.

.
12
.
5 10
.

2020

10

40 .

45

90

.
650
.

Mental Illnesses

:
:
:

esaakhi@gmail.com

:
:

2012
1000

:
:

Dr Kartar Lal
)M B B S, MCPS (Psych
Psychiarist, Canada
1

.
071-5623338, 071-5622251.
)Name of book: Mental Illnesses ( Sindhi
Writer: Dr Kartar Lal
Financial Support:
Dr Kartar Lal Professional Corp. Canada.
2



Mental Illnesses (Sindhi) is an humble
effort by author & Dr. Kartar Lal Professional
Corp. Canada to promote Awareness about
Mental Health amongst people of Sindh,
Pakistan and Sindhis living all over the World.

.9

)(
Depression

102

. 10

11

.1

14

21

Health,Mental Health & Public Opinion

.2

35

Types of Mental Illnesses and Cuases

.3

) (

48

Anxiety
.4

50

Anxiety Disorders
.5

51

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

.6

61

Panic Disorder
.7

)(

66

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

.8

)(

81

Post Natal Depression

. 11

108

Depression in Children
. 12

113

) (
Hysteria or Conversion Disorder

. 13

120

)(
Epilepsy

. 14

137

Headache

. 15

146

Stress

. 16

153

Insomnia

. 17

)(

159

Psychosis
. 18

163

Acute Psychosis
. 19

166

Recurrent Psychosis/Bipolar Disorder/Manic and Depressive illness

Phobia
5

98

. 20

)( 178

. 31

Schizophrenia /Chronic Psychosis

. 21

Anti Psychotics
188

. 32

Perpeural Psychosis
. 22

192

. 33

196

. 34

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)(

198

. 35

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E.C.T

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204

Mental Retardation
. 26

221

Personality Disorders
. 27

237

Drug Addiction

. 28

247

Methods of Treatment

. 29

) (

250

Anti Depressants
. 30

278

Psychotherepy

Dementia
. 25

271

Lithium Therapy

Organic Psychosis
. 24

) ( 268
Depot Injection

Drug Psychosis
. 23

264

259

Benzodizapines

283





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W.H.O
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Drug Addiction
Bipolar Disorder
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HEALTH, MENTAL HEALTH

& PUBLIC OPINION

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World Health Organization

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.

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Psychotherapy .

.14
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Neuro Transmitters .

Psychology/ Psychiarty/ Neurology / Neuro Surgery

M. A
MBBS
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Psychologist

Psychology

.

.

.
31

Psychiarty

Psychiarty

.

.


.
32


Change in Neuro Transmitters
.

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Depression Psychosis
Dementia
Epilepsy Hysteria
.

Psychiartist

.
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Neurology

.



.

33

Structural Change Disease Damage

.
Brain Tumor

Meningitis .

Neuro Physician Neurologist

.
Neuro Surgery
.
Neuro Surgery
.
Structural Change
.
Head Injury
Brain Tumor
.

Neuro Surgeon .

34

. 2

TYPES AND CAUSES OF

MENTAL ILLNESSES

.


.
.

.
.



.




.
35

.


.
.
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.
.

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.1
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.2
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.3 ) ( )(Dementia
.4
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.5 )( )(Epilepsy
.6 )(Drug Addiction
36

.7 )(Psychosexual

.8

)(Hysteria/Conversion Disorders

)(Organic Mental ilnesses

) (Acute Stress reaction

.9 )(Personality Disorders

.1




.
.
.
.
.

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)(Depressive disorders

)(
)(Anxiety disorders

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37

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)(Psychosis

.2



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.

.

.

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38


: .
.

.

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39

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.



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.


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.

40

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.


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.

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.

41

42


.


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) (Depression ) (Psychosis .
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Organic Mental Illnesses .
.
)(Menengitis/Encephlitis

)(Head Injury
)(Anaemia
)(Brain Tumor

.
.

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)(Drug withdrawl

(Chemical Imbalances) :
.1

43

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44


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45

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Physical & Emotional abuse.
46

Child labour

Sexual abuse

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Law & Order

.




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47

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ANXIETY DISORDERS

.
.



