftp>
sftp
sftp
client WinSCP, SSH Secure File transfer Client
123
WinSCP
23-3 winscp
SSH Secure File transfer Client
23-4 SSH Secure File transfer Client
124
SFTP
sftp gFTP
23-5 gFTP
125
24
NFS Server
Network File System (NFS) Sun Microsystems 1984

NFS Server
Red Hat NFS NFS
NFS portmap
[root@server1~]#chkconfigportmapon
[root@server1~]#serviceportmapstart
Startingportmap:[OK]
[root@server1~]#chkconfignfson
[root@server1~]#servicenfsstart
StartingNFSservices:[OK]
StartingNFSquotas:[OK]
StartingNFSdaemon:[OK]
StartingNFSmountd:[OK]
[root@server1~]# [OK]
NFS Server
/etc/exports
/var/ftp/pub
192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0(ro,sync,no_root_squash)
/var/ftp/pub
192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0
IP Address
options
rw
ro

async

sync
all_squash
anonymous
root_squash
root anonymous
no_root_squash
root root
anonuid=uid
uid
anongid=gid
gid
no_wdelay
http://www.troubleshooters.com/linux/nfs.htm
126
/etc/exports restart service NFS

[root@server1~]#servicenfsrestart
ShuttingdownNFSmountd:[OK]
ShuttingdownNFSdaemon:[OK]
ShuttingdownNFSquotas:[OK]
ShuttingdownNFSservices:[OK]
StartingNFSservices:[OK]
StartingNFSquotas:[OK]
StartingNFSdaemon:[OK]
StartingNFSmountd:[OK]
[root@server1~]#[OK]

NFS Server
[root@server1~]#exportfs
/var/ftp/pub192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0
[root@server1~]#
[root@server1~]#showmounte192.168.1.1
Exportlistforlocalhost:
/var/ftp/pub192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0
NFS Client
server
NFS Client mount mount
15
mount
[root@server1~]# mkdir /mnt/nfs
[root@server1~]# mount 192.168.1.1:/var/ftp/pub /mnt/nfs
mount nfs
mount
mount /etc/fstab /etc/fstab 15

192.168.1.1:/var/ftp/pub /mnt/nfsnfs
defaults
127
25
Server Arno's Script
Firewall iptables
kernel iptables
Firewall
system-configsecurity-level
Server
iptables Arno's Script Arno van Amersfoort
Electronics/Computer Engineering arno
http://rocky.eld.leidenuniv.nl/
24-1 Arno's Script
128
Arno's script
http://rocky.eld.leidenuniv.nl/iptables-firewall/arno-iptables-fir ewall_1.8.6c.tar.gz
arno-iptables-firewall_1.8.6c.tar.gz
[root@server1~]#tarxvfzarnoiptablesfirewall_1.9.0b.tar.gz
arnoiptablesfirewall_1.9.0b/
arnoiptablesfirewall_1.9.0b/bin/
arnoiptablesfirewall_1.9.0b/bin/arnofwfilter
arnoiptablesfirewall_1.9.0b/bin/arnoiptablesfirewall
arnoiptablesfirewall_1.9.0b/etc/
[root@server1~]#cdarnoiptablesfirewall_1.9.0b
[root@server1arnoiptablesfirewall_1.9.0b]#ls
bincontribgpl_license.txtREADMEuninstall.sh
CHANGELOGetcinstall.shshare
[root@server1arnoiptablesfirewall_1.9.0b]#./install.sh
Whatisyourexternalinterface(aka.internetinterface)(multiple
interfacesshouldbecommaseparated)?eth0
DoesyourexternalinterfacegetitsIPthroughDHCP?(Y/N)N
Doyouwanttobepingablefromtheinternet?(Y/N)Y
WhichTCPportsdoyouwanttoallowfromtheinternet?(ie.22=SSH,
80=HTTP,etc.)(commaseparatemultipleports)?2280
WhichUDPportsdoyouwanttoallowfromtheinternet?(ie.53=DNS,
etc.)(commaseparatemultipleports)?53
Doyouhaveaninternal(akaLAN)interfacethatyouwanttosetup?(Y/N)
N
Doyouwanttheinitscripttobeverbose(printoutwhatit'sdoing)?
(Y/N)Y
Arno's Script
Arno's Script
[root@server1arnoiptablesfirewall_1.9.0b]#chkconfigiptablesoff
[root@server1arnoiptablesfirewall_1.9.0b]#chkconfigarnoiptables
firewallon
[root@server1arnoiptablesfirewall_1.9.0b]#/etc/init.d/arnoiptables
firewallstart
IPTABLES iptables -L
port
/etc/arno-iptablesfirewall/firewall.conf /etc/arno-iptables-firewall/firewall.conf
Proxy Firewall Endian IPCop
/etc/arno-iptables-firewall/firewall.conf
IPTABLES /etc/arno-iptables-firewall.conf
129
/etc/arno-iptables-firewall/firewall.conf

