Bhatatha Swatantrayasangramam - Muslim Yodhulu (First Part)

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INDIAN FREEDOM STRUGGLE: MUSLIM HEROES
(First Part)
Telugu title of this book is BHARATHASWATANTHRASANGRAMAM: MUSLIM YODHULU.

In this book total life sketches of 35 Muslim Heroes who fought violently against British. It started from Bengal
Nawab Sirajuddowla of 1757 Palsy War. and Freedom Fighters of 1875 was given.
In addition to this Book contains near about 700 very Brief Sketches of those Muslim Heroes who fought
against British since 1757 to 1947. This book contains some very rare photos of the incidents and sketches Muslim
Heroes and Struggle of 1857.
This Book contains total 320 pages of 1/8th Demmy Size with Multi colour title. It was published in 2005. The
same was Published second time in the year 2007.
Three more Parts of this book is Planed and May come out with in one or two Years if circumstances allowed
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Muslims in India's Freedom Struggle (Part -
1)
^ #j~ J=^
Syed Naseer Ahamed
^ #j~ J=^
M.Com; LL.B; D.J; D.P.M; D.L.L
Sahitya Rathna ( Hindi )
K~} OY : 7
^= =^} : 2005
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Lal Nehru University, New Delhi), Dr. Asghar Ali Engineet (Center for the study
of Society and Secularism, Mumbai), Prof. Mukthar Ahamed Makki (Jemshedpur
University, Jemshedpur), Prof. Shamshul Islam (Delhi University, Delhi), Prof.
Shan Mohammed (Alighar University, Alighar), Mr. Anil Nauria (Writer and Supreme Court Advocate, New Delhi), Dr. Yogindra Shikand (Director, Centre fot
Islamic Studies, Hamdurd University, Delhi) `_@xK~. Prof.Imthiyaz Ahamed,
Prof. Shamshul Islam
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( The truth of this story has
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Majumdar,1996, Page 650)
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35
a battle, a transaction by which the compradors of Bengal lead by Jagath

Seth sold the nawab to the East India Company.. ' - KM PHANIKKAR,
Quoted in EXPLOSION IN A SUB CONTINENT, Ed. by Robin Black Burn,
Penguin Books, 1975, Page 84 ). D @
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38
in the Ganges shall not be able to extinquish ' . - History of The Freedom
Movement In India, Dr. Tara Cahand, page 220, quoted from S.C Hills
BENGAL IN 1756-57, Vol. II page clxii)
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u^_ KO^ q H~# "<, q~ =^< O\ ^
~A^ H~=~.P =O i# =~O =# ~OQ,
39
=O^QO_ `_=@O`, =O^ =# `=# x=iOK_xH gHx

u i` Z^~~. ~ y# `=# <k` "#
`Q=x H~@O, OQ `= < ~}qx q_z@@O, ~<x
q~ *~, ~ ^~ < ~}qH ^~OQ x|_ KÔ K_@O`
#"| #O `Ò HeyOk. U [~QÒ` èx J=
iu Z@_` J@ x #O z`yOKQ~. D i`#
K xK# q~ *~, ~ ^~ # `= H`# X~ #O_
fO_< ^qx q_z\~. #"| #h ~}q q_z @Q,
z=~ #"| JO`~OyH #, = _ P## =ê\ "o~.
D q+O `# ~A^ P~_.
D QO^~Q i` ~}q LO_@O H=O H^x x`
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_ P = #"| HiOK^. PYi xq+O =^x QOz#
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`~"` H~= _ =+~^ qK, q~ *~# OQ ^~Q
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~, J`x #O_ 20 H ~# H~= ~|@<_. @^~
O^#H~Q ==iOz# q^H `y# [iyOk.
40
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
q~ *~ OQ #"| HQ< \^~# `# =~O #O_

`yOK< ` P~OaOK_. \ QO# * __. F ~u@
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*~ =~_ q~ q~< "O|_Oz, @x |OkOz =+~^
H,z, ^~~ x@Q q~ *~ J`xH =~}Ô_# qkOK_. P
P^ "~ 1757 E 2= `k# q~ q~< Hu "@ ~A^ t~
`y ~[=# OQ}O î_Ok. P `~"` ~A^ =$`^x
Z#Q q^ "_n #Q~ g^ T~yOK~. D ^~} ^$x K
OKH~# ~A^ è Jq< QO #_|*~H =z `# a_
uHHx T~y# =`Q*xH J_OQ xx qq_< eÒ O_
~Ok.
POQ `<x U=Ò OKx = ^j_Q,a\+~
=u~HOQ ~@O K# è<\ =Q OQ #"| ~A^ Ki`
@H ZH_. a\+~ Pk`x U=Ò OKH ~@O [i,' ~`
Ò` ^ =~uO J~}@e ìz# è<\ ^j_Q
##Q g ~A^ MuQ_Oz J=~__.
~A^# JOÒ K `+O O_ K<H, P P#OÔ
@H, ^j <kH~, @ Q=# |_ =~i "~O`,
[Q` k =Ou O_Q [~<~. P =O< H~= [Q` kH,
W`~ @^~ =^=iQ ==iOz# FqKO^ `## H~= U qÔQ
"yOzOk "_OK_. (It is to the Seth's house that victorious com-
manders adjourned to celebrate the victory and it was there that Omi
Chand was told that he had been cheated ' . A Survey of Indian History,
KM Panikkar, 1977, page 216 )
D Ô H~= #O "Ò 3" ~O_ =O^ =Ok L<~.

