/fi6kltsf] ;+/If0fdf c;+jw} flgs sfd M 5 bn

jif{ ^, c+s !*,

@)^( ;fn kmfu'g !# ut] cfOtaf/ (Feb. 24, 2013)

rLg 3]g]{ /0fgLltcg';f/ g]kfndf a}b]lzs rnv]n M ls/0f

sf7df8f}F . g]skfdfcf]jfbLsf cWoIf
df]xg j}B ls/0f n] rLgnfO{ 3]g{]
/0fgLltcg';f/ g]kfndf a}bl] zs rnv]n
a9]sf] bfjL u/]sf 5g\ . clvn g]kfn
n]vs ;+3sf] ;+jfb 8jnLdf cfof]lht
8f= /fhg kf]v/]nf/f lnlvt k':ts
kl/rrf{ tyf x:tfGt/0f sfo{qmddf
cWoIf ls/0fn] ;f] bfaL u/]sf x'g\ . pgn]
eg] , ;fd|fHojfbL / lj:tf/jfbL
of]hgfcg';f/ g]kfndf /fhg}lts
cl:y/tf lglDtPsf] 5 ,l:ylt w]/} uDeL/
ag]/ uof] . ;+;bLo Joj:yf k"/} c;kmn
x'bF 5} , pgLxn] klg bneGbf lgb{n /f]Hg
vf]Hg'n] klg of] s'/f k|dfl0ft x'G5 .

pgn] cufl8 eg] ,

olt 7"nf] zxfbt
k|fKt u/L cfpFbf
klg hgtfsf]
hgjfb cfpg
;s]sf] 5}g . of]
vfnL 7fpF s]n] eg]{ <
eGb} pgn] ts{ u/],
k| l tlqmofjfbLx lg/\ s ' z tf /
lgb{oLotfn] eg{ vf]Hb}5g\ . b]zdf km]l/
klg kmfl;jfbL cEof; ug{ vf]Hb}5g\ t/
xfdLx uf]nd]r ;efaf6 xn lgsfnf}F
eGb}5f} . olteGbf klg pgLx ;'Gb}gg\
-afF s L clGtd k] h df_

k|wfgGofowLznfO{ k|wfgdGqL lbP cfGbf]ng M af/

sf7df8f}F . g]kfn af/ P;f]l;P;gn]
k|wfgGofofwLz lvn/fh /]UdLnfO{ r'gfjL
;/sf/sf] g]tT[ j lbg] d'Vo tLg bn /
dw];L df]rf{sf] tof/Lk|lt rsf]{ c;Gt'li6
k|s6 u/]sf] 5 . af/n] k|wfgGofofwLznfO{
g} k|wfgdGqLsf] lhDd]jf/L lbP cfGbf]ngdf
hfg] r]tfjgL klg lbPsf] 5 . k|dv
'
bnsf g]tfxn] z'qmaf/ l;+xb/jf/df
u/]sf] 5nkmndf af/n] Gofokflnsf
k|dv
' nfO{ sfo{kflnsf k|dv
' agfpg gx'g]
atfpFb} olb agfPsf] v08df cfGbf]ngdf

hfg] r]tfjgL lbPsf] xf] . Gofokflnsf

k|dv
' nfO{ sfo{kflnsf k|dv
' ;d]t agfP
To;n] d'ns
' lg/s'z
+ tfdf hfg] af/sf]
7x/ 5 . k|dv
' bnn] laxLaf/ u/]sf]
5nkmndf b'O{ bh{g sfg'g Joj;foLn]
afwf c8\sfp km'sfP/ k|wfgGofofwLz
/]UdLs} cWoIftfdf r'gfjL ;/sf/ u7g
ubf{ ;+jw} flgs / sfg'gL lx;fjn] s'g}
cj/f]w gx'g] ;'emfj lbP klg af/ eg]
To;sf] lj/f]wdf plePsf] xf] . d'Vo
-afF s L clGtd k] h df_

6]lnsdsf] PghLPg k|ljlwk|lt /c sf] x:tIf]k

sf7df8f}F . ef/tsf] l/;r{ P08
PgfnfOl;; jLu /c n] g]kfn
6]lnsdn] ;'? u/]sf] g]S:6 h]g/] ;] g g]6js{
-PghLPg_ k|ljlwk|lt uDeL/ rf;f] k|s6
u/]sf] 5 . ef/t ;/sf/n] g]kfn
6]lnsdn] lrlgofF sDkgL h]86LO{ /
x'jfj];uF PghLPg k|ljlw h8fg ug{]
;Demf}tf u/]kl5 uDeL/ rf;f] b]vfPsf]

xf] . ef/tsf] Osf]gf]lds 6fOD;sf

cg';f/, /cn] oL pks/0f;Fu g]kfn
ef/taLr x'g] jftf{ df]lg6/ jf OG6/;]K6
ug{ au d]lzg klg lelqg ;Sg] eGb}
rf;f] b]vfPsf] xf] . /csf] rf;f]df
ef/tsf] 6]lnsd ljefun] k//fi6
dGqfnonfO{ kq n]Vb} plrt txdf of]
-afF s L clGtd k] h df_

d"No ?= &.

sf7df8f}F . /fi6klt 8f= /fdj/0f ofbjnfO{ g]skfdfcf]jfbL;lxtsf ^ bnn]

/fi6klt ofbjsf] ;+/If0fdf bnx?n] c;+jw} flgs sfd ul//x]sf]df lj/f]wkq a'emfPsf
5g\ . /fi6klt ofbjnfO{ ^ bnn] k|wfgGofofwLzsf] g]tT[ jdf aGg] ;/sf/n] u/fpg]
r'gfjdf efu glng] hfgsf/L u/fPsf 5g\ . ^ bnn] /fi6klt ofbjsf] k|wfgGofofwLz
g]tT[ jdf r'gfjL ;/sf/ agfpg] tof/Lsf] lj/f]wdf /fi6klt /fdj/0f ofbjnfO{ a'waf/
1fkg kq a'emfpFb} pgLx?n] ;+ljwfgljk/Ltsf 3f]if0ff vf/]h ug{] dfu u/]sf 5g\ .
g]skfdfcf]jfbLsf] g]tT[ jdf /fi6klt 8f= /fdj/0f ofbjnfO{ a'emfPsf] lj/f]wkqsf]
k"0f{kf7 o; k|sf/ 5 g]kfnsf] oltv]/sf] ;+qmd0fsfnLg /fhgLlts cj:yfdf afx[o
zlSts]Gb|x?n] cfGtl/s dfldnfdf rnv]n u/L /fli6o ;fj{ef}d;QfnfO{ s'l07t
u/fO/x]sf] ;j{ljlbt} 5, o;n] ubf{ /fhgLlts ;+s6 t k}bf eO/x]s} lyof], k/Gt'
To;af6 d'ns
' nfO{ arfpg'sf] ;f pN6}} cGtl/d ;+ljwfgljk/Lt ;Ddflgt ;jf]R{ r
cbfntsf] @)^* d+l;/ ( ut]sf] cfb]zaf6 ;fj{ef}d clwsf/ ;DkGg Joj:yflksfsf]
If]qlwsf/dfly xgg u/]/ ;+jw} flgs ;+s6sf] ljhf/f]k0f ul/of] . ;+ljwfg;efsf] $
jif{sf] sfo{sfndf tLg bn / dw];L df]rf{sf zLif{gt] f?sf sf/0fn] gofF ;+ljwfg gag]
klg ljBdfg cGtl/d ;+ljwfgaf6 g} d'ns
' sf] tTsfnsf] ;+jw} flgs Joj:yfnfO{
lg/Gt/tf lbg ;lsGYof] . t/ @)^( h]7 !$ ut] dWo/ftdf ;DdfggLo k|wfgdGqLHo"af6
-afF s L ^ k] h df_

rf/ bn aGb}5g\ ljb]zLsf bnfn

sf7df8f}F . cfk"mnfO{ b]zeQm,
/fi6jfbL 3f]lift ug]{ bnx kl5Nnf]
;dodf cfOk'Ubf ljb]zL zlQmsf]
Odfgbf/ bnfn ePsf] k'li6 ePsf]
5 . d'n'sdf a9\b} uPsf /fhgLlts
;+s6sf] lgsf; vf]Hg] bnxsf] nfdf]
k| o f; k6sk6s c;kmn x' F b }
cfPsf]df ljb]zL zlQmsf] x:tIf]kkl5
gf6sLo kf/fn] ;xdltdf k' U g
vf]Hb}5g\ . k|hftGq / ax'bnLo
;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] kIfdf lg/Gt/
n8]sf] bfaL ug]{ sfFu|];nufotsf
bn;d]t ca bnsf] ljsNk vf]Hg
tof/ ePsf 5g\ . g] k fndf
k|wfgdGqL r'Gg], x6fpg] ;a} 7]Ssf
ljb]zL zlQmn] lnPsf] k|dfl0ft
eO/xFbf ToxL d];f]df k|wfg GofowLz
lvn/fh /]UdL;d]t Gofo 5f8]/
sfo{kflnsf k|d'v aGg] WofpGgdf
nfu]sf]k|lt sfg'gljb\xn] rsf]{
cfnf]rgf u/]sf 5g\ . k"/fk"/ ljb]zL
zlQm To;df klg ef/t / o'/f]lkog
o'lgogsf] k|ToIf x:tIf]kdf oxfF
k|wfgGofowLznfO{ k|wfgdGqL agfpg

vf]lhPsf] hfgsf/xn] atfPsf

5g\ . g]kfnsf] Oltxf;df olt gff]
u/L slxNo} cfGtl/s dfdnfdf
x:tIf]k gePsf] ;d]t pgLxsf]
egfO/x]sf] 5 . Tof] klg cfk"mnfO{
/fi6jfbL zlQm bfaL ug]{ / /fli6o
:jfwLgtfsf] kIfdf n8\g] atfpFb}
cfPsf] Pdfcf]jfbLs} ;/sf/ /x]sf]

bnfn aGb} uPsf] eGb} tL bnxn]

To;df gd'l5g /fi6klt / k|wfg
GofowLznfO{ ;d]t ;r]t u/fPsf
5g\ . cfGtl/skdf ;d:of ;dfwfg
ug]{ ljleGg pkfo x'bF fx'bF } ljb]zL zlQmn]
agfOlbPsf] ;"qnfO{ cfgf] ;"q eGb}
Pdfcf]jfbL cWoIf k|r08 x]6f}8F faf6
s'ln{Pkl5 /0fe'Nndf k/]sf sfFu;
]| ,

a]nf o;/L j}bl] zs x:tIf]k a9\gn

' fO{
cy{k"0f{kdf x]l/Psf] 5 .
Pdfcf]jfbL, sfFu;
]| , Pdfn] / dw];L
df]rf{ cfa4 bnxsf] Psflwsf/jfbL
;f]r / pgLxn] ub}d{ f /fli6o ;xdlt
x'g] s'/fnfO{ cGo /fhgLlts zlQmn]
s8f kdf lj/f]w ug]{ ePsf 5g\ .
rf/ bn ljb]zL zlQmsf] Odfgbf/

Pdfn] kl5Nnf] ;do k|r08sf] ToxL

d'2fdf Pstf ePsf 5g\ . :d/0fLo
s'/f s] 5 eg] sfFu|];, Pdfn]sf
clwsf+z g]tfx k|wfgGofowLznfO{
k|wfgdGqL agfpg] kIfdf b]lvFbg} g\ .
tL kf6L{sf g]tT[ j txdf /x]sf Ps
xft g]tfxsf] clwgfosTjsf sf/0f
tL kf6L{ x k| w fgGofowLznfO{

dfcf]jfbL d'Vofnodf /fhb"txsf] hd36

sf7df8f} F . jt{ d fg ;+ s 6sf]
lgsf; k|wfg GofowLznfO{ k|wfgdGqL
agfP/ lg:sg ;Sb} g eGb}
cfGbf] n gdf plqPsf] g] s kf
dfcf]jfbLsf] wf/0ff a'g ljleGg
b] z sf cfwf bh{ g eGbf a9L
/fhb" t x ut z' q maf6 kf6L{
d' V ofno a' 4 gu/ k' u ] s f lyP .
pgLx jt{dfg ;+s6sf] lgsf;sf
af/]df dfcf]jfbLsf] :ki6 wf/0ff a'g
kf6L{ sfof{no k'u]sf] dfcf]jfbLn]
atfPsf] 5 . /fhb"txsf] e]6df
kf6L{ pkfWoIf ;LkL uh'/n
] uf}/j /
dxf;lrj /fdaxfb'/ yfkf afbnn]
jt{dfg ;+s6sf] lgsf; uf]nd]r
;efaf6 vf]Hg'kg]{ kf6L{sf] cflwsfl/s
wf/0ff /fhb"txnfO{ cjut u/fPsf]
e]6kl5 dfcf]jfbL kf6L{f/f hf/L
ul/Psf] lj1lKtdf elgPsf] 5 .
/fhb"tx;Fusf] e]6kl5 dfcf]jfbL
kf6L{n] hf/L u/]sf] k|;
] lj1lKtsf] k"0f{

ljj/0f o;k|sf/ /x]sf] 5 o'/f]lkog

ldzg -hd{ g L, k| m fG;, 8] g dfs{ ,
lkmgNof08, a]nfot / o'/f]lkog
o' l gog_ sf ;fy} gj{ ] /
:jL6\ h /Nof08sf] Ps k| l tlglw
d08nn] g]skf -dfcf]jfbLsf] s]lGb|o
sfof{ n odf s] l Gb| o pkfWoIf /
dxf;lrj;Fu e]6 uof] . vf;u/L
:jL6\h/Nof08, k|mfG;, a]nfot /
8]gdfs{sf dxfdlxd /fhb"txn]
g]kfnsf] zflGt k|s[of, ljBdfg
/fhg}lts uTofj/f]w, uDeL/ cfly{s
;+s6 / To;sf sf/0f pTkGg g]kfnsf]
nf]stGq, ;'/Iff, k|zf;g / ljsf;sf]
sfddf ePsf] uTofj/f]wk|lt uDeL/
rf;f] JoSt uof] . of] l:yltsf]
cGTosf] nflu g]skf -dfcf]jfbLn] s'g
lsl;dn] cufl8 a9\g] ;f]rs
] f] 5 eGg]
lh1f;f klg JoSt u/]sf lyP . oL
lh1f;fxsf] pQ/ lbFb} s]lGb|o
kbflwsf/Loaf6 oL ;a}

;d:ofxsf] sf/s tTjx slyt

tLg k|d'v bn / dw]zL df]rf{sf
zLif{g]tfx tyf sltko ljb]zL
zlSts]Gb| g} ePsf], ;+ljwfg;efsf]
lj36g kl5 g]kfnsf] /fhg}lts /
;+j}wflgs ;+s6 emg\ hl6n ag]sf]
/ g]kfn cfly{s kdf c;kmn /fi6
aGg] vt/ftkm{ cufl8 al9/x]sf]
atfpg'eof] . of] cj:yfdf of] ;+s6
;dfwfgsf nflu xfd| f ] kf6L{ s f
tkm{af6 uf]nd]r ;efsf] k|:tfj
cufl8 ;fl/Psf] 5 . t/, xfd|f] kf6L{sf]
of] k|:tfjnfO{ s'g} klg Wofg glbO{
k'gM ltg} slyt tLg bn / dw]zL
df]rf{sf g]tfxn] g} of] ;+s6nfO{
emg\ pu| kdf a9fO/x]sf] s'/f :ki6
kf/]sf] lyof] . To;kl5 pxfFxn]
dfcf]jfbL kf6L{sf] t'?Gt} r'gfj
alxisf/ u/] / ;z:q ;+ 3 if{ jf
-afF s L clGtd k] h df_

k|wfgdGqL agfpg ;xdt b]lvPsf]

atfPsf] 5 . csf]t{ km{ g]kfnL sfFu;
]| sf
;efklt ;'zLn sf]O/fnf :jod\ ljb]zL
zlQmsf] x:tIf]knfO{ :jLsfg{ g;s]/
To:tf] lg0f{o u/fpg' k/]sf] lg/Lx aGb}
u/]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . cfk"mx ljb]zLsf]
bnfn x'g' k/]sf]df rf/ bnsf zLif{
g]tfxnfO{ s'g} k5'tf] 5}g . nfdf]
;dob]lv ;xdlt / ;xsfo{sf] jsfnt
ub}{ cfPsf k|dv
' bnx cGttM ljb]zL
zlQmn] NofOlbPsf] of]hgfdf ;xdt
eP/ pgLxsf] bnfn ag]sf]df ToxL
bnleqsf Odfgbf/ g]tf, sfo{stf{ dfq
xf]Og, cfdhgtf;d]t cfZro{rlst
ePsf 5g\ . g]kfnnfO{ k|of]uzfnf dfq
xf]Og, cfgf] cg'sn
" tfsf] ;/sf/ v8f
u/]/ o'/f]k / ef/t oxfF v]Nb} cGtlt/
k|rf/ ug{ rfx]sf] ljZn]ifsxn]
atfPsf 5g\ . ;fj{ef}d b]zsf hgtf
cfgf] d'ns
' nfO{ s'g} klg xfntdf
k|of]uzfnf aGg lbg] kIfdf gePsf]
eGb} pgLxn] rf/ bnsf]
bnfnLs/0fsf] lj?4 Psh'6 x'g;d]t
cfXjfg u/]sf 5g\ .

kmfu'g !& ut]

b] z JofkL lj/f] w ;ef
sf7df8f} . k|wfgGofowLznfO{
r'gfjL ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tj lbg nfu]sf]
eGb} cfGbf] n g/t g] s kf
dfcf]jfbL;lxt 5 bnsf] z'qmaf/
a;] s f] a} 7 sn] yk cfGbf] n gsf
sfo{ q md 3f] i f0ff u/] s f] 5 .
dfcf] j fbLsf] s] l Gb| o sfof{ n o
a'4gu/df z'qmaf/ a;]sf] a}7sn] oxL
kmfu'g !& ut] b]zJofkL kdf
lj/f]w;ef ug{n
] ufot sfo{qmd cufl8
;f/]sf] atfOPsf] 5 . a}7sdf g]skf
dfcf]jfbL, g]skf -PsLs[t_, g]skf dfcf]jfbL_, qmflGtsf/L sDo'lg:6 kf6L{,
;+3Lo lnDa"jfg\ /fHo kl/ifb\ /
;dflhs nf]stflGqs kf6L{ ;xefuL
lyP . a} 7 sdf cGo /fhgLlts
bn;Fu klg cfGbf]ngsf ljifodf
5nkmn eO/x]sf] / pgLxnfO{ klg
;xefuL u/fP/ cfGbf]ngsf sfo{qmd
yk ;zSt agfOg] ljifodf ;d]t
5nkmn ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 .

;'/Iff ;]jf cfof]u u7gsf] u[xsfo{ ;'? dxfg\ hgo'4sf] ;fy{stf

sf7df8f}F . ;'/Iff lgsfodf ;'/Iff
;]jf cfof]u u7gsf] u[xsfo{;?' ePsf]
5 . g]kfn k|x/L;lxt u[x k|zf;g
dftxtsf tLgcf]6} ;'/Iff lgsfonfO{
lgofds c+u agfpg] tof/L eO/x]sf]
u[x;lrj gjLgs'df/ l3ld/]n] atfPsf
5g . u[x;lrj l3ld/]n] lghfdtL
k|zf;g ;]jf lgodgdf ljjfb/lxt dflgg]
nf]s;]jf cfof]uh:t} lgofds c+u ;'/Iff
lgsfox?sf nflu klg cfjZos ePsf]
eGb} cfof]u u7gsf] u[xsfo{;?' ePsf]]
atfP . u[xdGqL ljhos'df/ uR5bf/n]
cfgf] sfo{sfndf k|x/L ;]jf cfof]u u7g
ug{] s'/f af/Daf/ atfO/x] klg u[x;lrj
l3ld/]n] k|x/L ;]jf cfof]u dfq geP/
tLgcf]6} lgsfonfO{ Ps} lgofds c+u
agfpg] k|:tfj u/]kl5 To;sf] d:of}bf

tof/ x'g yfn]sf] xf] . ;'/Iff ;]jf cfof]u

u7gsf nflu cfjZos P]gsf] d:of}bf
tof/ eO/x]sf] 5, u[x;lrj l3ld/]n]
eg], ;f] d:of}bfdf k|:tfljt cfof]un]
g]kfn k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L an / /fli6o
cg';Gwfg ljefudf l;kfxLb]lv ;+u7g
k|dv
' ;Ddsf] egf{, lgo'lSt, a9'jfnufot
;a} vfn] j[lQ ljsf;sf] lgodg ug]5{ .
oL tLg} lgsfodf ;]jf k|jz
] b]lv j[lQ
ljsf;sf ;a} kIfdf r/d /fhgLlts/0f
/ e|i6frf/ JofKt x'bF } cfPsf] eGb}
;a}lt/af6 rsf]{ lj/f]w x'g] u/]sf] 5 .
jfdb]j uf}td u[xdGqL ePsf]
;dodf ul7t 8f=o'j/fh ;+uf| n} fsf] k|x/L
;'wf/ cfof]un] klg k|x/L ;]jf cfof]usf]
cfjZostf ePsf] k|ltj]bg lbPsf] lyof] .
kl5Nnf] ;do g]kfn k|x/Ldf ePsf x/]s

lgikIf ;dfrf/ / k|:6 ljrf/sf nflu

www
.janakha
bar
.com
www.janakha
.janakhabar
bar.com
x]g{ ge'Ng'xf]nf .

a9'jf;DaGwL lg0f{odf ljjflbt eP/ r]g

ckm sdfG8nfO{ ;d]t pNn+3g ug{] k|jl[ Q
a9]sfn] lgodg lgsfosf] cfjZostf
/x]sf] klg u[xsf clwsf/Lx?n] hgfPsf
5g\ . h;n] ubf{ g]kfn k|x/Lsf jl/i7
clwsf/Lx? g} kIf / ljkIfdf ljeflht
5g\ . ;'/Iff ;]jf cfof]un] oL tLg}
lgsfodf cfh;Dd ePsf] Jofj;flos
j[lQ;DaGwL ;d:of lgjf/0f ug'k{ g]{ x'G5,
ToxL b[li6sf]0fdf P]gsf] d:of}bf ub}{ 5f},+
u[x;lrj l3ld/]n] eg] . ;/sf/n] oL tLg}
;'/Iff lgsfodf nfu" x'g] u/L j[lQ
ljsf;;DaGwL ;fdfGo l;4fGt k|ltkfbg
u/]nuQ} cfof]u u7gsf] u[xsfo{;?' ePsf]
xf] . ;jf]R{ r cbfntn] k|x/L cltl/St
dxflg/LIfs lbgs/zdz]/ /f0ffn]
cl3Nnf] a9'j' fdf cfk"m gkbf{ bfo/ u/]sf]
d'2fdf ;'gj' fO ub}{ a9'jf;DaGwL cfjZos
sfg'g agfpg cfb]z lbPkl5 ;fdfGo
l;4fGt tof/ ul/Psf] lyof] . ;fdfGo
l;4fGtcg';f/ pDd]bjf/xnfO{ dgnfUbL
-afF s L clGtd k] h df_

g]kfnL hgo'4sf] dxTj cfhsf]

o'udf g]kfndf dfq xf]Og ljZj
sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngdf / cfd d'lQmsfdL
hgtfsf] aLrdf hLjGt /xg] s'/f
lglZrt 5 lsgls of] ljZj qmflGt s}
Ps c+usf ?kdf :yflkt x'g k'us
] f]

k|ltlqmofjfbL /fHoJoj:yfnfO{ Wj+z

u/f},+ hgtfsf] hgjfbL /fHo;Qf :yfkgf
u/f}+ .eGg] d"n gf/fsf ;fy /f]Nkfsf]
xf]n/] L k|x/L rf}sL, ?s'dsf] /f8LHo"nf
k|x/L rf}sL, l;Gw'nLsf] l;Gw'u9L k|x/L
rf}sL / uf]/vfsf] s[lif ljsf; a}s
+ sf

If]Kof:q ax;
x:taxfb'/ s];L

5 . To;f] eP/ kmfu'g ! nfO{ ljZjs}

d'lQmsfdL hgtfn] :d/0f ug{ rfxG5g\ .
g]kfnnfO{ dfq xf]Og, ljZjnfO{ g} /fd|/L
emsemSofpg / pynk'yn k}bf ug{
;kmn dxfg hgo'4n] oxL kmfNug' !
ut] !& jif{ k"/f u/]/ !* cf}+ jif{df
k|jz
] u/]sf] 5 . / xfdLn] b]zJofkL
?kdf dxfg hgo'4sf] !* cf}+ hgo'4
lbj; eJotfsf ;fy dgfO ;s]sf] 5f}+ .
@)%@ ;fn kmfNu'g ! ut] ;fdGtjfb
/ ;fd|fHojfbsf] cf8e/f];fdf l6s]sf]

;fgf ls;fg kl/of]hgfsf] sfof{nodf

Ps} ;dodf ef}lts cfqmd ub}{ dxfg
;z:q hgo'4sf] yfngL ul/Psf] lyof] .
dxfg\ hgo'4sf] !* cf}+ P]ltxfl;s
:yfkgf lbj; j8f] qmflGtsf/L pT;fx
/ eJotfsf ;fy dgfO/x]sf] of]
dxTjk"0f{ cj;/df xfdL dfn]dfjfbL
qmflGtsf/Lx?n] hgo'4 lsg cfjZos
lyof] < eGg] af/]df klg :d/0f ug{
cfjZos x'G5 . lsgls hgo'4 hf/L
5, /f]lsPsf] 5}g . vfnL ju{ ;+3if{sf

?kx? dfq kl/jt{g ul/Psf x'g\ . /

clxn] ;Dd klg dxfg g]kfnL qmflGt
;DkGg eO;s]sf] 5}g . g]kfnL qmflGt
hf/L 5 . / g]kfnL ;j{xf/fju{sf]
pRr:t/sf] ;+ul7t cu'b:tf g]kfn
sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ dfcf]jfbLn] cfkm\gf]
P]ltxfl;s ;ftf}+ /fli6o dxflwj]zgaf6
hgo'4sf] hudf hgljb|fx] sf] jt{dfg
g]kfnL qmflGtsf] sfo{lbzf kfl/t u/]/
g]kfnL gofF hgjfbL qmflGt cyf{t\ gofF
vfn] k"h
F LjfbL qmflGt ;DkGg ub}{ j}1flgs
;dfhjfb / ;fDojfb;Dd k'Ug] dxfg
sfo{gLlts of]hgfsf ;fy cufl8
al9/x]sf] 5 .
@)%@ ;fn kmfNu'g ! ut] g} hgo'4
;+rfng ug{ lsg cfjZos lyof] t <
eGg] h'g ;jfn 5, of] ljifo s] xf] eg]
Tolta]nf g]kfnL sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ng
bzsf}+ nfdf] blIf0fkGyL ;+zf]wgjfbsf]
df;df kml;/x]sf] lyof] . ;+;bjfb,
;'wf/jfb, ;f/;+ux| jfb nufot ;j}vfn]
-afF s L clGtd k] h df_

ltdL ltd|f] tl/sfn] n8, xfdL xfd|f] tl/sfn] n8\5f}

s= dfcf]T;] t'

jif{ ^, c+s !*
!*,, kmfu'g !# ut] cfOtaf/ @)^
@)^((

 ;DkfbsLo

bnsf] ljsNk gvf]h

b]z cToGt} uDeL/ ;+s6df kl//x]sf] 5 .
b]zsf] l:ylt olt w]/} uDeL/ aGg'sf] sf/s
oxLsf /fhgLlts bnx x'g\ . cfk\mgf]] bnnfO{
b]zsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] bn / cfk"mnfO{ ;a}eGbf
7"nf] g]tf eGg ?rfpg] bn / g]tfxsf] xs{tsf
sf/0fn] g} jt{dfg ;+s6 lglDtPsf] s'/f s;} /
st}af6 l5Kg ;s]sf] 5}g . b]z / hgtfnfO{
;d' G gt agfpF 5 ' egL /fhgLltdf xf] l dPsf
g]tfxsf] gfnfosLkg s} sf/0f b; jif]{ hgo'4
/ !( lbg] hgcfGbf]ng u/]/ k|fKt ePsf tdfd
pknlAwx u'Dg] l:yltdf k'us
] f] 5 . t/, klg
jt{dfg ;+s6 lgjf/0fsf] nflu bnsf] s'g} ljsNk
b]lvFbg} . b]z / hgtfsf] nflu /fhgLlts bn /
g]tfx Odfgbf/ x'gk} 5{ . bn / g]tfx b]z /
hgtfk|lt pQ/bfoL eP eg] h:tf];s
' } ;+s6 klg
If0fe/df ;dfwfg ug{ ;S5g . lxhf] /fhtGq
kmfNg h;/L bnx Psh'6 eP/ ;kmntf k|fKt
u/]sf lyP . To;sf] bfFhf]df clxn]sf] ;d:of
s]xL xf]Og . /fhgLlts bnx / hgtfk|lt
Odfgbf/ x'g] xf], jt{dfg /fhg}lts / ;+jw
} flgs
;+s6 If0fe/df ;dfwfg x'G5 . To; sf/0f
clxn]sf] /fhgLlts ;+s6 ;dfwfg ug{ k|To]s
bnn] cfk\mgf] bn / cfk\mgf] JolQmut :jfy{eGbf
dfly p7]/ b]z / hgtfnfO{ s]Gb|df /fv]/ lg0f{o
lnP If0fe/d} ;dfwfg x'G5, o;df s'g} b'Od{ t
5}g . olb b]z / hgtfnfO{ g} a]jf:tf ub}{
/fhgLlts bn / g]tfx cufl8 a9]df of]
pgLxnfO{ ===sf] Gofgf] eGg] g]kfnL pvfgh:t}
s]xL If0fsf nflu ;/n eP klg o;n] eljiodf
uDeL/ ;+s6 lgDTofpF5 . bnxn] a]nd} f Wofg
k'ofpg'k5{, cGoyf b]zsf] /fhgLlts nufd
pgLxsf] xftaf6 u'Dg]5 . h'g s'/f k|fKt ug{
km]l/ 7"nf] alnbfgsf] cfjZostf kg{ ;S5 . t;y{,
bnxn] cfk\mgf] ljsNk gvf]hL b]z / hgtfsf]
nflu cfk;df ;xdlt / ;xsfo{df h'6g\ s
' f] ljsNk
5}g . To;}n] jt{dfg ;+s6sf] lgsf;sf nflu
b]zsf ;a} /fhgLlts bnx Ps} 7fpFdf e]nf
eP/ uDeL/ ax; rnfP/ ToxLFaf6 lgsf;
vf]Hg'k5{ . clxn]sf] cfjZostf / hgtfsf] rfxgf
klg oxL 5 .
;fx;L aGg'xf];,\ ;fx;L eO{ afFRg'xf];,\ /Qm k/LIf0f
ug'x{ f];,\ cfgf] PrcfO{eL l:ylt hfGg'xf];\ .
Be bold, live bold, get tested and know your
HIV status.