EXT_IF="eth0"
EXT_IF
eth0 eth1 eth2
OPEN_ICMP="1"
OPEN_ICMP ping OPEN_ICMP="1"
ping OPEN_ICMP="0" ping
OPEN_TCP="22 80"
OPEN_TCP Port TCP port
OPEN_UDP="53"
OPEN_UDP Port UDP OPEN_TCP
130
26
SAMBA
Samba
smbclient linux, unix
Samba system-config-packages
26-1 Samba system-config-pakages

yum install samba Samba chkconfig samba on
Samba service smb start /etc/init.d/smb start
Samba
Samba
1) useradd
2) passwd
3) Samba smbpasswd -a
131
[root@server1~]#useraddpiti
[root@server1~]#passwdpiti
Changingpasswordforuserpiti.
NewUNIXpassword:
[root@server1~]#smbpasswdapiti
NewSMBpassword:
RetypenewSMBpassword:
startsmbfilepwent_internal:file/etc/samba/smbpasswddidnotexist.
Filesuccessfullycreated.
Addeduserpiti.
[root@server1~]#servicesmbstart
StartingSMBservices:[OK]
StartingNMBservices:[OK]
[root@server1~]#
server
\\192.169.1.111 Username password
26-2 Login Samba
132
Login
26-3 Login Samba