gi 950 =Ok JOQ x, 150 =Ok` 10 ~OQ Q ~OyÔ,
2" =O^ =Ok ~f x <~. ~A^ #O 50 [`
Z_ U~@ Hey# ~OQ Ô,50 " HO, 18" JtH ^ L<x
1944 E.Marsden J# POQ ~K~` ~# History of India J# QOÔ,
Dr. Tara Chand QOÔ History of the Freedom Movement In India ^~
Òk. D Ô 23 POQ x KO|_~. Q_# "i 13
=Ok POQ x, 36 =Ok ~f ~ =`" LO_@O q+O.
41
D ^ q[x Ju `= #+O` POQ QK# Ju q"#

q[OQ =Y Ki`H~_ _H~ `~KO^ Ja=iOK_. D Ô ~`
^ =Yz`x =i"# J<H i}= H~}"O^x _H~ `~ KO^
J<_. ~` ^ Ki` O|OkOz# D q^ O@# "x q,
~` ^xH JO`"~Qx q^ H~u îOzOk, Jx OQb Hq #g<
KO^ < Ja=iOK_.
42
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
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02. q~ MtO
~`^ Ki`# = u# ^# O@# Ô
^= #O O^Q |H~ Ô kf #O xOk. Ô
@ P"O HQ, |H~ Ô g~z` ~\xH uaO|O.
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^j# ^KH=@O ~OaOK~. D i` H` KOk, ~~
^# ÒQ D Q_ q^ #Oz ìqH_` Qx ^_ #O_ q=H
aOK^x qOz, ~[H=O, [ QO PHOH, D WO_ HOh
q^ =~ OM~"x iOz, z=i =~ ~@ #_K_H
^_. P J~Qx g~_ OQ #"| q~ MtO.
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#=H^xH _# q~ *~ OQ #"| ^q ^H<, D WO_
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Ja J#Q}OQ #_KHx k"< ~^~, c~ Q=~~ ~=
<~}# H~= "#Hx =z "i q^ K~ fHx=^. P#
43
^ #j~ J=^
`<x Qx=O_@" HO_, P# #O_ JOk#O` ^KH=@O
~OaOK~. H =< K#@Q, ' JOk#O` =@ _| ^K@O,
W+"z#_ K` ^ ^` _| @H f |OQ~ Q< Oz
q~ *~# "_H=@O HOh JkH~ UHH H O J~~Ok (P^xH
~` Ki`, a< KO^, HBT, 2000, r54).
OQ Hs\x `#HOkOz# H~=# ZkiOK H KH, POQ
`=# _K" i` O ~OaOz, "i O` HOh JkH~ `< xH
QO_ H\#<_. P q+O H\ # H~= P~OO< P `#
xs~O K@"HO_, _K"ix z`z`Q F_Oz, OQ q^ u~Qx
Jk`x <H_. HOhH KeOKe# |H~# HO KeOKH
=@O`, J\H J`x q^ Q~=O@# JOQ q~ *~#
J=~xQ iQ}OK~. z=~ J`xH L^# eHO^ ~OQO ^"Ok.
q~ *~ =~_# q~ q~< =~}OK_O`, q~ *~# Q^ kO`
P# "~_ Z=~? J# HOh Z^~~Ok.
P =O OQ JkH~ ~[H =Oz ~u+,
[ =Oz P^~} L# q~ MtO ~ ~OQO q^ =zOk. q~
*~ q~ MtO # J_ . q~ MtO# OQ Q^ q^ ~\x
JOQ Q=~~ "x@~ (Vansittart) x~~OK_. D "~ 1760 O|~
27= `k# P POQ JkHi, q~ MtO =^# JOwH~O kiOk. P JOwH~O
H~O q~ MtO POQ _\ ^~ ^q OHqOK~.
uOQ q~ MtO |H~ `H} KeO, |~^<, q_~, z@QOQ
l# HOh ~O K_xH X<_. J#O#`~O q~ MtO# #"|Q
H\ OK~.
Ô q[O` HOh Q=, ^"A ~`Q,
=~ Jiq` JkH~ Q HOh JkH~~. D =sOîH
K `= r` W# H~}OQ, PÔ HO "@Q "~
K HxK~. D JkH~# L yOz ^j "~#, W`~ \^~#
"~~OQO #O_ ìq"~.#"| "~ OH#,~"} ^`
Y~# _ KeOK x~HiOK~. "~ J#=`#, ~~f# J`kH
"` ^j =~ qH~OK@O P~OaOK~. HOh L^Q
44
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
HqH [i ~` x "~ K~^x JH= POH

qkOK~. `= HeOz# H~, ~~f ^j "~, Lù^~
x+kOKx Xu_ ~OaOK~. ~` #O_, Lù^~# #O_ `=
W+"# ~# |=OÒQ Ju `= ^~ H#Q K, `= ~#
JÒ` Z= ^~ x~OÔQ JO@Q@@O P~OaOK~. [ Hh J=~
f~ Jx == HqH q^ Q`k`x U~~<~. [
#O_ H~= ^~O@ Z= Ys^# = KQ~. OH, [i=<
^j #O_ |=O` = P~OaOK~. J`kH =_ ~@` ^j
O#, b#=~ J W=Q~. D"~ `= J^#
qq^ JH= ^` ^~ OKHQ~. D q+# _H~ `~KO^
q~OQ `# QOÔ (History of The Freedom Movement, Vol.1 , r
236) q=iOK~.
a\+ "~ OQ q[O` q~gQ`, [ r=# ==~
~OQx\ KK~Q~. H~= ~OaOz# ^#OKx H#y,
HOh JkH~, L^Q _ =~H"}*# ~OaOz, W~[OQ
=iOKQ~. D J#z` =~# =# ^j =~HO W|O^ _Ok.
~`, =~, Lù^~ WH@ _Q~. HOh JkH~, L^Q
P_Ok P@~Ok. [ JkH~ J#z` P[# \OKe =zOk. HOh
JkH~, POQ L^Q, =~ z`xH =u~HOQ ==iOK@O }O`HO Q
=iOk. POQ JkH~ `<x D+}Ò x~Oz< [ = H~_`
^|, *tH, z` O Jx"~=~.
P<_ HOh JkH~, L^Q JOk#O` ^KO@# f~#
"ix J`# a\+ Ki`H~_ Z_~ Ô<, l.\ Q~\ W =iOK~.
' XH u~Q@x ~OK@=#k OKO Ju Q \ "~OQ
è~Ok. H~*, ~~ QO ~< "e P=Oz# i
`~"` Ki` Hhqh ^~} ^#Ô WOw+ " =# xO_~Ok.
=YOQ OQ <`~#O` iQ ^H JH_ Ou J<k
LO_^. (P^xH ~` Ki`, a< KO^ , HBT, 2000, r 54).
OQ #"|Q JkH~# K@Q< q~ MtO ÒÒQ
==iOK Q_. [ `= a#OQ Q`# i`# Q=xOz
45
OKH_. ^j =~, [ "H~` POQ =~#