National Center for AIDS & STD

Control (NCASC)
Ph: 4261653, 4262753

/fatOfc t]u #! gu
' fmk nf; (^)@

phf{ ;+s6 6fg{ gof k|ljlwsf] cfjZostf

k|fs[lts hn;|ft] nfO{ k"0f{ k|of]udf
Nofpg ;s] d'ns
' sf] ljB't pTkfbg
Ifdtf *% xhf/ d]3fjf6 /x]sf]
ljleGg ;dodf ul/Psf] cg';Gwfg
tYof+sn] k'li6 u/]sf] 5 . k|fs[lts
;|ft] nfO{ k"0f{ k|of]udf NofP/ ljB't\
pTkfbg ug{ ;s]sf] v08df ljZj
ahf/df vkt x'g] ljB't\sf] #
k|ltzt lx:;f g]kfnsf] x'g]5 .
k|fs[lts ;|f]taf6 dfq *% xhf/
d]ufjf6 ljB't\ pTkfbg Ifdtf ePsf]
d'ns
' df pTkfbgsf ;|ft] nfO{ ;xL 9+un]
k|of]udf Nofpg g;Sbf xfd|f] b}lgsL
cGwsf/df w'ldn aGg k'u]sf] 5 .
lj1fg / k|ljlwsf] ljsf;;Fu;Fu} xfjf,
;"os
{ f] tfk cflbaf6 ;d]t j}slNks
kdf ljB't\ pTkfbg x'bF } cfPsf]
5 . pTkGg phf{ ;+s6 6fg{sf lglDt
ljZjdf gofFgofF k|ljlwsf] k/LIf0f
hf/L g} 5 . t/, xfdL eg] kf}/fl0fs
syfh:tf] leNnsf] b]zdf dl0fsf] s]
d" N o < h:tf] cgle1tf k| s 6
ub}5
{ f}F . k6sk6s x'g] ;Qf kl/jt{g,
cl:y/ /fhgLlt g} d"n sf/ssf]
kdf /x] tfklg s'g} g s'g} kfqsf]
pbo x'g g;Sg', b[9 OR5f zlSt
ePsf] kfq d'ns
' n] kfpg g;Sg'
b'ef{Uo g} xf] . l5d]sL d'n's
ef/tcGtu{tsf] laxf/ /fHo ljutdf
w] / } sf/0faf6 ab\ g fdL sdfP/
rrf{df /lx/xg] ;dosf] sfnv08
;Fu;Fu} 5f]6f] ;dod} x]bf{x]b}{ c;n
ljsf; gd'gfsf] pbfx/0f lbg ;kmn
ag]sf] 5 . d'VodGqL lgltz s'df/sf]
g]tT[ jn] lalu|Psf] 5ljnfO 5f]6f]eGbf
5f]6f] ;dodf lautsf] sfnf] bfu
d]6fpg ;kmn ePsf] xfd|f] cfFvf
cufl8 5n{ 5 . xfn d'ns
' e/ /x]sf
;fgf tyf 7"nf hnljB't\ pTkfbg
s]Gb|af6 b}lgs ^($ d]ufjf6 lah'nL
pTkfbg eO/x]sf] 5 . pTkflbt ^($
d]ufjf6 lah'nL s'n hg;+Vofsf] $)
k|ltztn] dfq pkef]u ub}{ cfPsf]
tYof+sn] b]vfpF5 . of] lx;fan] afFsL

;ftfsf] ax;
5qaxfb'/ d}gfnL

^) k| l tzt;lxt ;Dk" 0 f{ If] q df

lah'nLsf] kx'r
F k'Ug df]6fdf]6L !%))
d]ufjf6 cfjZos b]lvG5 . d'n's
e"kl/j]li7t /fi6sf] bhf{df /x] tfklg
k|sl[ tn] a/bfg:jk k|fs[lts ;|ft] n]
el/k"0f{ kfl/lbPsf] 5 . t/, ePsf
;fwg ;|ft] nfO{ ;dodf lrg]/ k|of]udf
Nofpg
g;Sbf
d' n ' s
cfly{snufotsf If]qdf emg\emg\
k5fl8 kb}{ uPsf] 5 . d'n'sdf
ljBdfg 7"nf /fhgLlts bnx
Pscfk;df ldn] / hfg g;Sbf
;hfosf] efuL d' n ' s /
cfd;j{;fwf/0f aGg k'u]sf 5g\ .
x/]s /fhgLlts bnxsf] lawfg,
r'gfaL 3f]if0ffkq x]g]{ xf] eg] w]/}
;'Gb/ zAbx vr{]/ hgtf cfslif{t
ug]{ sfdafx]s Jojxf/df dfvf] df/]sf]
b]lvFbg} . k|foM ;a} /fhgLlts bnsf]
p2]Zo d'n'snfO s;/L ;d'Ggt
agfpg] eGg] df}lvstf d} ;Lldt /xg
k'Uof], lhGbfjfb / d"bf{jfbsf] gf/f
3GsfpFb} dfq 7Ls b]Vg] k/Dk/f
/x];Dd ck]Iff u/]sf] uGtJo k'Ug]
cfwf/ b]lvFbg} . s]jn gf/fdf ;Lldt
/x]/ xf]Og Jojxf/df k'li6 ug{'kg]{
lhDd] j f/L cfOk/] s f] t km{ cu| ; /
x' g } k b{ 5 . r' g f} t L / cj;/nfO{
cfTd;ft u/]/ cufl8 a9\g ;s] dfq
uGtAo k'Ug ;lsg] cfwf/ to x'g5
] .
d'n's cfh b'lgofF;fd' xf;f]sf] kfq
aGb}5 lsgls xfdL;Fu ePsf ;|f]t
;fwgnfO{ a]jf:tf u/]/ cfofltt
j:t'df k/lge{/ a9\b} hfg' d'Vo
sf/0f xf] . o:t} cj:yf ljBdfg
/lx/Xof] eg] d' n ' s ljs/fn
/fhgLlts Gdf km:g] lglZrt 5 .
/fhwfgL sf7df8f}Fs} cj:yf x]g]{ xf]
eg] Go"gtd cfwf/e"t cfjZostf
kl/k"lt{ x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . vfg]kfgL,

kmf]xf]/ Joj:yfkg, lah'nL alQ

cflbsf] Joj:yfkg x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .
;x/ leqsf] a;f] a f; cToGt}
cJojl:yt aGb} uPsf] 5 . g s'g}
v'nf kfs{ 5 g t v]ns'bsf] nflu
kof{Kt hldgsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
k"jf{wf/ ljsf; d} ;/sf/ r'Sg k'us
] f]
5 . ljb] z L ;xof] u df lgld{ t
/fhwfgLsf] 5 n]g ;8s ;d]t
Jojl:yt aGg ;s]sf] 5}g . ;8ssf]
aLr efudf xl/ofnL x'g' kg]d
{ f Totf
vf; Wofg k'Ug ;s]sf] b]lvFb}g .
d]nDrL vf]nfsf] kfgL sf7df8f}F NofP/
afF8g\ ] of]hgf ljljw sf/0fn] k"/f x'g
;ls/x]sf] 5}g . of]hgf lgdf{0fdf
lanDa x'Fb} ;do nlDaFb} uPsf] 5 .
tTsflng ;dodf kl/sNkgf ul/Psf]
of]hgf jt{dfgdf ;do;fk]If gx'g
;Sb5 . /fhwfgLdf ljutsf] t'ngfdf
hg3gTj a9] s f] cj:yf 5 .
tTsflng ;do / jt{dfg ;doaLr
/fhwfgLsf] a;f]af;df cfsfz
hldgsf] km/s aGb} uPsf] 5 .
sf/0fjz of] h gf ;DkGg eP/
/fhwfgLaf;Ln] kfgL pkef]u ug{ kfP
klg cefj eg] sfod g} /xg]
b] l vG5 . o;} ;Gbe{ d f clk| m sL
dxfb]zdf kg]{ e"kl/j]li7t d'n'ssf]
bhf{df /x]sf] n];f]yf]sf] af/]df s]xL
pNn] v ug{ rfxG5' . clk| m sL
dxfb] z cGtu{ t kg] { n] ; f] y f] d f
/fhtGqfTds zf;g Joj:yf /xL
cfPsf] 5 . ljZj dfglrqdf #),#%%
ju{lsnf]ld6/ If]qkmn cf]u6]sf] d'ns
'
hn;|ft] s} dfWodf/f ;d'Ggt aGb}
uPsf] 5 . e"uf]nsf] ;"lrdf !$) cf}F
:yfgdf cjl:yt n];f]yf]sf] d'Vo
cfo;|f]t eg]sf] s[lif, kz'kfng,
k|fs[lts vfgLnufot lx/f / kfgL
dxTjk"0f{ ;|ft] sf kdf /x]sf] 5 .

;fy} /]ld6\ofG;dfkm{t\ lelqg] /sd yk

cfo;|ft] aGg k'us
] f] 5 . dfgj ljsfz
;"rsf+sdf !^) cf}F :yfgdf /x] tfklg
d'ns
' df ePsf k|fs[lts ;|ft] sf]
pRrtd k|of]un] d'n's la:tf/}
k|ultsf] kydf nlDs/x]sf] 5, h;n]
ul/aL lgjf/0fdf 7"nf] 6]jf lbPsf] 5 .
kfgL / lah'nLsf] of]hgfxdf ljZj
a}s
+ nufotsf 7"nf7"nf cGt/f{li6o
ljQLo ;+:yfxn] nufgL ub}{ cfPsf
5g\ . lah'nL pTkfbgdf :jlge{/
n];f]yf] cfk"mn] pkef]u u/]/ ar]sf]
lah'nL l5d]sL d'n'snfO{ laqmL u/]/
lab]zL d'bf| cfh{g ul//x]sf] 5 . ;g\
@)!) sf] tYof+s x]g{] xf] eg] kfgL /
lah'nL laqmLaf6 dfq &) ldlnog
cd]l/sg 8n/ -tTsflng 8n/
efpcg';f/ g]kfnL k}ofF $( c/a_
cfDbfgL u/]sf] b]lvG5 eg] *% xhf/
d]3fjf6 lah'nL pTkfbg Ifdtf ePsf]
d'n'sdf ev{/} ljB't k|flws/0fn]
;fljssf] nf] 8 ;] l 8 tflnsfdf
kl/jt{ g u/] / b} l gs !@ 306f
nf]8;]l8 x'g] hfgsf/L u/fPsf] 5 .
;'vfofd cem} s]xL dlxgf afFsL /x]sf]
;Gbe{df lgs6 eljiodf jt{dfg
tflnsfdf k'gM yk36 gxf]nf eGg
;lsGg . 36 x'g] ;Defjgf t IfL0f
aGb} uPsf] 5 eg] yk x'gd
] f rflxF
k|an ;Defjgf 5Fb}5 . ;/sf/L
:jfldTjdf /x]sf] ljB't k|flws/0f
3f6fsf] 3f6fd} rln/x]sf] 5 . 3f6fdf
k'ofpg] /fhgLlts bnx eg] kflg
dflysf] cf]efgf] ag]/ la/fhdfg 5g\ .
;/sf/L :jfldTjdf /x]sf k|foM ;a}
;+:yfgx ?U0f cj:yfdf k'ofP/
k|f8f], kh]/f]df ;o/ ug]x{ nfO{ g]kfnL
hgtfn] ef]u]sf kL8faf6 pTkGg
sf?l0fs j]bgfn] Ps lbg kf]Nnf g}
b]z / hgtfk|lt ;dlk{t x'G5' eg]/
vfPsf] ;ky Tolts} v]/ ghfnf .
k| f s[ l ts ;+ ; f/df s[ l td
a:qwf/Lxsf] ;sn k Ps lbg
kSs} pbflg] 5 .

rf/ bnsf] k|ltudgsf/L lg0f{o

at{ d fg kl/j] z df b] z df
b]vfk/]sf] cGof}nsf] kl/l:yltsf]
sf/0f k|dv
' /fhgLlts bnx? g} x'g
/ k|dv
' bn tyf g]tfx? g} c;kmn
ePsf] n] ;8)qmd0f sflng
cj:yfdf u'lh|/x]sf] Joj:yfnfO{
lgsf; lbg b'/ufdL c;/x? nfO{
ljrf/ ljdz{ tyf hgtf ;dIf j[xt
k/fdz{ gu/L ljb]zL zlQmsf] cf8df
w'lj|o /fhgLlts l;4fGtsf] k|efj
ePklg /fhgLlts tyf ;+jw} flgs
lgsf; lgsfNg ul/Psf] gf}nf] k|sf/sf]
k|of]un] b]zdf lb3{sflng /fhgLlts
tyf ;+jw} flgs lgsf; lgsfNg ;Sg]
s'/fdf z+sf x'g yfn]sf] 5 .
;+ l jwfg ;ef Joj:yflksf
;+ ; bsf ;b:ox? dlxnf blnt
plTkl8t hflt cflbjf;L hghftL
lk5l8Psf] If]q tyf dw];L ;d'bfosf]
;dfg' k ftLs ;dfj] z Ltf nfO{
cfTdf;fy ug{sf nflu xfn ;DkGg
ePsf] hgu0fgfsf] dxTj /
cGt/fli6o dfkb08 tyf lgodsf
kfngf ug{kg]{ tyf ;+ljwfgdf :ki6
wf/fdf pNn]lvt ^)! ;b:o ;+Vofjf6
36fpg ;Sg] cj:yf 5}g . sd eGbf
sd eQfdf tyf ;Qfsf] b'?kof]u
gx'g] ;t{df hgtfx? ;+;bLo
Joj:yfdf jx' h flto hgtfsf
k| l tlglwx?sf] ;dfg' k ftLs
k|ltlglwTjsf] ck]Iff ub{} w]/} eGbf
w]/} ;b:o x'g kb{5 eGg] rfxgf
ub{5g . o:sf] ljkl/t Psnf}6L
9+ujf6 $ bnsf] ;xdtLdf ;b:o
;+Vof 36fpg ul/Psf] lg0f{o )^@
)^# sf] hgcfGbf]ngsf] pknlAw tyf
;fj{ef}d hgtfsf] clwsf/ s6f}tL
ul/Psf] k|ltudgsf/L lg0f{o xf] eGg]
7DofO{ /x]sf] 5 .

;d;fdlos
ljhog/l;+x s];L
$ bn 6'lqm;s]sf] zlQm eP klg
ljb]zL zlQmsf] cf8df cfk"mnfO{
;j];
{ jf{ 7fg]/ :jfy{ k"0f{ lg0f{o ug]{
cx+sf/ jfFsL /x];Dd cGof}nsf] l:ylt
nDjL/xg] tyf g]kfnsf] /fhgLltdf
xfjL x'g] /0fgLlt b]zsf] nflu 3fts
l;4 x'Fb} 5 . e"tk"j{ ;fF;bx?sf]
jx'dt, jf/ P;f]zLog, gful/s
cu'jfO{, gofF zlQmsf ?kdf :yflkt
/fhgLlts bnn] :jtGq
GofokflnsfnfO{ cf3ft kfg]{ lg0f{o
tyf cGtl/d ;+ljwfgdf Joj:yf
ul/Psf hgtfsf clwsf/sf]
s6f}ltx?nfO{ cl:jsf/ u/]sf] 5 .
ljutdf dw]z tyf ;+l3otfsf]
d'2fdf g]tT[ jbfoL e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]sf]
pk]Gb| ofbj ;d'x , jt{dfg kl/j]zdf
t]>f] 7'nf] bnsf] x}l;ot /fv]sf] g]skf
dfcf]jfbL tyf *) k|ltzt lxGb'
;Dk|bfosf] efjgf ljkl/t wd{ lg/k]If
/fi6 3f]if0ffsf] wfld{s d'2f p7fPsf]
/fk|kf g]kfn, g]kfnsf] Plss/0fdf
of]ubfg u/]sf tyf Pstf sf k|lts
k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxsf] j+z k/Dk/fdf
cfwfl/t vg'k?b] /fdjfj' tyf hftLo
klxrfgsf] d'2f p7fPsf czf]s /fO{,
/fhs'df/ n]lv, kf;f8) cflb ;+u7gsf]
zlQmsf] j] j f:tf ul/ lgif] w sf]
/fhgLltaf6 l;dLt JolQmx?n] x}sd
afb, lg/+sz
' tyf ;j{;Qfjfb z}nLn]
hgtfsf] ;fj{ef}d clWfsf/ xTofpg]
sfo{ ul/Psf] 5 .
6'lqmP/ zlQm IfL0f e};s]sf
l;ldt $ bnsf] ;xdtLsf] cfwf/df

;+ljwfg h:tf] ;+jb] gzLn tyf ulDe/

ljifodf cGtl/d ;+ljwfg )^# sf]
d'n efjgfnfO{ tyf :ki6 wf/fx?sf]
lj?4 x'g] ul/ blno efuj08fsf
cfwf/df l;l08s]6 k|yfdf ;Qf
:jfy{k"0f{ ul/Psf] lg0f{o j|fXd0fjfb
tyf ljb]zL bnfnky lrGtgaf6 cl3
j9]sf] cfIf]k nfUg] 5 . o:tf k|sf/sf
sfo{n] hgtf cfqmf]lzt kfg]{ sfo{
ePsf] 5 h;n] ubf{ b]zdf hftLo
;befj ljyf]lng ;Sb5 eGg] ljin]if0f
ul/G5 .
ctM /fhgLlts bnn] l;4fGt
gLlt sfo{lbzf tyf nIf lgwf{/0f ul/
cfkmgf] p2]Zo klxrfg ul/ jx'hflto
hgtf tyf ju{ hg;d'bfosf] ljZjf;
lhtL /fHo ;~rfngsf] lhDd]jf/L
lng g] t [ T jbfoL e' l dsf lgjf{ x
ug'k{ b{5 . /fHo ;~rfng ug{ lgb[i6
l;4fGtdf cGt/fli6o hut;+u ;d]t
;'dw'/ s'6gLlts ;DjGwdf cfwf/Lt
eO{ tyf /fi6 leq hg;/f]sf/sf
ljifodf s]lGb|t eO{ ;dfg'kflts
ljsf;qmdsf] cfwf/df nf]stflGqs
Joj:yfdf cfwf/e't l;4fGtsf tj/n]
zlQm k[ysLs/0f l;4fGtnfO{ ;Gt'ng
ul/ sfo{kfnLsf GofokfnLsf tyf
Joj:yflksfnfO{ ;'Jojl:yt ug'{
kb{5 . To;sf nflu ;+ljwfg jfbsf
l;4fGtnfO{ cfTd ;fy ub}{ r/0f j4
cfGbf]ngaf6 k|fKt pknlAwx?sf]
;+:yftu ub}{ cu|ufdL lbzflt/
pGd'v /xg ;Sg' kb{5 .
e:g]kfnsf] /fhgLltdf )^@)^#

hgcfGbf]ng kZrft blno :jfy{ /

dgf]ut dxTjfsf+Iffsf sf/0f lg/+sz
'
;j{;Qfjfb tyf clwgfosjfb z}lndf
ljlwsf] zf;g lj?4 nf]stflGqs
k2tLsf] cfwf/e't l;4fGtsf] jlv{nfk
ul/g] lg0f{ox? k|lt jx'hflto hgtf
rgfvf] x'g kg]{ cj:yf ;[hgf ePsf]
5 . c;kmn ePsf bn tyf g]tfx?sf]
ljZjf; ug{ ;Sg] cfwf/ ;dfKt ePsf]
x'bF f /fi6jfbL, b]zelQm hgzlQm
hfu?s x'g cfjZos 5 . cGoyf
b] z sf] ;fj{ e f} d :jtGqtf tyf
:jfwLgtfdf vt/f pTkGg x'g hfG5
h;jf6 hgtfn] Joxf]g{ kg]{ ;+eflat
vt/fsf eflubf/L b]zeQm, /fi6jflb
gful/sx? g} x'g kb{5 . oyfl:yltdf
;xdtLsf] gfddf ;Qf s]lGb|t :jfyL{
lg0f{on] nf]stflGqs d'No / dfGotfdf
kg]{ b'/ufdL k|efjjf6 cem cGof}nsf]
l:ylt j9g] tyf c;kmn /fi6tkm{
pDd'v eO{/xg] cj:yf /lx/x]df
csNklgo 36gf 36g ;Sg] ;+st]
b]vfk/]sf] 5 . b]zsf] ;8)qmd0f sfnLg
l:yltdf o;/L g} /fhgLlts tyf
;+jw} flgs lgsf; lgsfNg ul/Psf] gf}nf]
k|sf/sf] k|of]un] cGt/fli6o x:tIf]k
j9b} uPdf cgGt sfn;Dd ult/f]w
nlDj/xL b]z g} l;lSsdLs/0f x'g ;Sb5
eGg] s'/fdf ;r]t x'g cfjZos 5 .
- n]vs, g]kfn /fli6o nf]stflGqs
bnsf dxf;lrj x'g . _

5f] / f;/x
5f] / LnfO{ klg
:s' n k9\ g
k7fcf} + .

/fatOfc t]u #! gu
' fmk nf; (^)@

;+;bLo b]z n'6/] fx?sf] clGtd bfx;+:sf/

OltxfF;df s'gk} lg 36gf , a:t' tyf
;fdfhLs lgodx?sf] k|fb'ef{j x'G5 eg]
lglZrt ?kdf To;sf] cGTo klg x'G5 .
hLjg / d/0f eGg] s'/f ;j} lrh n]
ef]Ug' kb{5 . l7s l7s ;dosf] dfu
cg';f/ ToxL kl/:yLtL ;Fu ;'xF fpFbf]
ljleGg a:t' 36gf tyf ;fdfhLs
lgodx? sf] hGd x'G5 . s'g} klg b]zsf]
kl/l:ytLsf] dfu cg';f/ / ToFxfsf]
hgtfsf] dfu cg';f/ ljleGg vfnsf
clwsf/x? k|fKtL / pknJwLk'0f{ qmflGt
sf] nfuL ljleGg b]zx?df /fhlgtLs
kf6L{x?sf] hGd x'G5 . /fhlgtLs kf6L{sf]
lgdf{0fsf] nfuL tyf hg;d'bfo nfO
;+ul7t ug{sf] nfuL Pp6f dfu{bz{s
l;4fGtsf] cfj:ostf kg{ hfG5 . Tof]
vfnsf] /fhlgtLs bz{g ToFxfsf] ;du|
a:t'ut kl/l:ytLn] lgwf{/0f ub{5 .
xfjfbf/L hgsNof0fsf] gfddf ljleGg
bz{g x?sf] hGd eof] t/ lt bz{g x?
n] cWofTdafbsf] kIfkf]if0f ug{] tyf zf]ifs
ju{s} kIfdf jf]Nb} /xFbf ;g !*$* df
;+;f/df o:tf] zlQmzfnL bz{gsf] hGd
eof] h;n] /fhlgtLs cy{zf:q ,
k|fs[lts lgodx? , lhjg / hutsf]
pTklt sf] ;fFrf] s'/f tyf ljleGg
lj1fgx?nfO Ps}7fFpdf ld;fpg] sfd
u/\of] . hutsf] pTkltsf] af/]df h'g
cWofTdafbL e|d lyof] To;nfO lrb{} ;fFrf]
/ j}1flgs tYo Tof] bz{g n] kQf nufpg
;Ifd eof] . dfgj sf] pTkltsf] af/]df
klg ljleGg k|sf/sf asDkm';] unt
xNnf x? rnfOPsf] lyof] To;nfO klg
Wj:t ug{ Tof] bz{g ;kmn eof] .
l;+uf]dfgjhftLsf] d'lQmsf] ;fFrf] dfu{ sf]g] {
pQm bz{g nfO xfdL dfS;{afb eG5f}F .
;g !*$* df ljZj ;j{xf/f ju{sf
;j}eGbf klxnf] g]tf x? sfn{ dfS;{ /
k|m8] l/v P]u+ N] ;n] cfkm\gf] hLjgsf] cToGt
si6k'0f{ cWoog / cg';Gwfg af6 pQm
lj1fgsf] lgdf{0f ug{e' of] . ;j{xf/f ju{sf]
d'lQmsf] nfuL sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] lgdf{0f
sf] s'/f pFxf4f/f hf/L sDo'lgi6 3f]if0ff
kqdf lyof] . 404fTds ef}ltsafbL bz{g
dfS;{afb nfO dfu{bz{s l;4fGt dfGb}
;+;f/e/ ;j{xf/f ju{sf] d'lQmsf] nfuL
sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ x?sf] lgdf{0f eof] . of]
s'/f ;fFrf] xf] sL dfS;{afbn] dfq} b]z /
hgtfsf] d'lQm ug{ ;S5 / dfgjhftLsf]
:jl0fd o'u ;fDoafbsf] lgdf{0f ug{ ;S5 .
of] afx]s s'g} klg bz{g n] ;j}vfnsf
lgsf; x? ;Dej 5}g . g]kfndf klg
qmfGtLsf] cfj:ostf cg'?k qmflGtsf/L
sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] lgdf{0f ePsf] OltxfF;
xfdL ;fd' 5 . k|ydt g]kfndf gofF
hgafbL qmflGt ;DkGg ug{k' g{] lgZsif{
sDo'lgi6 kf6L{n] lgsfn]sf] lyof] / gofF
hgafbL qmflGt x'Fb} ;dfhafb /
;fDoafbdf k'Ug] pb3f]if u/L g]kfndf
lgdf{0f ul/Psf] sDo'lgi6 kf6L{] sf /0flgtL
sfo{lgtLx? clxn] ;Dd sfof{Gjog ePsf
5}gg . sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ ;'wf/afb ,
cj;/afb tyf blIf0fklGy ;+;f]wgafbsf]
lg/Gt/ l;sf/ eO/xg'sf] sf/0f g]kfndf
qmflGt ;DkGg x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . kf6L{leqsf
s]xL x? ;+;f]wg afbsf] , ;'wf/afbsf]
l;sf/ eP/ qmflGtsf/L kf6L{nfO Wj:t
ug{ nfuLk/]klg ljrf/sf] /Iff sf] nfuL
Pp6f qmflGtsf/L k+lQm ;w} lhFpbf] /xg]
u/]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf] OltxfF;df qmflGtsf/L
ljrf/sf] /Iff ul//x]sf] sDo'lgi6 ;d'x
hj hj zlQm df cfpg] / ;/sf/df

ax;dfly ax;
;f]gs
' d' f/ ;'gf/
hfg] ub{5 Toltv]/ p ;'wf/afb ,
;+ ; f] w gafb / cj;/afb tyf
cfTd;dk0f{afbsf] l;sf/ x'g] u/]sf] 5 .
g]kfndf qmflGtsf] xfjfbf/L ukm u/]klg
dfS;{afbL lj1fgsf] kfngf ub{} qmflGtsf]
af6f]df cuf8L cfkm'nfO sDo'lgi6 eGg]
x? a9\g ;s]gg . k/Gt' @)%@ ;fn
kmfu'g ! ut] b]vL z;:q hgo'4sf]
;'?jft ub{} tTsfnLg g]skf-dfcf]afbL_
n] g]kfndf dfS;{afbsf] cfnf]sdf cfkm'nfO
pEofpg ;kmn eof] . dfS;{afb o:tf]
lj1fg xf] h;cg';f/ sfo{lbzf cjnDag
u/\of] eg] gePsf ;j} lrhx? k|fKt x'bF }
hfG5g . g]kfndf hgo'4 ;'? ug{] ;dodf
klg dfcf]afbLx?sf] ;+Vof ;fgf] lyof] .
;fdGtL /fHo;Qf nfO Wj+; ub{} ;j{xf/f
ju{sf] /fHo;Qf :yfkgf ug{] s'/f nfO
c? sDo'lgi6 gfdwf/L x?n] xfF;f] 76\6f
tyf gf6s dfg]sf lyP . t/ hgo'4
/fli6 o :t/df dfq geP/
ljZj;fd|fHoafbnfOg} xNnfpg ;kmn
eof] . g]kfnL hgtf sf ;q'x?nfO k/f:t
ub{} Pskl5 csf{] lht xfl;n ub{} tyf
hgtfsf] gofF zf;gsf] cEof; ub{} hgo'4
cuf8L a9L/x]sf] ;Gbe{df dfcf]afbL
g]tT[ jn] 7'nf] u4f/L ub{} g]kfnL hgo'4nfO
ef/tsf ;fd' lj;h{g ug{ k'Uof] . g]kfnL
hgtf /utsf] s;d vfP/ ;j{xf/f ju{sf]
/fHo;Qf :yfkgf ug{] ;+sNk tyf k|0f
u/]sf lyP t/ Tof] ;+sNk k'/f x'g ;s]g .
dfcf]afbL g]tT[ j zfGtL , ;+ljwfg eGb}
ljleGg afxfgfdf qmflGtsf] xTof ug{
lg/Gt/ nfuL/x] / cGtt pgLx? qmflGtsf]
ofqfnfO nfO /f]Sg] lgZsif{df k'u] . o;/L
g]kfnL qmflGtsf] xTof ug{] kf6L{ P
dfcf]afbLn] jt{dfg ;dodf ;/sf/sf]
g]tT[ j ul//x]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf c? xfjfbf/L
sDo'lgi6 gfdwf/L x? h:t} dfcf]afbL
klg ;'wf/afb , blIf0fkGyL ;+;f]wgafb
/ cfTd;dk{0fafbsf] l;sf/ eof] .
g]kfnsf] /fhlgtLdf Pp6f ;+;lbo
/fhlgtLs kf6L{sf] ;+Vofdf j[l4 eof] .
g]kfnsf] OltxfF;df ;+;lbo /fhlgtLs
kf6L{x? ljr ef/lto lj:tf/afbsf]
bnfnsf] ?kdf elt{ x'g] ljifodf klxn]
b]vL g} k|lt:kwf{ x'bF } cfO/x]sf] 5 . sf]
ef/tsf] ;j}eGbf Kof/f] / dfofn' bnfn
aGg] / ;/sf/df hfg] eGg] ljifodf
k|lt:kwf{ rln/xFbf lxFhf] qmflGtsf]
em08fnfO p7fPsf] kf6L{ Pdfcf]afbL
ef/tsf] Ps gDa/ bnfnsf] ?kdf
jt{dfg ;dodf :yflkt ePsf] 5 . pQm
kf6L[sf] tkm{af6 ;/sf/sf] g]tT[ j ul//x]sf
afa'/fd e6\6/fO OltxfF;s} ;j}eGbf u4f/
3f]lift ePsf 5g / ef/tsf] PsgDa/
bnfnsf] ?kdf klg plg pleFPsf 5g .
;Qfsf nfuL pgn] slxNo} dfkmL gkfpg]
;j}eGbf 7'nf] /fi63ft u/]sf 5g . k~r]
, /fhf , Pdfn] , sf+u;] | / /f0ff n] gu/]sf]
/fi63ft clxn] afa'/fd n] u/]sf] tYo
sbfkL n'sfpg ;lsFbg} . Pdfcf]afbL
kf6L{sf cWoIfn] cfkm\gf] kf6L{sf] ;ftf}
dxflwj]zgdf eg] l;df ljjfbsf] ljifodf
hgdt ;+ux| ug{k' 5{ . clg pgn] eg]
cj of] qmflGt , cfGbf]ng , dfu oL
b'lgofbf/ s'/f ug{' eg]sf] ck/fw xf] .
csf{] s'/f pgsf] lgZsif{ 5 g]kfndf

gf}nf] hgafb cfO;Sof] . oL ;j s'/f

;'Gbf xfdLnfO nfU5 Pdfcf]afbL kf6L{sf
cWoIfsf] lbdfu l7s 5}g pgL kfun
x'g . t/ af:tljstf To:tf] xf]Og pgL
kfun ag]sf] eg] kSs} xf]Og t/ lx6n/
/ n]08'k bf]h] { aGg rfFxL kSs} aGg vf]hs
] f]
xf] . l;SsLdsf /fhf n] cfkm\gf] b]znfO
a'emfpg] j]nf eg]sf] lyP l;df ljjfbdf
hgdt ;+ux| ug{k' 5{ . To;/L pgn] cfkm\gf]
b]znfO csf{sf] xftdf ;'DkLP . ef/tsf]
;j}eGbf ghLssf bnfnsf] cf/f]k
nfuL/x]sf] j]nf k|r08sf] s'/f 7\ofSs}
n]08'k bf]h] { ;Fu ldNg hfG5 . clg pgn]
cj cfGbf]ng ug{' , dfu /fVg' qmflGtsf]
s'/f ug{' ;j} ck/fw xf] eg]sf 5g .
xfdL cfkm\gf] dfu /fVg vf]Hof}F eg] pgsf]
;/sf/n] uf]nL xfGg] /] . ;dfhafbsf]
xfjfbf/L ukmub{} o;/L af]Ng' eg]sf] pgsf]
lbdfudf lx6n/sf] e't r9]sf] b]vLG5 .
lx6n/n] /fli6o ;dfhafbsf] ukm ub{}
;+;f/s} kmfF;LafbL tyf lg/+sz
' zf;g
;~rfng u/]/ rrf{df cfPsf lyP .
g]kfndf ;+;lbo /fhlgtLs kf6L{x?n]
g]kfnL hgtfsf] ^) aif{ sf] ;+3if{ af6
k|fKt pknJwLnfO rSgfr'/ kf/]sf 5g .
b]znfO n'6g\ ] k|lt:kwf{ ubf{ub{} cfh b]z
g} g/xg] kl/l:ytL hGdLPsf] 5 .
;/sf/df rnfpg] x? slxn] b]z
a'emfpgnfO hgdt ;+ux| ug{] s'/f ub{}
5g t slxn] g]kfn b'Oj6f b]z dWo
Pp6f df dh{ x'G5 elg/x]sf 5g of]
Hofb} lrGtfhgs cj:yfsf] l;h{gf ePsf]
5 . t/ cj g]kfndf ;+;lbo /fhlgtLs
kf6L{x?sf] cfvL/L lbg cfPsf] 5 .
;+;lbo b]zn'6/] f /fhlgtLs kf6L{x?
h;n] cj s]xL kgL ug{j] fnf 5}gg .
xfdL x]/s
] f 5f}F of] cfwf ;tfJbL eGbf
a9L ;dodf ;+;lbo kf6L{x?n] b]z /
hgtfsf] lxtdf s'gk} lg sfd u/]sf
5}gg . of] ljrdf vfnL ;Qf afF8kmf8 ,
e|i6frf/ , xTof ,sld;gtGq / ;/sf/sf]
nfuL ef/tsf] bnfnL dfq} ;+;lbo kf6L{x?
n] u/]sf 5g . gofF hgafbL qmflGt x'bF }
;dfhafb / ;fDoafb ;Dd k'Ug] nIosf
;fy qmflGtsf] nDa] cleofgdf hgtfnfO
g]tT[ j ug{] ;Rrf qmflGtsf/L sDo'lgi6
kf6L{sf] cl:tTj dfq g]kfndf cj ;Dej
5 . clxn] b]zn'6/] fx? ;/sf/sf] s'lr{
afF8kmfF8 ug{ g;s]/ lgb]l{ no zf;g tkm{
b]znfO ws]Nb} 5g . of] eg]sf] b]znfO
k~rfot sfndf nfg' xf] o;sf] xfdL
z;Qm e08fkmf]/ / lgif]w ug{k' b{5 .
pgLx? xfjfbf/L ;+ljwfg ;efsf] r'gfjsf]