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48

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ANXIETY DISORDERS
Anxiety
Anxiety
Disorders .
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Generalized Anxiety Disorder

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) (3 Phobic Disorder
) (4
Panic Attacks

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

) (5
Social Anxiety Disorder

) (6
)(Agaro Phobia
) (7 )(Acute Stress Disorder
) (8

)(Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

49

50

 .5

GENERALIZED ANXIETY
DISORDER
26 .
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52



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Generalized Anxiety disorder .
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)(1
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) (3 .
) (4 )(Restlessness
) (5 )(Fast Heart rate
53

) (6 )(Feeling of impending doom

.
) (7
)(Irritability
) (8 )(Fear of dying
)(9 )(Difficulty in concentration
) (10 )(Sleep distrubance
) (11 )(Chest pain
) (12 )(Loss of appetite
) (13 )(Loss of energy
) (14 )(Rise in blood pressure

) (15 .
) (16
.



.

.
.



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.
54

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.
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.
.

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:
.
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)(4

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.

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.


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.

.

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) (2 Excess Thyroid Secretion.
) (3 Anaemia.
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55

56

)(Comorbidity
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) (2 )(Panic Attacks
) (3
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.
) (1

.
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.

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57

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Stress .
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58

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Yoga Meditation .
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) (1 )(Anxiolytics

Benzodiazapines

.

.

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.


.
Antidepressant SSRI
59

.
Anxiety SSRI .
.
SSRI .

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SSRI Side Effects
.

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.




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60

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PANIC DISORDER / PANIC

ATTACKS

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.

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) (3
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House Bound,House wife Syndrome

61

62

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.
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) (2
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) (3 )(Generalized Anxiety Disorder

) (4 )(Mitral Valve Prolapse

.


.
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) (2 )(Pharmaco therapy
63

)(Psycho therapy

) (1

.

.
.
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.

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.




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) (2

.
)(Benzodiazapines

.
64



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SSRI

.

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OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE
DISORDER
(

)(Obsession
) (Compulsion .
.

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) (Compulsion .

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65

66

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68

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70

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.

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:



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.

71

.
.
Behavior Therapy
Pharmaco Therapy
Psycho Therapy

.A

Behavior therapy
72



.
.
)( I
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)(II )(Thought Stopping
) (III
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response prevention.
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Compulsion Response
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73

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74

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100 .


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)(Serotonin NeuroTransmitter
.
)(Anti Depressant Drugs .
.
)(Serotonin Imbalance .
.


.
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75

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78

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.

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80

.8

PHOBIA

Situation


Phobia .

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Phobia

Simple Phobia
.1

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81

.

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AgoraPhobia

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House Bound
House Wife Syndrome
.

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82

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Aids .

. .

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83

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Management


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.
.
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.

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. .

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85

86


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DEPRESSION

35 .
10 .
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88

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POST NATAL DEPRESSION

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Behavior Problems




110

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Behavior Problems
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112

.12

CONVERSION DISORDER

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113

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117

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( EPILEPSY

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119

120

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122

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123

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. 2 )(Heriditary
. 3 :
) (Menengitis .
. 4 )(Head Injury
.5 )(Brain Tumor
.6 )(Cerebro Vascular Accident
.7 .
)(Electrolyte Imbalance

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124


Psychosis

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125

126

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Menengitis
Brain Tumor .

.
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.

.

.

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.

.

Side effects of Anti Epileptics

.
127

128

.
.
.
.
. .

EEG

CT Scan

.

.


EEG .
.
Electro Encephalography
.
ECG .

Brain Tumor
.
CT Scan
.
.
.

129

130




.


.



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.


.

.

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.
Febrile Fits .

131

.
.

.

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Breath Holding Attacks

132

 . .


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.



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133

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134



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Anti Epileptics

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135

136

.

.

.

.
.

. 14

HEADACHE

.

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)(Meningitis .
.


.
.


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.

137

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.

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138

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Muscles
.

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.
.
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)(Psycho Therapy or Talk Therapy
) (3 )(Yoga

139

140

) (4
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Anti

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141

142

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) (2 )(Prophylactic Treatment
)(Abortive Treatment
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.
Tryptans

.


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Migraine

143

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.

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144



.
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. 15

STRESS

.


.

Stress

.
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Response of body to stress

. .

Nor Adrenaline

145

146



.
.
:

.

.

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.

.

.

Alcohol .

.

.
147

.

.
.
.
(Stress Management) .

.
.




.

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.

.
148

)(2

.

.


.



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)(3

149

.

)
(
Adopt / Adjust .
.

.
.

)(4

.
150


.





.
)(5

:

.
: .
.

)(6

.
.