qÒ K K~ # f<_. ^j =~H "~ k" fiu H
<@|_@O OKH_. WH q#O> O^## q~ MtO HOh
JkH~, L^Q x~Hx ZO_Q_ HOh L#`kH~ Hx 1762
" < F Y ~_.
P Y, q JkH~ `= J#z` =~#` < Ô HO
$+<~. [# ^KO@<~. < L^Q# HK@O ^. HOh
J#=`# K`<~. < [#, ~`#, "~# "k<~. u
H~Q~O, Q=O #O_ J q= <=O` Ys^ =`" KeO z "~
#O_, [ #O_ ~# |=OÒQ Z``<~. XH ~~ =`"
q=K `= ==# S~^ ~ = "~, ~`
x~OÔQ JO@Q_`<~. D ==~xH JOwHiOKx ~` q^ O
_`<~. < L^Q JkH~# Kx=@O ^x, q~ MtO
~<_x, POQ ~K~` Philip Woodruff `# HO (The Men Who Ruled
India : The Founders, Page 106) ~<~x _H~ `~KO^ `# QOÔ
History of The Freedom Movement In India Vol.1, Page 236 L@OHOK~.
P q=~} POQO D qÔQ QÒk, '...this is the way your
gentlemen behave ; theymake a distrubance all over my country, plunder

the people, injure and disgrace my servants...setting up the clolours and
shwoing the passes of the Company, they use their utmost endeavours to
oppress the peasants, merchants, and other people of country... In every
village and in every factory they buy and sell salt, betel-nut, rice, straw,
bamboos, fish, gunnies, ginger, sugar, tabacco, opium and many other
things... They forcibly take away the goods and commidities of peasants,
merchants. etc., for a fourth part their value, and by ways of violence and
oppression they oblige the peasants to give five rupees for goods which
are worth but one rupee ; and for the sake of five rupees they bind and
disgrace a man who pays a hundred rupees in land tax ; and they allow not
any authority to my servants...'
POQ =~, JkH~ ^+H#, [ H_QO_#, A History of

England in the Eighteenth Century Vol.IV Page 263 , ' Never before has
the natives experinced a tyranny which was at once so skilful, so searching and so strong
Jx ~K~` W.E.H Lecky =iOK_x _H~ `~ KO^

~<~. P i` QiOz W.E.H Lecky =iO` q=~} W, XH<_
46
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
[` HHi HxOz# l x~#+=~. POQ =~ *_ HxOKQ<

Q= MmJq, ^H} |O^q J<_. HO`# [
~ ^~ q^ ^~ #qK"~x,( Whole districts which had once been popu-
kQ_. OM~OQ xH |Q JkHOQ L< _, `H tH} Ok#

POQ <x Z^~=@O ^j x J^=~Ok.
q~ MtO ~}q #O_ `x J^ K~<_.
POQ# tÒQ OQ, c~ #O_ ìqH\x
x~~OK<_. D H ^# `# H K#O^# W`~ ^j `
OkO ~OaOK_. J^ #"| +*=^ ( Shuja-ud-daulah)
_b KH=i PO2 ( Shah Alam - II ) ` =O`< [i_. P =O`<
eÒQ POQ# ~^# ÒHO`, ^j ` _#
=Y U~_Ok. ^j = #KK ^xH Ô K_. D `x
Ot, _H~ `~ KO^ `# QOÔ History of The Freedom Movement
In India ' The confederacy which he brought into being against the
lous and flourshing were at last utterly depopulated, and it was noticed
that on the appearance of a party of English merchants the villagers were
at once deserted, and the shops shut, and the roads thronged with panicsticken refujees - A History of England in the Eighteenth Century, W.E.H
Lecky, 264 ) W.E.H Lecky
~_.
q~ MtO Zx Y ~< Z@=O\ eÒ HxOKHQ, JOQ
^_, "kO =iO` iQ~. F~ iQ #tOK@O` QÒ`~O x
i` HOh ` ~} ^__. P H~}OQ HOh
^~OQ LO_# LÔ` 1762 ~[^xx =+~^ #O_ =O~
(Monghyr) =~_. D J"OKh "`=~}x `yOKO^ Q=~~
"x@~ 1762 z=~ =O~ =z q~ MtO` KiOz F JOwH~xH
=K~. J~` P XO^x HOh u~iOzOk.
QÒ`~O x i`` ^j =~Hx i~HOKx, Lù^~#,
~`# H_<O^ Jx ~H OH#, ~~f#, `H J#=`#
iQ ~^K_. D K~# POQ =~, HOh L^Q =u~HOK~.
Jx ~ H ~~f, J#=` , q# ~O # ` = =` "
=iOKx, D H~# ^j =~ =iOK~^x qÒ_ "^##
=O^ `K~. D _=O_ q~ MtO =O___. < Ô < [
H~ HeOK O_, =_ " " ^~O #O_ =z JOQ =~ _=O_#
JOwHiOK? Jx tOK<_. D x~O` PQ" =HO K#
\x HOh H~Q~O Jku Wb (Ellis), F J_Q =O^H, \
@}x K@=\ n#O KH#_xH uOK_. D `x
=~=OÒQ q~ MtO uH\_. POQ =+~ =H# =\HiOKQ
Wb \ =ê i_.
POQ ~OaOz# ~@O H=OQ Ô ~ kÔk. D
i`# =O^Q TOz q~ MtO ÔQ L<_. 1763 E< 10=
`k# "[~ P_" 11=O^ =Ok POQ x, <Q " =Ok ~`
`~e =z ^x ~OaOK_. q~ MtO 15" =Ok #O` ~}qH
47
English shows an astute diplomacy far in advance of the age and its
failure was again due to the inherent defects of Indian army and State
organisation
Jx ~<_. =`$q q=HH HOH}O H@# q~