s'/f ul//x]sf 5g klxnf] s'/f t gofF

hgafbL qmflGt ;DkGg gx'bF f ;Dd r'gfjsf]
s'g} cy{ 5}g / r'gfj u/]/ hgtfsf]
kIfdf ;+ljwfg n]lvg] s'g} klg k|sf/sf]
cfwf/ 5}g . bf];f| ] s'/f h'g ;+;lbo
/fhlgtLs kf6L{x? c;kmn ;fjLt
eO;s]sf 5g h;n] b]znfO cfh
lj36gsf] ;+3f/df k'/o\ fO/x]sf 5g ltg}
kf6L{sf ltg} gfnfos dfG5]x? r'gfjdf
;xefuL eO/xFbf pgLx?nfO km]/L lgjf{lrt
ug{k' g{] s'g} h?/L 5}g . hj;Dd ;+;bdf
dhb'/x?sf] ls;fg x?sf] ;+Vof sf] ax'dt
x'bF g} tj;Dd hgtfsf] ;+ljwfgsf] sNkgf
ug{' Joy{ x'G5 . clxn] r'gfj u/]/ km]/L
log} ck/fwL , e|i6frf/L , bnfn / u4f/
c;kmn dflg;x?nfO lsg lgjf{lrt ug{'
cjt g]kfnaf6 ;+;lbo /fhlgtLs
kf6L{x?sf] clGtd bfx;+:sf/ ug{k' g{] a]nf
cfPsf] 5 . b]z df cfh 8gx?sf] /fh
;'? x'bF 5
} , u'08fx?sf] /fh ;'? x'bF } 5 ,
Pdfcf]afbL cWoIfn] 3f]if0ff ul/;s]sf 5g
ljsf;] ;]gfsf] gfddf cj b]zdf u'08fubL{
ul/g] 5 eg]/ . /fHosf ;j} lgsfo x?
e+u eO/xFbf xfd|f] b]zsf lx6n/x? , n]08'k
bf]hx]{ ?n] u'08fx? kl/rfng u/]/ n'6sf]
:ju{ sf] l;h{gf ug{] tof/L u/L/x]sf 5g .
of] kl/l:ytLdf b]zn'6/] f x?sf] b'Otl/sfn]
bfx;+:sf/ ug{k' g{] x'G5 . klxnf] ;+ljwfg
;ef sf] r'gfj a]nfdf klxnf] bfx;+:sf/
ug{k' b{5 . logLx? ef]6 dfUg cfpg] j]nfdf
ef]6 xf]Og hgtfsf] rf]6 sf] k'/:sf/ dfkm{t
klxnf] bfx;+:sf/ ug{k' b{5 . xhf/f}F g]kfnL
hgtfsf xTof/f ;+;lbo /fhlgtLs
kf6L{x? ePsfn] lo x? hgtfsf xTof/f
/ ck/fwLx? x'g . csf{] ck/fw logLx?n]
;+ljwfg agfpg] gfpFdf hgtfsf] kl;gf
df df]h u/]sf 5g of] cy{df pgLx?
e|i6frf/L x'g . To:t} lj:tf/afb
;fd|fHoafbsf] cuf8L b]z ;'Dkg tof/
/xg] abdf;x? ;fFrf] u4f/x? x'g
To;sf/0f pgLx? ufFpdf cfpg] j]nfdf
hgtfn] hgsfjf{xL yfNg] 5g . Tof]
hgsfjf{xL n] pgLx?sf] k|f0fkv]? p8\g] g}
b]lvG5 . csf{] bfx;+:sf/ eg]sf] Tof] gofF
hgafbL qmflGtsf] j]nf ug{] bfx;+:sf/
xf] . ;fFRr} g]kfndf cj gofF hgafbL
qmflGtsf] gofF n8fO ;'? x'gj] fnf 5 Tof]
n8fOdf clxn] ljz]if u/]/ lj:tf/afb ,
;fd|fHoafbsf Psflwsf/ bnfn k'h
F Lklt
x?;Fu xfd|f] n8fO x'g] x'gfn] ju{ljZn]if0f
u/L x]bf{ g]kfnsf ;+;lbo /fhlgtLs kf6L{sf
s]xL dfG5]x?g} /]8 lni6 df kg{] ub{5g .
Tof] j]nfdf plgx?sf] lg0ffos / ljlwjt
bfx;+:sf/ x'g5] . s'g} kl/:yLtLdf hgtfn]
g} lo ;+;lbo kf6L{x?nfO hGdfpg] / x'sf{pg]
u/]sf lyP t/ cj hgtfn] g} ug{k' 5{
;+;lbo b]zn'6/] f u4f/x?sf] bfx;+:sf/ .===
sonukumarsun2@gmail.com

ef/tsf] cGtl/If cleofg

gofF lbNnL . ef/tn] o; jif{ dn
u|xsf] cWoogsf nflu ;ft s/f]8
cd]l/sL 8n/ a/fa/sf] cGtl/If
cleofg cf/De ug'{ ePsf] hfgsf/L
lbPsf] 5 . dnu|xsf] kl/qmdf
ug{ of] dfgjljxLg ofqf ef/tLo
cGtl/If cg';Gwfg ;+:yfn] cS6f]a/
dlxgfdf k|If]k0f ug]5
{ . of] ofqf #))
lbgsf] x'g] / ToxfFsf] df};d tyf
ef}uf]lns cj:yfsf] tYof ;ng
ul/g] atfOPsf] 5 . gofF lbNnLdf
ef/tLo /fi6klt k|0fj d'vhL{n]

;+;b\sf] gofF clwj]zgnfO{ ;Daf]wg

ub}{ o; cGtl/If sfo{qmdn] ef/tsf]
j}1flgs pknlAwnfO{ :ki6 kfg]{
atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] ;g\ @)!# sf
nflu cg]sf}F cGtl/If cleofgsf]
of]hgf tof/ ul/Psf] pNn]v u/] .
ef/tn] xfn rGb|dfdf cg';Gwfg
ul//x]sf] 5 / ;g\ @)!^ df ToxfF
dfgj k7fpg] nIo /fv]sf] 5 .
dnu|xdf cd]l/sf, /l;of, hfkfg
tyf rLgn] cfgf cleofg k7fPsf
5g\ . Ph]G;L

l;l/ofdf u[xo'4 cGTosf nflu k|:tfj

bdf:s;M l;l/ofdf hf/L u[xo'4
cGTosf nflu ?; / c/a lnun] ;/sf/
/ ljkIfLaLr k|ToIf jftf{ ug{ k|:tfj cl3
;f/]sf 5g\ . ;+qmd0fsfnLg ;/sf/ agfP/
u[xo'4 cGTosf nflu cfk"mx?n] ;/sf/ /
ljkIfLaLr k|ToIf jftf{ rfx]sf] ?;sf
ljb]zdGqL ;u{O] n]e/f]en] atfP . l;l/ofnfO{
lx+;faf6 d'St u/fpFb} Iflt sd ug{klg b'j}
kIf jftf{sf] 6]jn' df a;]/ ;dfwfgsf pkfo
vf]Hg' kg]{ pgLx?sf] egfO 5 . ?;sf
ljb]zdGqL n]e/f]en] ;+3if{n] ;dfwfg eGbf

emg ;d:of yKg] eGb} jftf{ dfkm{t\ g} ;d:of

;'Nemfpg' kg]d{ f hf]8 lbPsf 5g\ . Gb
cGTosf nflu jftf{ x'g] elgP klg b'O{
kIfaLrsf] b'/L al9/x]sf sf/0f ;xdlt
aGg ;s]sf] 5}g . ?;sf ljb]z dGqL;lxt
c/a lnusf ljb]z dGqLx?sf] OlhK6df
ePsf] b'Ol{ bg] a}7sn] l;l/ofsf ljkIfL
u7aGwgnfO{ jftf{df a;fNg] ljifodf 5nkmn
ePkl5 o:tf] cfu|x ul/Psf] cGt/f{li6o
;~rf/ dfWodn] hgfPsf 5g\ .
c/a lnusf dxf;lrj gljn

Onf/]aLn] ;xdltsf] jftfj/0f algg;s]sf]

t/ ;+qmd0fsflng ;/sf/ u7g u/]/
ghfg] xf] eg] lx+;f cem} a9g ;Sg]
atfPsf 5g\ . nfdf] ;dob]lvsf] u[xo'4n]
ubf{ l;l/of b'36{ gftkm{ pGd"v /x]sf] eGb}
cGt/f{li6o ;d'bfon] lrGtf JoSt u/]sf
5g\ . /fi6klt a;/ cn c;fbsf]
/fhLgfdf dfu ub}{ ;g\ @)!! sf]
dfr{dlxgfb]lv rn]sf] o'4sf sf/0f &)
xhf/ hgf dfl/Psf] ;+oS' t /fi6;3+ n]
hgfPsf] 5 . klZrdf b]zn] pS;fPsf]

e/df ljkIfLn] cfGbf]ng rsf{Psf] eGb}

/fi6klt c;bn] ljkIfLl;t cfk"m ge'mSg]
atfpFb} cfPsf 5g\ . ljkIfL u7aGwg
klg h'g;'s} tl/sfaf6 eP klg
/fi6kltnfO{ kbRo't u/fP/} 5f8\g]
dgl:ytLdf /x]sf sf/0f pgLx? klg
tTsfn jftf{df a:g] ;Defjgf sd /x]sf]
atfOPsf] 5 . b'j} kIfn] o' lhTg rfx]sf]
/ s]xL s'/f u'dfP/ ;xdltdf cfpg] rfxgf
g/fv]sf]n] ;fFRr}sf] jftf{ / ;xdlt x'g
g;Sg] ljz]if1x?sf] egfO 5 . Ph]G;L

rLgsf] ;}lgs u'Ktr/ ljZjs} 7"nf] ;fOa/ hf;';L

s7df8f} . cd]l/sL OG6/g]6 ;'/Iff ;+:yf Dofgl8ofG6n] rLgsf] ;]gfn]
;of}Fsf] ;+Vofdf Ifdtfjfg\ tyf Ifltsf/s Xofs/nfO{ cfgf] lgoGq0fdf
/fv]sf] bfaL u/]sf] 5 . Dofgl8ofG6n] ;f+3fO{sf] Ps ejgdf ;fOa/
cfqmd0f ug{] ;d"xsf] s]Gb| km]nf kf/]sf] bfaL u/]sf] 5 . p;n] u/]sf]
cg';Gwfgdf cd]l/sL ;dfrf/kq, ;/sf/L ;+:yf tyf sDkgLsf] sDKo'6/
rLgaf6 Kofs ePsf] km]nf k/]sf] / lrlgofF ;/sf/nfO{ o; ljifodf
hfgsf/L ePsf] bfaL u/]sf] 5 . of] &$ k[i7sf] k|ltj]bg P8\efG; k/l;:6]G6
y|6] -PkL6L!_ df s]lGb|t 5 . Xofs/x?sf] ;d"xn] cd]l/sL pmhf{ nfOgh:tf
dxTjk"0f{ k"jf{wf/nfO{ cfqmd0fsf] nIo agfO/x]sf] ljz]if1x?n] pNn]v
u/]sf] Go'of]s{ 6fOD;n] p4/0f u/]sf] 5 . Dofgl8ofG6n] ;/sf/L ;xof]u
k|fKt u/]sfn] o; k|sf/sf] nfdf] ;dosf] tyf Jofks ;fOa/ cfqmd0f x'g
;s]sf] ljZjf; ul/Psf] pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . o; ;d"xn] lrlgofF hgd'lSt
;]gfsf] ^!#(* gfd u/]sf] Ps OsfO{sf] o:tf] cfqmd0fdf ;xof]u /x]sf]
hgfPsf] 5 . ;f+3fO{sf] aflx/L efudf /x]sf] afx| tnfsf] Ps ejgaf6
cfqmd0f ePsf] b]lvPsf] ljZjf; ul/Psf] pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . k|ltj]bgdf
pknAw u/fOPsf] k|df0fn] PkL6L! pSt ^!#(* OsfO{ ePsf] bfaLnfO{
k'li6 ug{] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . o; OsfO{df ;of}F tyf ;DejtM xhf/fF}
sd{rf/Ln] sfd ug{] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . rLgsf] /Iff dGqfnon] cfgf]
;]gfn] s'g} klg Xofls lqmofsnfknfO{ ;xof]u gu/]sf] bfaL u/]sf] 5 .
dGqfnon] lj1lKt hf/L u/L lrlgofF ;]gf Xoflsdf ;+nUg ePsf] ;dfrf/
;To gePsf] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . lj1lKtdf Xofls ljZjJofkL ;d:of
ePsf] / cGo d'n'sn] em}F rLgn] klg o; k|sf/sf] Xoflssf] ;d:of
ef]u]sf] hgfOPsf] 5 . rLg Xofls cfqmd0fsf] k|d'v kLl8t kIf ePsf]
bfaL u/]sf] 5 . rLgsf] ljb]z dGqfnon] ljb]z / ljz]if u/L cd]l/sfaf6
x'g] Xoflssf] k|d'v kLl8t d'n's ePsf] pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . cd]l/sfsf
Go'of]s{ 6fOD;, jfn l:66 hg{n tyf l6\j6/ h:tf cfd;~rf/ ;+:yfdf
;"rgf k|ljlwsf] cfqmd0f ePsf] tyf pgLx?n] lrlgofF Xofs/x?dfly
cf/f]k nufpg] u/]sf] atfOG5 . 6fOD;n] Xofs/n] ;+:yfsf] kf;j8{ rf]/s
] f]
tyf %# j6f sd{rf/Lsf] JolStut sDKo'6/df Xofs ul/Psf] bfaL u/]sf]
5 . o;cl3 o; ;+:yfn] lrlgofF k|wfgdGqL j]g lhofafcf]sf] kfl/jfl/s
;DklQsf] ljifodf ;dfrf/ k|sfzg u/]sf] lyof] . 6fOD; h:tf ;+:yfn]
cfgf] sDKo'6/df b]lvPsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ Dofgl8ofG6nfO{ sfddf
nufPsf] lyof] . Dofgl8ofG6n] PkL6L! n] klqsfsf] l6Kk0fL n]Vg] :yfgdf
efO/; 5f]8g\ ] u/]sf] / To;sf cfwf/df @) cf}Bf]lus If]qsf !$! ;+:yfsf
cg]sf}+ 6]/fafO6 tYof+s rf]/]sf] k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . o;/L Xofs
ug{] JolStnfO{ sd]G6 qm\os
' f] gfd lbOPsf] 5 . 6fOD;nfO{ k|ltjb]g pknAw
u/fOPsf] 5 / k|ltj]bgdf Xofs/x?n] cd]l/sL ljB'tLo pmhf{ nfOg,
Uof; nfOg tyf kfgLsf ;+/rgfsf] sDKo'6/nfO{ nIo agfO/x]sf] pNn]v
ul/Psf] 5 . o:tf] Ps nlIft sDkgLn] d'ns
' sf] pQ/L efudf ^) k|ltzt
t]n tyf Uof; cfk"lt{ ul//x]sf] o; klqsfn] pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . cd]l/sL
/fi6klt af/fs cf]afdfn] cfgf] ;+3Lo efif0fdf cd]l/sL dxTjk"0f{ ;+/rgfdf
aflx/af6 x'g] cfqmd0f k|d'v lrGtfsf] ljifo ePsf] atfPsf lyP .
cfqmd0fsf] k|d'v ;|f]t ejg ;f+3fO{sf] ufcf]lsofcf]df Ps k]6f]s]ldsn
ejgsf] glhs} 5 . Ph]G;L

/]8qm;nfO{ c:6l] nofsf] ;xof]u

sf7df8f}F . c:6]lnof ;/sf/n] g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6LnfO{ @@ nfv
%) xhf/ ?k}ofF d"No a/fa/sf] !% j6f /ut k/LIf0f;DaGwL pks/0f
cg'bfg lbPsf] 5 . /utsf] t/n kbfy{;]/d 5'6\ofpg] ;f] pks/0f s]lGb|o
/St;~rf/ ;]jf s]Gb|f/f b]zsf ljleGg lhNnfsf /St;~rf/ s]Gb|x?df
;'ljwf / ;]jf j[l4 ug{ k|of]udf NofOg] atfOPsf] 5 . o;cl3 c:6l] nofn]
;g\ !(^^ df s]lGb|o /St;~rf/ ;]jf :yfkgfdf ;xof]u u/]sf] lyof] .
c:6]lnofnL ljsf; ;xof]u kl/of]hgfcGtu{t\ rfn' jif{df c:6]lnofn]
g]kfnnfO{ :jfYo, lzIff / u|fdL0f hghLljsfsf] If]qdf lbg] ;xof]unfO{ j[l4
u/L sl/j tLg s/f]8 !% nfv c:6]lnog 8n/ lbg] atfPsf] 5 .

a]nfotdf a]/f]huf/sf] ;+Vofdf sdL

nG8g . cfly{s dGbLsf] df/df k/]sf] o'/f]k]nL If]qdf a]/f]huf/Lsf]
;+Vofdf a[l4 eO/x]sf a]nf a]nfotdf eg] ;f] ;+Vofdf s]xL sdL cfPsf]
;]t ldn]sf] 5 . l8;]Da/df ;dfKt q}dfl;sdf a]nfotsf] a]/f]huf/
;+Vof 36]sf] laxLaf/ ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] tYofdf b]vfOPsf] ;dfrf/df
pNn]v 5 . ;f]xL cjlwdf sfd ug{] dflg;sf]] ;+Vofdf j[l4 eP/ gofF
tYof ag]sf] pSt ;dfrf/df hgfOPsf] 5 . cS6f]a/b]lv l8;]Da/;Ddsf]
cjlwdf sfdlaxLg dflg;x?sf] ;+Vof !$ xhf/n] 36]/ @% nfv ePsf]
clkm; km/ g];gn :ofl6l:6S; -cf]PgP;_ n] hgfPsf] 5 . sfd ug{x] ?sf]
Ps nfv %$ xhf/n] a9]/ b'O{ s/f]8 (& nfv k'u]sf] 5 . hgj/L
dlxgfdf a]/f]huf/ eQfsf] bfaL ug]{ dflg;x?sf] ;+Vof !@ xhf/ kfFr
;on] 36]/ Ps !% nfv $) xhf/ ePsf] 5 . cf]PgP;sf cg';f/
;du|df a]nfotdf b'O{ s/f]8 (& nfv #) xhf/ /f]huf/Lsf] cj:ydf 5g\
eg] To;df &# k|ltztn] k"0f{sfnLg ?kdf /f]huf/L kfPsf / @& k|ltztn]
cNksfnLg ?kdf sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ . l8;]Da/df ;dfKt ePsf] tLg
dlxgfdf a]/f]huf/ b/ 36]/ ;ft bzdnj cf7 k|ltzt lyof] . ;f]eGbf
cl3Nnf] q}dfl;sdf of] ;ft bzdnj gf} k|ltzt lyof] . cfFs8fx?af6 s]
yfxf ePsf] 5 eg] ljQLo ;6 / To;kl5sf] nuQ}sf] ;g\ @))* sf]
dGbLotf a]nfotsf] cy{tGqnfO{ kl/jt{g ul/Psf] 5 . cf]PgP;sf cg';f/
;g\ @)!@ sf] cS6f]a/b]lv l8;]Da/;Ddsf] cjlwdf k"0f{sfnLg ?kdf
/x]sf /f]huf/sf] ;+Vof dGbLsf] klxnf] q}dfl;ssf] ?kdf /x]sf] ;g\ @))*
sf] clk|nb]lv h'g;Ddsf] q}dfl;seGbf tLg nfv &* xhf/n] sd /x]sf]
5 . t/, klg cNksfnLg ?kdf /f]huf/sf] ;+Vof ;f]xL cjlwsf] t'ngfdf
kfFr nfv &@ xhf/n] a9L /x]sf] pSt ;dfrf/df hgfOPsf] 5 . kGw|
xhf/eGbf sd dflg;nfO{ Ps jif{eGbf a9Lb]lv a]/f]huf/ agfOP;Fu}
bL3{sfnLg a]/f]huf/Lsf] ;+Vof klg 36]/ cf7 nfv &( xhf/ ePsf] 5 .
tna j[l4sf] t'ngfdf d'b|f:kmLlt pRr /x];Fu} tnasf] jf:tljs d"Nodf
s6f}tL eO/x]sf] klg ;dfrf/df hgfOPsf] 5 . n]a/ kf6L{sf k]G;G;
;lrj lnofd afog{n] To;sf] hjfkmdf eGg'eof] lgjf{rgotf dflg;x?sf]
cf};t Ps xhf/ @)) kfpG8 tna s6f}tL ePsf] 5 . lsgsL /f]huf/x?
cfpg clt sl7g ePsf] 5 / xfdLn] clxn] klg k|To]s Ps l/St kbsf
nflu kfFr hgfeGbf a9Ln] kofO/x]sf] b]v]sf 5f}F . of] cj:ysf afah't
klg sfdljxLg dlxnfx?sf] ;+Vof j[l4 ePsf] / bL3{sfnLg a]/f]huf/L
clxn] klg 7"nf] ;+Vofdf /x]sf] ;dfrf/df hgfOPsf] 5 . Ph]G;L

/fatOfc t]u #! gu
' fmk nf; (^)@

df]xg j}B, czf]s /fO{ / pk]Gb| ofbjsf gfddf

;aeGbf 7"nf] bnsf] g]t[Tjsf]
lgjf{ l rt ;/sf/ gx' g ] , :jtGq
JolStsf] g]tT[ jsf] ;/sf/ klg gx'g,]
gful/s ;dfhsf cu'jfsf] g]tT[ j klg
gx' g ] , ;jf] { R r cbfntsf
k|wfgGofofwLzsf] g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/
klg gdfGg], cfk"m / cfgf] g]tfafx]s
c?nfO{ uGb} guGg] , ut
;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rdf xf/]sf, !@
a'b" ] ;xdlt / u0ftGqsf la/f]wL x'gfn]
hgtfn] klg n3f/]sf, k'/fgf / yf]qf
g]tfsf] g]tT[ jsf] ;/sf/ dfq x'gk' g],{
To;}nfO{ c?n] klg dflglbg'kg]{ c/]
cyf{t\ lxhf] / cfhsf zf;sx?sf
pg} gf/f ;a} hf]uL d/, d]/} t'Daf
e? Sof uhasf] /fhgLlt rn]sf]
5 xls g]kfndf < o;f] klg gfO",
p;f] klg gfO", 5]pdf a;]/ sfO"sfO" .
df]6f3f6f / lrKnfrfnf ;'ljwfef]uL
ljkIfLsf] Psf]xf]/f] o:tf] ln8]l9kL,
3'Sof{O" / cfGbf]ngsf s'/f ;'Gbf
;Qfdf a;]sfnfO{ v'a pb]s nfUbf]
xf] . k|foM clng' klg gvfg], l9sf]
klg gkmf]8g\ ] eg]/ lh2L ug{x] ? To:t}
x'G5g\ . clxn]sf] /fhgLlt ln8]l9kL
ug{]x?s} xftdf t 5 . o:tf] a]nfdf
v'lr eg]/ sfd rNb}g . ;dosf]
;b'kof]u ug{ g;s] df}sfn] kv{/] klg
a:b}g, clg u'ds
] f] df}sf kms{/] klg
cfp"b}g . of] s'/f df]xg j}B, czf]s
/fO{ / pk]Gb| ofbjx?n] a'g}k5{ .
lxhf];Dd /fhfnfO{ 9f]ue]6 u/]/ /
blIf0fklZrdlt/ blIf0ff r9fP/
;Qfsf] :jfb kfn}kfnf] lng] u/]sf
cfhsf k| f of] l ht ljkIfLnfO{
Pdfcf]jfbL / dw]zjfbLn] klg p;}u/L
ldn]/ ;Qf / eQfsf] :jfb lnPsf]
x]g{} ufx|f] ePsf] 5 . gof" kf6L{n] k'/fgf
kf6L{ / ltgsf g]tfnfO{ lsgf/df klg
l9lKsg glbFbf slDt 8fxf / 56k6L

g/gf/fo0f cfq]o
ePsf] 5}g . lxhf] cfk"mn] u/]sf] df]h
/ ef]h cfh c?n] u/]sf] b]Vbf k'/fgf
bnn] ofn sf9\g' / d'v 5f8\g'nfO{
cGoyf dfGg klg ;lsGg . ofnrflx"
cln a9\t} r'x]sf] 5 . gq oltw]/}
sfO"sfO" x'GgYof] xf]nf . lxhf]sf
/fhfnfO{ h:t} cfhsf /fi6kltnfO{
klg olt w]/} ljGtLkqsf] cf]O/f]
nfUb}gYof] xf]nf . k|e' afa'/fdnfO{
aflx/ x'TofOb]pm, xfdLnfO{ ;Qfdf
k'ofOb]pm . ca t clt ef], xfd|f]
klg vlt ef], ;xg} g;lsg] ef]
dflns l5} bx|f] sbd rfNg'kof],
afa'/fdnfO{ 9fNg'kof], Vjfldt\
To;n] t ug{'uof], xfdLnfO{ aflx/
kfof], o:t} /x] ;Qfdf hfg] 9f]sf
aGb unf{ h:tf] 5, ;w}Fel/ aflx/
kfnf{h:tf] 5 o:tf] c/0o/f]bg ca
slt lbg x]g]{ xf] / < cfk"mn] ljsNk
glbg], c?n] lbPsf] klg glng], lxhf]sf
dflns ePs} n ] ;a} n ] dflns
dflglbg' k g{ ] c/] clg cfhsf
dflnsn] klg ;Qfdf uO;s]kl5
lxhf]sf cu|h / ;xofqLnfO{ lrGg}
g;Sg], bDe / 3d08n] km'Ng'kg]{,
/fh;L 7f6af"7df 8'Ng'kg]{, ;8ssf
s' 8 fss{ 6 hlt ;a} a6' N g' k g] { ,
;dfhsf ;a} x'TofxfnfO{ cfkm}leq
x'Ng'kg]{ < blIf0fsfnLnfO{ bflxgf
kf/]kl5 h] klg u/] x'G5 egL 7fGg],
;QfnfO{ cfg} akf}tL dfGg], ef]ln
km]l/ aflx/ lgl:sg'knf{ eGg] s'/f
k6Ss} g;f]Rg] < ;QfGwtfn] 5f]Psf]
/ eQfGwtfn] ax'nfPsf]df k5'tf] gug]{
ePkl5 s;/L b]z rN5 / < rNb}g .
lxhf] / cfhsf ;Qfwf/Lx?df
clnslt klg ljj]s ePg . To;}n]
;+qmd0fsfn o;/L nlDaof], cfwf

bzs laTbf klg ;lsPg . olt w]/}

jftf{ / k|of; ubf{ klg ;xdltsf]
k| w fgdGqLsf] 5gf] 6 ePg .
clglZrttf / cGof]n st} uPg .
clxn]sf ;QfkIf / k|ltkIf b'a} p:t}
eP . zf;sLo z}nLdf s'g} kl/jt{g
b]lvPg . s;nfO{ cfgf] eGg],
s;nfO{ k/fO{ 7fGg] < uf;]uf;],
Ps}gf;] eg]sf] oxL xf]Og / <
cfhsf x'g\ jf lxhf]sf, zf;s
zf;s} x'"bf/x]5g\ . zf]ifs zf]ifs}
x' " b f/x] 5 g\ . dflns dflns}
aGbf/x]5g\ . cfk"mnfO{ ck/flht /
ch] o eGbf/x] 5 g\ . zf] l ift /
zfliftnfO{ dfG5] gubf{ /x]5g\ . of]
s'g} gf}nf] /f]u ePg . of] t k'/fg}
dxfdf/L xf] . k'/fg} tl/sfn] klg
pkrf/ ug{ ;lsG5, tx nufpg
;lsG5 . To;sf nflu df]xg j}B ls/0f_ kIfw/ dfcf]jfbL, czf]s /fO{
kIfw/ cflbjf;L hghfltx? / clg
pk]Gb| ofbjjfnf dw]zL hgclwsf/
kmf]/dsf aLrdf ;+o'St df]rf{ aGg
;s], ;xsfo{ ug{ s] x'GYof] eGg]x?
klg 5g\ . Tolt eP klg ;Qfdf
/x]/ pn{/] ljkIfLsf gfddf s'ng{ s
] f]
gUg rlt{snf cln sd x'GYof] ls <
gq ;a} s'/f k'/fg} bf]xf]l/of], /fhgLlt
g/fd|f] u/L kmf]xf]l/of], ;DxfNg} g;Sg]
vfnsf] eof] . ljutdf yf]/} ;do
;/sf/df ;fd]n eP klg df]xg j}B,
czf]s /fO{ / pk]Gb| ofbj kIfw/x?
plt abgfd ePsf kfq k/]gg\ .
;do 5f]6f] ePsfn] vf]6f] gnfu]sf]
klg x'g;S5 . uGtAo km/s eP
klg tLgj6} kf6L{sf ljrf/df plt
w] / } leGgtf b] l vF b } g klg .
;+u7gfTds zlSt klg /fd|} 5, Tolt

hgljZjf; u'ds
] f] 5}g . ;+ljwfg;ef,
;+3Lotf / u0ftGqsf] /Iffsf nflu
ul/g] cfGbf]ng / lgjf{rgsf nflu
df]rf{ lgdf{0f u/]/ uP x'G5 . Psh'6
eP/ hgtfsf] zlSt b]vfP x'G5 .
To;n] dfq} lxhf] / cfhsf] ;Qf /
eQfn] d}dQf ePsfx? yf]/} eP klg
xlRsg ;S5g\, gq xlRsb}gg\ . b]z /
hgtfnfO{ la;]{sf, s';L{sf nflu
pQfplnPsf s'zf;snfO{ ;'Nemfpg
klg j}B, /fO{ / pk]Gb| ofbjsf] ldng
clxn] s f] cfjZostf xf] . of]
cfjZostf k"/f ug{] k|of; slt ePsf]
5 < clxn] s f] ;QfkIf / slyt
k| l tkIfsf] lgs[ i 6 s' ; L{ d f] x sf]
rlt{snfaf6 cflht ePsf sltko
dfG5] n ] @)$& ;fnsf] ;+ l jwfg
kmsf{pg] / /fhtGqsf] klg k'g:yf{kgf
ug]{h:tf s'/f p7fpg yfn]sf 5g\ .
s'g} ljsNk gkfPsf, ;'b"/ eljiosf]
uGtAosf] 7]ufg gePsfn] To:tf]
eGg'nfO{ cGoyf dfGg klg ;lsGg .
;Qf / eQfn] d} d Qf ePsfsf]
p208tfn] dfG5]nfO{ Totflt/ ;f]Rg
afWo kf/]sf] xf] . of] afWotf j}B, /fO{
/ pk] G b| ofbjn] a' g' k 5{ /
k'g?TyfgjfbL ;f]rfO Tofu]/ cu|ufdL
ljrf/ lng] cj:y tof/ kfg{ klg
tLgj6} kf6L{n] ;xsfo{ ug}{k5{ . s';L{
:jfy{ s f nflu sfF u | ] ; Pdfn] /
Pdfcf]jfbLdw]zjfbL ldNg x'G5 eg]
cu|udg / hgtfsf] xslxtsf] /Iffsf
nflu j}B, /fO{ / pk]Gb| ofbjx? ldNg
lsg x'"b}g < x'G5 / ldNg klg k5{ .
To;/L ldn]/ ;+oS' t df]rf{ lgdf{0f u/]/
cufl8 a9]df c/fhgLlts / :jfyL{
dfG5]sf xftdf uPsf] / kmf]xf]l/Psf]
/fhgLlt ;k|g klg ;S5 . clxn]sf]
cGof]n x6fpg ;d'lrt bafa klg
k5{ .