Samba
Server Samba
[root@server1~]#mkdir/share
[root@server1~]#chownpiti.piti/share
[root@server1~]#vi/etc/samba/smb.conf
/etc/samba/smb.conf
[ourshare]
comment=ShareFolder
path=/share
validusers=piti
public=no
writable=yes
Samba
[root@server1~]#servicesmbrestart
ShuttingdownSMBservices:[OK]
ShuttingdownNMBservices:[OK]
[root@server1~]#
133
Login Refresh ourshare
26-4 /share ourshare
4
1. (pr) 1 somsri
2. (web) 2 somchai, suchart
3. (sale) 1 somwang
4. (support) 1 saisamorn
Samba Server pr, web, sale support
(manager)
134
User
[root@server1~]#groupaadmanager
[root@server1~]#groupaadpr
[root@server1~]#groupaadweb
[root@server1~]#groupaddsale
[root@server1~]#groupaddsupport
[root@server1~]#useraddgmanagermanager
[root@server1~]#useraddgprsomsri
[root@server1~]#useraddgwebsomchai
[root@server1~]#useraddgwebsuchart
[root@server1~]#useraddgsalesomwang
[root@server1~]#useraddgsupportsaisamorn
[root@server1~]#usermodGpr,web,sale,supportmanager
[root@server1~]#passwdmanager
[root@server1~]#passwdsomsri
[root@server1~]#passwdsomchai
[root@server1~]#passwdsuchart
[root@server1~]#passwdsomwang
[root@server1~]#passwdsaisamorn
[root@server1~]#smbpasswdamanager
[root@server1~]#smbpasswdasomsri
[root@server1~]#smbpasswdasomchai
[root@server1~]#smbpasswdasuchart
[root@server1~]#smbpasswdasomwang
[root@server1~]#smbpasswdasaisamorn
[root@server1~]#mkdir/depts
[root@server1~]#mkdirp/depts/{pr,web,sale,support}
[root@server1~]#groupaddpr
[root@server1~]#groupaddweb
[root@server1~]#groupaddsale
[root@server1~]#groupaddsupport
[root@server1~]#chgrppr/depts/pr
[root@server1~]#chgrpweb/depts/web
[root@server1~]#chgrpsale/depts/sale
[root@server1~]#chgrpsupport/depts/support
[root@server1~]#chmod770/depts/pr
[root@server1~]#chmod770/depts/web
[root@server1~]#chmod770/depts/sale
[root@server1~]#chmod770/depts/support
[root@server1~]#chmodg+s/depts/*
135
/etc/samba/smb.conf
[pr]
comment=ShareforPR
path=/depts/pr
validusers=managersomsri
public=no
writable=yes
[web]
comment=ShareforWeb
path=/depts/web
validusers=managersomchaisuchat
public=no
writable=yes
[sale]
comment=ShareforSale
path=/depts/sale
validusers=managersomwang
public=no
writable=yes
[support]
comment=ShareforSupport
path=/depts/support
validusers=managersaisamorn
public=no
writable=yes
user comment
#[homes]
;comment=HomeDirectories
;browseable=no
;writable=yes
Samba
[root@server1~]#/etc/init.d/smbrestart
ShuttingdownSMBservices:[OK]
ShuttingdownNMBservices:[OK]
[root@server1~]#
136
Samba
Samba 2 Global Global
[global] global
[home] [printers] [xxx] xxx
; (semi-colon) # (hash)
#
;
# A private directory, usable only by fred. Note that fred requires write
# access to the directory.
;[fredsdir]
; comment = Fred's Service
; path = /usr/somewhere/private
; valid users = fred
; public = no
; writable = yes
; printable = no
Samba 4
security
security = share user
security = user username password samba
security = server security = user username password
Samba server
security = domain Samba Windows Domain
primary domain controller (PDC) Samba server
Public = yes Guest ok = yes /etc/samba/smbd.conf
137
security Samba (client)
user
user set password password
encrypt passwords = yes
smb passwd file = /etc/samba/smbpasswd
encrypt passwords = yes user login /etc/samba/smbpasswd
user /etc/samba/smbpasswd
smbpasswd -a user smbpasswd somchai
password user smbpasswd user smbpasswd somchai
smbpasswd smbpasswd help encrypt passwords = no password
/etc/pasword
Networking Options
Network IP Address
hosts allow = 192.168.1.
hosts deny = 192.168.1.226/255.255.255.255
hosts deny = ALL EXCEPT 192.168.1.
192.168.1. () Samba
192.168.1. 0/255.255.255.0 192.168.1.0/24 IP
192.168.1.1-192.168.1.254
Samba configuration host allow, hosts deny
1. hosts allow hosts deny Samba
( hosts allow = ALL)
2. hosts allow, hosts deny [global]
hosts allow, deny
3. hosts allow hosts deny hosts

allow deny
4. hosts deny hosts allow
hosts deny allow
138
5. ip address subnet hosts allow hosts deny

deny
File Permissions and Attributes
create mask default permission create

mask = 0640
directory mask default permission
directory mask = 750
Samba permission
option Samba permission

valid users = somchai suchart @web
( @
group)
** valid users invalid users
invalid users
invalid users = lertsak @guest
writable = yes
writeable = yes
write ok = yes
read only = no

read list = choawalit kitisak

read list list write list, read only, writeable read only
write list = lersak, phuwadon, siriwan

139
write read only = yes

public = no
guest ok = no
public guest ok yes
hosts equiv =

/etc/samba/smb.conf hosts equiv
( hosts.equiv
Unix)
http://www.thaicert.org/paper/unix_linux/samba.php
smbclient
smbclient client
smbclient // IP Address/ -U username%password
root@sothorn:~#smbclient//192.168.1.111/prUmanager%password
Domain=[OURINTRANET]OS=[Unix]Server=[Samba3.0.101.4E]
smb:\>ls
.D0SatMar2813:53:302009
..D0ThuMar2615:43:342009
new_file_in_pr.txtA0SatMar2813:52:552009
63002blocksofsize131072.39053blocksavailable
smb:\>?
?altnamearchiveblocksizecancel
case_sensitivecdchmodchowndel
dirduexitgetgetfacl
hardlinkhelphistorylcdlink
lowercaselsmaskmdmget
mkdirmoremputneweropen
printpromptputpwdq
queuequitrdrecursereget
renamereputrmrmdirsetmode
statsymlinktartarmodetranslate
volumevuidlogonlistconnectshowconnect
!
smb:\>