MtO ~}` ^j x ~}~OQO g~q~O K \xH Lq~`<~.
L=_ # <HÒ HiOz q[O kOKx @^` q~ MtO
PK# Q`<~. q~ MtO JO> POQx OO. `H
Ô q[O H+OHQ^x qOz# HOh _~.
P ÒÒ =# +*=^, _b ^ PO < iQ
~}~OQOH kQ^. =Yx P q~ MtO <uH =^` =~
i@<~. HOh < "[~ H~ =O< (Major Hector Munro)
<HÒ ~OQOH kQ~. q~ MtO <HÒ L=_ # ZO`Q
~_<, =#O H@O`, 1764 PH|~ 22= `k# q~ MtO |Q
~[O `^. ~` Q_ q^ JO`=O^#_ [~Qx su a\+
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Ki` |H~ Ô Q ^"Ok. P `~"` J@ _b ^ PO
a\+~ ta~O Ki~, Ou XOÔ` ~~ OK# ^f~_.
W@ J^ q^ ^_ K# POQ +*=^# ^HOÒ K<~.
OQ OO q~ MtO =Ò `= OQO_ ~
^ OKi, POQ q^ =m ~@O KO^ q `
K, P H==O 1777 _b q# H#=_.
48
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L`~k# , |H~ ^` `= H# \ +O Kx, OQ

k"x x _ QÒ K# a\+~ P `~"` ^H}k " ^$+ iOK~.
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qÔQ ~, ^j ~A# ^HOÒ K<O^ Lq~`<~.
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HiOz# === =u~HOQ ~_ ÒH~_Q
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_H\#, P "#Q_ ~ ^~ Jb.
' ^H} ~`^ <e< Q MuQ_Oz# ^~ Jb 1722
` H~@H ~+Ox ^=#o Q=O [xOK~. Ò_ ` "=^
Jb, è =l^< QO (Majidan Begum). P OÒx ^~ Jb ^~+
Pj` Hey# O`#O H=@O =#, a_ ^~ Jb Jx èÒ_
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1749 [iy# ^=#o =@_ # =_ ^~ Jb J^`
^~# îOK@O` =Q_# #O[~* P# ' M< a~^`
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49
50
POQ ìq"` rqÒÒ ~@O yOz#
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51
|~` `= =~\_, <*O ^~ JbH W|O^

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ÔQ LO_ `H xH|Q# =~<_. P xOîH `H
tH} WOK_. ` qQ [iQ u z#x _ P# èO_
[iQ J=HO W=^. z=~ Q_~ H> `_# _ `# ijeOKH
Hh, y_OyH J#=uOK"_ H_. General in the Army of Mogul Empire
Mr. M.M.D.L.T K ~|_, \ "~_ Prince Gholam Mohammad K`
iK|_ 1855 Ki`"# The History of Hyder Shah, alias Hyder Ali
Khan Bahadur and his son Tippoo Sulthan J# QOÔ
~K~ ` P q+ x
D qÔ Q ~<_. ' All the operations or measured undertaken by Hyder's
government, small or great, were superintended by hismself in person;
insomuch that even leather, the lining of bullock bags, or tent walls, and
strands of rope, all passed under his inspection, and were then deposited
in his stores. ' ( Eminent Muslim Freedom Fighters by G.Allana, Page 61)
[ =# `H}" i+iOKx JkH~# P^tOz, Jq

YzÒQ J= [iQ K~ f<_. [ = i+iOK@O
f# x~O ~@ [iy` `# OQ JOwHiOz, k`_H
[iy# #x iOKx^ x^"_ H_. <~x @OxH, [
O K~ `H tH^`# J#iOK_. # kH~x U =Ò
OKO_ <~_ ZO`\ "_<, ~ Ô O_ Hi#OQ ==iOK_.
[, ` J# ìOz# O@# [iy_ UHHOQ x~
fHO_, qK~} Ox xqOz, P OO x"kH P^~OQ K~
P[ *sJq. D H} =OQ [# Q~"a=<# O^@O
=`"HO_, |^ `= _ P## OtOK~. a\+ xHkHi
[#~ HO ^~ Jb QiOz q,' Haider Ali was an extrodinary
man and perhaps, possessed as great mental talents as any recored in