dw]zL dlxnf kqsf/sf cj:yf / r'gf}tL

lk| o + s f kf08]
dw]zdf a;]/ kqsfl/tf ug'{ s'g}
klg dlxnf kqsf/sf nflu w]/}
r'gf}tLk"0f{ x'b+ f] /x]5 . o;df klg ha
pdf l;+x h:tf h'emf / sd{zLn
dlxnf kqsf/sf] lgb]{otfk"j{s xTof
ul/G5 eg] Tof] r'gf}tL c a9]/
hfG5 . 3/ kl/jf/ ;dfhsf] ;fy
lagf s'g} klg sfd ug{ sltsf] ufx|f]
x'+bf] /x]5 of] cg'ej ;a}nfO{ 5 . t/
dlxnf kqsf/sf] xsdf pdf l;+xdfly
ePsf] 36gfn] ubf{ of] k]zf sltsf]
vt/fo'Qm 5 eGg] w]/} JofVof ul//xg'
kb}g{ . x'gt g]kfndf kqsf/ sf] ;'/Iff
ljZj:t/ d} g/fd|f]df k5{ . To;df
klg dlxnf kqsf/xsf] ;'/Iff
cj:yf t g} 8/nfUbf] 5. of] kL8f
eg]sf] 3/ b]lv sfd ug]{ clkm; /
;dfh b]lv lx8\g] ;8s;Dddf ef]Ug'
kg]{ cj:yf 5 . oL ;a} kl/:lylt
sf] ;fdgf ubf{ ub}{ klg cfk"mnfO{
cufl8 a9fpg' / Pp6f lhDd]jf/Ldf
k'ofpg' klg sd ;+3if{sf] s'/f xf]Og{ .
ut xtf dw]zL kqsf/ ;dfhsf]
sf7df08" pkTosfsf] bf]Z/f] clwj]zg
x'b+ f dklg pkTosfdf sfd ug]{ Pp6f
dw]zL kqsf/sf] gftfn] ;xefuL
eP+ . Toxf+ cf}krfl/s pb\3f6g
dGtAo kl5 g]tT[ j rog ug]{ ljifodf
s'/fsfgL e} /x]sf] lyof] . Pshgf
dlxnf kqsf/ ;fyLn] dlxnf
kqsf/xsf] xssf] ljifodf s'/f
/fVb} o;kfnL dlxnf kqsf/nfO{
sfo{;ldltdf ;b:odf dfq glbO{ s'g}
kbflwsf/Lsf] lhDd]jf/L klg lbg'k5{
eg] cfjfh p7fO{g\ / To;sf] ;a}n]
;dy{g u/] lsgls pxf+sf] egfO{ lyof]
dlxnf kqsf/nfO{ ;lrj of sf]iffWoIf
h:tf lhDd]jf/ kb lbg' k5{ . To;
clwj]zgdf pkl:yt cGo ;fyLxn]
klg pxf+sf] egfO{nfO{ ;dy{g ub}{
pkfWoIf;Ddsf] lhDd] j f/L lbg
pbf/tf b]vfP . of] ;a b[io x]/]/
Pp6f s'/fsf] uj{ s] eof] eg] c
;dfhdf dlxnfxnfO{ h] h:tf
Jojxf/ u/] k lg dw] z L vf;ul/
kqsfl/tf If] q df sfd ug] {
k' if;fyLx cfgf dlxnf

;xsdL{nfO{ k5fl8 kfg's

{ f] ;f cufl8
Nofpgdf slxn] klg kl5 kbf] {
/}g5g\ . pxf+xsf] o; ;bf;otf /
dlxnfnfO{ klg lhDd] j f/L lbg]
pbf/tfnfO{ x]/]/ d}n]+ Tof] k|:tfjsf]
;dy{g ub}{ cfgf] dGtJo /fv] ls
dlxnfnfO{ ;lrj of sf]iffWoIf cyjf
pkfWoIfdf dfq} ;Lldt /fVg' x'+b}g .
of] ;a lhDd]jf/L t c ;+u7gn]
klg lb+b} cfPsf] 5 . a xfdL cfh
Pp6f gof+ sLlt{ d fg agfpm+ .
cfh;Dd s'g}klg kqsf/ ;+u7gn]
lbg g;s]sf] lhDd]jf/L lbpF . / d}n]
cfkm}n] cfgf] nflu cWoIf kbsf]
lhDd]jf/L ;+efNg] k|:tfj /fv] . d]/f]
ts{ lyof] ls cfh;Dd df}sf g
kfPsf sf/0f xf]nf cyjf eGg
cK7\of/f] eP/ klg x'g ;S5 s'g}
dlxnfnfO{ s'g} ;+u7gsf] k|dv
' kbsf]
lhDd]jf/L cfh;Dd g lbO{Psf] xf]nf .
d} n ] c7f] 6 u/] lsgeg] dnfO{
cfk"mdfly ljZjf; lyof] ls d s]xL
u/]/ b]vfpg ;S5' . dnfO{ ljZjf;
lyof] ls d]/f] k|:tfjnfO{ Toxf+ pkl:yt
xfd|f cu|hxn] klg ;sf/fTds
kdf lng' x'g]5 . / d 7Ls klg
lyP+ . d]/f] To; b[i6tfnfO{ ;a}n]
r'gf}tLsf] kdf lnP / d}n] u/]sf]
k|:tfjsf] ;Ddfg ub}{ pxf+xn] d
dfly Pp6f 7"nf] lhDd]jf/L ;'lDkg'
eof] .
ddfly cfPsf] lhDd] j f/Lsf]
cfwf/df cfh d of] eGg rfxG5' ls
dw]zsf ljleGg lhNnfaf6 cfP/
pkTosfdf sfd ug]{ dw]zL kqsf/sf]
lxt g} d]/f] lxt x'g]5 . pkTosfdf
a;]/ kqsfl/tf If]qdf ;+3if{/t ;a}
dw]zL kqsf/xsf] lrGtf d]/f] klg
lrGtf ag]sf] 5 . dw]zL kqsf/
;dfhnfO{ ;+k0" f{ dw]zL kqsf/xsf]
;femf ;+ u 7gsf] kdf cufl8
a9fpg] d]/f] k|of; x'g5
] . pkTosfdf
/x]/ kqsfl/tf k]zfdf cfa4 @))
eGbf a9L dw]zL kqsf/xsf] of]
kl/jf/ sf] g]t[Tj kfp+bf d]/f] dfly
7"nf] lhDd]jf/L cfPsf] d}n] dx;";
u/]sf] 5' . kl/jf/ hlt 7"nf] of ;fgf]
xf];\ kl/jf/nfO{ rnfpg dlxnf ;Ifd

x'lG5g\ eGg] d]/f] ljZjf; 5 / ;fy}

of] lhDd]jf/L k"/} OdfGbfl/tfsf ;fy
lgj{xg ug{ d d]/f] kl/jf/ oflg
dw]zL kqsf/ ;dfh;Fu cfa4
ePsf / pkTosfdf /x]sf ;a}
dw] z L cu| h kqsf/xsf]
dfu{ l gb] { z g, ;xsdL{ kqsf/
ldqxsf] ;xof] u / cGo
;fyLxsf] ;fysf] ck]Iff /fv]sL
5" . dw] z L kqsf/ ;dfhsf]
dfWodaf6 d pkTosfdf /x]sf
;Dk" 0 f{ dw] z L kqsf/xsf]
xslxtsf] ;+/If0fsf] nflu k|of;/t
/xg]5' . pgLxsf] ;d:ofnfO{
cfgf] ;d:of dfg]/ To;nfO{ ;dfwfg
ug]{ k|of; ug]{5' . kqsf/xsf]
Joj;flos pGglt ug]{ b]lv lnP/
pgLxsf] cGo ;a} k|sf/ sf]
k|ultsf] nflu d k|of;/t /xg]5' .
dw]zsf lhnfxaf6 sf7df08"df
cfpg] dw]zL kqsf/ vf;ul/ dlxnf
kqsf/xsf nflu /fd|f] dfxf}n
agfpg], pgLxnfO{ s'g} ;d:ofsf]
;fdgf ug{ gk/f];\ eGg] s'g} 7f];
of]hgf Nofpg] k|of; ug]5
{ '.
x'gt dw]zL ;d'bfo clxn] klg
cfgf] clwsf/sf] ;+3if{d} 5g\ .

kqsfl/tf k]zfdf nfu]sf dw]zL

;d'bfo klg cfgf] clwsf/sf nflu
;+3if{/t 5g\ . dw]zL kqsf/ ;dfhsf]
dfWodaf6 ljutdf klg dw] z L
kqsf/xsf] xslxt / clwsf/sf
nflu ;+3if{sf ljleGg sfo{qmdx
ul/+b} cfPsf] 5 . sf7df08"df x'g]
o:tf ;+ 3 if{ s f] c;/ df] k m;nsf
lhNnfdf klg kg]{ u/]sf] 5 . o;sf/0f
klg pkTosfsf] k|d'vsf] gftfn] d]/f]
lhDd]jf/L cem a9L 7"nf] r'gf}tLk"0f{
ePsf] d]/f] lgisif{ 5 . o;nfO{ b[li6ut
ub} { cfufdL lbgxdf pkTosf
sfo{;ldltsf ;fyLxsf] ;xof]udf
ljleGg sfo{qmdx Nofpg] / dw]zL
kqsf/ ;dfhnfO{ pkTosfdf Pp6f
ljlzi6 :yfg lbnfpg] d]/f] nIo /x]sf]
5 . cGtdf km]/L dnfO{ of] lhDd]jf/L
;'lDkg] dw]zL kqsf/ ;dfhsf ;Dk"0f{
cu|h kqsf/x, pkTosf ;ldltdf
dnfO{ ;dy{g ug]{ kqsf/ ;fyLx /
dnfO{ o; lhDd] j f/Lsf nflu
z' e sfdgf lbg] ;Dk" 0 f{ dw] z L
kqsf/x k|lt cfef/ JoSt ub}{ ;a}sf]
dfu{bz{g, ;'emfj, ;Nnfx / ;dy{gsf
nflu xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5' .
dw]z bk{0ffaf6
af6

g] k fn ;/sf/

>d tyf /f]huf/ dGqfno

>d lae
laefusf] cToGt h?/L ;"rgf
>d P]g,@)$* sf] bkmf @ sf] v08 -v_ df pNn]v
eP jdf]lhdsf s'g} pBf]u Jojzfo jf ;]jf ;~rfng
ug]{ p2]Zon] k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd :yflkt !) hgf
jf ;f] eGbf a9L sfdbf/ jf sd{rf/L sfo{/t /x]sf]
s'g} sf/vfgf sDkgL ;+u7g kmd{ jf ltgsf] ;d'x n]
;f]xL P]gsf] bkmf $ -s_ adf]lhd o; ljefusf] l:js[lt
lnP/ dfq u}/ g]kfnL gful/snfO{ sfddf nufpg
;lsg] sfg'gL Joj:yf ePsf]n] ;f] cg';f/ ug'{ u/fpg'
x'g ;DjlGwt ;j}sf] hfgsf/Lsf nflu cg'/f]w 5 .

ko{6g ljz]if
ko{6ssf] kvf{Od{ f s]Gkf
;f]nv
' D' j' / ;+vj' f;ef lhNnfsf] ;+ud:yndf kg]{ s]Gkf, -uf}leQf tLy{:yn_
;a} ;d'bfosf] ;femf / kljq tLy{:yn xf] . ;d'b| ;txjf6 sl/a # xhf/
* ;o ld6/df /x]sf] s]Gkf 8fF8f / $xhf/ % ;osf] ld6/df /x]sf] uf}leQf
tLy{:yn ;f]nv
' D' a' ;b/d'sfdaf6 @) sf]if 6f9f k"js
{ f kb{5 . . ;f]nv
' D' a'sf]
5]:sfd uflj;sf] j8f g+, # / ;+vj' f;efsf] l;z'jf ufla;sf] j8f g+, ( sf]
;+ud:yndf kg{] uf}leQf tLy{:yn a}zfv] k"l0f{df, gfuk~rdL, hg}kl" 0f{dfsf
lbg k|To]s jif{ 7"nf] d]nf nfUg] ub{5, ;f] lbg ef]hk'/, vf]6f, ;+v'jf;ef
/ ;f]n'v'Da'af6 xhf/f}F ;+Vofdf tLy{ofqLx uf}leQf tLy{wfdsf] bz{gsf]
nflu cfpg] ub{5g\ .
uf}leQf b]jL;Fu bz{g ugf{n] lr/GhLjL x'gs
' f
;fy} ;Gtfg gx'gs
] f] ;Gtfg x'g,] wg, a'l4 / 1fg k|fKt x'g] wfld{s hgljZjfz
5 . oxL wfld{s hgljZjfzsf sf/0f tLyf{n'xn] ;Gtfg gx'g]n] sfu|f],
rf}kfof dfUg]n] ufO{, e+;
} Lsf] b'w, a'l4 / 1fg dfUg]n] sfkL, 86\kg] / wg,
;DktL dfUg]n] k};f r9fpg] ul/G5 . c? wfld{s tyf tLy{:yneGbf
uf}leQf tLy{:ynsf] dxTj / Oltxf; klg 5'}5 . wfdL, k'hf/Lxsf
egfOcg';f/ w]/} klxn] u'? e]8f uf]7fnfn] -xfnsf] uf}leQf tLy{:yn
ePsf]_ 7fpFdf uf]7 agfP/ 9'ufsf] r'nf]df vfgf agfpg nfUbf r'nf]jf6
crfgs kfgLsf yf]kf -kl;gf_ cfpg yfn]5g\ / aln/x]sf] cfuf] lgEg
yfn]5g\ . lge]sf] cfuf] hlt afNg k|oTg ubf{ klg gan]kl5 uf]7fnf l/;n]
r'/ eP5g\ / v's'/Ln] r'nf]nfO{ k|xf/ ubf{ PSsf;L r'nf]jf6 /utsf] wf/f
aUg yfn]5g\ . of] cfZro{ 36gf b]v]/ uf]7fnfn] ;f]r] 5g\ ls d}n] b]jL,
b]jtfnfO{ sf6]sf] /x]5' . / sf6]sf] 9'fnfO{ b]jtf agfP/ /fv]5g\ . cfh
tL uf]7fnfn] lgdf{0f u/]/ /fv]sf] tLy{:yn xhf/f}F tLy{ofqLxsf] ;femf
kljq wfld{s:yn aGg k'u]sf] 5 . cfh klg uf}leQf tLy{:yndf k'u]/ ;f]
36gfsf] jf:tljs b[Zo cjnf]sg ug{ ;lsG5 . uf}leQf b]jLsf] bz{g ug{
hfFbf af6fd'lg 7"nf] kf]v/L e]l6G5, Tof]] kf]v/LnfO{ sfnkf]v/Lsf] pkgfdn]
lrlgG5 . bz{gdf hfFbf, kms{+bf Tof] kf]v/LnfO{ x]g]{ x'Fb}g eGg] hgljZjf;
/x]sf] 5 . sfnkf]v/L x]b}{ cfjthfjt u/]df cfgf] dgf]sfIff k"/f gx'g]
ljZjf; ul/G5 . uf}leQf wfld{s lx;fan] dfq geP/ k|fs[lts lx;fan]
klg plQs} kl/lrt 5g\ . k|fs[lts ;f}Gbo{sL vfgL / h}las ljljwtfn]
el/k"0f{ of] 7fpFsf] ofqf klg plQs} /f]df~rs x'G5 . uf}leQf, s]Gkf k'uk] l5
9'fsf] dg ePsfnfO{ klg sljtf km'5{ . s, v k9\g] lzz' em}F cfgf
cGt/dgsf Joyfx hfgLghfgL s]g{ k'Ub5 . olb uf}leQf, s]Gkfsf]
ofqfdf cfgf] dxFuf af;gfbf/ ;]g -;'uGw_ 5'6]df ;+sf]r gdfg] x'G5,
af6fe/L oqtq /x]sf, ;k{uGw, ;'gkftL, a}?kftL, of;f{u'Daf, s'sL{,
kfFrcf}Fn], ;t'jfh:tf af;gfbf/ hl8a'6Lsf] ;'uGwn] s'g} sdL dx;';
u/fpg] 5}g . oxfF w'kL, l7u|] ;Nnf, uf]a|] ;Nnf, lrdfn, /fgL rfk, nfnL
uF/f;h:tf af]6la?jfx kfOg'sf ;fy} of;f{u'Daf, kbdrfn, nf]7;Nnf,
n]sfnL n;'g, lr/fO{tf], laif, ;k{uGw, ;'gkftL, s'sL{, kfFrcf}Fn], ;t'jfsf
;fy} ;of}+ ;+Vofdf ax'd"No hl8a'6L kfOG5 . s:t'/L, d[u, ab]n, af3,
yf/, efn', lxdfnL efn', sf7]efn', lxpF lrt'jf, lxdfnL v/fof], b'n{e
hgfjf/ /ftf]] kf08f, 8fFkm], d'gfn, sflnhh:tf jGohGt' tyf kz'kIfLx
o;} If]qdf kfOG5 . k|fs[lts ;f}Gbo{tfsf] lx;fadf uf}leQf / s]Gkf
:jLh/Nof08eGbf sd 5}g . df3, kmfNu'gdf lxpF;Fu n8La8L v]Ng
:jLh/Nof08 k'Ug' kb}{5g\ of] ;]jfsf nflu s]Gkf xflh/ 5 . gfuk~rdL,
hg}kl" 0f{dfdf d]nf eg{ u/L e|d0f ug{ ePdf s]Gkfsf] 3fF;] d}bfgsf kmfF6dfly
km'ns
] f tL cgluGtL /Llj/L ;'Gb/ k"mnsf b[Zon] :ju{sf] cg'el" t u/fpg]
5g\ . ;f]nv
' D' a' / ;+vj' f;efsf]] ;+ud:yn -# xhf/ *;o_ ld6/sf]] prfOdf
cjl:yt s]Gkf k|fs[lts b[Zojnf]sgsf nfuL k|l;4 7fpF xf] . s]Gkf k'Ug
] af6 & b]lv * 306f nfU5 eg] ;+vj' f;efsf]]
;f]nv
' D' a'sf] a', 5]:sfd, u'bn
afnf, lzz'jfvf]nfaf6 Ps lbg k"/} nfUb5 . s]Gkfjf6 dxfs'n' sf /d0fLo
ufFpxsf ;fy} ljZjsf] ;jf]R{ r lzv/ ;u/dfyf, dsfn', a?0fh], rf/kft]
vf\t]uf, yfd;s'{, rfDnf, d]/f lxdfn nufPt ;of}F lxdz[+vnfxsf]
b[Zofjnf]sgsf ug{ ;lsG5 . s]Gkf kf; u/]kl5 @ 306f kl5 k'lug]
uf}leQf tLy{wfd o; dfu{d} ;a}eGbf cfsif{0f ko{6sLo s]Gb| xf] . o;sf]
prfO ;d'b| ;txb]lv $ xhf/ % ;o ld6/df /x]sf] 5 . t/, o; dfu{
eP/ cfpg] sltko ko{6snfO{ hfgsf/Lsf] cefjdf o; tLy{:ynsf]
af/]df yfxf g} xF'b}g . hxfFaf6 ljZjdf gfd rn]sf ;u/dfyf, dsfn'
yfd;s'{, rfDnf, d]/f lxdfn cfdfnfKrf], rf]o", sf]\b], g'Da'/, g'Kr],
Nxf]T;], k'df]/L h:tf lxdfnsf] b[Zojnf]sg ug{ ;lsg'sf ;fy} ljZjsf]
;a}eGbf ulx/f] c?0f pkTosf, ;f]nv
' D' a', ;+vj' f;ef, ef]hk'/nufot cGo
l5d]sL lhNnfxsf] 8fF8fsfF8f / xl/ofnL kmfF6xsf] dgf]/d b[Zo ;lhn}
lgofNg ;lsG5 . oxL 7fpFaf6 ;+s6sfndf tfTsflng dfcf]jfbLn] k"jL{o
hgu0ftGq g]kfn gfds 3'D6L /]l8of] PkmPd ;~rfng u/]sf lyP .
uf}leQf 8fF8fdf Eo" 6fj/ lgdf{0f ug{ ;lsof] eg] ko{6g ljsf;sf] k|a4{gdf
lgZro klg 7"nf] 6]jf k'Ug] b]lvG5 . o;sf] nflu :yfgLo ;d'bfo tyf
/fHon] ;+o'St kdf kxn ug{] h?/L 5 . oltsf w]/} cfGtl/s / afXo
ko{6ssf] nflu k|r'/ wfld{s, ;fF:s[lts tyf k|fs[lts ko{6sLo ;Defjgf
eP klg k|rf/k|;f/sf] cefjdf s]Gkf / uf}leQf b'/b/fhdf n's]/ a;]sf]
5 . uf}leQf tLy{:yn vf]6fsf] xn];L, sf7df8f}Fsf] kz'kltgfy, /;'jfsf]
uf];fO{s0' 8eGbf sd 5}g, dfq ko{6ssf] kvf{Od
{ f t8\lk/x]sf] 5 . tkfO{x+
klg hLjgdf Ps k6s uf}leQf b]jLsf] bz{g u/L k'0o sdfpg ge'Ng'
xf]nf . ;do ldn]df df3, kmfNu'gdf s]Gkfsf] lxpFdf, r}q, a}zfvdf ;'Gb/
u'/fF;;Fu dfof ufF:g, gfuk~rdL / hg}kl' 0f{dfdf a/ dfUg cfpg g5'6fpg'
xf]nf . s]Gkf, -uf}leQf--_ ;b}a oxfFxsf] kvf{O{df /lx/xg]5 .

l;d]G6 pBf]usf] pTkfbgdf /f]s

sf7df8f}F . u'0f:t/ tyf gfktf}n
ljefun] >L l;d]G6; / cDa] l;d]G6n]
tf]lsPsf] dfkb08ljk/Lt pTkfbg u/L
pkef]tf{nfO{ 7uL u/]sf] cf/f]kdf tL
sf/vfgfsf] pTkfbgdf /f]s nufPsf]
5 . s]xL lbgcl3 u/]sf] cg'udgsf
qmddf tL l;d] G 6 sf/vfgfaf6
pTkflbt l;d]G6n] tf]lsPsf] dfkb08
k"/f gu/]sf] kfOPsfn] ljefun] yk
cg';Gwfg / 5fglagsf nflu tL

sf/vfgfdf lznaGbL u/L xfnsf]

nflu pTkfbgdf /f]s nufPsf] u'0f:t/
tyf gfk tf}n sfof{no jL/uGh ;|ft] n]
hgfPsf] 5 . ;|ft] sf cg';f/, ljefun]
u'0f:t/xLg l;d]G6 pTkfbg ug{ tL
sf/vfgfsf] pTkfbgdf /f]s nufP/
To;sf ;~rfns;Fu :ki6Ls/0f
;f]lwPsf] 5 . :ki6Ls/0f cfPkl5 dfq
yk sf/afxLsf] k|lqmof cl3 a9fpg]
tof/L ljefusf] 5 .

/fatOfc t]u #! gu
' fmk nf; (^)@

dlxnf e]befj / j}bl] zs /f]huf/L

cfh klg dlxnfx? ;fdflhs,
cfly{s / /fhg}lts If]qaf6 pTkLl8t
/ pk] l Ift 5g\ . ;/sf/L tyf
u}/;/sf/L If]qaf6 dlxnf xs, lxt
/ clwsf/sf lglDt ul/Psf k|oTgsf
afah'b dlxnfx?sf] l:yltdf tflTjs
cGt/ cfpg ;s]sf] 5}g . dlxnfdfly
x'g] cg]s pTkL8gdWo] 3/]n' lx+;faf6
klg g]kfnL dlxnfx? plQs} k|efljt
5g\ . lat]sf Ps jif{df Ps ;o %@
hgf dlxnfsf] xTof @ ;o !! hgfsf]
anfTsf/ -h;dWo] @# hgf dlxnf
cfg} kl/jf/sf ;b:oaf6 anfTs[t_,
!@ hgf dlxnff/f cfTdxTof / &%
hgf dlxnf af]S;Lsf] cf/f]kdf kLl8t
ePsf] tYofn] b]vfPsf] 5 . dlxnf
lx+;flj/f]wL !^ lbg] cleofgs} qmddf
dlxnf lx+;f;DaGwL # xhf/ & ;o
$( ph'/L btf{ ePsf 5g\ . bf;
Joj:yfdf dfG5]sf] klg Jofkf/
ul/GYof] . Toltv]/ dfG5]nfO{ a]Rg], s'6g],
/ dfg]{ klg ul/GYof] . Tolt a]nf oL
36gfdf k/]/ slt hgf uxel/ cfFz'
emfb}{ eg] sltko l/;n] r'/ x'Gy] .
sltko bf/f ls6\y] . sltko d'L
s;]/ Tof] cGofok"0f{ Joj:yfsf] lj/f]w
ub{y] . cfh Tof] qm'/ / lgr k|sf/sf]
dflgg] bf; Joj:yf clttsf] ljifoj:t'
alg;s]sf] 5 . ;fdfGo ?kdf x]bf{ lx+;f
zAb zf/Ll/s oftgf jf s'6lk6;Fu
;DalGwt b]lvG5 t/ o;n] Jofks
cy{ cf]u6\l:5 . cfh klg dlxnfx?
7"nf] ;+Vofdf 3/]n' lx+;faf6 cftlt
5g\ . Pp6f ;j{]If0fcg';f/ *@
k|ltzt dlxnfx? 3/]n' lx+;faf6
k|efljt 5g\ . ;f;'n] a'xf/Ldfly ug]{
/ kltn] kTgLdfly s'6lk6 ug{],
dlxnfsf] OR5f ljk/Lt of}g b'/frf/
ug],{ k'q nfe gePsf]df dlxnfdfly
x'g] dfgl;s oftgf cflb 3/]n' lx+;fsf
s]xL pbfx/0f x'g\ . w]/} dlxnfx? kltsf]
ha/h:tL s/0fLaf6 kLl8t 5g\ t/
pgLx? o;nfO{ ph'/Lsf] laifo agfpg]
;fx; ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ . oBlk 3/]n'
lx+;f;DaGwL ck/fw, cg';Gwfg tyf
;hfosf] Joj:yf ug{ ag]sf] ljw]os
kfl/t eO;s]sf] 5 t/ 3/]n' lx+;faf6
kLl8t dlxnfx?n] ph'/L lbg] ;fx;
w]/} sdn] dfq ub{5g\ . cfhsf]
;dfh, ;+:s[lt, wd{ cflbn] k'?ifn]
dlxnfdfly ug{ lx+;fnfO{ j}wflgstf
lbg] sfd u/]sf] 5 . To;sf/0f k'?ifsf]
HofbtLlj?4 ph'/L lbFbf dlxnfx?
cfk"mnfO{ c;'/lIft dx;'; u/]sf] l:ylt
5 . ax'ljjfx klg dlxnfx?sf nflu
Ps k|sf/sf] pTkL8g g} xf] . db{sL
bz j6L eGg] pvfg} 5 . k'?ifn] csf]{
ljjfx u5{ . To;nfO{ ;dfhn] ;fdfGo
?kdf lnG5 . ToxL sfd Pp6L dlxnfn]
u5{ eg] Tof] ck/fwhGo x'G5 . ljifo
Pp6} x'G5 t/ dfkb08 a]Un} x'G5 .
o;/L Pp6} ljifodf ;dfhsf] b'O{
k| s f/sf] dfkb08 a] U n} x' G 5 .
;j]I{ f0fcg';f/ ^$ k|ltzt dlxnfx?
ax'ljjfxaf6 kLl8t /x]sf] b]lvG5 .
b'ud{ ufpFdf uP/ x]g{] xf] eg] o;sf]
;+Vof cem a9L kfpg ;lsG5 . db{sf
bz j6L eGg] pvfgn] ;dfhdf
dlxnfdfly ;f}tf xfNgsf] nflu v'nf
5'6 lbG5 jf k|fT] ;fxg lbG5 . o;/L
ax'ljjfxn] k'?ifnfO{ Ps} k6s PseGbf
a9L dlxnf;Fu Jolerf/ ug{] 5'6 lbG5
eg] dlxnfx? ;DklQsdf ;dfg
clwsf/sf] cefjdf cg]s oftgf ;x]/
klg ;f}tf / nf]Ug];uF } si6k|b hLjg
latfpg afWo 5g\ . bfOhf] k|yf klg
dlxnf lx+;fsf] Pp6f ?k xf] . vf;u/L
t/fO{nfO{ o; ;d:ofn] lgs} ufh]sf]
5 . bfOhf]] dfu]adf]lhd lbg g;s]sf
sf/0f nf]Ug] / ;f;' ldn]/ a'xf/Lsf]
xTof;Dd ul/Psf y'k}| 36gf 5g\ .
o;/L >LdtLnfO{ hLjg;fyLsf] ?kdf
xf]Og, j:t'sf] ?kdf x]g{] Jofkfl/s /
;dfGtjfbL lrGtgaf6 u|l;t xFb' f o;
k|sf/sf 36gfn] 7fpF kfO/x]sf]
b]lvG5 . bfOhf]nfO{ g]kfnLdf sfg'gL
dfGotf k|fKt geP klg sfg'gsf

ax;dfly ax;
sNkgf kf}8n
]
/vjfnf jt{dfg /fHo Joj:yfsf
gfOs]x?n] ljjfxnfO{ k|lti7fsf] ljifo
agfpg] / s/f]8f}F vr{ ug{] kl/kf6Ln]
bfOhf] k|yf lg?T;flxt ug's
{ f]] ;f6f]
a9fjf lbg] sfd ePsf] 5 . u}/;/sf/L
tYofcg';f/ #^ k|ltzt dlxnfx?
bfOhf] k|yfsf] ;d:ofn] kLl8t 5g\ .
dfgj ;dfhn] @! cf}F ztfAbLdf kfOnf
6]Sbf;Dd klg g]kfnL ;dfhdf af]S;Lsf]
gfddf dlxnfx?nfO{ dnd"q v'jfpg]
h:tf ck/fwhGo sfd x'g' Hofb}
nHhfhgs s'/f xf] . ;dfhdf af]S;L
ToxL x'G5, hf] c;xfo, sdhf]/,
clzlIft / ul/a 5g . cfh;Dd
wgL, alnof] dfG5] af]S;L ag]sf] 5}g .
s] af]S;L ljwf sdhf]/, c;xfo,
clzlIftn] dfq l;Sg] ljwf xf] / <
o;af6 of] k|:6 x'G5 ls af]S;L x]nf
u/]/ k|of]u ul/g] zAb xf] . af]S;L
olb ljBf xf] eg] To;sf] u'? sf] < Tof]
s'g ljZjljBfnodf k9fOG5 . Tof] ljBf
k'?ifn] lsg k9\bg} g\ < o;sf] hjfkm
af]S;L egL cf/f]k nufpg]x?n]
lbg'k5{ . jt{dfg ljZj lj1fg /
k|ljlwn] olt zlStzfnL alg;Sbf klg
g]kfnL dfg;k6ndf af]S;Lsf] e"t x6\g
;s]sf] 5}g . g]kfnL dfgl;stf cem
klg ;fdGtL, ?l9jfbL / cGwljZjfzsf]
3]/faf6 dfly p7\g ;s]sf] 5}g . af]S;L
h:tf] cnf}lss zlStsf] s'/f u/]/
dlxnfnfO{ oftgf lbg] / dnd"q v'jfpg]
sfo{ x'g' lj8Djgfsf] ljifo xf] .
;dfhdf cfh klg ;of}F af]S;Lsf]
cf/f]kdf k|tfl8t alg/x]sf 5g\ .
r]nLa]6L a]rlavg g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df
Pp6f k|dv
' ;d:ofsf] ag]sf] 5 .
g]kfndf j;]l{ g % b]lv & xhf/;Ddsf]
;+Vofdf g]kfnL r]nLx? ef/tsf]
a]Zofnodf a]lrg] u5{ . 8]9 nfveGbf
a9L g]kfnL dlxnfx? ef/tsf ljleGg
zx/df zl// a]lrPsf 5g\ . clxn]
ef/tsf] af6f] x'Fb} ;+;f/sf cGo
d'ns
' df k'ofOPsf g]kfnL r]nLx?sf]
cj:yf Hofb} 8/nfUbf] 5 . o;/L
ef/tsf] v'nf ;Ldfgfsf sf/0f dfgj
t:s/LnfO{ ;xhtf k}bf ePsf] 5 .
ljz]if u/L b'u{d a:tLsf l;wf,
clzlIft ul/a dlxnfx?nfO{ gf]s/L
lbg] axfgfdf jf ljjfx u/]/ 3'Dg n}hfg]
axfgfdf r]nLa]6Lx?sf] a]rlavg x'g]
u/]sf] 5 . cfkmGthgaf6 klg o:tf
lqmofsnfk k|z:t} x'g] u/]sf] kfOG5 .
dfG5]n] dfG5]nfO{ laqmL ug]{ h:tf]
h3Go ck/fw xF ' b f ;d] t /fHo
d" s bz{ s eP/ a;] s f] b] l vG5 .
r]nLa]6L a]rlavg dfgj t:s/x?sf]
gfkmf sdfpg] 7"n} wGbf alg;Sof] .
of}g Jofkf/sf] /fhwfgL dflgg] ef/tsf]
zx/ d'DaO{df j]Zofj[lQ ug]{ s'n
dlxnfx?sf] cfwf ;+Vof g]kfnLx? /x]sf]
cg'dfg 5 . o;/L nfvf}F dlxnfx?
ef/tsf] j]Zofnodf gf/sLo hLjg
Joltt ug{ afWo agfpg] dfgj
tis/x? ;dfhdf v'nc
] fd lxFl8/x]sf
5g\ . anfTsf/ cToGt} ;+jb] gzLn
ljifo xf] . anfTsf/n] dlxnfnfO{
zf/Ll/s dfq xf]Og, dfgl;s ?kdf
;d]t uDeL/ cf3ft k'Ub5 . t/
g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df anfTsf/sf s}o} f}F
36gf aflx/ cfpg ;Sb}gg\ lsgeg]
;dfhn] dlxnfsf] cl:dtfnfO{ of}g
z'4tf;Fu hf]8/] x]g{] ub{5 . olt x'bF fxFb' }
klg o'4sf] ;dodf xf];\ of zflGtsf]
;dodf, anfTsf/sf 36gf lbgx'h
F ;f]
3l6/x]sf 5g\ . & jif{sf] aRrfb]lv
&) jif{sf] a[4 dlxnfx? anfTsf/sf
lzsf/ eO/x]sf 5g\ . anfTsf/ h:tf]
h3Go ck/fwdf ;d]t s7f]/ sfg'g
aGg g;Sbf anfTsf/Lx? v'nf ?kdf
lxFl8/x]sf 5g\ . Ps u}/;/sf/L
;j{I] f0fcg';f/ ## k|ltzt dlxnfx?
anfTsf/sf] lzsf/ alg/x]sf 5g\ .