) .
( Yoga .
) (7

) (Relaxation Excercises
151

.


.
.


.

) (8

.


.
.

.

.

.
.
152

)(Delegate Responsibilities to others

.
.

.


.

.

.

. 16

INSOMNIA

.

.
.
.


.

.


.

.

Growth Hormones

153

154


.


.
)!( Stress
) (2
) (3
) (4
.
) (5

.


.
.



.
.

)(Geralized Anxiety Disorder

(6 )(Depression

) (7 ) (
.
) (8
.
) (9 .

Stress

155

Sleep Hygeine

) (1
.
) (2
.
) (3 .
) (4
.
) (5
.
) (6
.
156

) (7

.
) (8
.
) (9
.
)(10 .

.
) (11

.
.
) (12


.
) (13
.
) (14

.

157

.

.

.

. :
Depression Anxiety

.
Stress

.

158

 .17

PSYCHOSIS

.


.


.

S.P

.

.


.

159

.

.
.
.
.

.
.

.
6


. .
. 1 )(Acute Psychosis

. 2 (Recurrent Psychosis

) ) ( Bipolar disorder
. 3
) (Chronic Psychosis )(Schizophrenia
. 4 )(Perpeural Psychosis
.5
)(Drug Psychosis
160

 . 6
)(Organic Psychosis
.

(Psychosis

.

.
.
.
) (1
.
) (2
.

.
) (3
.

.
.
161

) (4
.


.
) (5 .

.
)(6 .

.
) (7

.
) (8 .


.
.
) (9

.
) (10

.
.
162

 .18

ACUTE PSYCHOSIS

.
Acute Psychosis .

35 .
.
.

.

. .

.

) (
.
.
.

.
.
.
. .

163

164

.


.
.

.

.



.
.
Dopamine
.
.

.19

BIPOLAR DISORDER OR
RECURRENT PSYCHOSIS

Anti Psychotics .

.
Psychosis
Organic Psychosis
Physician

.

25 .

.
. .
.
.

.

.
.

.

.
. .

165

166


.


.

Depression . 4
.
Mania
.

) (Bipolar Disorder

Depression .

.
) ( Mania .

.

167

Mania
.

.
.

.
Normal .

.


.
)

) (
. 20
.
.

168

 .
Genes
.

Mood .
.

.

Dopamine .



Depressive
)(Episode
.
) (Manic Episode .


Depressive Episode
Manic Episode
Depression
.
) (Manic Episode .
169

)( Manic Episode

.
.
.


.



.

.
.

.

.

.
170

 .
.
.


.

.

.

.

.
)

(Mania
)(Bipolar Disorder

. Mania
Depression .


.
171

) (
Mood Stablizers .
.1 )(Anti Psychotics

.2 .
)(Anti Depressant
.3 Mood Stablizers

.4 .
)(Family Counselling

.1

)(Anti Psychotics
) ( Mania
Antipsychotic .

.
.
Side effects
.





172

.
.2

)(Anti Depressant Drugs

.

.


.
)( Mania
.
)(Mood Stablizers
.
Mood Stablizers
.3


.

.
Depression Mania
173

)(Lithium
) (

)(
.



.

Blood

.
.
174


)( .

.
)(Anti Convulsant
)(

.

. ) ( .

Side effects . ) (

.

)(Side effects of Anti convulsants

.
175

.
Atypical Antipsychotic

)(

. .

.1 )(
.
.
.2
.


.
.3


.

176

 .4

.
.5
.


.
.6
.
.
.7

.

.

177

. 20

CHRONIC PSYCHOSIS/
SCHIZOPHRENIA
20
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.

.
.

178

)(Psychosis .
.
)(Schizophernia .



)(
.

.
. Schizophrenia
.




.
17 25
.
.
.

.

179

.
.

.
.
.1
.
.2 .
.3 .
.4 Delusions


) ( .
.
.5
Hallucinations
.
.6


.
.7
.
180

 .8 .


.
.9

.
10

.

.1 Dopamin
.
.2 .
.3 .
.4
.

181

.

.

.

6
.

( .

)( .

)(Pharmaco therapy

)(Psycho therapy

) ( Pharmaco therapy
) ( .

. (Anti
)Psychotics .
.
70 80
.
.

182

)(1

) (2

.1

)(Side Effects

.

.

.

.2

)(Typical/Older Antipsychotics
1955
.

.