the pages of history,
Jx J<_. D q+# =~H POQkHi [#~

^= =< ( Thamos Munro) q,'Every department, civil and mili52
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
tary, posessess the regularity and system communicated to it by the
genius of Haider and in which all pretensions derived from his birth being
discouraged or extipated, justice severly and impartially administered...and
also every department of trust or consequence conferrred on men raised
from obscurity gives the Government a vigour hitherto un exampled in
India..Jx
~<_.
D q[ W@ ^j # =~~, <*O On#
J@ ~~# a\+~ qOQ__^. P<\H =~~, x*O
POQ ^ HQ, x*O WOw+"iH Pq`__. x*O, =~~
J #H=@" HO_ q+` ~}~_# ^~ Jb =^Hi
HQ_x OHOK~. 1765 =~~ s |Q` ^_ K@O` ^~
Jb "~x HO` O`x, 32 H ~# =~~ H"e
=zOk. P `~"` 1766 ^~ #O_ =Ô Oq ~HOKQ=O@
x*O` XOÔ Kx L`~ ~~ O`x POQ kQqOQ~.
P qÔQ aOz# ^=` =~~, <*O =^`` 1767
U =O H * ` |Q "~ ~[O q^ Ô_`
K~. D u=Y ^_x Z^~<O^ ^~ Jb JOQ|O HO> |k|x
îOK|#<_.D "~ OkH uOK_.Jk ^~^. z=~
K^= < ~[H ÒÒ Piì# ^~ Jb ~[H K`~`#
îOz,HQ J@ =~~#,W@ x*O# a\+~ ^~O K, J#O
K<_. H ` KOQ=, \OH=e `k`~ O` ^~ ^#
F_OK@O`,
_# x*O =m POQ
KO`Ki , ^~eH =u~H P_.
D u i}= U=Ò [OHO_ ^~ Jb a\+ <
q^ q~K __. POQ JO_Q xz# P~@ #"| JO`Ò^
`# J~ <"xx =OîHOK_. P "~ Ô `^~ =ux
Q\Ok. a\+~ =# z`KQ u=# x =O^ Q`#
^~ f~ HOh JkH~# QO^~QO _~. P@OHx ^@O@,
=~^ "O ~Qq# ^~ # Jiq`"# "QO` ~Q
f, =OQ~# n#O Kx POQ ^# =~"# =^ =Oy@
xeK~. =_#~ ~A 130 " ^~x <OQ ^\ =^
q# L# ~O\ ^= =^ 1769 =i <\H ^~ # K~ <i H
53
^ #j~ J=^
POQ JkH~ QOQ"~u~@. |uO> LO> |ux |`H=Kx
qOz# a\+~ ^~ Jb # Z^@ "Hi~. JOH~O `y "~
~[O q^ W`~ ^_K, < O JOkOK_xH JOwHiOK~.
D"~ ^~ JbH J#"# +~` JOwHi,1769 U 4= `k#
HOh JkH~ P#` Ok K<~.
D =~x ^= "~ ÔQ Ki`<=H~}O KOk. D
O@#` ^~ Jb Hiu+ L[OQ "ey WOQO_ K~<~.
} J~K` @x i~# POQ x ^~ ~[ "~
O` H~. HOh JkH~ ~[O WOQO_ [# _
Q qÒ KOk. D i}= =OQ D WO_ HOh u+
kQ*i, HOh +~ ^~ 275 #O_ 222 _~.( Eminent Muslim
Freedom Fighers, G.Allana, Page 58) WO_ x O`#
PHqOKO@ Jiq`"# O^# QO@# D WO_ HOhH
=^ ^~ Jb HeOz# ~[O Jx`"Ok. D ~[O O_<
H =~@ OHxH H~}O H=@" HO_, q~ ==e #
TaH <\~. D H #O_ |@ _@O ZQ J~O H=@O^ Jx
O_<x HOh JkH~ "MxOK~. ( " ..You have brought us into
such a labyrinth of difficulties, that we do not see how we shall be extricated from them. ",)
JO`HO_ O^<x ==~ =^=~Q

==iOKe x HOhk H^ Jx (" ...it is not for the Company to take
the part of umpries of Indostan..." ) Jx Court of Directors HOh JkH~#
KiOK iuH P ~[O H~}"OÔ> POQ ^~ Jb ZO`\
``x HeOK_ +=Òk.
D Ô `~"` HO`HO O` "`=~}O U~_Ok. |^
`"# POQ# =\HiOz, `# Q_ q^ #O_ ìq"_xH J=~"#
^H q^ ^~ Jb ^$+iOK_. a\+~# ~l`# K_xH JtH,
û, =~~OQ ^ =`" i=h, <qH Ô U~@ H$+K_.
^, JO`~` @, ~\ =^ _ ^~ Jb `# ~[Ox
[ KHx # JOkOK_.
^~ Jb WO ^~#~_. P# =Ò @ Ja=#O Q
54
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
= `, =`^~a=x H^. XHi F =Y =O îH <_
^~b =^ =z, `# J#K~# N~OQ@Ox HO^~ O^=
OOK~x ~^ K, =O Ò =O <O [~Q@O ^x
xOkOK_. P P~} qO@<, ' D ~[O =O^x Z=~<~? ( ' Who
told you that this was a Mussalman government ? ' - Quoted by M.Mujeb
in his THE INDIAN MUSLIMS page 419 taken from HIDER ALI by N K
SINHA, CALCUTTA, 1949 page 10 )
Jx ^~ PQO =HO K_. Ò