sfg'gdf anfTsf/l;4 ug]{ kof{Kt

cfwf/ gxFb' f d'2f xfl/g] l:ylt klg
5 . dft[Tj Ifdtf af]ss
] f dlxnfx?sf]
/h:jnfnfO{ 5fpk8L k|yfn] cToGt}
3[l0ft / ckdflgt t'NofPsf] 5 .
/h:jnfsf] ;d:ofdf dlxnfnfO{ kof{Kt
cf/fd / kf}li6s vfgfsf] cfjZostf
x'G5g t/ ;'b"/ klZrdsf s]xL
lhNnfx?df /h:jnf ePsf dlxnfnfO{
uf]7df /fVg] / b"w, bxLh:tf kf}li6s
vfgfaf6 al~rt ul/G5 . lj1fgn]
oltsf k|ult ul/;Sbf klg g]kfnL
;dfhsf] dfgl;stf p7g ;s]sf]
5}g . wd{sf] gfdaf6 klg dlxnfx?
plQs} 7luPsf 5g\ . ;+;f/sf ;a}
wd{ lkt[;QfTds 5g\ . ;+;f/sf ;a}
wfld{s u|Gyx? k'?ifn] g} agfPsf x'g\ .
wfld{s JofVof, ljZn]if0f / k|jrg ug{]
sfo{ klg k'?ifn] g} u/]sf 5g\ . 7"N7"nf
bz{g, l;4fGtsf JofVofsf/ klg k'?if
g} 5g\ . o;/L ;a} If]qdf k'?ifn] ljho
sfod ul/;s]kl5 pgLx?n] cfkmgf]
ln cg'sn
' tfdf lgod agfP / nfu"
u/] . o;/L lx+;fsf ljleGg ?kx?dWo]
b]psL k|yf, 5'jf5't cflb klg lx+;fsf
?kx? x'g\ . af6f]df lxFl8/x]sf] a]nf
dlxnfnfO{ k'?ifn] lh:sfpF5 eg] Tof]
klg lx+;fsf] ?k xf] . s;}nfO{ dfgl;s
?kdf cK7\of/f]df k'ofOG5 eg] Tof]
klg lx+;f xf] . o;/L ;fdflhs, cfly{s,
/fhg}lts, ;f+:s[lts, wfld{s ?kaf6
k5fl8 kfl/Psf / 7luPsf dlxnfx?
dfga clwsf/sf] dfldnfdf ;a}eGbf
7luPsf 5g\ lsgeg] ;dfg ?kdf
lhpg kfpg' tyf ;dfg cj;/ kfpg'
dfG5]n] dfG5] eO{ afRg kfpg' dfgj
clwsf/sf] dfGo l;4fGt xf] . o;
cj:ydf ;jn / ;d'Ggt ;dfh
lgdf0fsf nflu cfwfeGbf a9L ;+Vofdf
/x]sf dlxnfx?sf] ;du| kIfdf ;'wf/
ug{' clxn]sf] d'Vo sfo{ef/ xf] . 3/]n'
lx+;f / ul/aLn] kLl8t w]/} g]kfnL
dlxnf j}bl] zs /f]huf/Ldf nfUg afWo
5g\ . kl/jf/ / cfgf] eljionfO{
cfly{s 6]jf k'ofpg dfq xf]Og, 3/]n'
lx+;faf6 d'St x'g, n}ls, ;f+:s[lts,
;fdflhs zf]if0f / k'/' ftgjfbL d"No,
dfGotfaf6 5'6sf/f kfpgsf nflu
klg g] k fnL dlxnfx? c:yfoL
sfdbf/sf] ?kdf lab]lzg] qmd a9\bf]
5 . o;/L ljb]lzg] dlxnfx? ;'?b]lv
cGTo;Dd} lx+;fdf kg]{ u/]sf 5g\ .
:jb]zd} bnfnn] cgfjZos sld;g
vf]H5g\ . sltko cj:yfdf cfg}
kl/jf/sf dfGohgn] ljb]z k7fpg
bafj l;h{gf u5{g\ . lx+;f ljdfg:ynd}
x'G5 . ;]N6/ xf]ddf e]8fafv|f h:tf]
u/L 3/dflnssf] kvf{Odf w]/} ;+Vofdf
nfdf] ;do s'/fpF5g . tf]s] hlt tna
glbP/ Hofnfsf] zf]if0f x'G5 . ladf/L
kbf{ /fd|f] pkrf/ x'Gg . of}ghGo

lx+;fsf] l;sf/ ePsf 5g\ . ul/aL /

a]/f]huf/L jt{dfg g]kfnsf] h'DNofxf
;d:of x'g\ . oL ;d:of;Fu h'Wgsf
nflu g]kfnLx? ljb]lzg] qmd hf/L 5 .
j} b ] l zs /f] h uf/ laefusf]
clen]vcg';f/ xfn;Dd g]kfnaf6
>d :jLs[t lnP/ ljb]lzg]sf] ;+Vof
@% nfv gfl3;s]sf] 5 . o;df
dlxnfx?sf] ;+Vof klg pNn]vgLo 5 .
cf=j @)^*^( sf] tYofcg';f/
ljb]lzg] #,*$,^^% dWo] @@,(%*
dlxnf lyP . xfn}sf] g]kfn hLjg:t/
;j]I{ f0fcg';f/ sl/a %%=* k|ltzt
3/w'/Ln] lak|i] f0f cfo leq\ofpg] u5{g\ .
h;cg';f/ g]kfnsf] s'n ufx{:y
pTkfbgdf lak|]if0fsf] of]ubfgsf]
cfwf/df ljZjel/df kfFrf}F :yfgdf
g]kfn k/]sf] 5 . xfn b}lgs ;/b/
!,))) eGbf a9L g]kfnLx? /f]huf/Lsf
vflt/ d'n's aflx/ lg:sG5g\ .
k|ltjif{ g]kfnL o'jfx? j}bl] zs >d
ahf/df rf/ nfvsf] xf/fxf/Ldf cfpg]
u/]sf] kfOG5 . :jb]zdf /f]huf/Lsf]
cj;/ l;h{gf gx'~h]n a}b]lzs
/f]huf/df nfUg]x?sf] z[v
+ nf /f]lsg]
5}g . cGtl/d ;+ljwfg @)^# n]
/f] h uf/sf] clwsf/nfO{ df} l ns
clwsf/sf] ?kdf /fv]sf] 5 . ;/sf/n]
cfly{s ljsf; / ;d[l4sf] tTsfnLg
sfo{ o f] h gf @)^* / ;' z f;g
sfo{of]hgf @)^* df klg /f]huf/
j[l4df hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . rfn' cfly{s
jif{nfO{ nufgL jif{sf ?kdf 3f]if0ff
u/]sf] 5 . ;/sf/sf] o; tTk/tfnfO{
Jojxfl/s agfpg ;+jb] gzLn If]qdf
/f]huf/sf laz]if Kofs]h sfo{qmd nfu"
ug'k' g]{ b]lvG5g h;n] ubf{ lx+;faf6
d'lSt kfpg ljb]z tfSg] k|jl[ Qaf6
dlxnfnfO{ lg?T;flxt ug{ ;lsof];\ .
dlxnfx?nfO{ sfg'gL pNemgaf6 d'St
u/L cfly{ s ;zStLs/0fsf
sfo{qmdf/f cfTdlge{/ agfpg ljb]z
knfog x'gaf6 /f]Sg'kb{5 . ljb]zdf
sfdsf] k|sl[ t / a;fOFsf lx;fan]
ljz] i ftM vf8L d' n ' s df 3/] n '
sfdbf/sf ?kdf hfg] dlxnfx? a9L
zf]if0f / lx+;fdf kg{] u/]sf 5g\ . Tolt
dfq geO{ :jb]zdf kmls{Pkl5 klg
;fdflhs nf~5gf, >Ldfg\>LdtLaLr
j}dg:otf h:tf ;d:ofn] yk lx+;f
lelqPsf] 5g h;sf] kl/0ffd:j? Ps
k6s a}bl] zs /f]huf/df uPsfdWo] w]/}
dlxnfx? k'gM ljb]z kms{g] u/]sf] tYof
5 . 5f]/f, a'xf/L, 5f]/Lx? lab]lzFbf
s]6fs]6Lsf] x]/rfxdf j[4 dftflktf,
;f;';;'/fnfO{ yk af]em eO/x]sf] 5 .
o;n] ubf{ kfl/jfl/s lavG8g, rsf]{
Aofh b/sf] C0fef/, cfl>t kl/jf/hg
s'ntdf km:g] h:tf ;fdflhs ;d:of
klg b]lvg yfn]sf 5g\ . ctM a}bl] zs
/f]huf/Lsf sf/0f sdhf]/ xFb' } uPsf]
d"NodfGotfnfO{ a]nd} f klxrfg u/L
;'wfg]{ / dlxnfdfly x'g] u/]sf lx+;f
/f]Sgsf nflu ;/sf/L / cGo ;DalGwt
lgsfox?n] Wofg lbg' h?/L ePsf] 5 .
xfn Oh/fOn

lhof]nfO6 k|ljlwsf] vfg]kfgL of]hgf

sf7df8f} F . s~rgk' / sf]
eLdbQgu/kflnsf! efF;Ldf g]kfnd}
klxnf]k6s lhof]nfO6 k|ljlwsf]
vfg]kfgL of]hgf ;~rfngdf cfpg]
ePsf] 5 . kfgLdf ePsf] SoflN;od
Go"gLs/0f ug{sf nflu lhof]nfO6
k|ljlwsf] k|of]u u/L vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf
;~rfng x'g nfu]sf] xf] . SoflN;od r'g_ n] cfof]hgfsf kfOkx?df cj/f]w
l;h{gf u/L cfof]hgf g} s]xL jif{kl5
aGb x'g] cj:y l;h{gf x'g glbg pSt
k|ljlwsf] k|of]u ug'{ k/]sf] vfg]kfgL tyf
;/;kmfO ;j l8lehg sfof{no
dx]Gb|gu/sf k|dv
' k|d] 8f]6n
] n] atfP .
;f] k|ljlwsf] k|of]u u/L vfg]kfgL
cfof]hgf ;~rfng x'g nfu]sf] of]
g]kfnd} klxnf] xf] pgn] eg] . lhof]nfO6
k|ljlwcGtu{t cfof]hgfn] lgdf{0f ug{]

wft'sf kfFrj6f 6\ofLdf kfgL k7fpg]

Joj:yf ug]{ / To;df k|ltlbg @))
lsnf] l9s] g'g xfn]/ kfgLdf /x]sf]
SoflN;od Go"gLs/0f u/L d'Vo 6ofLdf
kfgL k7fO{ kfOknfOgdfkm{t\ pkef]StfnfO{
cfk"lt{ ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfOg] k|dv
'
8f]6n
] n] atfP . pgsf cg';f/ o;/L
6ofLd} SoflN;od Go"gLs/0f ePkl5
kfgLsf kfOkx? Ans x'g] ;d:of x'bF g} .
of] k|ljlw vlr{nf] eP klg cfof]hgfnfO{
bL3{sfnLg?kdf ;~rfng ug{ ;3fp
k'ofpg] ePsfn] pkef]Stfsf] cfu|xd}
;~rfng x'g nfu]sf] xf] pGn] eg] .
Pl;ofnL ljsf; a} + s sf] ?= !!
s/f]8eGbf a9Lsf] nufgLdf pSt
cfof]hgf lgdf{0f x'g nfu]sf] xf] . ;f]
cfof]hgfaf6 Ps xhf/ % ;o pkef]Stf
nfeflGjt x'g] atfOPsf] 5 .

6]lnsdn] PglhPg ;]jf ;'? ug]{

sf7df8f}F . -g]kfn 6]lnsdn] cfpFbf] r}tleq d'ns
' sf * 7fpFdf g]S:6
h]g/] ;
] g g]6js{PglhPg_ ;]jf ;'? ug{] ePsf] 5 . sDkgLn] /fhwfgL;lxt
jL/uGh, g]kfnuGh, e}/xjfnufot 7fpFdf PglhPgcGtu{t dN6L ;le{;
PS;]; u]6j]-PdP;PhL_ ;]jf ;'? ug{ nfu]sf] xf] . ;]jf ;'? ug{] tLa|
?kdf pks/0fx? h8fg eO/x]sf] 5, 6]lnsd lkmS:8 6]lnkmf]g nfOg
;]jfsf lgb]{]zs eutdfg l;+x k|wfgn] eg], r}tb]lv u|fxsnfO{ ;]jf
ljt/0f ;'? ug{5
] f}+ . 6]lnsdn] lrlgofF sDkgL h]8l6O;Fusf] ;fem]bf/Ldf
of] ;]jf lj:tf/ ug{ nfu]sf] xf] . PglhPg ;]jf ;'? ePkl5 u|fxsn] Pp6}
tf/af6 EjfO;, 8f6f / lel8of] ;]jf kfpg ;Sg]5g\ . xfnnfO{ eg] sDkgLn]
lel8of] jf 6]lnlehg ;]jf lbg]5}g . clxn]nfO{ EjfO; / 8f6f ;]jf dfq
rnfOg]5, pgn] eg], OG6/g]6df cfwfl/t l6eL rnfpg eg] tof/L
x'bF 5
} . ;fwf/0f 6]lnkmf]g nfOg -lkP;l6Pg_ PglhPgdf kl/0ft ePkl5
pRr ultsf] OG6/g]6 / u'0f:t/Lo cfjfh;lxtsf] 6]lnkmf]g ;]jf u|fxsn]
k|of]u ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . PglhPgdfkm{t\ ljt/Lt 6]lnkmf]g rnfpg u|fxsn]
k'/fg} kmf]g ;]6 k|of]u ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . t/, OG6/g]6 rnfpg eg] df]8d
]
hf]8\g'k5{ df]8]d hf]8]/ sDKo'6/df OG6/g]6dfkm{t\ 6]lnlehg;d]t x]g{
ldN5 . clxn] klg u|fxsn] Pp6} tf/dfkm{t\ ;Fu} 6]lnkmf]g / OG6/g]6 rNg]
Pl8P;Pn ;]jf k|of]u ul//x]sf 5g\ . PglhPgdf eg] u|fxsn] yk ;]jf /
pRr u'0f:t/ kfpg] k|wfgn] hfgsf/L lbP . pgsf cg';f/ klxnf] r/0fdf
sDkgLn] * 7fpFdf % xhf/sf b/n] sl/a $) xhf/ 6]lnkmf]g nfOg
lj:tf/ ug]{5 . oxL ;]jfdf ;x/L If]qsf u|fxssf nflu eg] a|f]8AofG8
OG6/g]6 klg ;d]l6Psf] 5 . o;nfO{ 6]lnsdn] kmfOa/ 6' xf]d Pkml6l6Pr_ k|ljlwsf] ?kdf ljsf; ug{5
] . PglhPg ;]jf lnPsf u|fxsn]
OG6/g]6 k|f6] f]sn -cfOkL_df cfwfl/t sn;d]t ug{ ;Sg]5g\. OG6/g]6
hf]l8Psf ;+;f/sf h'g;'s} sDKo'6/, :df6{kmf]gnufotsf] k|of]u u/L lel8of]
sn / OGofG6 Dof;]h k7fpg ldNg] ;]jf o;df ylkFb5
} , k|wfgn] eg], of]
cfw'lgs k|ljlw ePsfn] u|fxsn] gofFgofF ;]jf kfpg]5g\ . PglhPg ;]jf
;'? ePkl5 kl5Nnf] ;do cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]gaf6 df]afOnlt/ cfslif{t
u|fxsdWo] s]xL u|fxs cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]gdf kms{g] sDkgLsf] cg'dfg 5 .
' f ;fy} gofF ;]jf
k|wfgn] PglhPgdfkm{t\ lbOg] ;]jfsf] u'0f:t/ /fd|f] x'gs
ylkP klg z'Ns eg] xfns} sfod x'g] hfgsf/L lbP . EjfO;sf nflu
lkP;l6Pg / 8f6fsf nflu Pl8P;Pns} z'Ns x'g5
] , pgn] eg], kl5
o;df cfO6L l6eL, lel8of] cg l8dfN8nufot ;]jf ylkg]5g\ . 6]lnsdn]
;g\ @)!% leq ;a} 6]lnkmf]g nfOgnfO{ OG6/g]6df cfwfl/t agfpg]
of]hgfcg'?k PglhPg ;]jf ;'? u/]sf] xf] . PglhPgsf] klxnf] r/0fdf
s'n Ps nfv cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]gnfO{ of] k|ljlwdf ?kfGt/0f ug{] sDkgLsf]
of]hgf 5 . sDkgLn] lrlgofF sDkgLx? x'jfj] / h]8l6O{;uF PglhPg
k|ljlw lj:tf/sf nflu pks/0f lsGg] ;Demf}tf u/]/ vl/b ul/;s]sf] 5 .
sDkgLn] of] ;]jf ;'? ePkl5 u|fdL0f tx;Dd pRr ultsf] OG6/g]6 /
6]lnlehg kxF'r lj:tf/ x'g] hgfPsf] 5 . of] ;]jfnfO{ clxn] lglZrt
:yfgdf ;'? ul/P klg &% j6} lhNnfdf lj:tf/ ug]{ sDkgLsf] of]hgf
5 . ut d+l;/;Ddsf] tYof+scg';f/ 6]lnsdsf] cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]g k|of]u
ug]{ u|fxssf] ;+Vo ^ nfv ## xhf/ # ;o &) /x]sf] 5 . kl5Nnf
jif{x?df cfwf/e"t 6]lnkmf]gsf u|fxs vf;} a9\g ;s]sf 5}gg\ . of] ;]jf
;'? ePkl5 o;df ;'wf/ x'g] 6]lnsdn] hgfPsf] 5 .

:jf:Yosf nflu gl/jnsf] kfgL

sf7df8f}F . gl/jnsf] kfgL vfg' dfG5]sf] :jf:Yosf nflu nfebfos
5 . cem gl/jnsf] kfgL vfg' k'?ifsf] nflu eGbf dlxnfsf] nflu al9
kmfObfhgs x'G5 . cg';Gwfgn] gl/jnsf] kfgL dlxnfsf] :jf:Yosf nflu
lgs} nfebfos b]vfPsf] 5 . lk;fa kf]Ng], z/L/df kfgLsf] sdL cyf{t\
l8xfO8];g x'g] ;d:ofaf6 d'lSt kfpg dfq xf]Og 5fnfsf] ;'Gb/tf /
:jf:Yosf ;fy} df]6f]kg 36fpg ;d]t gl/jnsf] kfgL sfdofaL x'G5 .
cem ue{jtL dlxnfsf nflu gl/jnsf] kfgL lkpg} emg} kmfObfhgs x'g]
atfOPsf] 5 . gl/jnsf] kfgLn] dlxnfdf k'ofpg] cGo nfe o;k|sf/
5g\ gl/jnsf] kfgL lkpgfn] ue{jtL dlxnfdf laxfgkv x'g] afGtf /f]Sg
;3fp k'/fpF5 . gl/jnsf] kfgLdf x'g] ljleGg k|sf/sf nj0fx?, le6fldg
;L nufotsf tTj ue{jtL dlxnf / ue{sf] aRrfnfO{ lgs} kmfObf k'/fpF5g\ .
gl/jnsf] kfgL lgoldt lkpg] dlxnfdf d'qgnLsf] ;+qmd0fsf] vt/f klg
sd x'G5 . o;n] 9';L k}bf ug{] AofS6]l/ofnfO{ dfl/lbG5 . To;}n] lk;fa
;DaGwL ;d:of ePsf dlxnfn] klg b}lgs gl/jnsf] kfgL lkpg' lgs}
pQd dflgG5 . z/L/df kfgLsf] cfk"lt{nfO{ ;Gt'lnt ug{ / ljiffSt
tTjnfO{ aflx/ Nofpg gl/jnsf] kfgLn] ;xof]u k'/fpF5 . gl/jnsf] kfgLn]
jhg lgoGq0f cyf{t\ df]6f]kg 36fpg ;xof]u u5{ . gl/jnsf] kfgL
lkpgfn] z/L/df hd]sf] cgfjZos af];f] 36fpg'sf ;fy} /utdf
sf]n:] 6]/f]nsf] dfqf klg sd u5{ . gl/jnsf] kfgLsf] lgoldt ;]jg ugf{n]
5fnf :j:y tyf ;'Gb/ aG5 . gl/jnsf] kfgL lkpg'sf] csf]{ kmfObf s] xf]
eg] o;n] of]gLsf] ;+qmd0fnufotsf sf/0faf6 of]gLdf x'g] hngnfO{ sd
u5{ . olb lk;fa kf]Ng] ;d:of 5 eg] To;af6 d'lSt kfpg gl/jnsf]
kfgL lkpg' pQd pkfo dflgG5 .

uf]xL u0fgf ;DkGg

sf7df8f}F . lrtjg /fli6o lgs'~hsf] ;Ldf If]qdf aUg] /fKtL /
gf/fo0fL gbLdf 3l8ofn uf]xL u0fgf sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . gf/fo0fLsf]
l;v|f}nLb]lv lqj]0fL;Dd / /fKtLsf] lhGbufgL 3f6af6 bf]efg;Dd gbL
5]pdf uf]xL u0fgf ul/Psf] lrtjg /fli6o lgs'~hsf ;xfos ;+/If0f
clws[t j]b v8\sfn] hfgsf/L lbP . tLglbg nufP/ uf]xL u0fgf ul/Psf]
xf] . kfgLaflx/ afn'jfdf k|ToIf x]/]/ ul/Psf] u0fgfnfO{ le8fP/
Psdlxgfleqdf olsg ;+Vof cfpg] v8\sfn] atfP . ;g\ @)!! df u0fgf
ubf{ /fKtL gbLdf ## / gf/fo0fL gbLdf $* j6f uf]xL e]l6Psf] lyof] eg]
b]ze/df @)@ j6f uf]xL e]l6Psf lyP . gf/fo0fL / /fKtLafx]s s0ff{nL /
aaxL gbLdf 3l8ofn uf]xL /x]sf 5g\ . ljZjd} g]kfn / ef/tdf dfq}
kfOg] nf]kf]Gd'v 3l8ofn uf]xL ;+/If0fsf nflu g]kfndf @)#% ;fnaf6
cleofg yflnPsf] xf] . xfn;Dd rf/ gbLdf *&! j6f uf]xL 5fl8;lsPsf]
5 . ;xfos ;+/If0f clws[t v8\sfsf cg';f/ of] jif{sf] tYofdf uf]xLsf]
;+Vof a9\g] lglZrt 5 . kfgLaflx/ dfq x]//] u0fgf ul/g] xFb' f tYofnfO{
Go"gtd?kdf lng ;lsg] pgn] atfP . t/fO{ e"kl/lw sfo{qmd / /fli6o
k|s[lt ;+/0f sf]sf] cfly{s ;xof]udf uf]xL u0fgf ul/Psf] xf] .

/fatOfc t]u #! gu
' fmk nf; (^)@

Oh/fon e"ldaf6 l;Sg' kg]{ s'/f

xfdL lab]zdf cfgf] ;;fgf

;Gtfg / a'9f a'9L cfdf clg dfof
ug{ >Ldfg\ jf >LdtL kl/jf/nfO{
5f8L ef]lnsf] lbgsf] z'v zflGt /
;Gtfgsf] pHjn eljiosf] nfuL sfd
ug{cfPsf 5f} xfdLn] cfk"mn] sfd
ug{cfpbf lsg lab]zLsf] gSsn
/f]dfG; clg km]zg rf8} l;S5f},
To;} s f] gSsn u5f} { t/ /fd| f ]
pgLx?sf] s'/fsf] gSsn ub}{gf},
l;Sb}gf}, ;fFRr} o;f] ljrf/ u/]/
x]g-{ ] xf] eg] xfdL o:tf] e"lddf sfd
ug{cfPsf 5f} . hxfF af6 w]/} s'/f
hfGg l;Sg ;S5f}, b]zelSt e"ld
Oh/fon oxfFsf] x/]s gful/sdf
Pstf 5 / cfgf] e"ldsf] nfuL x/
Ps gful/s rfx] hjfg x'g\ jf a'9f
cfgf] hLjg b]zsf] nfuL ;dk0f{
ug{kl5 kb}g{ g Tof] xfdLn] l;Sg of]Uo
5, ;w}sf] qf; of] b]znfO{ rf/}
lt/af6 c/a /fi6x?n] 3]/]/ /x]sf]
of] Oh/fon b]z $) aif{ klxn]
:jtGq ePsf] xf], h'g;'s} a]nf klg

lgzf cof{n

xdnfsf] l;sf/ eO/xg] / xFb' } cfPsf

l:yltdf klg ;g\ !(^& h'g % tfl/s
klxn] klg % c/a b]zn] PSs} k6s
rf/} lt/af6 ^ lbg;Dd 7'nf] cfqmd0f
u/]sf lyP, tf pgLx? /lt e/ klg
g8udufO{ o'2 u/L cfgf] b]zsf]
/Iffsf] nfuL Oh/fonLx?n] cgf] /fi6
/ /fli6otf arfpg xhf/f} cfgf
la/ ;k'tx? u'dfotf klg cfgf]
b]zsf] uf}/ado jL/tf /fVg ;kmn
eP, pgLx? dfly cfqmd0f
ug{cfpg] c/a b]zx? cGtdf xf/
vfP/ pgLx? ;+u} xft]dfnf] ub}{
zflGtk"0f{ /xg] eg]/ ;+oS' t /fi6 ;F3
;Fu} ldn]/ a:g argj4 ePsf 5g,
To:tf Oh/fonLx?sf] b]zk|ltsf]
alnbfg xfdL sfd ug{cfPsfn] l;Sg
of]Uo 5 cfh klg pgLx? cfgf]
b]zsf] lasfzsf] nfuL lbg /ft gegL
vl6 /x]g] logLx?, gf/L b]zsf] gfpn]
lrlgg] of] b]zdf afn'jfdf ;'g

kmnfpg] / d/e'dL xl/of] ;'Gb/ au}rf

/ ljleGg kmnk'mnsf af]6 la?jfn]
zf] e fodfg agfpb} , s[ l if If] q
pTkfbgdf klg cfgf] b] z nfO{
vfBGoaf6 cfTdflge{/ /fVb} cg]sf}
b]zdf ;d]t lgof{t u/L lab]zL d'Gb|f
cfh{ g ug{ ;kmn ePsf 5g\ ,
pgLx?sf] lg:jfy{ clg kl/>dL 5g\
cfk"mnfO{ dfq x} c?nfO{ klg ;xof]uL
sf] efjgfn] x]g{] pgLx? clt g} sd{
/ d]xgtL cfgf] sfd cfkm} ug{
?rfpg], hfthflt 5'jf5't, t ;fgf]
d 7'nf] eGg] s'/fdf e]befj gu/L
Ps} ?kn] x]bg}{ , pgLx?df dfq b]z
k|lt elStefj / /fli6otf, clg
/fi6kl| tsf] ;dk{0f g} pgLx?sf] /fd|f]
kl/0ffd xf] of] s'/f xfdL lab]zdf
/f]hL /f]l6 sdfpg sfd ug{cfPsf
;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLx?n] l;Sg of]Uo 5 ,
emg eGg' kbf{ clt g} uDeL/ laifo
eg]sf] xfd|f] lso/ lue/ sf] sfd,

h;df clt g} w/}tf, ;xgzLntf /

nuglzntfsf] cfaZo kb{5, cfgf]
l/z, qmf]w clg 3d08nfO{ k/} /fvL
pgLx?sf] tfndf rNg' kg]{ s'/fn]
xfdLnfO{ w]/} s'/f l;sfO /x]sf] x'G5,
of] l;Sg] qmddf cfgf a'8f a'8L
cfdf afafnfO{ 6f8fsf] gh/n] x]g{]
;Gtfgsf] nfuL t emg Pp6f lazfn
;b{wf, elSta9]/ cfpg] / cfgf]
a'8f a'8L cfdf afaf ;f;' ;;'/f
clg ;;fgf ;Gtfgsf] nflu
cklg{oddtfdoL Aoaxf/n] :ofxf/
;';f/ ubf{ cflTdotf, dfof x'g'sf]
;fy} cfTd ;Gt'li6 k|fKt x'g] s'/f
dfq geO{ cfgf] 3/ Aoaxf/k|ltsf]
;Dk"0f{lhDd]jf/L dx;'; x'g] s'/f of]
cfh xfdLn] ub}{ cfosf lso/
lue/sf] sfdn] xfdLnfO{ dxTj
k"0f{lhDd]jf/L af]w u/fO/x]sf] 5,
l;sfO /x]sf] 5, b]z lasfzsf]
nfuL cfkm} leq 4Gb x} Pstf x'g'
k5{eGg] clt g} /fd|f] kf7 xfdLn]
l;Sg kfPsf 5f} xfn O{h/fon