Samba
140
27
linux rescue
linux rescue CentOS CD DVD
rescue
CD DVD rescue

linux rescue
CD DVD CentOS
141
Option F2 linux rescue boot prompt rescue
142
Network Yes No
143
mount /mnt/sysimage
Continue mount Read-Only
Skip
/mnt/sysimage OK
144
OK / CD
chroot /mnt/sysimage
145
/etc/fstab mount
mount
146
linux rescue

147
CentOS
148
1
2
3 CentOS
4
5 Service
6
7 Vi
8 RPM Yum
9 User / Group Accounts
10 Permission Directory
11 System Config
12 mount system
13 Backup
14
15 crontab
16
17 Disk Quota
18 DNS (Domain Name System)
19 Apache Virtual Host
20 MySQL
21 Apache+PHP
22 Postfix Mail Server
23 SSH SFTP
24 NFS Server
25 Server Arno's Script
26 SAMBA
27 linux rescue
1
3
5
31
36
40
43
46
57
60
64
70
72
74
77
79
87
90
97
102
108
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149
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. .
() 2
3615621
1 .. 2540 - 30 .. 2541

1 .. 2541 - 31 .. 2543

1 .. 2543 - 26 .. 2550 Hospital OS
.. 2542 (http://www.linuxsiam.com)
26 2546 Red Hat Certified Engineer (RHCE)
12 2549 3 6

2550 7
2552 9
http://linux.sothorn.org
http://www.bansuanporpeang.com
150
...
http://linux.sothorn.org

937-0-05817-6
sothorn@gmail.com

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1

1. MBR (Master Boot Record)

1-2 Partition 1 4 Extended

1-3 Partition 2 2 Extended

1-4 IDE , SCSI SATA

F2 Options Options Enter

Create custom layout

Mount Point /boot File System Type ext3 Size 100 MB OK

New / Mount Point / File System Type ext3 9 GB

New swap File System Type swap 2000 MB

New /home Mount Point /home File System Type ext3

New /tmp Mount Point /tmp File System Type ext3

New /var/lib/mysql Mount Point /var/lib/mysql

First Boot Forward

Disable Firewall Yes

Additional CDs CD Finish CentOS 5.2

GRUB (Grand Unified Bootloader)

default=0 default=1 Windows

service rsync disable = yes disable = no service

5-3 serviceconf / system-config-service

serviceconf / system-config-service GUI

Driver C:\ , D:\

i386, i586, athlon : Intel x86 Compatible Alpha : Digital Alpha/AXP

Output option: -v, -h #

Package (rpm -qi mysql-server)

Package mysql-server (rpm -ql mysql-server)

(rpm -qf /usr/bin/mysql)

.rpm (rpm -qlp mysql-server-5.0.457.el5.i386.rpm)

.rpm (rpm -qip mysql-server-5.0.45-7.el5.i386.rpm)

rpm (rpm-consistent behavior)

comps.xml multiple repository groups

yum (package depency data)

yum check update

groupadd -g 1000 manager

# Set password user somchai

.html execute browser error

10-2 error browser execute

11-1 System Settings

11-2 Server Configuration Tools

11-3 Administration Tools

Text Mode setup

11-7 setup Network configuration

mount -t vfat /dev/hda1 /mnt/hda1

tar (Tape Archiver)

[root@server1 ~]# crontab -e

fdisk -l 40.0 GB 4865 cylinders 1353

Last cylinder or +size Enter Extended p

5 Extended cylinder 1354 4865

n First cylinder Enter default

ID 83 System Linux File system

ID 83 File system Linux

mke2fs File system

/dev/hda5 /backup /etc/fstab

vfat ntfs 95, 98, ME vfat FAT32

auto option auto filesystem CD-ROM Floppy

auto and noauto auto mount auto default

1. /etc/fatab 4 mount options usrquota grpquota

www.keepdomain.com DNS Server

Network Associates, Inc.

yum install bind-chroot

chmod 755 /var/named/

Linux RedHat 1 . 262-263

4) Browser URL http://www.example.intranet

2 IP 192.168.2.111 192.168.2.112 192.168.2.112