JOî^h, _ =O J~#O` =`# Ò P =`xH KOk#k
U=Ò H^x +OQ H\ OK_. [ =` q HQ*H=^x
JkH~ _ P^# *sK_. | =`, *` [ r=#O
y# ~[O Jx =` [@ ==# K_O P# `H`.
[ <O kOKO^, < < Jx =` KOk#
<kH~# xqOK_. xOk` U =`xH KOk# "~~` P =`xH
KOk# =# <=~Q xqOK_. ~^# P = =HQ`
K\# J#iOz qKiOK=<_. XHi H= O|kOz# q"Ô
P# =^ ~Q, P q"^ i~O HO F H=_ xqOK_. <O
K_xH `# P~_# H#x P =H x~HiOKQ, P =HH #K K|`, "..
you who are yourself a Christian, must be better acquinted with the law of
Christians than any judge in my dominion; and since my intention is that
every one shall be judged by his own law ". (Eminent Muslim Freedom
Fighers, G.Allana, LPP, New Dedlhi,1993, Page 57),
Jx ^~ P<_.
D WO_ HOh ` ~_`<, ~w "i`
O|O^ iQ < P =`K~# Q~qOK_. P~^<#
i~HOK_. =~, ~k` @ ZO` B^~x K_. P,
=~ x~}, *~, =~k` r=# i`# "~Q~O^
*~~ `y#O` ^#,H#H,==# JOkOK_. P x~}
HiOK_. OQ HOr=~Ox Q~ PO x~}xH 1780
O# K_. =Oz H$^_. =Oz QOÔ U~iK_. =Oz
^ ~ } H H "_ H=@O` Q O ^ x q+ # [ # O^ OK x
=#~OQ P "H# qxOK"_. HH~#, H=# ÒK_.
P# OQ Q##$` q<^_. D q+x\x The History of Hyder
55
^ #j~ J=^
Shah, alias Hyder Ali Khan Bahadur and his Son Tippoo Sulthan
J#
QOÔ ~K~` Mr. M.M.D.L.T q=~OQ ~<_.

=`$q #O_ H=O`# ~~ # ^@O ^#
H OQ Q ^~ 1779 a\+ "iH =u~HOQ L=_ H~H=#
K>O^ =~~, <*O #"| Q U~_# = =Y (Grand
Confederacy) K~_. D q+O è# HOh ^~ HOQ~ \Ok.
XH ^~# ZkiOK@" H+OQ## =O |"# =_ #
Z^~=@O Ô H^x `z, @ _~. |O#"#
=~~ =*x POQ @ x <Q =H K, "i "iH
` O \ ~ . D q^ O Q qz #" # =~~ HO^ ~ a\ + ~ #
=u~HOK@O` UH# K "i q^ HxH H^"~. O ~`
<*O #"|# `= Q\ LOK<~. L`~ ~`^x H K, Ò
^H}
kx H|oOK# <Q y# D WO_ HOhH, " ~ _
^~ Jb ^# J_OHQ xeK_. ^H}k |O#_# ~*k<`Q
=[OQ "ey`# ^~ JbH =u~HOQ =~~ =#, x*O#
\ ~KQ\~.
a\+~ kf "~ ^xH NH~O K\~. S~ ^
#O_ ~#, P^# ÒK<O^ gQ L# = ~= @}x,
"~ ~[ e"~ q^Q "o PHqOK<~. D JuH=}` ^~
PQO` ~ye_. ^j H=O ^$ H~"eOkQ x*O,
=~~ O^# O_. ^` ^~ SH` H$+ K_. ^H}k#O`
`= Q_K~` xO# POQ ^~ Hx Q\ SH` P=HO
O_ x*O#, =~~# `= HO K<~. HH` #O_ p=~
O\ <x fx POQkHi H ~ | ^~_. Ò
q^ Z_ =O^ " }O K HOh #O Hê =zOÔ> ^~
q^ "iH ZO` H LO^ q^=Òk.
P u i` _ t` `= POQ
JOÒ KO^
^~ Jb ~} x<Ô K_.1780 E =O 80" =## fx
| ^~_. D # <Q =O^ =Ok POQ x _ LO_@O
q+O. P qÔQ |î# "~ =#O JH|~ =O P~@#
56
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
^HOÒ KOk. =~"# ^~ Jb =~_ \< ~[^xH

50 " ^~O L# HOr=~x <OQ QK<_. [#~ b
<HÒx x# \ TKH` H_. a\+ xH Ki` WO`
J~ +O [iy# O@# =~H\ ^. Ò_H_ <HÒx "~
# ~H=xH J_ H~Ok. POQ J^$+O u~Q|_Ok. D q+x
POQkHi Sir Alfred Lyall ' the fortunes of the English in India have
P Ô <\H ^~ Jb = 60 UO_. P = _
J=#"# "QO`, P~ÒQ =O^ " J~__ JqOÒQ
x q^j # ìqH>O^ P# [i# ~\ Ki`
kHH~. P# JtH ^ H =~# Hi, JQO_~ _ `#
Ki`, ' P# Q~ ~H L<? Jx _"O Jx
~<_. ' we were alarmed as if his hourses had wings to fly over our
R.C.Majundar, page 676)
In Radiance 1-7 August 1999, Page 14) P# yOz# ^# q,
fallen to their lowest water-mark ' ( An Advanced History of India,
Jx K# "M#O P<\ WOw+ "i iuH