;+:yfut ljBfno dfkb08 tyf ;~rfng lgb]l{ zsf, @)^( hf/L

sf7df8f} F . ut d+ u naf/sf]
dGqL:t/Lo lg0f{on] ;+:yfut ljBfno
dfkb08 tyf ;~rfng lgb]l{ zsf,
@)^( hf/L u/]sf] 5 . lzIff ljefun]
dGqL:t/Lo lg0f{ o af6 :jLs[ t
lgb]l{ zsf b]ze/ nfu' u/fpg lgb]z
{ g
lbPsf] ljefusf lgb]z
{ s 6]sgf/fo0f
kf08]n] hgfP. lgb]l{ zsfdf cfwf/e"t
tx -sIff ! b]lv *_ / dfof{lds tx
-sIff ( b]lv !@_sf nflu 5'}
kl/R5]bdf 8|]; sf]8 tf]lsPsf] 5.
dfkb08df h+s k'm8df k|ltaGw,
:s' n a;n] ljBfyL{ af] S g] b' / L
lglZrt, ljBfyL{n] r'h kfOG6 k|of]u
ug{gkfpg] sDd/eGbf sDtLdf !
OGrdfly kfOG6:s6{nufpg'kg{
:s6{fs] tNnf] efu 3'8F feGbf sDtLdf
@ OGr tn;Dd x'gk' g]{ 3fF6LeGbf
# OGr tn;Dd dfq ;6{sf] 6fFs
vf]Ng kfOg] s'tf{ ;'?jfn ePdf
3fF6LeGbf ! OGr tn;Dd dfq v'Nnf
x'gk' g]{ ;ftfdf b'O{ lsl;dsf] dfq
kf];fs x'gk' g]{ tLg jif{;Dd 8];
sf]8 km]g{ gkfOg] kfFr;Ddsf
ljBfyL{nfO{ $ lsnf]eGbf ef/L Jofu
af]sfpg gkfOg] ^ b]lv * sIffsf
ljBfyL{sf] Jofu a9Ldf ^ lsnf] x'gk' g]{
sIff ( eGbf dflysf ljBfyL{sf]
Jofusf] jhg * lsnf]eGbf a9L x'g
gx'g] tf]lsPsf] 5 . :jLs[t lgb]l{ zsf
cg' ; f/ ca k" j { k| f yldstxsf
ljBfyL{n] ef/L Jofu af]Sg kfpg]
5}gg\, lzIff ljefusf lgb]{zs
6] s gf/fo0f kf08] n ] eg] ,
k"j{k|fyldstxsf afnaflnsfsf]
l6lkmg / kfgL klg cleefjsn]
:s'ndf k'ofpg' kg]{ Joj:yf ul/Psf]
5 . gofF lgb]l]{ zsfdf sIff ! b]lv %
;Ddsf ljBfyL{n] a9Ldf $ lsnf]sf]
:s'n Jofu af]Sg ;Sg] / sIff ^*
;Ddsf ljBfyL{n] ^ lsnf];Ddsf] Jofu
af]Sg kfpg] Joj:yfsf nflu ;a}

lhNnfnfO{ lgb]{zg lbO;s]sf] pgn]

hgfP . o;}u/L sIff ( eGbf dflysf
ljBfyL{n] * lsnf];Dd jhg ePsf]
:s'n Jofu af]Sg kfpg] dfkb08
tf]lsPsf] 5 . kf7\oqmd ljsf;
s]Gb|n] tf]s]cg';f/ ljBfyL{n] k9\g]
d'Vo lstfa * j6f dfq x'g,\ kf08]n]
eg], t/ lghL ljBfnon] ;Gbe{;fdu|L
eg]/ sIff ! sf ljBfyL{nfO{ #)
j6f;Dd -sl/a !) lsnf]_ lstfa
af]sfPsf] cleefjssf] u'gf;f] 5 .
afnaflnsfnfO{ dfgl;s / zf/Ll/s
zf]if0faf6 arfpg :s'n Jofu /
kf7ok':tssf] dfkb08 tf]lsPsf]
ljefun] hgfPsf] 5 . lghL ljBfnon]
;jf/L ;fwg k|of]u ubf{ sIff !%
;Ddsf ljBfyL{nfO{ !@ lsnf]ld6/sf]
dfkb08 tf]Sb} ToxL cg';f/ a;
Joj:yf ug'{kg]{ 5 . ^ sIffb]lv
dflysf ljBfyL{ eP !*
lsnf]ld6/;Ddsf] b'/Ldf dfq a;
rnfpg kfOg]5 . pkTosfaflx/sf
lghL ljBfnon] sIff !% ;Ddsf
ljBfyL{nfO{ !% lsnf]ld6/ / sIff ^
b]lvdfly @% lsnf]ld6/ b'/Ldf dfq
:s'n a; rnfpg'kg]{ 5 .
lgb]{lzsfdf ljBfyL{n] k|of]u ug{
vfhf -l6lkmg_;DaGwL dfkb08 klg
tf]lsPsf] 5 . ljBfnodf h+s k'm8
k|of]udf k|ltaGw nufOPsf] 5 .
ljBfyL{n] rfprfp, lrhan, n]h
s's'{/] h:tf h+s km'8 l6lkmg nfg]
kfpg] 5}gg\ . :s'nsf SoflG6gdf klg
o:tf vfhf laqmL ljt/0f ug{kfOg]
5}g . /;fogo'St tof/L vfhfn]
ljBfyL{sf] :jf:Yodf k|lts"n c;/
k/]sf] ;/sf/L 7x/kl5 ;/sf/n]
ljBfnodf o:tf] vfhf lgif]w u/]sf]
kf08]n] atfP .
o;}aLr, cfufdL z}lIfs ;q j}zfv_df lghL ljBfnox?n] z'Ns
a9fpg gkfpg] ePsf 5g\ . rfn"

u'unnfO{ sf/jfxL ug]{ r]tfjgL

sf7df8f}F . cfgf k|of]ustf{sf]
uf]klgotf;DaGwL gLlt kl/jt{g gu/]
o'/f]lkog o"lgogn] OG6/g]6 b'lgofFsf]
x:tL sDkgL u'unnfO{ sf/jfxL ug]{
ePsf 5g\ . u'unn] cfgf] 5'f5'}
;fO6sf] k|of]ustf{x?sf] JolStut
hfgsf/L Ps} 7fpFdf e08f/ ug]{ gLltn]
k|of]ustf{sf] JolStut uf]klgotfsf] xs
vt/fdf k/]sf] o"lgogsf] 7x/ 5 .
uf]klgotf clwsf/;DaGwL cg'udg
ug{ k|mfG;]nL lgsfon] * dlxgf nufP/
lgsfn]sf] lgZsif{df o'/f]lkog o'lgog
cfj4 cGo /fi6x?n] ;xdlt hgfPsf
5g\ . o'lgogn u'uunfO{ cfgf] of] gLlt
kl/jt{gsf] nflu u'unnfO{ $ dlxg]
cjlw lbPsf] lyof] . t/, u'unn] eg]
cfgf] gLltn] o'/f]lkog o'lgogsf] sfg'g

lak/Lt gePsf] bfaL u/]sf] 5 .

u'unn] cl3Nnf] aif{ k|of]ustf{x?;Fu
ul/g] JolStut uf]klgotf;DaGwL
zt{nfO{ Ps} 7fpFdf /fv]/ ;Demf}tf ug{]
gLlt NofPsf] lyof] . of] gLltn] k|of]ustf{n]
lbg grfx]sf] JolStut hfgsf/L;d]t
afWo eP/ lbg'kg]{ o'/f]lkog o'lgogsf]
bfaL 5 . u'unsf] lhd]n, o'6o'a,
u'unK;n, Anuh:tf 5'f5'} ;fO6x?
5g\ . oL ;a} ;fO6 k|of]ustf{x?sf]
JolStut hfgsf/L u'unn] Ps} 7fpFdf
e08f/0f u5{ . o'lgogn] o;cl3 klg
k6s k6s gLlt kl/jt{gsf] nflu
u'unnfO{ r]tfjgL lbFb} cfPsf] lyof] .
ca, klg gLlt gu/] s]xL dlxgfleq}
u'unnfO{ sf/jfxL sf] k|lqmof cufl8
a9fOg] o'lgogn] atfPsf] 5 .

;qdf lhNnf z'Ns lgwf{/0f ;ldltn]

tf] s ] s f] z' N snfO{ g} pgLx?n]
lg/Gt/tf lbg' k g] { 5 . lzIff
lgodfjlncg';f/ utjif{ g} z'Ns
a9fOPsfn] of] jif{ a9fpg gkfpg]
lg0f{o ul/Psf] lzIff ljefun] hgfPsf]
5 . ut h]7df lghL ljBfnosf]
z'Nsaf/] ;jf{]Rr cbfntn] u/]sf]
km};nfnfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ o:tf] lg0f{o
ul/Psf] ;ldltsf ;b:o ;'k|eft
e08f/Ln] atfP . ;jf]{Rrn] Ps
jif{z'Ns a9fPkl5 tLg jif{;Dd
a9fpg gkfOg] km};nf u/]sf] lyof] .
ut jif{ ljBfnox?sf] cfu|xdf z'Ns
lgwf{/0f ;ldltn] k|lqmofcg';f/ z'Ns
a9fPsf] lyof] .
z'Ns Joj:yfkg s]lGb|o ;ldltn]
ut jif{d} z'Ns sfod u/]/ cWoog
cWofkgnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] lg0f{o
u/]sf] cleefjs ;+3sf cWoIf;d]t
/x] s f e08f/Ln] atfP . s' g }
ljBfnon] sf/0fjz a9fpg}kg]{ eP
:ki6 sf/0f;lxt lhNnfl:yt z'Ns
lgwf{/0f ;ldltdf lnlvt k|:tfj k];
ug{;S5g\, pgn] eg], lnlvt ?kdf
cfPsf] k|:tfj pk/ ;ldltn] 5nkmn
u/]/ clGtd lg0f{o u5{ k|:tfj
pko'St nfu] a9g klg ;S5 .
ljefusf dxflgb]{zs 8f=njb]j
cj:yL ;+ o f] h s /x] s f] s] l Gb| o
;ldltdf KofA;g cWoIf afa'/fd
kf]v/]n, PgKofA;g cWoIf uLtf /f0ff,
cleefjs ;+3sf e08f/Lnufot
lzIff ljefusf k|ltlglw ;b:o 5g\ .
ljefun] ;+/rgf / ;]jf;'ljwfsf
cfwf/df lghL ljBfnonfO{ s b]lv
3 ;Ddsf] :t/ lgwf{ / 0f u/L
juL{s/0f u/]sf] 5 . oxL juL{s/0fsf

cfwf/df dfq ljBfnon] z'Ns lng

kfpF5g\ . sf7df8f}+ lhNnfdf ut
jif{;ldltn] u ju{df ljBf{onfO{
clwstd dfl;s z'Ns k|fylds /
lgdflj txdf qmdzM ! xhf/ ! ;o
/ ! xhf/ @ ;o %) tyf dfWolds
txdf ! xhf/ & ;o ?k}ofF sfod u/]sf]
lyof] . u ju{df ljBfnosf] z'NsnfO{
cfwf/ dfg]/ v ju{n] @% k|ltzt
a9fpg ;Sg] Joj:yf 5 . u ju{sf
cfwf/df s ju{n] %) k|ltzt;Dd
a9fP/ z'Ns lng kfpF5g\ .
lzIff lgodfjnLcg';f/ k|lqmof
k"/f u/] klg clwsf+z ljBfnon]
lgwf{l/teGbf a9L z'Ns lng] u/]sf]
cleefjsx?sf] u' g f;f] 5 .
df] k m;nsf ljBfno tyf z' N s
lgwf{/0f ;ldltn] /fhwfgLsf tLg
lhNnfsf ljBfnodf sfod ul/Psf]
z'NsnfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ z'Ns sfod
ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . KofA;g cWoIf
kf]v/]nsf cg';f/ d'n'se/ sl/a (
xhf/ lghL ljBfno ;~rfngdf 5g\,
hxfF sl/a @) nfv ljBfyL{
cWoog/t 5g\ . !) nfv ljBfyL{ t
/fhwfgLsf tLg lhNnfdf dfq}
k95g\ . gofF z}lIfs ;qdf ljBfno
cg'udgnfO{ tLj|tf lbg] lg0f{o
;ldltn] u/]sf] 5 . ljut jif{df gofF
z} l Ifs ;q ;' ? x' g ' e Gbf b' O {
dlxgfcufj} gofF ljBfyL{sf nflu
;~rf/dfWoddf lj1fkg ug{ k/Dk/f
x6fpFb} ;ldltn] Ps dlxgf agfPsf]
5 . lgod kfngf gu/]/ c6]/ u/]
To:tf ljBfnonfO{ ;ldltn]
lgodfjnLcg' ; f/ sf/afxL ug{
atfPsf] 5 . lgodfjnLdf btf{
vf/]h;Ddsf] sf/afxL Joj:yf 5 .

kG5Lx?sf] aw ug]{ tyf df;'sf] pkef]u ug]{ k|j[lQ kl/jt{g u/f}+ .

a8{km\ n h:tf kG5LhGo /f]ux?sf] lgoGq0fdf ;xefuL agL,
cfk"m klg arf}+ ;dfhnfO{ klg arfcf}+ .
kG5Lx?sf] aw 3/aflx/ kfgLsf] ;|f]teGbf 6f9f ug]{ u/f}F .
s'v'/f sf6]kl5 e'OF /fd|f];Fu kvfNg], k'5\g] -lg;+qmd0f_ u/f}F .
aw ul/;s]kl5 s'v'/f tyf sfFrf] df;'sf] n;k;af6 afnaflnsfx?nfO{
6f9} /fvf}F .
df;' sf6]kl5 lg:sg] kmf]xf]/, ;'nL, Kjfn cflbnfO{ hyfefjL gkmfnL
vfN8f]df uf8\g] jf hnfpg] u/f}F .
s'v'/f;Fusf] n;k; tyf df;' sf6\g] sfd ;lsPkl5 ;fa'g kfgLn] /fd|f];Fu
xft w'g] u/f}F .
leqL efu;Dd /fd|f];Fu kfs]sf] s'v'/fsf] df;' dfq vfg] u/f}F .
la/fdL jf d/]sf s'v'/fsf] df;' s'g} klg cj:yfdf vfg] gu/f}F .
c08fsf] leqL;Dd ;fx|f] x'g] cj:yf;Dd pdfn]/ of ksfP/ vfg] u/f}F .

/f]huf/Lsf nflu b}lgs !% ;o;Dd o'jf

sf7df8f}F . /fhgLlts cl:yt/tfsf sf/0f rfn" cfly{s jif{df ;ft dlxgfdf
/f]huf/Lsf nflu lab]l;g] o'jfsf] ;+Vof ## k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 . ;ft dlxgfdf
dn]l;of, vf8Lnufot d'ns
' df @ nfv #& xhf/ ^ ;o *^ o'jf uPsf 5g\ .
ut jif{ oxL cjlwdf ! nfv &* xhf/ & ;o !% o'jf lab]lzPsf lyP . of]
aLrdf dn]l;of, vf8L d'ns
' df sfdbf/ dfu klg a9]sf] 5 . ;a}eGbf a9L
dn]l;ofdf ** xhf/ * ;o () g]kfnL uPsf 5g\ . ;fpbL c/adf $* xhf/
^, stf/df $) xhf/ & ;o *%, ;+oS' t c/a Old/]6;
\ -o"PO{_df @* xhf/ &
;o @$, s'jt] df & xhf/ *(, cf]dfgdf ! xhf/ * ;o @! / ax/fOgdf !
xhf/ ^ ;o *( o'jf uPsf 5g\ . dn]l;ofn] ut jif{ cj}w sfdbf/nfO{ j}w
agfpg] sfo{qmd ;'? u/]/ gofF ljb]zL sfdbf/ lng aGb u/]sf] lyof] . of]
jif{bl] v sfdbf/ lng ;'? u/]s} sf/0f oxfFaf6 hfg]sf] ;+Vof a9]sf] j}bl] zs
/f]huf/ ljefusf dxflgb]z
{ s k"0f{rGb| e/fO{n] atfP . JolStut >d:jLs[ltdf
s8fO ul/Pkl5 ;+:yfut ?kdf hfg] sfdbf/ a9]sf] e/fO{n] atfP . ;+:yfut
-Dofgkfj/ Ph]G;L_ dfkm{t\ lab]lzg]sf] ;+Vof ^% k|ltzt j[l4 ePsf] 5, pgn]
eg], JolStut >d:jLs[lt (# k|ltzt 36]sf] 5 . JolStut ?kdf hfFbf
sfdbf/ ;d:ofdf kg]{ ePsfn] ;+:yfutnfO{ k|fT] ;flxt ul/Psf] pgn] atfP .
o;}aLr, >d tyf /f]huf/ dGqfnon] a]/f]huf/ o'jfnfO{ nlIft u/L tflnd /
/f]huf/ k|Tofe"t ug]{ gLlt Nofpg] ePsf] 5 . a;]l{ g a]/f]huf/ tyf lab]lzg]
o'jfsf] ;+Vof a9\b} uPsfn] /f]huf/nlIft gLlt Nofpg nfluPsf] dGqfnon]
hgfPsf] 5 . dGqfnosf ;lrj ;'/z
] dfg >]i7sf] ;+of]hsTjdf s[lif, ef}lts
of]hgf tyf lgdf{0f, cy{ ;fdfGo k|zf;g, lzIff / ul/aL lgjf/0f dGqfnosf
;x;lrj ;b:o x'g] u/L lgb]z
{ s ;ldlt u7g ul/Psf] 5 . gLltsf] d:of}bf
tof/ ug{ >d ;x;lrj k'?iff]Qd kf}8n
] sf] ;+of]hsTjdf pk;ldlt klg u7g
ul/Psf] 5 . ;ldltn] b'O{ dlxgfleq d:of}bf tof/ u/L lgb]z
{ s ;ldltdf k];
ug{5
] . ljleGg If]qdf sfd vf]Hg] / ToxfFsf a]/f]huf/ o'jfnfO{ /f]huf/ lbg]
vfnsf] gLlt agfOg] dGqfnon] hgfPsf] 5 . sfdbf/nfO{ ;DalGwt sfddf bIf
agfpg cfjZos tflnd lbg'kg]{ Joj:yf;d]t gLltdf cfpg]5 . ;fy}, ljleGg
dGqfnodftxt /x]sf tflndk|bfos ;+:yf -;L6LO{eL6L, Joj;flos tyf ;Lk
ljsf; tflnd s]Gb|, 3/]n' ;dfgsf] tflnd_ nfO{ /f]huf/ dGqfnocGtu{t /fVg]
jf clxn]s} dGqfnodf /fVg] eGg]df klg gLltn] :ki6 kfg]5
{ . /f]huf/ dGqfno
u7g ePkl5 p;n] s] ug{ eGg] cGof]n 5 . of] gLltaf6 /f]huf/ l;h{gf x'g]
u/L ;a} dGqfno;Fu ;dGjo x'g5
] . ;x;lrj kf}8n
] n] /f]huf/L l;h{gf;Fu
;DalGwt ;a} dGqfno ;d]6/] lgb]z
{ s ;ldlt u7g ul/Psf] atfP . pgsf
cg';f/ cGo dGqfnosf ;b:osf] gfd eg] cem} 6'u+ f] nfu]sf] 5}g . of] gLltsf]
d'Vo p2]Zo /f]huf/L l;h{gfd} s]lGb|t x'g5
] ,dpgn] eg], s[lif, :yfgLo ljsf;,
ef}lts of]hgf, ko{6g, lzIffdGqfnodf 7"nf] cfof]hgf x'G5g\, ToxfF a9L /f]huf/L
l;h{gf x'G5 . To;}n] pgLx?nfO{ klg ;d]6/] ;ldlt u7g ul/Psf] xf] . clxn]
>d tyf /f]huf/ gLlt @)^@ sfof{Gjogdf 5 . To;nfO{ ;dofg'sn
" kl/jt{g
ub}{ /f]huf/L l;h{gfdf s]lGb|t x'g] u/L gofF gLlt agfOg] kf}8n
] n] atfP .
a}7ssf cfof]hgf u/L slyt sfof{no
agfP/ cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf afFsL /x]sf
h'g 3f]if0ff ul/of], Tof] 3f]if0ffaf6 ;fj{ef}d wf/fx?nfO{ klg afwf c8\sfp k'msfp wf/fsf]
clwsf/ ;DkGg Joj:yflksfnfO{ ;dfKt b'?kof]u u/]/ cGtl/d ;+ljwfgnfO{ ;dfKt
ug{ / g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg @)^# ug{ ( a'bF ] k|:tfjsf] if8\oGq ul/g' cGtl/d
sf clwsf+z wf/fx?nfO{ ;d]t lj:yflkt ;+ljwfg ;+ljwfgn] kl/sNkgf gu/]sf]dfq
u/]/ cGtl/d ;+ljwfg;efsf] d'n cfTdfnfO{ xf]Og ;+ljwfgsf] d'n k|:tfjgfsf]
efjgfljk/Lt lgb{nLo ;/sf/ u7g
;dfKt ul/of] .
] :tf k|ltufdL ultljlwx? /fi6kltHo"sf]
o:tf] cj:yfdf ;+ljwfgsf] ;+/Ifs / ug{h
kfnssf] ;+jw} flgs lhDd]jf/L;lxtsf] ;+/If0fdf eO/x]sf]n] tL c;+jw} flgs sfo{x?
/fi6fWoIfsf] x}l;otn] ;DdfggLo clanDa /f]lsof];\ / k|wfgdGqLsf] cGtl/d
/fi6kltHo"af6 k|wfgdGqLsf] pSt ;+ljwfgljk/Lt 3f]if0ff / lg0f{ox?nfO{ vf/]h
c;+jw} flgs 3f]if0ffnfO{ ab/ u/]/ cGtl/d u/L cGtl/d ;+ljwfgnfO{ k'gM lqmofzLn
;+ljwfg @)^# sf] /Iff ul/g'kb{Yof] . k/Gt' u/fOof];\ egL hf]8bf/ dfu ub}{
;DdfggLo /fi6kltHo"f/f k/f]If?kdf pSt c;+jw} flgs sbdx?sf] lj/f]wdf of]
3f]if0ffnfO{ :jLsf/ u/]/ k|wfgdGqLsf] lj/f]wkq k|:t't u/]sf 5f}+ . ! df]xg j}B
c;+jw} flgs sbdnfO{ j}Btf lbg] k|of; ls/0f cWoIf, g]skfdfcf]jfbL @ Clif/fd
u/L la8Dagfsf] ljifo xf] . o:tf] l:yltdf s]n, s]lGb|o ;b:o g]skf -PsLs[t_#
o;af6 kf7 l;s]/ c;+jw} flgs sbx?nfO{ dft[sf ofbj, g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ $ dl0frGb|
;RofP/ cGtl/d ;+ljwfg @)^# nfO{ yfkf dxf;lrj, sflGtsf/L sDo'lgi6 kf6L{,
lqmofzLn u/fpg' s f] ;f afx[ o g]kfn % s'df/ lnb]g, cWoIf ;+3Lo
zlSts] G b| x ?sf]
u' ? of] h gfdf nf]stflGqs /fli6o d~r ;Da4, ;+3Lo
k|wfgGofofwLznfO{ k|wfgdGqL agfP/ lnDa"jfg /fHo kl/ifb\ Hof]lt bg'jf/, ;b:o,
Gofokflnsf;d]t lj:yflkt ub}{ n}hfg], cWoIfd08n, ;fdflhs nf]stflGqs kf6L{
;+jw} flgs Joj:yf ljk/Lt rf/ kIfsf /x]sf 5g\ .

/fi6kltsf]===

ldlxg]tsf] sdfOsf] ;Ddfg

ug]{ afgL a;fnf},+
e|i6frf/d'Qm ;dfhsf]
lgdf{0fdf d2t k'ofof}+ .

a8{km\ n' /f]usf] /f]syfd / lgoGq0fdf xfdL ;a}sf] k|lta4tf

g]kfn ;/sf/

s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfno kz' ;]jf ljefu

Pleog OGk\mn'oGhf lgoGq0f cfof]hgf

a"9fgLns07, sf7df8f},F kmf]gM $^%)!@*&, $^%)$(!, $^%)!@*

g] k fn ;/sf/
;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfno

;"rgf ljefu

/fatOfc t]u #! gu
' fmk nf; (^)@

g]kfnsf] gjcf}klgj]lzsLs/0fcfhsf] oyfy{tf

;lbof}b+ l] v g]kfn Ps ;fj{ef}d /
:jflwg /fi6sf] kdf /xLcfPsf] 5 .
g] k fnsf] k| d fl0fs Oltxf; x] b f{
ls/ftsfnLg Oltxf;af6 ;'? x'G5 .
t/ Oltxf;sf k|dfl0fs tYox eg]
lnR5jLsfnsf a9L 5g\\ . To;}n]
lnR5jLsfnsf] Oltxf; cem a9L
yfxf x'G5 . g]kfndf ;fdGtjfbsf]
ljsf; lnR5jL sfndf ePsf]
b]lvG5 . lnR5jLsfndf zf;g ;Qf
;'b9[ kfg's
{ f ;fy} ef/t;Fu dfq xf]Og
ltAat / rLg;Fusf] Jofkf/sf] ljsf;
ePsf] b]lvG5 . sf7df8f}+ pkTosf
ljzfn ;dy/ e"efu ePsf] / oxfFsf]
df6f] cToGt dlnnf] x'bF f pTkfbsTj
cToGt a9L ePsf] sf/0f k|z:t
dfqfdf cGgsf] pAhgL x'g] / csf]l{ t/
g] k fnx' F b } ltAat hfg] gfsf
lnR5jLsfndf v'n]kl5 ltAat /
ef/taLr Jofkf/sf] sf7df8f} +
pkTosf 6flhG6 KjfOG6sf] kdf
ljsf; x'g k'Uof] . o;n] g]kfnsf] aGb
Jofkf/ dfq xf]Og 3/]n' pBf]ux
rf}tkmL{ kdf ljsf; ePsf] kfOG5 .
g]kfnL pTKffbg / Jofkf/sf] b[li6sf]0fn]
lnR5jLsfn :j0f{ o ' u sf] kdf
lnOG5 . dNnsfndf klg o;sf]
lg/Gt/tf /x\of] . dNnsfndf cfpFbf
snf, ;flxTo cem pTsif{df k'u]sf]
b]lvG5 . olta]nf;Dddf g]kfnsf]
pBf]u Jofkf/sf] ljsf;n] g]kfn k|fs
k'h
F Ljfbdf k|jz
] u/]sf] b]lvG5 . csf]{
gsf/fTds k| j [ l tsf] kdf
dNnsfn;Dd cfpF b f cfGtl/s
kdf ePsf] lju|xn] g]kfn y'k|}
/fHodf kl/0ft eof] . oBlk jfx\o
x:tIf]k eg] eO;s]sf] b]lvGg .
o;} a ] n f k[ Y jLgf/fo0f zfxn]
g]kfnnfO{ PsLs/0fsf] k|lqmofdf
cufl8 a9fP . of] PsLs/0f /fli6o
PsLs/0feGbf klg ;fdGtL cxd;lxt
cfGtl/s pklgj]zsf] lj:tf/sf]
kdf cl3 a9\ o f] . ;fdGotof
Oltxf;df ;} G ojfbL cljsl;t
hftLxn] g} n8fOF lhTg] u/]sf]
b]lvG5 . g]kfndf klg of] s'/f g}
nfu" eof] . ;fdGtjfbdf ljsf;
geO;s]sf] uf]/vf /fHon] ;}Go kdf
ljsl;t /fHoxdfly ljho k|fKt
uof] . pkTosfdf ljsf; ePsf]
pBf]u Jofkf/n] k|fs k'h
F LjfbnfO{ cem
ljsf; ug'{sf] ;f k[YjLgf/fo0f
zfxsf] PsLs/0fkl5 ;fdGtjfbsf]
h/f b]z}el/ o;/L uf8\g] sfd eof]
ls Oltxf; cufl8 a9\g' ;Qf k5fl8
ws]Ng] sfd eof] . pBf]u wGbf, Jofkf/
:jtGqtfk"js
{ ljsf; x'g ;s]g . b]z
k' g M 6' q m] pTkfbg / lge{ / d' v L
cy{tGq d} ;Lldt /x\of] .
l;dfgf lj:tf/df nfu] s f]
g]kfnb]lv ef/tLo la|l6z sDkgL
;+zlst lyof] . o;}aLr g]kfn k"jd
{ f
l6:6f / klZrddf sfFu8f;Dd tyf
blIf0fdf u+ u f u08ssf]
ldngljGb' ; Dd / pQ/df
6fl;Nxf]Go';Dd lj:tf/ ePsf] lyof] .
s]Gb|Ls[t / zlQmzfnL lxdfnL /fHo
g]kfnaf6 ;+zlst /x]sf] la|l6z
ef/tsf] :jfy{ klg ltAat;F u
Jofkf/sf] nflu Jofkfl/s dfu{sf]
cfjZostf /x]sf]n] g]kfnsf] l;dfgf
lj:tf/sf] cleofgn] p;sf] :jfy{dfly
wSsf nfu]sf] / o;} lgx'Fdf klZrd
g]kfndf gf]eD] j/ !*!$ df g]kfnsf]
la|l6z ef/t;Fu o'4 eof] / cGttM
o'4df k/flht ePkl5 !% d] !*!%
df la|l6z ef/t;Fu ;Demf}tf ug'{
kof] . $ dfr{ !*!^ df g]kfnn]
la| l 6z ef/tsf] dfu adf] l hd
dsjfgk'/sf] ;'uf}nL ;lGwdf x:tfIf/
ug'{ kof] / g]kfnnfO{ cfkm\gf] PsltxfO
e"efu u'dfpg afWo kfl/of] . o;sf
;fy} la|l6z /]l;8]G;L sf7df8f}d+ } /xg]
eof] . o;/L ;}Go / cfly{s kdf
alnof] la|l6z ef/tn] c;dfg ;'uf}nL
;lGw n8]/ g]kfnnfO{ la|l6z ef/tsf]
cw{ pklgj]z agfpg] sfd eof] .
To;a]nfb]lv ef/taf6 v'Nnf kdf

k|j]z ug]{} cf}Bf]lus dfnsf sf/0f

g]kfnsf] pBf]uwGbf km:6fpg ;s]g
/ Aofkf/df gfkmfdf x|f; cfpg
yfNof] . ;g\ !(@# sf] csf]{ la|l6z
ef/t;Fu ePsf] ;lGwn] g]kfnsf]
ahf/nfO{ la|l6z ef/tsf] klg ;femf
Jofkf/ agfPkl5 Jofkf/ k'/} 3f6fdf
hfg yfNof] . :jtGq ef/tdf ePsf]
;g\ !(%)sf] ;lGwkl5 la|l6zsf]
cw{ p klgj] z af6
ef/tsf]
cw{pklgj]z agfpg] sfd eof] .
g]kfnnfO{ tLglt/af6 3]l/Psf] ljzfn
tyf zlQmzfnL /fi6 ef/tn] To;kl5
u/]sf !(^% sf] ;'/Iff;DjGwL c;dfg
;lGw, sf]zL, u08s ;Demf}tf, Aofkf/
tyf kf/jxg;F u ;DalGwt
;Demf}tfx ax'bn sfndf ul/Psf
6gsk'/ tyf dxfsfnL ;Demf}tf, c?0f
t];|f], ck/sgf{nL, ef/tLo gLlh
sDkgLnfO{ lbg] ;Demf}tfdf g]kfn
u+eL/ kdf 7lub} cfPsf] 5 .
ef/tLo :jfy{ cg'sn
" Jofkf/ tyf
kf/jxg ;Demf}tf gubf{ / rLgaf6
xltof/ g]kfndf leqofPsf] gfpFdf
;g\ !(%) sf] c;dfg ;lGwsf] xjfnf
lbP/ ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbn] g]kfndfly
gfsfaGbL nufpg] sfd ;d]t uof] .
t/ ef/tn] c? b]zaf6 xltof/
leqofpFbf / rLg;Fu ePsf] ef/tsf]
o'4tfsf To;af/] ;f] ;lGwsf] k|fjwfg
cg' ; f/ g] k fnnfO{ s' g } s' / fsf]
hfgsf/L lbg'kg]{ cfjZostf g}
7flgPg . )$& ;fnkl5
ax'bnsfn;Dd ef/t;Fu ul/Psf
;lGw ;Demf}t fx x]bf{ ef/tLo
lj:tf/jfbsf] :jfy{ d" n kdf
g]kfnsf] ;'/Iff Joj:yf / clfy{s
rf;f] a9L b]lvGYof] . jf:tjdf )$^
;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngkl5sf] ax'bn
sfn;Dd g] k fn cw{ ; fdGtL /
cw{cf}klgj]lzs cj:yfdf lyof] .
cw{ c f} k lgj] l zs cj:yf eg] s f]
sdhf]/ / ul/a /fi6dfly zltmzfnL
;fd|fHojfbL jf lj:tf/jfbL d'n'sn]
cfkmgf] zltmnfO{ cufl8 t];f{P/
d}qL;lGwsf gfpFdf c;dfg ;lGw
;Demf}tfx/m nfb]/ ToxL ;lGw /
;Demf}tfsf cfwf/df ul/a /fi6 /
ToxfF s f hgtfdfly cfly{ s /
;f+:s[ltskdf pTkL8g ub{5g\ .
c;dfg ;lGw ;Demf}tfsf] d'Vo kf6f]
cfly{ s / ;f+ : slts :jfy{ ; F u
hf]l8Psf] x'G5 eg] sdhf]/ /fi6n]
6fpFsf] p7fpg gkfpg\ eGg] dg;fon]
;fd|fHojfb tyf lj:tf/jfb p;sf]
;}Go l:ylt;Fu klg ;ts{ /xg] /
cfkmgf] clwgi6 /fVg sf]lz; ub{5 .
)$^;fnsf] hgcfGbf] n gkl5sf]
ax'bn sfn;Dd x]bf{ ;'uf}nL ;lGwkl5
g]kfn la|l6z ef/tsf] cw{pklgj]zsf]
kdf /x]sf] b]lvG5 eg] ;g\ !(%)
sf] ;lGwkl5 ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbsf]
cw{ p klgj] z gsf] kdf /x] s f]
b]lvG5 .
g] k fndf ePsf] b/jf/
xTofsf08 / ljz]if u/]/ @)^! d+l;/
& ut] ePsf] !@ aF ' b ] lbNnL
;Demf} t fdf ;+ ; bLo & bn,
dfcf]jfbLsf k|r08afj'/fd tyf
ef/t k|ToIf ;+nUg lyP . o;n]
ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbsf] g] k fnsf]
/fhgLltdflysf] yk x:tIf]knfO{
a9fpg] sfd ePsf] 5 . @)%* ;fn
h]i7df ePsf] b/jf/ xTofsf08sf]
p2]Zo b/jf/sf] /fhgLlts e"ldsf
sd ug{ ] / ;fd| f Hojfb tyf
lj:tf/jfbsf] rfxgf adf]lhd g]kfnL
/fhgLltdf cfkm\gf] e"ldsf a9fpg]
p2]Zo b]lvG5 . csf{]lt/ k|r08
afj'/fd4f/f kf6L{nfO{ k'/} cGwsf/df
/fv]/ ;+s6sfn nfUg' cufl8 g}
ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbsf ;fd' p;sf]
clxtdf s'g} k|sf/sf] ultljlw gug{]
lnlvt sa'n a'emfPsf] s'/f P; 8L=
d'gLsf] n]vaf6 k|i6 x'g cfPsf] 5 .
csf{]lt/ ef/tLo / sf k"j{ k|d'v
lks] xld{h4f/f ;g\ @)!@ h'nfO{ @%
df OlG8og PS;k|;
] df k|sflzt n]vdf