)(Atypical/Newer Antipsychotics

Side Effects

183

)(Typical/Older Antipsychotics

)(Atypical/Newer Antipsychotics

.
Atypical
Antipsychosis .
.
Side effect
.

Side effects

)(

184




.
)( .

)(Psycho therapy



.

.


.



.
.

.

185

.
Rehabilitation.


.
.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.
186

.
.

.
.

.

187

.21

PERPEURAL PSYCHOSIS
.
30
.
.
.
.
.
.

.

.
.


.
. .

.

.
188


Perpural Psychosis
.


.

.

.
.

.
.

.

.

189

.


.

.
.


.


.



.
.

.

.

190

) (


.
)(

.
)(

.

.1

. :

.
Anti Psychotic drugs

.2

. .
191

Electroconvulsive therapy

.3

) (
Electroconvulsive therapy .


.

.



.



.
) Electroconvulsive therapy (
.
192


.


.



.
.


.

.

.

.

. 22

DRUG PSYCHOSIS
Psychosis
.
Mania
Schizophernia .


.

1
2
3
4
5

193

Psychosis
194

) (1 ) ( Anti T.B Drugs

) (2
) (3 ) ( Benzodiazepines
) (4 ) ( Anti Depressants
) ( Steroids

.1
Anti Psychotics
.
.2


.

. 23

ORGANIC PSYCHOSIS


.

.
.
) (1 .

.
) (2
Confusional state .
) (3 .
) (4 .

.
) (5
.
.

195

196

. 24

) (1 )(Menengitis

ALZHEIMERS DEMENTIA

) (2 )( Head Injuries

) (3 )(Epilepsy
) (4 )(Infections

) (5 )(Uraemia

) (6
) (7
)(Cerebro Vascular Accident
) (8 )( Drug Intoxication
) (9
)(Drug withdrawal
) (10
)(Electrolyte Imbalance

)(Endocrine Abnormalties

.

.
Senescence .
) (

.

Anti Psychotics
.


. .
Physician
.

) Dementia (Alzheimers Disease

.
.

197

198

 .
.
Ventricles and Sulci
.

.
)(Senile Plaques and Neuro Fibrillary Tangles

.1

.2

.3

.4
.5

.


.



.

.

199

60
65

.



.

Cells
.
.

) (
.


.

.
200

 )
(

.



.

(Acetyl Choline Estrase Inhibitors)

.

.
.

Accident Injury
.


.
.



.



.

.
201

Dementia

.
) (1 .
) (2 .
) (3
)(Multi Infarct Dementia
202

) (4

. 25

)(Hypothyroidism

) (5

MENTAL RETARDATION

)(Vitamin B-12

) (6 .
)(Aluminum Excess

) (Dementia

.
.
) (1
)(C.B.C
) (2
)(Folic Acid, B12
) (3
)(Electro Encephalo Graphy) (E.E.G
) (4
)(CT Scan
) (5 )(Serum T3,T4,TSH
) (6 )(Lipid Profile

203

.

.
. .

.
.
.
.
3

.

.

.

204

100 3

.

.

.
.

.



.


.

.
.

.

.
.

.
:

.

Moderate Mental Retardetion

.

205

206

.
.1

Mild Mental Retardation

. :
.
.
.
.

.
.2




.
.
. 3

Severe Mental Retardation

.

.

.

Diagnosis of Mental Retardation

.

.1 ) (
.
. 2
.3


) (1


207

.
.


3 6

.
.

) (2
.
.
.
.
.

.

) (3


.


Normal
208

 .
.





.

.1

.
. 2

.

. 3


.
.4
.
.
209

.

.
.
.

Measles Syphilis
.

.



.
Genes
.

.
210

.


.

:

Head Injury
Menengitis .
Cells .


.

.1

Behavior Problems .
. 2 .

.
)(Managment

.

.

.
.

.

.1

)(Age Matched Training

. 2
)(Behavior Management
211

212

 . 3

) (Anti Convulsant Drugs

. 1

)(Training


.
.
:

.
.
.
.



.
.

.

.

.
.


.
.


.

.
.

:


.

.

.

213

214

 .

:
.


.

.2
Behavior Management

:
.
.



.

.


.


.
.
.
.
.


.
.
.

215

216

.
)(Encourage the Healthy or good behaviour

.
) .
(




.
.


.
.
)(Discourage Unhealty or bad Behaviour


.
.

Reward .