JÔ _Òk. =^# ~HOKH"e# i` U~_Q<, "`=~}O
ueOzO^x QOz# Q=~~ [#~ "~< OQ J^# |Q,
J=~xH qOz# ^#qz, POQ ~<^_ Sir Eyre Coote #
OOK_. ^j ~~ <*O, O<n, Ok P
K ==@` |~x ^~ O JOÔ_ K_. J~<
Colonel Braith waite # "~ < ~lè K~.
P `~"` #O_ "~ W|O^ =z_~. 1781
i<"# Sir Eyre Coote H"e =zOk. `= `= q`_#
~[hux J#iOz POQ# ~l`# KO^ K` x"eOkQ
a\+~ `=, `# q`# Oz"ix ^~ Jb O H~_.
JO`~fOQ WOQO_< =^ `Ò =y@O` "~ OK
< O z=i=~ JO^^. P J# i` POQ "~
~[Ox Q# =`" HO_ _z, Oz "i =~# _ n#O
KO@ ^_# L^$Ò K~.
D qÔQ q^j `=` ~}O KO_Q nj , QO_
=~x <~, x*O =^`` u~Q@# H\ OK~. Ò k=Y
~\xH ^~ Ô H"e=zOk. =~ u~Q@^~ x >O^
\# OOK_. D ~HOQ XHK@ ~[O, =~H K@ q[O a
kf "~ Ô QÒ_Q, =~HO =zOk. =~HO ~=@O
=# ^ " JOìOKQ~. D Q J<~QO # POQ JkHi
Sir Eyre Coote x+qOKQ J`x #O =~H POQ
kHi General Sturat
=K_.
57
walls.' ( Prof. Sheik Ali' Article titled Tipu sultan : His Vision And Mission
=Y POQ ~K~`, D WO_ HOh L#`kHi Sir W.W Hunter ~#

A Brief History of the Indian People ~# QOÔ ' ^~ Jb <
_QQ a\+~ q^ q~KH_q J<_. ('..the army of Hider Ali fell
like thunderbolt upon British Posessions..' page 191) xOQ =~H POQ
~K~` ^~ Jb ^ H# q=i, ' WOw+ "ix ^H} Ô #O_
"Q@" Jx J<_.( ' his main object of driving the English out of
Southren India. But he had overrun large tracts of their country, occupied
most ot their principal forts and fought steadly and with success against
his antagonists' , Eminent Muslim Freedom Fighters, G.Allana, page 54)
| `= #Oz J^`"# OO^# =^_ ^~

Jb z=i=~ JOQ` ~_`, ~@" rqÒQ Q__. J^`
q[ z~<=Q MuQOz#\H =$`=` y# ~@O =Ò
P# q[H x ^HOKHH_. z=~ ` PO^^ ~+Ox
z`~ l #~OQ~x @ =^ @~ (H#~) "k` ^_`,
P = g~_ 1782 _O|~ 7= `n# H#=_. Hyder was one of the
ablest personalities in the history of India, Jx =Y Ki`H~_ RC
Mujumdar K HiOK|_# ^~ Jb WOw+ "i` ~_O^ =~H ^_
\ <# `# "~_Q =`$qH JOkOz H#=~Q_.
'...[ O`+O< < O`+O. < [ OH=O< < OH=O Wq_
LOk. <H+"O^ =Oz^x <# qOK#. < [ Uk W+" ^xx
< Jc+OQ q#...< [ Z=~ `= "~ < `=. <
[` Z=~ H~, "~ <` Ô H\Oz#@. \ <
58
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
a\+~ g^ è u~Q@ =\# ZQ~# H~ <x
04. =E H~
WO_ H J_y_# a\+~ "Q ^j ==~
*HO KO@, u#Q qq^ ~Q} JkH~ Q# `= Pn#OH
f<~. D ~O~ OQ k"hx QÒ K<H, [
Qx JOk#O` ^K"x OHeOz ~q## =@ Q@H_xH
yOz# ` QOQ Qg}#, ~` [<=ox ^_H QiK~.
q#`# ~q# ^`` =^^~, =_"~ ^_H =
J=H HeOK~. D #`# q^< =# Q= qq_ ~.
D _#, JO`$, PQO #O_ 1765 OÒ u~Q@ ~Q<~.
D u~Q@ O^ <, =O H~ H #O^#, Jq
H~ < u~Q@ Q Ki` k O^~.
POQ =u~HOQ ~O"# D è u~Q@ =O
H~ =E H~ <HÒ =OK~. P# OQ ~Q}x
H#~ g# Q =Y<~ Q=x". =OE Jx _ P##
[ K<~. =E îH == ~OQ K =î
O^xH KOk# H~. =î `Q ~=s^ O|O^ LO\~.
59
^ #j~ J=^
~=s^ O|OÔ JO> Q~t+ O|OÔ J#=@. D O|O^
îH"#q H#H K |"#q. Q~= P^t `= ^# =# }# _
JiOK_xH t+ ~^ ÔQ LO\~. D ~H"# îH Q~= [
îH ==~ =~O K@" HHO_, x`r=# =~ _
=~^~HO K@O P#"~u.
u O=`~O Q 1771 OQ [iy# L`" H~ ^
OY qK~. POQ `<x OKx H~# Pk< J}z"x
Z^~ K# HOh D L`=O XH Q îHOk. HOh
g^ u~Q@ HO H~ P^ =~O@<~# `
L`=O # H~ =O q^ HOh JkH~ H [iOz,150
=Okx |e f<~. D O@# ~ye# PQ* #O_ @HK~,
H~ = <x =E H~. HOh JkH~ g^ JH_H_ u~Q|_`#
H~ uH~K` P^ K\~. [# ~ [qO^~#, ^j
# _Q@_O P~OaOK~. D "~ =E ^j H~O
H~` Y _ ~~.
D <Ô ~O"# H~< u~Q@ H=OQ [
HO =OzOk. P<\ Qg} [, ~`, W`~ =~ [ @ HOh
J#i# ~H q^<, OH~ H=O _ H~OQ
==iOz# PkH~ f~`# H~ HxH H~}=~. H~#
|e f# H~`H O@# J@ H~#, W@ <#, [#, ~
[qO^~# UHO K~. P}z"`, ^_ #O_ q=HO H"O> ~Ow#
ìq "@" =~=x P =~ f~xOK<~.
P<_ =E# ~@ kQ #_Oz# i`#, "`=~}h
c~O KOk# =Y OQe Hq [q~n< ^^~, 1873 O=`~O
~# Majnu Shaher Hakikat J# ^H=O q=iOK~. D ^H=O
H~OQ, =E H~ `# Q~= ^~+ g^ =*~ =^ "Q, P<\
OH~ i`# q=i, Hk *hHO H=O =# =~}<~.
" rq`# H_. HOh U*O@,PkH~ JkH ~q# HO ~`#,
Ku =$` "ix, [# O<~. [ Q= =ê "o`<~x,
P# ~<~. ( Lakhs of people are dying in famine; try to save their
60
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
lives ! The Company's agents and paiks torture artisans and ryots for exorbitant
revenue and people are deserting villages, The Fakirs and Sannyasi Uprising,
SHAHER HAKIKA (Bengali) quoted in The Fakirs and Sannyasi Uprising, Atis
Atis K. Dasgupth, 1992, Page 62) D i`