ax;dfly ax;
kjgdfg >]i7

kf6L{leq cGt/;+3if{df k|r08 s;/L

k|:t't eP eGg] s'/f tyf k|r08n]
b lxGb' df lbPsf] cGt/jftf{ n ]
ef/tLo lj:tfjfbsf] cufl8 pgL\
:xsf] cfTd;dk{0fnfO{ k|i6 kf/]sf]
5 . afj' / fdk| r 08x /fli6 o
cfTd;dk{ 0 fjfbL / juL{ o
cfTd;dk{0fjfbL wf]sa] fh / u4f/sf]
kdf kl/0ft eO;s]kl5 !@ a'bF ]
;Demf}tf lglZrt kdf ef/tLo
lxtdf u/]sf] s'/f k|i6} 5 . To;}n]
ef/tLo lj:tfjfbsf] g] k fnL
/fhgLltdf k|eT' j a9\g' :jfefljs}
lyof] . b/jf/ xTofsf08 cl3 g]kfnsf]
/fhgLltdf b/jf/sf] k|ToIf e"ldsf
x'g] ub{Yof] / p;sf] klg /fhgLltdf
dxTjk"0f{ lx:;]bf/L x'g] ub{Yof] . t/
!@ a'Fb] lbNnL ;Demf}tfn] g]kfnsf]
/fhgLltdf ef/tsf] e"ldsf k|ToIf
/ k|efjsf/L agfpg] sfd ePsf] 5 .
/fhtGqsf] cGTokZrft b/jf/n]
v]Ng] ;Dk"0f{ /fhgLlts e"ldsf
g]kfnsf /fhgLlts bnxn] /fli6o
cfTd;dk{0fjfbsf sf/0f cfkm\gf]
xftdf lng ;s]gg\ a? !@ a'Fb]
;Def} t fn] Tof] e" l dsf lbNnL
b/jf/nfO{ ;'Dkg] sfd ePsf] 5 .
To;}sf] kl/0ffd g]kfndf !& k6s
k|wfgdGqLsf] nflu r'gfj ubf{ klg
k|wfgdGqL r'Gg ;s]g . cfh ef/tLo
lj:tf/jfbn] g]kfndfly cfly{s,
;fF:s[lts, ;'/Iff nufot /fhgLlts
kdf klg d'Vo e"ldsf lgefpg]
u/] s f] ;+ G be{ d f ljut c;dfg
;GwL;Def}tfsf cfwf/df cfly{s,
;fF:s[lts kdf g]kfndfly ul/b}
cfPsf] pTkL8g eGbf u'0ffTds kdf
km/s ePsf] 5 . dw]zL df]rf{;Fu
rf/ a'Fb] ;Def}tf u/]/ afj'/fdsf]
g]t[Tjdf ;/sf/ ag]kl5 cema9L
;xhtfk"j{s ef/tn] rfx] d'tfljs
g]kfnsf] zf;g ;Qf / /fhgLlt
;~rfng eO/x]sf] cj:yf 5 . To;}n]
cfh ljKkf ;Def}tf, c?0f t];f| ,] ck/
s0ff{nL, sf]zL pRr 8\ofd dfq xf]Og
cGt/f{li6o ljdfg:yn ;lxt kGw|
j6f Po/kf]6{ ef/tLo lghL sDkgLnfO{
;'/Iff / Joj:yfkgsf nflu ;xh
9+un] a'emfpg] sfd ePsf] 5 . o;sf]
cy{ ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbn] cfkm\gf
k|lzlIft bnfnx tof/ kfl/;s]sf
5g\\ / tL g]kfnsf] ;Qfsf clxn]
xfjL 5g\\ . o; cy{df g]kfn ef/tLo
lj:tf/jfbsf] Ps k|sf/n] pklgj]z
ag]sf] 5 . o;/L gofF 9+un] ag]sf]
pklgj]z gjpklgj]z xf] / g]kfn
ef/tsf] pklgj] z sf] kdf
kfGt/0f ePsf] 5 .
sd/] 8 dfcf] n ] gjpklgj] z
af/]df ?;L sDo'lg:6 kf6L{;uF ePsf]
dxfg\ ax;sf qmddf bf] ; | f ]
ljZjo'4kl5 /fli6o d'lQm cfGbf]ngn]
ubf{ ljZjaf6 pklgj]zsf] cGTo
ePsf] v|Z' rf]esf] egfOsf] hjfkm lbFb}
eGg' eof] , bf] ; | f ] ljZjo' 4 kl5
;fd|fHojfbLxn] pklgj]zjfbnfO{
lglZrt kn] ltnf~hnL lbO;s]sf
5}gg\ . t/ vfnL gofF k, gofF
pklgj]zjfbsf] ljsf; u/]sf 5g\\ .
To:tf] gofF pklgj]zjfbsf] Pp6f
dxTjk" 0 f{ rl/q s] xf] eg]
;fd|fHojfbLxn] s]xL If]qdf cfkm\gf]
cf}klgj]lzs zf;gsf] k'/fgf] z}nL
abNg gofF z}nLsf] cf}klgj]lzs
zf;g pgLxn] rog u/]sf /
k| l zlIft
u/] s f cfkm\ g f
Ph]06xdfly e/ k/]/ zf]if0fnfO{
ljsl;t ug{ afWo ePsf 5g\\ . ;+oQ' m
/fHo cd] l /sfsf] g] t [ T jdf
;fd| f HojfbLxn] cf} k lgj] l zs
d'ns
' x ;}lgs u7aGwg u/]/, ;}Go
cfwf/ ldnfP/, ;+3x / ;d'bfosf]
:yfkgf u/]/ tyf s7k'tnL zf;g

sfod u/]/ cfkm\gf] :jtGqtfsf] 3f]if0ff

u/] s f d' n ' s xnfO{ clwg:y
agfp5 . cfly{s ;xof]u / c?
kx4f/f pgLxn] tL b]zxdf
cfkm\gf dfuxsf nflu ahf/, sRrf
kbfy{xsf] ;|f]t, pklgj]zsf nflu
sDkgL jf tl/sf k|fKt ub{5g\\ .
wgbf} n t n' 6 \ 5 g\ / tL b] z sf
hgtfxsf] /ut r' : b5g\ \ .
To;afx]s To;k|sf/sf d'n'sxsf]
cfGtl/s dfldnfdf x:tIf]k ug{, tL
b]zxdfly ;}lgs x:tIf]k ug{, tL
b]zxdfly ;}lgs, cfly{s, ;f+:s[lts
cfqmd0f ug{ ;+oQ' m /fi6;+3n] dxTjk"0f{
xltof/sf] kdf k|of]u ub{5g\\ .
hlta] n f pgLx t b] z xdf
zflGtk"0f{ 9+un] cfkm\gf] zf;g rnfpg
c;dy{ x'G5g\\, Tolta]nf pgLxn]
;} l gs ljb| f ] x 4f/f /fHo ljKnj
u/fpF5g\\ . /fhgLlts clwsf/x /
k|efj If]qnfO{ lgld6\ofGg kfg{ / ljZjd}
lgolGqt :yflkt ug{ e/dUb'/ k|oTg
ul//xG5g\ \ . of] gjpklgj] z jfb
pklgj]zjfb eGbf w]/} 3fts /
if8Gqsf/L 5 . -dxfg\ ax; g]kfnL
;+:s/0f )^!, k]h !!( af6_ .
oxfF sd/]8 dfcf]n] :ki6 kfg'{
ePsf] 5 ls bf];f| ] ljZjo'4kl5 s'g}
klg ;fd|fHojfbL b]zxnfO{ kmf}hL
cfqmd0fx4f/f cGo b]zdfly sAhf
u/]/ pklgj]z v8fu/L l;w} ;Qf
;+rfng ug]{ l:yltsf] cGTo ePkl5
pklgj]zaf6 :jtGq ePsf b]zx /
cGo ul/a /fi6xdf zf;g u/]/ n'6g\
gofF tl/sfsf] ljsf; u/]sf 5g\\ .
;fd|fHojfbL b]zx d'VotM cd]l/sL
;fd|fHojfbn] cfk"m4f/f k|lzlIft
Ph]06xnfO{ ;Qfdf nu]/ s7k'tnL
;/sf/4f/f pklgj]z km/s 9+un]
lg/G/tf lbG5g\\ . To:tf d'n'sxdf
;}Go cfwf/ v8f u/]/, ;}Go u7aGwg
u/]/ tyf cfly{s ;xof]usf gfddf
ahf/, sRrf kbfy{ sAhf u/] / ,
pklgj]zsf nflu ljz]if sDkgL v8f
u/]/ ul/a /fi6nfO{ cfkm\gf] clwg:y
kf/]/ lxhf] s} pklgj]zjfbL n'6nfO{
lg/Gt/tf lbG5g\ \ . zflGtk" 0 f{
tl/sfaf6 zf;g ;+rfng ug{ c;+ej
ePsf] cj:yfdf ;+o'Qm /fi6;+3nfO{
;d]t k|of]u u/]/ ;}lgs x:tIf]k4f/f
;}Go ljb|f]x u/fO{ /fHoljKnjdfkm{t
cfkm\gf] clei6 k"/f ug]{ sf]lz; u5{g
/ ljZjnfO{ cfkm\gf] lgoGq0fdf lng
k|oTg u5{g\ . of] gofF tl/sfsf]
pklgj]z gjpklgj]z xf] . To;}n]
pklgj]zjfb eGbf gjpklgj]zjfb w]/}
3fts / if8Gqsf/L ePsf] s'/f sd/]8
dfcf]n] pNn]v ug'{ePsf] 5 .
/fhgLlts cy{zf:qsf] zJbsf]ifdf
gjpklgj]z ;DaGwdf o:tf] elgPsf]
5, of] ul/a /fi6xdfly ;fd|fHojfbL
b] z xn] cfly{ s , /fhgLlts,
;}lgsnufot cGo ;DaGwx yf]kl/g]
Joj:yf xf] tfls ul/a /fi6xnfO{
k'FhLjfbL cfly{s k|0ffnLleq s}b ug{
;lsof]; . of] gjf]lbt lk5l8Psf tyf
k'FhLjfbL cfly{s k|0ffnLdf lge{/
c;DkGgtfdfly cfwfl/t 5 .
gjpklgj]zjfb ljsf; x'gs
' f k5fl8
k'/fgf] pklgj]zjfbL gLltsf] k"0f{
c;kmntf tyf ;fd|fHojfbLxsf]
pklgj]zjfbL gLltsf] w/fzfxL xf] .
gjpklgj]zjfbsf] j:t'ut cfwf/
klxnf] cNkljsl;t /fi6 x
cGt/f{ l i6 o k' F h LjfbL >d
ljefhgcGu{t ;fd|fHojfbL b]zx;Fu
cfly{s kn] lge{/ /x]sf] cj:yf /
bf];|f] ;fd|fHojfbL Psflwsf/af6 tL
b]zxsf] cy{tGqdf ;fd|fHojfbL
k'h
F Ln] dxTjk"0f{ lx:;f cf]u6]sf] cj:yf
x'G5 . cfh gjf]lbt /fi6xn] v]Kg'kg]{
bafjsf] k / tl/sfxdf w]/}
kl/jt{g ePsf 5g\\ . ;fd|fHojfbLxn]

;fdGt / s]xL ;De|fGtxaf6 dfq

;fdflhs ;xof]u vf]Hb}gg\ a? d'Vo
kdf /fli6o a'hj{' fxaf6 vf]H5g\\ .
cy{tGqdf /fli6o k'FhL, d"n kdf
gLlh k'FhL h'g :yfgLo / ljb]zL
k'h
F Lsf] ;xeflutfdf ;+oQ' m pBd4f/f
lgdf{0f x'g] ub{5 . of] d'n kdf
bf]xg / cf}Bf]lus pTkfbgsf] kdf
cufl8 b]lvG5 . gjf]lbt :jtGq
/fi6xnfO{ Psflwsf/jfbLxn] ljZj
k'h
F LjfbL pTkfbg;Fu hf]l8Psf] pBf]u
pBd4f/f lgdf{0f x'g] ub{5 / of] d'n
kdf bf]xg / cf}Bf]lus pTkfbgsf]
kdf cufl8 b]lvG5 . gjf]lbt
:jtGq
/fi6 x nfO{
Psflwsf/jfbLxn] ljZj k'FhLjfbL
pTkfbg;Fu hf]l8Psf] pBf]u s[lifdf
cfwfl/t b]zdf kfGt/0f ul/lbG5 .
;fd|fHojfbn] ljsf;Gd'v /fi6sf
pTkfbgdf k|efj yf]kg{ ljZj k'h
F LjfbL
ahf/df d' N o gLltsf cfwf/df
cf}Bf]lus pTkfbgsf] dfu 36fP/
cfoft ug]{ dfn sf]6f k|0ffnLdf nu]/
tyf eG;f/ z'Ns a9fP/ ug]{ u5{g .
ljb] z L Psflwsf/ k' F h L ul/a
/fi6xdfly ;fd|fHojfbL pTkL8gsf
nflu ;zQm xltof/sf kdf /x]sf
5g\\ . oL /fi6xdf cfofltt k'FhL
olt w]/} a9]sf] 5 ls of] g} b]zsf]
k'h
F Lsf] kdf b]lvG5 / of] g} ;a}eGbf
dxTjk" 0 f{ ag] s f] x' G 5 . of]
;fd|fHojfbLxsf] lgb]{zgdf ljz]if
;t{;lxtsf] ;xof]usf] kdf C0fsf]
kdf pknAw u/fOPsf] x'G5 .
;fd|fHojfbL b]zxn] cfly{s / ;}Go
u7aGwg ;fd'lxs pklgj]zsf] kdf
ul/a /fi6xnfO{ tfGg sf]lz;
u5{g\ . pgLxn] c;dfg ;lGwx
yf]kg]{, /fli6o tyf wfld{s j}/efj
km}nfpg], k|ltlqmofjfbL s7k'tnL ;Qf
v8f ug]{, ;}Go s'nfO{ ;+ul7t ug]{,
sDo'lg:6 lj/f]wL slyt l;4fGtsf]
k| r f/ k| ; f/ ug] { , ;dfhjfbL
/fi6xsf] skf]NslNkt s'/fdf lgGbf
ug]{, cGTodf l;wf ;}Go x:tIf]k ug]{
cflb . -A Dictionary of
political
economy,
progress
publisher,
Moscow 1981, page 247_ .
To;} n ] ;fd| f Hojfb tyf
lj:tf/jfbn] ul/a /fi6 x sf]
cfly{s, /fhgLlts, ;f+:s[lts /
;}lgs If]q cfkm\gf] d'Ldf kf/]sf] x'G5 .
o;sf nflu pgLxn] bnfnxsf]
s7k'tnL ;Qf v8f u/]/, ;}Go tyf
cfly{s u7aGwg u/]/, bnfnx;Fu
;+o'Qm k'FhL nufgL u/]/, ljljw
k|sf/sf c;dfg ;lGw ;Demf}tf u/]/
gofF k|sf/n] zf;g;Qf cfkm\gf] xftdf
lng] ub{ 5 . of] g} jf:tjdf
gjpklgj]zjfb xf] .
o;/L x] b f{ ljutdf g] k fn
cw{cf}klgj]lzs cj:yfdf /x]sf]
l:yltaf6 o' 4 sfnLg l:yltdf
k|r08afa'/fdn] ef/t ;/sf/nfO{
a'emfPsf] lnlvt cfTd;dk{0faf6 ;'?
eP/ b/af/ xTofsf08, /fhtGqsf]
cGTo / afa'/fdsf] g]t[Tjdf ;/sf/
u7gkl5
kl/jt{ g
eP/
gjpklgj]zsf] l:yltdf k'us
] f] 5 .
ljKkfnufot ljleGg gbLgfnfxsf]
ef/tLo lj:tf/jfb;Fusf] yk ;lGw
tyf gjLs/0f, ;+ljwfg;efsf] lj36g,
hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] lj36g tyf cGTo,
cGt/f{li6o ljdfg:ynnufot !%
j6f Po/kf]6s
{ f] Joj:yfkg / ;'/Iffsf]

ef/tLo gLlh sDkgLnfO{ lhDdf

nufpg] s'/fn] ef/tLo :jfy{l;4 ug]{
u/L afa' / fd ;/sf/ ef/tLo
lj:tf/jfbsf] ;]jfdf ;dlk{t ePsf]
5 . afa'/fd ;/sf/sf] u7aGwg
ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbsf] cfh ;jf]T{ s[i6
bnfnsf] kdf / s7k'tnL ;/sf/sf]
kdf e'ldsf lgefO/x]sf] l:ylt 5 .
To;}n] g]kfns} Oltxf;df g]kfnsf]
/fli6o :jflwgtf / :jtGqtfsf] s'/f
;a}eGbf u+eL/ ;+s6sf] cj:yfdf
/x] s f] 5 . cfh ;a} b] z eQm,
u0ftGqjfbL / ;+3LotfkIfw/ cToGt}
u+eL/ x'g'kg]{ cj:yfdf 5 .
cw{;fdGtL / cw{cf}klgj]lzs
cj:yfsf] cfly{s cfwf/ eg]sf]
;fdGtL pTkfbg ;DaGw / gf]s/zfxL
k' F h Ljfb xf] . b] z cw{ ; fdGtL
cw{ c f} k lgj] l zs cj:yfaf6
cw{ ; fdGtL / gjcf} k lgj] l zs
cj:yfdf kl/0ft ePkl5 o;sf]
cfly{s cfwf/df klg kl/jt{g cfPsf]
5 . ;fd|fHojfb4f/f t];|f] ljZjdf
cfkm\gf] k|e'Tj a9fpg cy{tGqdf
nflbPsf] lghLs/0f, pbf/Ls/0f,
e' d 08nLs/0f / v' n f ahf/
cy{ t Gqsf] sf/0fn] s[ l if tyf
cf}Bf]lus pTkfbgdf nufgL a9fpg'
;f cg'Tkfbs 3/ hUufdf nufgL,
;]jfd'ns rLhdf nufgL a9fPsf] 5 .
o;nfO{ lj:tf/ ug{ ;fd|fHojfb tyf
lj:tf/jfbn] ax'/fli6o sDkgLx
tyf ;/sf/L ;+ 3 ;+ : yfxsf]
;+hfnnfO{ Aofks agfPsf 5g\\ .
cg'Tkfbs rLhdf ul/Psf nufgLsf
sf/0f b] z ljb] z L j:t' x sf]
cfoftdf lge{/ /xg'kg]{ cj:yf
l;h{gf ePsf] 5 . o;n] ubf{ a9\bf]
zf] w /fGt/ l:ylt, 3f6f ah] 6 ,
d'bf| l:kmlt, a9\bf] dx+uL, j:t'xsf]
cefj, ;[hgf u/]sf] 5 / xfd|f] b]zsf]
cy{tGq k'/} k/lge{/ cy{tGqsf]
kdf ljsf; ePsf] 5 . o;sf]
kl/0ffdn] k}bf u/]sf] a]/f]huf/Lsf]
l:yltn] nfvf} o' j fo' j tLx
/f]huf/Lsf] nflu ljb]z knfog x'g
afWo ePsf] 5 . cfh xfd|f] b]z
ljb]zsf nflu ef8fsf sfdbf/ k}bf
ug]{ b]zdf kl/0ft ePsf] 5 /
d'n'ssf] cy{tGqsf] dxTjk"0f{ lx:;f
/]ld6\ofG;af6 rln/x]sf] 5 .
cw{;fdGtL / cw{cf}klgj]lzs
cj:yfdf k}bf ePsf] gf]s/zfxL
k'FhLklt ju{ klg gjpklgj]zsf
sf/0f /fHo;Qf ;fd| f HojfbL /
lj:tf/jfbL bnfnxsf] xftdf s]Gb|Lt
ePsf] x'Fbf cfkm\gf] cl:tTj /Iffsf
nflu gf]s/zfxL bnfn k'FhLkltsf]
kdf kfGt/0f x'gk' g]{ l:ylt k}bf
ePsf] 5 . o;/L gjpklgj]zjfbn]
;a} If] q df ;fd| f Hojfb /
lj:tf/jfbsf bnfn pTkfbg ug]{ sfd
ub}{ cfPsf] 5 / /fhgLlt tyf
cfly{s pTkfbg ;DjGwdf klg o;n]
cfkm\gf] d'77Ldf kf/sf] 5 .
o;n] ubf{ cfh g]kfnL qmflGtsf
nflu cfGtl/s kdf ef/tLo
lj:tf/jfbsf bnfn hf] p;}af6
lgb]{lzt / kl/rflnt 5, hgtfsf]
k|wfg b'Zdgsf kdf /x]sf] 5 eg]
afx\o kdf ef/tLo lj:tf/jfb
k|wfg b'Zdgsf] kdf /x]sf] 5 .
To;}n] g]kfnL hgjfbL qmflGtsf]
sfo{ef/ /fli6o :jfwLgtf, hgtGq
/ hghLljsfsf ;+3if{ k'/} ef/tLo
bnfnx;Fu s]Gb|Lt x'g] :ki6 5 .

sf7df8f}F . rLgdf dfG5]n] h:t}

r'/f]6 lkpg] 9'f e]l6Psf] 5 .
rLgsf nf]p o'cfg;'Osf] 3/df
/x]sf] Pp6f 9'+ufsf] 6'qmfn]
dfG5]n] eGbf klg l56f] cyf{t\
% ldg]6d} r'/f]6sf] lvNnL
tfg]/ ;lslbG5 . dfG5]eGbf
klg s8f cDdnL of] 9' + u f] b' O {
lsnf]eGbf s]xL a9L tf}nsf] 5 .
blIf0fk"jL{ km'lhofg k|fGtsf] nf]U+ ofgdf

a:g] nf]pn] km]nf kf/]sf] of] cDdnL

rfgnfO{ x] g { cfhef] l n
dfG5]xsf] 3'OFrf] g} nfUg]
u/]sf] 5 . of] 9'u+ fsf] d'vh:tf]
Kjfndf r' / f] 6 sf] lvNnL
/flvlbPkl5 cfkm}F ;lNsP/
w'jfF g} gp7L % ldg]6 leqdf
;lsG5 . nf]pn] of] r'/f]6 vfg] 9'+uf
;f+lup kxf8df km]nf kf/]sf lyP .
of] 9'+uf v}/f] /+usf] 5 .

r'/f]6 vfg] 9'+uf

bn;Fusf] 5nkmnkl5 af/sf cWoIf

xl/s[i0f sfsL{n] k|wfgGofofwLznfO{
;/sf/sf] g]tT[ j lbg' ;+ljwfgjfbsf]
l;4fGtljk/Lt x' g ] atfP .
k|wfgGofofwLznfO{ ;/sf/sf] g]tT[ j lbFbf
Tof] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] k|:tfjgfsf] klg
ljk/Lt x'g] / d'ns
' km:g] l6Kk0fL u/] .
5nkmnkl5 Pdfn] g]tf /3' kGtn] af/sf
kbflwsf/Ln] ;+ljwfgsf] efjgfljk/Lt hfg
gx'g] ;'emfj lbPsf] hfgsf/L lbP .
o;}aLr, jfxfnjfnf k|wfgGofofwLz
lvn/fh /]UdL k|wfgdGqL aGg]ePkl5
pxfFsfaf/]df klg k|Zg p7fpg] ;do
cfPsf] /fhgLlts bnsf o'jf g]tfxn]
atfPsf 5g\ . l/kf]6;
\{ { Snan] u/]sf]
;fIffTsf/df pgLxn] /fhgLlt l5/]kl5
k|wfgGofowLzsf] ul/df gaRg] atfP .
sf+u;] | o'jf g]tf uug yfkfn] kf6L{ lg0f{o
ljk/Lt k|wfgGofofwLzsf] g]tT[ j :jLsfg]{
g]tfxnfO{ 7]ufg nufpg] r]tfjgL lbP .
yfkfn] /fhgLlts JolSt;Fu n;k;
ug]n{ fO{ k|wfgGofofwLz k|wfgdGqL dfGg
g;lsg] atfP . sf+ u | ] ; kf6L{
k|wfgGofowLz k|wfgdGqL aGg gx'g] kIfdf
/x]sf] yfkfn] k|i6\ofP . g]skfdfcf]jfbLsf
g]tf n]vgfy Gof}kfg]n] eg] sf]7fdf a;]/
s]xL g]tfn] k|wfgGofowLznfO{ k|wfgdGqL
agfpFbd} f dfGo gx'g] :ki6 kf/] . pgn]
;+ljwfg aGg] s'g} Uof/]G6L gePsf]
cj:yfdf k|wfgGofofwLzsf] g]tT[ j dfGo
gx'g] atfP . bnxn] o;/L cfk"mv';L
lg0f{o u/] To;n] csf]{ cfGbf]ngsf] k
lng] g]tf Gof}kfg]sf] egfO{ 5 .

6]lnsdsf]===
ljifonfO{ p7fg ug{ cfu|x u/]sf] 5 .
o;cl3 klg /c, 6]lnsd ljefu /
k//fi6 dGqfnon] lrlgofF sDkgL;Fu
Pg;]nsf] ;Demf}tfnfO{ lnP/ rf;f] /fv]sf
lyP . ef/tLo ;'/Iff Ph]G;Ln] Pg;]nsf]
8f6f ;]G6/ agfpg] lhDdf rLgnfO{ lbg
gx'g] eGb} cfklQ k|s6 u/]sf lyP .
/cn] Tolta]nf Pg;]nsf] 8f6f a}s
+
agfpg] kl/of]hgfdf x:tIf]k ug{;d]t
k//fi6 dGqfnonfO{ cfu|x u/]sf] lyof] .
g]kfn 6]lnsdn] lrlgofF sDkgL;Fu em08}
tLg ca{ ?k}ofF vr{ u/]/ PghLPg k|ljlw
OG:6n ul//x]sf] 5 . ;DejtM ef/tLo
rf;f] ePs} sf/0f 6]lnsdsf] PghLPg
kl/of]hgfnfO{ clVtof/ b'?kof]u
cg';Gwfg cfof]un] klg 5fgljgsf] 3]/fdf
/fv]sf] lyof] . /cn] g]kfn;Fu} dflNbE;sf]
kl/of]hgfdf klg x:tIf]k ug{ cfu|x u/]sf]
5 . lrgLofF 6]lnsd sDkgLsf] g]kfn /
dflNbE;df a9\bf] pkl:yltn] ;'/Iff Ph]G;L
Pn6{df 5g\, Osf]gf]lds 6fOD;n] n]vs
] f]
5 . rLgn] dflNbE;df ;"rgf k|ljlw
k"jf{wf/ kl/of]hgfsf nflu kfFr s/f]8
&) nfv 8n/ C0f k|bfg u/]sf] 5 .

rLg===
eg] ;8sn] l5gf]kmfgf] ug]5{ , pgn] eg] .
g]kfnsf] /fhgLlt g]kYoaf6 rln/x]sf]
bfaL ub}{ pgn] eg], ;a} lrh gf}
tl/sfn] cfPsf 5g\ . sfFu;] | / Pdfn]sf
g]tfx klg crDd k/]sf] b]V5f}F . ToxfF
klg Psdt 5}gg\ . k|r08hLn] eg]sf]
;"q klg g]kfnsf] /fli6o cl:dtf
lgld6\ofGg kfg]{ cEof; eO/x]sf] kfOof]
eGb} pgn] eg], Joj:yflksf gePsf]
a]nf sfo{kflnsf / Gofokflnsf Ps}
AolStdf x'g] s'/f :jLsf/ ug{nfos 5}g .
pgn] ^)! hgf ;ef;b\nfO{ cj1f
ug]x{ n] km]l/ ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj rfxg'
/ xf]nf eg]/ ljZjf; ug{ g;lsg] bfjL
u/] . pgsf] egfO 5, o;}n] xfdLn]
cfGbf]ngsf] cfx\jfg u/]sf 5f}F . cWoIf
df]xg j}B ls/0f n] n]vs /fhg
kf]v/]nsf s[ltxn] ljZjsf] ;fd' g]kfnL
hgo'4nfO{ k'ofpg] sfo{ ;x|flgofF sfd
ePsf] atfP . o;df k|of]u ePsf efiff
/ k|sfzssf] rrf{ ;'Gbf ;dfhjfbL
oyfy{jfbdf cfwfl/t 5 ls 5}g eg]/
x]g{} kg]{ pTs07f hfu]sf] pgn] atfP .
k|f= ;'/z
] cfn]du/n] l/j]n ckm b
dfp06]gn] g]kfnL qmflGtsf] l/kf]6h
{ :t}
nfu]sf] atfP . pgn], o;n] g]kfnL
qmflGtnfO{ cGt/f{li6os/0f ug{ ;3fPsf]
5 . o;n] tLg b]znfO{ 5f]Psf] k|;u+
rrf{ ub}{ ljifoj:t' g]kfn, n]vg Sofg8f
/ k|sfzg cd]l/sfdf ePsf] klg atfP .
pgsf] ljrf/df ;flxTosf dfWodaf6
g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] ;fgf] Oltxf;
eP klg ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5 . k|f=8f=
>Lw/ uf}tdn] n]vs kf]v/]n p2]Zo;lxt
n]Vg] n]vssf] kdf b]vf k/]sf] atfpFb,}

dfp06]gdf /fhg}lts ljrf/ a9L

cleAoSt u/]sf] atfpFb} eg], n]vssf
ljrf/ cfPsf 5g\ . uf}tdsf] ljrf/df
n]vsn] qmflGt k"/f gePsf] cfzo AoSt
u/]sf] kfOG5 . o; n]vgn] cGt/f{li6o
bfloTj k"/f u/]sf] 5 eGb} uf}tdn] eg],
pxfFsf] n]vgdf JofVofeGbf abNg] s'/fdf
hf]8 lbOPsf] kfOPsf] 5, 9'Ss eP/
o:tf ljrf/ AoSt ug{] 7"nf] s'/f xf] .
o:t} hg;f+:s[lts dxf;+3sf ;+of]hs
O{Zj/rGb| 1jfnLn] n]vssf] AolStTjsf]
rrf{ u/] . pgn] n]vs;Fusf] ;xsfo{sf]
rrf{ ub} { g] k fnL hgo' 4 nfO{
cGt/f{li6os/0f u/] . of] ofqf hf/L /xf];\
pgsf] yk egfO 5 . n]vs /fhg
kf]v/]nn] cfgf tLg s[lt cd]l/sfdf
k|sflzt ePsf] / ;f] s[ltn] g]kfnL
qmflGtsf] cGt/f{li6os/0f ug{ ;3fPsf]
atfP . g]kfnL qmflGtnfO{ lrgfpg]
n]vsxsf] Pp6f l6d agfpg h?/L
5 n]vs kf]v/] cufl8 eg], o;tkm{
g]kfnsf n]vsxn] ;f]Rg kb{5 . lsgls
cGt/f{li6o kdf ef/t / kfls:tfgsf
s]xL n]vssf] dfq k9fO{ ePsf] kfOof] .