.

.

.

.




.

217

.



.
. 3

. .

.


.
.

.

.

218

:


.


.


.



.
.

.
.
.
219

.
.

) (
.
.
.
.


Training
.

:
:

.


.

.


.

.
220

. 26

PERSONALITY DISORDERS

.
.



.

.

.
.
) (
.
) (

.
Personality

.

.
Social Norms



.
Personality Disorder .

.
.1 .
. 2 .
.3 .
.4 .
. 5 .
.6 .

221

222

100 10 20
.
30 50
.

 . 7 .
.8 .
.9

.
.10 .
.11 .
.12 .
. 13 .

)(Personality Disorder
.1
)(Obsessive Compulsive
.2
)(Dependant
.3
)(Avoidant

.4
)(Anti Social
.5 )(Border Line
. 6 )(Histrionic
.7
)(Narcistic
.8 )(Paranoid
223

.9 )(Schizoid
. 10 )(Schizotytpal

.


.



.
.1

)(Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder

100 8
.

.

) (1

224


.
) (2
Perfect
.
.
) (3

.
) (4
)
(
) (5
.
) (6
.
.
) (7 .
.
)(8 .
.2

)(Dependent Personality Disorder

225

.

) (1

.
) (2
.
) (3
.
) (4
)

( .
) (5
.
) (6
.
) (7

.
) (8
.
226

.3

)(Avoidant Personality Disorder

.

) (1

.
) (2 )
(.
) (3
.
) (4
.
) (5
.
) (6

.
) (7
.
227

.4

)(Anti Social Personality Disorder

.



.
.

.

) (1

.
) (2
.
) (3 .
) (4 .
) (5 .
) (6
.
) (7 .
228

) (8




.
.5

)(5
.
)(6 .
) (7
.
) (8 ) (Sexual
.

)(Histrionic Personality Disorder

.
.
100 2
.

.6

)(Narcistic Personality Disorder

.

) (1
.
) (2
.
)(3
.
.
)(4
.

) (1
.
) (2

.
) (3

.

229

230

) (4 .
) (5
.
) (6 .
) (7
.
)(8
)
( .
) (9 .
.
) .7

Borderline Personality Disorder

.

) (3


.
)(4

.
) (5
.
)(6 .
.
)(7
.
) (8

.
.8

)(1

.
)(2


.

)(Paranoid Personality Disorder

.

.

231

232


) (1

Fraud.
) (2
.
) (3
.
) (4
.
) (5

.
) (6


.
) (7

.
.9

.

) (1

.
) (2
.
.
) (3
.
) (4
.
) (5 .
.
) (6
.
) (7 .
.
.10

)(Schizoid Personality Disorder

.

)(Schizotypal Personality Disorder

233

234


. 100 3
.

) (8

.
) (9
)


( .

235

236

) (1
.
) (2


Telepathy Sixth Sense
.
) (3
.
) (4

.

.
) (5
.
) (6

.
) (7
.

. 27

DRUG ADDICTION


.
15 35
.



.

.
) (Drug Addiction



.

.
237

Withdrawal Effects .

.
.
) (1 .
) (2 .
) (3

.
) (4
.
) (5
.
) (6
.
) (7

. .
) (8
)(Genetic Predisposition
238

)(9
.
) (10




.
Personality Disorder
.
Joint Family System



.
.


.
.
.

) (1 .
) (2
.
239

) (3 .
) (4 .
) (5 .
) (6
) ( .
) (7
.
) (8 .
) (9 .
) (10
.

) (11
)
( .
) (12 (Accidents) .
) (13 .
.
) (14 .
) (15
) (16
Hepatitis Aids

.
) (i Motivation
) (ii
Withdrawal effects Detoxification
240

) (iii
Relapse Prevention

Rehabilation

) (iv
) ( i

Motivation


Motivation .

.
)(ii

Withdrawal effects Detoxification

Withdrawal effects .

.
Detoxification .
)(iii

Relapse Prevention / Rehabilation

241

.

.




.

.

.

.





242

.


.


.

.
.


.

.


.


.

.

.
.


.

.
. .

.

.


.

.
.

243

244


.

) .
(.
.


.

.

.
.


.


.

.




.

) . (.
15
.
15
245

246

 . 28

METHODS OF TREATMENT

.

.
.

OF MENTAL ILLNESSES
.3
80/ 70

.
.
)(Pharmaco therapy

.1

.

.
) ( .

.
.2

Psychotherapy

. )(
247

)( ECT

)(Electro Convulsive Therapy

.
)
(
.
.
.4

Social Therapy/Rehabiltation


.
.

248



. .

.

.

.29

ANTI DEPRESSANTS
) (
) (
.

.

.1 .
)(Treatment of Depression

.2
(Prophylaxis of Depression) .
.

.

.
.3 )(Panic Attacks
249

250

 .4
)(Generalized Anxiety Disorder

.5
)(Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

.
.

.
Receptors
.
Receptor
Cell
.
Receptors Cell
.

.
.

.

.
.
251

Psychotherapy
.


.



.

.

Eating Disorder
Post Traumatic Stress
Disorder .


.



.

.
252


.

.
.
.

.
.

:
60 .
70
.

.


.

253

Side effects
.
Side effiects
.

.


.
.

254

.

!

.


.

.
.

.
.

.
.


.

.

255

Benzodiazipines



.

.

.
.
256

 .
.
.
.
.
.

. .
.
.


.
.

.



.

.2
.
.
.3
.
.

.



.
.5
.

.

.1

257

258

. 30

(2

Panic Attacks

BENZODIAZEPINES


.

.

) (1

)(Generalized Anxiety Disorder

.
.


.

.
.
259

.3

.
.

.
.
Insomnia

.4


.


.
Confusion
.

) ( Benzodiapines
30 .
260

 ) (
Short Acting Benzodiapines
) (

Long Acting Benzodiapines .

.


.

.

.
.


.
.
.

261

.

.


.

:
.

.
.



.

262

. 31

ANTI PSYCHOTICS

.

.

.
.


.

263

.

.

.
70 80
.
.

) (1
)(Typical Antipsychotics
)(2
)(Atypical Antipsychotics

264

)( 1

)(Typical Antipsychotics
1955
.

.
)(Side Effects

.

.

.

Side Effects

) (1 .
) (2 .
) (3 .
265

) (4 .
) (5 .
) (6 )


(.
) (7 .
) (8 .
) (9 .
) (10 .
Tardive Dyskinesia

) (11 .

) (2

)(Atypical Antipsychotics

.
Atypical Antipsychotics .
.
Side effects
.

Side effects

.
.1 .
266

 .2 ) ( .
.3 .


.
.
) (1

.
) (2
) (3
) (4

. 32

DEPOT ANTI PSYCHOTIC

) (
.

.

.

.

.

.

267

268


.
.

.
.
.1


.
.2
.
.3
.4

TARDIVE DYSKINESIA .

.5 .
.6 . )
(

.1
.
269

.2
.
.3

.

.

.

.

.




.

270

. 33

LITHIUM THERAPY
1949

.

.
.
.
.
)(

.
.


.

.

Biopolar Disorder
.

271

.




.

.


.



.
.







272

Thyroid Gland

)
(.

.
.

.

.
.

.
.

.

.

.
.

273

274

.

.


.

.

.

.



.
275

) (

.

.

.


.

.
276

.
.
Anti
Convulsant Durgs .
Migraine
.

.

. 34

PSYCHO THERAPY

)(Talk Therapy
.
.



.

.
.
.

) (1

)(Supportive Psychotherapy

.
277

278


.



.

.

.

.

)(Trust
.

.
) (3

)(COGNITIVE THERAPY

.


.

.
) (
.
.

) (2
)(Behavior Psycho Therapy
Behavior
.

.

.

)(Psycho Dynamic Psycho Therapy

Feelings


.

279

280

)(4

 Feelings
.
.



.

.




.
)(5

.


.

.

.

)(Family & Marital Therapy

.


.

. Marital Therapy .

.

. Individual

Group Therapy
.

.

281

282

. 35

ELECTRO CONVULSIVE
THERAPY
)
(

)(Electro Convulsive Therapy

.


.

.

.
.

283

.
.1
.
.2

Side effect .
.3
.
.4
.
.5 ) (
.

General Anaesthesia .


284

 .
.

.


.
.


.

.


.

.
.

285

.

12
.

.


.

.

:

.
.
286

.
.

.

.
.

Vertebral Fractures .
.Dislocations
.

.

.

.




.
287

.

Consent form
.




.

.
.

.



.
288

.

.


.

.

.

.

.
650
.
289

.

12
.
5 10
.

2020

10

40 .

45

90

.
290