;'/Iff===
c+s lbg ldNg] u/L to ul/Psf] a9'jf
;ldltsf] %) c+s ef/nfO{ & bzdnj
% df emf/]sf] 5 . To;}u/L, ;DalGwt
lhNnfsf k|dv
' lhNnf clwsf/LnfO{ ;d]t
!) c+ssf] clwsf/ lbOPsf] 5 .
ToxLcg';f/ kl5Nnf] k6s a9'jf ePsf
kfFr P;P;kLx?sf] a9'jfdf ;d]t ljjfb
ePsf] lyof] . cfof]u u7g eP/ sfd
;'? ubf{ oxL ;fdfGo l;4fGtnfO{ cfwf/
agfpg] / clxn] h]h;/L a9'jf ePsf
5g\ To;/L g} a9'jf x'g] atfOPsf] 5 .
u[x k|zf;gcGtu{t\ 7"n" f] g]kfn k|x/Ldf
^! xhf/ sd{rf/L 5g\ eg] ;z:q k|x/Ldf
#) xhf/eGbf a9L sd{rf/Lx? 5g\ .
;fwg;| f ] t sf] sdL / sdhf] /
Joj:yfkgsf sf/0f /fli6o cg';Gwfg
ljefusf] cf}lrTo g} gePsf] eGg] ul/P
klg dGqfnon] To;sf] ;'wf/sf nflu
5'} sfo{ljlw agfpg nfu]sf] 5 .
u[x;lrj l3ld/]n] /fli6o cg';Gwfg
ljefusf] k|efjsfl/tf a9fpg tof/
OlG6lnh]G; kf]ln;L cg'df]bgsf nflu
dlGqkl/ifb\df k]; eO;s]sf] klg atfP .
l3ld/]sf cg';f/ u[x dGqfnon] ;'/Iff
k|zf;g ;'wf/sf nflu ^ dlxgfcl3
Ps}rf]l6 ljleGg %& ljifodf yfn]sf]
cWoog nueu k"/f x'g nfu]sf] / s]xLsf]
d:of}bf;d]t tof/ eO;s]sf 5g\ eg]
s]xLsf] d:of}bf tof/ x'bF } 5g\ . u[x
dGqfnon] tof/ u/]sf u'08f lgoGq0f
P]g, dxfgu/Lo k|x/L P]g, a]jfl/;] xltof/
tyf lj:kmf]6s kbfy{ Joj:yfkg
P]gnufotsf] d:of}bf cg'df]bgsf nflu
dlGqkl/ifb\df k7fO;s]sf] 5 .

dfcf]
jfbL ===
5fkfdf/ o'4df hfg] gLlt gePsf]
af/] cfk"m :ki6 ePsf] atfpg'eof] .
gofF lgjf{rgsf] af6f] af6} ;d:ofsf]
;dfwfg vf]Hgsf] lglDt dfcf]jfbL
kf6L{nfO{ cg'/f]w klg ug{'eof] /
pxfFxn] cfk"mx g]kfnsf] zflGt /
nf]stGq k|fKt ug]{ cleofgnfO{
;dy{g ul//xg] / Pp6f ;d'Ggt
g]kfnsf] rfxgf /fv]sf] s'/f :ki6
kfg{e
' of] .

dxfg\===

cj;/jfbaf6 g]kfnL sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ng

clhof;sf] ta]nf sf] kmf]x/n] k"/} sfd
gnfUg] eO;s]sf] lyof] . To:tf] a]nf
g]kfnL sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngdf clhof;sf]
ta]nf ;kmf ug{ tTsflng g]kfn
sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_ qmflGtsf/L
xs'n{ ;sf] e"ldsf k"/f ug{ dxfg hgo'4
tof/Ldf hfg] k|lta4tf JoQm uof] .
h'g @)%! ;fn kmfNu'g @ b]lv $
ut];Dd uf]/vfdf a;]sf] t]>f] lj:tfl/t
a}7sn] hgo'4df hfg] g]kfnL gofF
hgjfbL qmflGt /fhgLlts tyf kmf}hL
sfo{lbzf kfl/t u/]sf] lyof] . To;kl5
@)%@ ;fn c;f/df a;]sf] dfcf]jfbLsf]
s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7sn] dxfg hgo'4sf
nflu rf/ cfwf/ / rf/ tof/L h:tf
P]ltxfl;s hgo'4sf] klxnf] of]hgf kfl/t
ub}{ sfddf nfUg ;Dk"0f{ kf6L{ k+lQmnfO{
lgb]z
{ g klg uof] . xfdLnfO{ s] s'/fsf]
ofb 5 eg] To;} qmddf dfcf]jfbL
hgo'4 ;+rfng ug{ lsg cfjZos 5 <

sf= lh= k|= sf= b= g+= !^#@)^#^$

o;sf] nIo s] x'g] < dfcf]jfbL lsg
aGb's p7fpFb} 5 < lsg hgjfbL qmflGt
cfjZos 5 < of] nufot tdfd
;jfnx?sf] hjfkm klg g]skf dfcf]jfbL_ n] hgo'4sf] P]ltxfl;s
kxnsf nflu ;}4flGts k|lta4tfx?
gfd lbP/ & a'bF ] k|lta4ftfx? JoQm
u/]sf] lyof] / To;sf] l7s * dlxgfkl5
dfcf]jfbLn] dxfg hgo'4sf] z'?jft
u/]sf] lyof] . h;n] ;a}vfn] ;+zf]wgjfbL,
k|ltlqmofjfbLx?sf] :ju{df 7"nf] e'Or
F fnf]
NofOlbPsf] lyof] . clg qmflGtsf/L
hgtf, ljZjsf efOrf/fx?df dxfg
qmflGtk|ltsf] cfzf / pT;fxsf] ;+rf/
k}bf ul/ lbPsf] lyof] .
;a}nfO{ 1fg ePs} s'/f xf] . dxfg
hgo'4 g]kfndf bz jif{;Dd ;+rfng
eof] . dxfg hgo'4 ;du| o'4 lyof] .
To;n] g]kfnL ;dfhsf] cfly{s,
;fdflhs, ;fF:s[lts k|lqmofnfO{ ;d]6s
] f]
lyof] . bz jif{;Dd ;+rfng ePsf] pQm
dxfg hgo'4sf] k|lqmofdf 5fkfdf/ b:tf
x'bF } hgldlnl;ofsf] lgdf{0fs} k|lqmofaf6
rLgdf ;g\ !( !(&^ ;]K6]Da/ ( df
sd/]8 dfcf]T;]t' sf] lgwg kZrft
ljZjsDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngd} ;a}eGbf 7"nf]
/ zlQmzfnL tyf j}1flgs lbdfu /
xftx/ ePsf] hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfnsf]
lgdf{0f ul/Psf] lyof] / h'g ;ftf}+
l8lehg ;Dd ljsf; x'g k'us
] f] lyof] .
g]kfnsf clwsf+z u|fdL0f e"efux?df
cfwf/ Onfsfx?sf] lgdf{0f ul/Psf]
lyof] . gofF hg;Qf / hgcbfntx?
lgdf{0f u/]/ ;+rfngdf NofOPsf] lyof] .
hg;/sf/x? lgdf{0f u/]/ k'/fgf]
/fHo;Lt ;dfGt/ ;/sf/ ;d]t ;+rfng
x'g k'us
] f] lyof] / d'ns
' sf] s/Lj *)
k|ltzt e" efu g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf]
sAhfdf cfO;s]sf] lyof] . dxfg
hgo'4s} qmddf g]kfnL cfdfsf b;f}
xhf/ c;n 5f]/f5f]/Lx?n] hLjg pT;u{
u/]/ dxfg ;xLbx?sf] sf]6Ldf nfda4
x'g k'us
] f lyP . xhf/f}n
+ fO{ tTsflng
/fHon] Hofg j]kQf kf/]sf] lyof] hf]
cfh;Dd ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] 5}g .
xhf/f}s
+ f] ;+Vofdf 3fOt] / ckf kfl/Psf]
lyof] . / o;}sf] kl/0ffd :j?k @$)
jif{bl] v zf;g ub}{ cfPsf] zfx j+zLo
;fdGtL /fhtGqfTds /fHoJoj:uyfsf]
cGTo u/]/ nf]stflGqs u0ftGq cyf{t\
j'hj{ ' f k"h
F LjfbL u0ftGqfTds Joj:yfsf]
:yfkgf x'g k'us
] f] xf] .
lj8Dagf zflGt k|lqmofdf cfpg]
k|lqmof;Fu} dxfg hgo'4sf] d'Vo g]tT[ j
ub}{ cfPsf] k'ik sdn bfnxf k|r08 /
8f= afa'/fd e/fO{df ;}4flGts ljrng
cfof] / To;sf] k/fsfi7fsf] ?kdf k'u/]
gj;+zf]wgjfbdf ktg x'g k'Uof] . To;
kZrft k| r 08 afa' / fdn]
;fd|fHojfbLx? / lj:tf/jfbLx? d"ntM
ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbLx?sf ;fd' ndk;f/
kb}{ ;qfdf k'Ug / l6sLx/gsf lglDt
ltg} ljb] z L dxfk| e ' x ?sf ;fd'
cfTd;dk{0f ug{ k'u/] dxfg\ hgo'4
yfngL ug]{ a]nf kf6L{f/f k|ltj4tf hfx]/
ul/Psf & a'bF ] k|lta4tfx?nfO{ nTofpFb,}
g]kfnL qmflGtk|lt u4f/L ug{ k'us
] f] g]kfnL
qmflGtsf] em08fnfO{ af6}df nTofP/
qmflGtb]lv efu]sf] / d'lQmsfdL g]kfnL
hgtf / cfd sfo{stf{x?nfO{ wf]sf lbFb}
k|ltlqmofjfbL SofDkdf ;fd]n x'g k'us
] f]
s'/f ;j{ljlbt} 5 . To; kZrft
dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ leqsf qmflGtsf/Lx?n]
gj;+zf]wgjfb;Lt ;DaGwljR5]b u/]/
g]kfnL qmflGtsf afFsL sfo{ef/x? k"/f
ug]{ p2]Zosf ;fy gofF 9+usf] qmflGtsf/L
sDo'lgi6 g]skfdfcf]jfbLsf] k'gu{7g
ul/;s] k l5 g] k fnL sDo' l gi6
cfGbf]ngsf] qmfGtsf/L wf/f leq /
efOrf/f zlQmx?sf aLrdf qmflGtk|ltsf]
cfzf / pT;fx k'gM hfu[t x'g k'Uof] .
Tolx qmddf g]skfdfcf]jfbLn] ut
dlxgf dfq cfkm\gf] P]ltxfl;s ;ftf}+
dxflwj]zgaf6 hgo'4sf] hutdf
hgljb|fx] gfd lbOPsf] g]kfnL gofF
hgjfbL qmflGtsf] jt{dfg sfo{lbzf
kfl/t u/] kZrft ;a} v fn]
;+zf]wgjfbLx? / k|ltlqmofjfbLx?sf]
:ju{df k'gM 7"nf] e'Or
F fnf] NofOlbPsf]
5 . / ;a}vfn] ;+zf]wgjfbLx? /
k|ltlqmofjfbLx? Pp6} lsQfdf Psh'6
x'bF 5} g\ . / oxL kmfNu'g ! ut]bl] v g]skf
dfcf]jfbLn] hgjfb, hghLljsf, /fli6o
:jflwgtf nufotsf hg;/f]sf/sf
Ph]08f ;lxt ;zQm 9+un] hgk|lt/f]
cfGbf]ng ;+rfng ug]{ lg0f{o ;fj{hlgs

eP kZrft ;a}vfn] ;+zf]wgjfbL /

k|ltlqmofjfbLx?sf] SofDkdf x'g k'g 7"nf]
:s]nsf] e'sDk k}bf ePsf] 5 .
g]skfdfcf]jfbLn] hgo'4sf]
hudf hgljb|fx] sf] sfo{lbzf kfl/t
u/] kZrft sfo{lbzfljlxg x'g k'us
] f]
Pdfcf] j fbLn] cfkm\ g f ;Dk" 0 f{
k|ltqmflGtsf/L Ph]08fx?nfO{ cg'df]bg
u/fpFb} / Pdfn]eGbf klg cem}+ lgs[i6
?kdf tn lu/]/ a'hj{' f ;'wf/jfbL,
k'h
F LjfbL Pj+ v|Z' r]eklGy cfw'lgs
;+zf]wgjfbL sfo{lbzf kfl/t ub}{ e/v/}
x]6f}8+ f dxflwj]zg kms]s
{ f] 5 . o;n]
g]kfnL qmflGtsf] af6f]nfo{ ;kmf / ;lhnf]
agfOlbPfs] 5 lsgls gj;+zf]wgjfbdf
ktg eO;s]sf k|r08 afa'/fdx?n]
qmflGt / ljb|fx] sf rsf{ gf/fx? lbP/
hgtfnfO{ e|ddf kfl//x]sf lyP / g]kfnL
qmflGtsf] g]tT[ j k|r08 afa'/fd afx]s
c?n] ug{ ;Qm}gg\ eGg] h'g e|d
km}nfOP/ g]kfnL qmflGtsf] af6f]df h'g
clhof;sf] ta]nf em}+ kmf]x/ t'NofPsf
lyP, Tof] kmf]x/ k|r08 afa'/fd cfkm}n]
x]6f}8+ faf6 ;kmf ug]{ af6f] vf]nL lbPkl5
qmflGtsf/L dfcf]jfbLx?nfO{ g]kfnL goff
hgjfbL qmflGtnfO{ ljhosf] lbzflt/
cufl8 a9fpg af6f] ;kmf ePsf] 5,
;lhnf] ePsf] 5 .
oBlk gj;+zf]wgjfbLx?n] dxfg
hgo'4n] lgdf{0f u/]sf] hgd'lQm ;]gf,
cfwf/ Ofnsfx?, hg;Qf, hgcbfnt
/ hg;/sf/ nufot ;Dk"0f{ ;+/rgfx?
sfg'gL ?kdf eTsfP/ vf/]h ul/ ;s]sf]
ePtf klg xfdL ca ToxL dxfg
hgo'4x?sf] hudf 6]s/] hgljb|fx]
dfkm{t g]kfnL qmflGt ;DkGg ug]{ Ps
P]ltxfl;s df]8df cfOk'us
] f 5f}+ .
gj;+zf]wgjfbLx?n] hgo'4sf ;Dk"0f{
;+/rgfx? Wj:t kfl/;s]sf] cjj:yfdf
s;/L hgo'4sf] hudf hgljb|fx] ;kmn
x'G5 < dfcf]jfbLn] of] s] sfo{lbzf kfl/t
u/]sf] xf] / o;af6 s;/L g]kfnL qmflGt
;DkGg x'G5 eGg] k|Zgx? klg p7\g]
u/]sf 5g\ . jf:tljstf s] xf] eg]
g]kfnL gofF hgjfbL qmflGtsf] hu eg]s}
dxfg hgo'4 g} xf] . hgo'4sf] hu
eg]sf] To;af6 k|fKt 1fg g} xf] . xfdLn]
hgo'4sf] qmdfd h'g hgd'lQm ;]gfsf]
lgdf{0f u/]sf lyof}, cfwf/ Onfsfx?sf
lgdf{0f u/]sf lyof}, gofF hg;Qf /
hgcbfntx? lgdf{0f u/]sf lyof}+ /
To;af6 h'g hftLo, If]qLo, n}l+ us,
dlxnf, blnt, lk5l8Psf] hghflt,
d'l:nd cflbdf h'g r]tgfsf] pRr
ljsf; eof], Tof] g} hgo'4sf] hu x'g\ .
cGt/ /fli6o efOrf/f kf6L{x?;Fusf]
;DaGw, xhf/f}s
+ f] alnbfg, 3fOt], ckf,
a]kQfx?sf] Tofu, h;n] r]tgfsf] cfwf/
pRr ?kdf v8f x'g k'us
] f] 5, hgo'4sf]
cfwf/ eg]sf] g} To;af6 k|fKt 1fg,
cg'ej xf] . oL ;a} rLh xfdLl;t 5g\ .
oL rLhx? g} dxfg hgo'4sf hu
x'g\ . log} lrhx?sf] ;+/If0f ub}{ / c?
j}1flgs 9+un] ljsf; / ;+Zn]if0f ub}{
g]kfnL qmflGtnfO{ ljhosf] lbzflt/
a9fpg' kb{5 eGg] sfo{lbzf g} hgo'4sf]
hudf hgljb|fx] elgPsf] xf] . k'/fgf
rLhx?n] dfq ;a} s'/fsf] k|fKtL x'g
;Qm}g gofF oL rLhsf] lgdf{0f / ljsf;
ug{ cfjZos x'G5 . Tof] eg]sf] gofF
9+usf] qmflGtsf/L sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf]
lgdf{0f, hg;]gfsf] lgdf{0f, ;+o'Qm
/fhgLlts df]rf{ cflb elgPsf] xf] .
qmflGtsf/L kf6L{ g]skfdfcf]jfbL lgdf{0f
ul/;s]sf 5f}+ . qmflGtsf/L ljrf/
xfdLl;t} 5 . xfdLn] hgd'lQm ;]gfsf]
lgdf{0f, ;+o'Qm df]rf{sf] lgdf{0f /
cfjZostf cg';f/ cGo ;+/rgfx?
lgdf{0f u/]/ g]kfnL gofF hgjfbL qmflGt
k"/f ug]{ k|ltj4tf hfx]/ ul/;s]sf 5f}+ .
of] P]ltxfl;s sfo{ef/ k"/f ug]{
lhDdf xfdL dfcf]jfbL qmflGtsf/Lx?sf]
sfFwdf cfPsf] 5 . qmflGtsf] af6f] ;f]emf]
/]vfaf6 cuf8L a9\g ;Qm}g . jf
l6f 3'dfp/f] tyf sl7g / cgluGtL
ck7\of/fx? alnbfg, of]ubfgx? k|fKt
u/]/ dfq cufl8 a9\5 . Oltxf;n]
;'Dk]sf] of] P]ltxfl;s bfloTj k"/f ug{
xfdLn] k'gM 7"nf] alnbfg / of]ubfgsf]
;fdgf ug'k{ g]{ 5 . dxfg hgo'4n]
l;sfPsf] kf7 klg oxL g} xf] . dxfg\
hgo'4sf] o; P]ltxfl;s !*cf}+ hgo'4
lbj; eJo ?kdf dgfO/x]sf] of] dxfg\
cj;/df xfdLn] To; hgo'4sf] ;du|
d"Nofg, ;ldIff ug{ h?/L 5 .
hgo'4sf pknlAwx?, sdLsdhf]/Lx?

/fatOfc t]u #! gu
' fmk nf; (^)@
/rgfxn] snff/f ;dfhsf]
k|wfgGofowLznfO{=== pgsf
;]jf ePsf] 5 . pgn] l/j]n ckm

cfhsf] d'Vo ax; M rf/ bnsf] ;+j}wflgs x}l;ot s] <

lji0f' kGt
;+ljwfg;efnfO{ d'Vo elgPsf slyt rf/ bn, /fi6klt, k|wfgdGqL
/ ;jf]R{ r cbfnt ldn]/ vfP . ;+ljwfg;efsf] lj36g klg ug]{ clg
k'/fg} ;+ljwfg;efleqs} x}l;ot vf]lh/xg], bfbflul/ b]vfO/fVg] / l;lG8s]6 sfod
ul//xg] k|jl[ Q clxn]sf] /fli6o ;+s6sf] d"n sf/0f xf] . csf]{ b[li6af6 x]bf{ lxhf]sf]
;a} 7"nf bnx ljeflht 5g eGg] 3fdhlQs} 5n{ tYonfO{ 5f]Kg vf]lhPsf] 5
/ ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg rf/ bnaf6 dfq ug]{ b':;fx; ul/Psf] 5 . xfn} dfq
k|wfgGofowLzsf] cWoIftfdf r'gfjL ;/sf/ agfpg] lg0f{onfO{ pTs[if{df k'ofOPsf]
5 / Tof] lg0f{onfO{ r'gf}tL lbg] bnxsf] w|j' Ls/0f klg pTs[if{lt/ g} k'Ub}5 . olb
of] w|j' Ls/0f a9\b} uof] eg] b]zdf km]l/ b'Oj{ 6f ;Qf aGg] lglZrt 5 . rf/ bn t
Gjf/fgb]lv g} c;kmn 5Fb} lyP, Tof] c;kmnxsf] ;"lrdf /fi6klt / k|wfgGofowLz
klg ylkg] lglZrt 5 . ljb]zLxsf] x:tIf]k:jk cg'df]bg ul/Psf] of] k|:tfj
w]/} sf/0fn] c;kmn x'g5
] . klxnf] t of] k|:tfj c;+jw} flgs / c/fhgLlts 5 .
;+ljwfgsf] ;+zf]wg gu/L of] k|:tfjn] j}wtf kfpg ;Sb}g . ;+ljwfgsf] ;+zf]wg ug]{
Joj:yflksf ;+;b\ 5}g . o:tf] c:yfdf s]xL bnxn] dfq u/]sf] l;kmfl/;nfO{
j}wflgs dfGg ;lsFbg} . ctM cGtl/d ;+ljwfg @)^# nfO{ xr'jfsf] e/df s]xL
bnxnfO{ ljb]zLxsf] bafadf t}F r'k d} r'k agfP/ ul/g] ;+zf]wgnfO{ sbflk
:jLsfg{ ;lsFbg} . rf/ bndWo]sf klg Pdfn] / sfFu;] | leq cNkdtdf /x]sf] of]
k|:tfj cfkm}dF f cfTd3ftL ;fljt x'g] lglZrt 5 .
bf];f| ] s'/f of] lg0f{o zlQm k[ysLs/0f jf zlQm;Gt'ngsf] ;fj{ef}d l;4fGtljk/Lt
5 . sfo{kflnsf / Joj:yflksfsf] k|dv
' Pp6} JolQm x'g ;Sb}gg\ . Tof] klg
Joj:yflksf gePsf] cj:yfdf t ;/sf/sf tLgj6} cnfO{ sAhf ug]{ Pp6}
JolQm x'gh
] :tf] csNkgLo / czf]egLo cj:yf x'g hfG5 . o;af6 zlQm
k[ysLs/0fsf] l;4fGt g} k"0f{ c;kmn x'G5 . o:tf] cnf]stflGqs / c/fhgLlts
k|:tfj lsg cd]l/sf, o'/f]lkog o'lgog / ef/tsf] tkm{af6 cfof] eGg] s'/f
;dLIffof]Uo 5 . sfg'gL /fHosf] b'xfO{ lbg] /fi6xsf] c;nL lgot o;af6 k|:t
ePsf] 5 . t];f| ] s'/f of] lg0f{oa6 ax'bnLo jf bnLo Joj:yfsf] l;4fGt / dd{dfly
k|xf/ ePsf] 5 . of] lg0f{o sfof{Gjog eO{ glh/sf] kdf ljsl;t eof] eg] o;}
g]kfnh:tf ul/a jf ljsf;f]Gd'v b]zxdf bnLo Joj:yf c;kmn x'g5] . eljiosf]
nflu klg of] olt ;+jb] gzLn ljifo xf] ls bnxaLr dgd'6jf eof] ls cbfntnfO{
u'xfg'k{ g]{ /f]u nfUg]5 . xfd|fh
] :tf] b]zdf w]/h
} ;f] bn / bnsf g]tfx sxLF g sxLF
ljb]zLxaf6 k|eflt / ;~rflnt 5g\ . o:tf] c:yfdf ljleGg vfn] ljb]zL
:jfy{x xfd|f g]tfxdfkm{t\ 6Ss/fpg] cj:yf /lx/xg]5 . /fli6o ;xdltsf]
af6f]df sf]xL hfg grfxg] c:yf 5 . ctM of] sbd eljiosf nflu emg\ a9L
r'gf}tLk"0f{ / vt/gfs glh/ aGg] lglZrt 5 . of] /fhgLlts bnxsf] cIfdtf
xf] . of] 7"nf7fn' / ;fdGtL g]tfxsf] ljjs]zG" otf xf] . g]kfnsf bnxnfO{
c;kmn ;fljt ug],{ g]tfxnfO{ ckdfg ug]{ / kl/0ffd:jk /fi6nfO{ g} c;kmn
agfpg] lgof]lht if8\oGqaf6 o:tf] k|:tfj NofOPsf] 5 . To;}n] rf}yf] s'/f of] lg0f{o
/fi63ftL 5 . ljb]zLxsf] qmL8f:yn agfOPsf] 5 . ;/sf/ agfpg] / lu/fpg]
v]ndf ljb]zL zlQms]Gb|xsf] n8fOFnfO{ :yflkt ul/g]5 . k|wfg GofowLznfO{
k|wfgdGqL agfpg] lg0f{o rLg lj/f]wL cGt/f{li6o cGt/G a9\of] eg], To;n] xfd|f]
/fli6otf emg} ;+s6df km:g]5 . xfdL rfx]/ klg Tof] Gaf6 plDsg c;dy{ x'g]
5f}F . kfFrf}F s'/f o;n] sfg'gL /fHosf] pkxf; u/]sf] 5 . rf/ bnn] eg]kl5 h] klg
x'g] c/fhstfsf] ;+:yfut ljsf; x'g5
] . rf/ bnnfO{ ;+ljwfg / sfg'geGbf dfly
/fVg'kg]{ csf]{ vfnsf] lg/\sz
' sf] ljsf; x'g5
] . rf/ bnaLr c;xdlt x'bF f jf
w|j' Ls/0f x'bF f dfq sfg'g jf ;+ljwfgsf] kfngf ug'k{ g]{ cGoyf h] u/] klg x'g]
cj:yf cfpg]5 . csf]{ zAbdf rf/ bnsf] ;xdlt g} sfg'g jf ;+ljwfg aGg]
cj:yfnfO{ lsdfy{ :jLsfg{ ;lsFbg} . rf/ bnn] d'G6f] xNnfpgf;fy afwf, c8\sfp
k'msfpg] clg c? bnsf] x}l;ot g} gx'g] of] k/Dk/fnfO{ tf]8g\ k} 5{ .
kfFrf}F s'/f k|wfgGofowLznfO{ k|wfgdGqL agfpg] s'/f rf/ bnLo g]tfxsf]
kfunkg jf afnfkg xf] . pgLx klg y]Ug} g;Sg] bafasf sf/0f ;xdt x'g
afWo kfl/Psf] rrf{ rln/x]s} 5 . o;af6 Ps k|sf/sf] cft+s jf qf;sf] kbf{kmf;
ePsf] 5 . Ps k|sf/sf] ckx/0fsf] z}nLaf6 g]tfx?nfO{ afWo kfl/Psf] ;dfrf/
cfPsf 5g\ . wDsLsf cfwf/df ;dy{g ul/Psf s'/fx aflx/ cfPsf 5g\ . ctM
olb rf/ bnsf g]tfx kfun eP eGb}df o;nfO{ ;a}n] :jLsfg'k{ 5{ eGg] 5}g .
bafa cfPkl5 h] klg ug]{ g]tfxaf6 b]z / hgtfsf] lxt x'g ;Sb}g .
Au:5}7f}F s'/f n8fOF k|wfgdGqLdf dfq /x]5, dGqLxdf t afF8Lr'8F L vfg]
efuj08f ldNbf/x]5 eGg] tYo pmhfu/ ePsf] 5 . k|wfgdGqLdf rflxF k|wfg
GofowLz /xg] t/ dGqLxdf eg] bnLo g]tfx g} /xg] ;xdlt ePsf] 5 .
o;n] s] b]vfpF5 eg] ;/sf/df a:g] bnxn] r'gfjdf ;Qfsf] b'kof]u u/L
r'gfj lhTg] s'lT;t ;kgf dfq g]tfxdf ePsf] b]lvG5 . ;ftf}F s'/f ;]gf, k|x/L
/ sd{rf/L klg of] lg0f{oaf6 t/lt ag]sf] 5 . ;]gfsf] k|wfg;]gfklt, k|x/Lsf]
cfOlhkL / sd{rf/Lxsf] d'Vo ;lrjnfO{ klg k|wfgdGqL aGg kfP x'GYof] eGg]
cfsf+Iff a9fOlbPsf] 5 . o;sf] kl/0ffd:jk k|wfg;]gfkltn] t 3'dfp/f]
kf/fdf cfgf] wf/0ff cleJoQm ul/;Ps]sf 5g\ . k|wfgGofowLz k|wfgdGqL x'g
ldN5 eg] k|wfg;]gfkltrflxF lsg gldNg] < cfOlhkL jf d'Vo ;lrjrflxF lsg
gldNg] < o:tf] unt cfsf+IffnfO{ a9fpFb} hfFbf cGttM b]z ;}Go zf;gtkm{
lgb]l{ zt x'g5
] . a?, k|wfg GofowLznfO{ eGbf sd{rf/LnfO{ r'gfjL ;/sf/sf]
g]tT[ j ug]{ lhDdf lbPsf] eP s]xL ljj]s ;xL x'GYof] . o;} klg b]z sd{rf/Ln]
rnfO/fv]sf 5g\ . d'Vo ;lrjnfO{ k|wfgdGqL / ;lrjxnfO{ dGqL agfPsf]
eP a? s]xL ;xh x'GYof] ls < olb bnx c;kmn eO;s]sf x'g eg] a? of]
lg0f{o jf ljsNkdf uP s;f] xf]nf <
ctM lgisif{df s] s'/f ;xL xf] eg] ;+ljwfgsf] ;+zf]wg gu/L lgsf; lgl:sFbg} .
;+ljwfgsf] ;+zf]wg ug]{ Joj:yflksf 5}g . o:tf] cj:yfdf afwf, c8\sfp, k'msfpsf]
s'/f ul/Psf] 5 . bnLo ;xdlt a]u/ of] klg ;Dej 5}g . bnLo ;xdltsf] cy{
rf/ bnsf] dfq ;xdlt lsdfy{ dfGg ;lsFbg} . ;a}eGbf ;xh lgsf; xf]
;j{kIfLo uf]nd]r ;ef, /fli6o ;+oQ' m ;/sf/ / hgtfsf] ;+ljwfg . of] g} clxn]sf]
;'N6f] lgsf; xf], ;'N6f]nfO{ 5f8]/ p;Nf] lgsf; vf]Hg] bnx / ltgsf g]tfx
hgtfsf] s73/fdf pleg'kg]{ 5 . hlt g} ax; u/] klg ;+jw} flgs / sfg'gL
lx;fan] lgsf; lgl:sg ;Sb}g . lgsf;sf nflu /fhgLlts lg0f{o clgjfo{ 5 .
/fhgLlts lg0f{o of t 7"nf7"nf hgcfGbf]ng, qmflGtaf6 ul/G5 of t ;j{kIfLo
uf]nd]r ;ef, ;Dd]ngaf6 . /, Tof]afx]ssf] t];f| ] ljsNk klg 5, Tof] xf], h+uL
zf;g . of] tLgj6f ljsNkeGbf aflx/af6 lgsf; lgsfNg vf]Hg b'36{ gf lgDTofpg'
dfq xf] . b]znfO{ l:y/tf xf]Og, cl:y/tflt/, zflGt xf]Og, czflGtlt/ / ;xdlt
xf]Og Glt/ ws]Ng' dfq x'g5
] , ;a}nfO{ r]tgf eP /fd|f] .
bishnupantha010@gmail.com
;d]t x/ If]qsf] j}1flgs 9+un] ;ldIff
u/]/ To;af6 k|fKt lzIffnfO{ cfTd;fy
ub}{ g]kfnL qmflGtnfO{ ljhosf] lzv/df
k'ofpg] k|ltj4tf hfx]/ u/]/ dfq
xfdLn] of] dxfg\ hgo'4 lbj; dgfPsf]
;fy{stf /xg]5 . lsgls g]kfnL

sDo' l gi6 cfGbf] n gdf ljutsf]

Oltxf;sf] h'g Jofh vfg] k/Dk/f 5
To;nfO{ g tf]8;
] Dd qmflGtsf/Lx? k|lt
hgtfsf] ljZjf; sfod /xg] ;Defjgf
/xFbg} .
www.hastkc.blogspot.com

k|sfzs tyf ;Dkfbs M /fh]Gb|k|;fb lrdf}l/of, sfof{no M yfkfufpF, sf7df8f}F, df]afOn M (*$!$)#*%!,
E-mail : chhepyastra@gmail.com,website: www.janakhabar.com sDKo'6/ tyf d'bs
| M lwDn] ckm;]6 k|;
] , b]jLgu/, kmf]gM $$^$!%%