QiOz OQ `<O^
K. Dasgupth, 1992, Page 63)
raid the storage where rice was hoarded, distribute all provisions among
the starved and drive out the English as no alternative is left., MUJNU
P P^# JO^# =E `` `= ~\xH <HÒ

HiOz, q^j# ~Ow# ìq "\xH Ô H"eOkQ ^j
# JiOK~. ~` Ôx [Oî îH == ~H} HO,
=` ^~ JfÒQ [ ~\ <HÒ =OK=x ~} "hx
H~@O ^~ =E P<\ ~[^~x Q~qOK~. =`$Ô #O_ ~Ow#
ìq"x, ^ ~^+# [#, HOh ^_ ^+H #O_
q=HO K# L`= H ^# HO, P ~@ g~ =` JfÒQ
==iOK~.
D WO_ HOh ^_,`< =u~HOQ u~Q|_# H~
<Q < O aOzOk. H~< H ~Ow g^ K#
^_ q[ kOK~. XH K@ < H~ <HÒ
=, =~K@ H~ < <HÒ =Oz D WO_ HOh
## =\ HiOz Ki` $+OK~. =E Qi ~@ ^`#
J#iOK~. [qO^~, =_ "~# =[#, [qO^~, HOh
, HOh JkH~ g^ ^_ yOK~. [qO^~ =O^Q
^_ q+O è, HOh " qi =E ^ ^_
K# O@# L<~. H_OnQ ^H ~OkOz q[=OÒQ
J= K =E H~ HOh JkH~#, # YOQ uxOK~.
^H# YzÒQ J= K_xH, Qg} `H tH} Wz
\ +"# Q_Ki ==# =E U~@ K<~. D Q_K~
HOh ^ ^ HêH# =E H} K~""~. D ~O
èx POQkH~ `= ^H =E Z JO^`< J~OHH
J=O _"~. =E ^ =O^ OY < K@# ="O
J~x, | < OÒ g^ ^_ [~Q~x xH JkH~ #O_
Yz`"# =K~O JOk<, HOh |Q =E ^# x=iOKH
=~ KuH_~. u ^# ~@O 500 =Ok =~ #
H~# qHiOK@O, =`HOQ `$= g^ ^_ [~@O, H_OnQ
^H ~K# [~Q@O Q=x, H~ ^ ^HK`~O, =E =~O
61
62
~@# KeOkQ P# =E # P^tOK~.

D ~@# O`# OîOz [ H+ M#, WH@#
OQ `# =E, `# H# [ =OÔK~. a\+~ ~H
K~# OK# *hHO P# t+=~OQ U~_~. ^#OQ 1773
<\ H=O H~}OQ [ =E ^ ^ OY =z K~~. P<\
HOh , [qO^~ ==iOz# ^^H} x q^<
eÒQ [, ^#OQ ~`, =E =^` eH~x HOh JkH~
~# Y ^~ Òk. ( In the years subsequent to the famine, their
ranks were swollen by a crowd of strarving peasants , The Fakirs and
Sannyasi Uprising, Atis K. Dasgupth, 1992, Page 07 ) [ =` ==~
*HO KO@ WH@ HQK# "#O _ =E D O^~OQ

Q=xOK~. D K~ _ J@ =O H~ W@ O^ <
HH~}=~. 1772 OÒ <\~ =~} "hH P# Y
~ H~, [ L^qOK_xH è# H~} D q+x _
qOK~. P HO POQ ` K# 150 =Ok H~ q^ O@##
_ P# ~} ^$+H `K~. ( ' He wrote letters to Maharani of Nator
that English had obstructed them in visiting the shrines and other places
and rising was inevitable ' - Muslims and Inidia's Freedom Movement ,
Shan Muhammad, IOS, New Delhi, 2002, Page 04 )
D "~ U~_# s t+|$OÔ` =E `# Q~= =^

K~~. [ ^~~ i`# q=iOK~. [ "^# `# Q~=
f=OQ =^ KO^~. ~Ow g^ f= PQO =HO K~. z=~, <Q
<` H P^ K@O_. P~ ^~#, ~` O@#
^z\# y_OQ g^ ^_ [~O_. P~ ^~# PHe` J=\#
[ OKO_. ~Ow# ìq"O_. JO`HO> =~ `=O ^.
P^ K@O_. =O^ HÔ_, JO@ =E H~# ^
~\xH ^~ + P*O K~. ( Take up arms, unite with the Naga Sanyasis,
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
J~==Òk. =E ^ ^#OQ D WO_ HOh HKs,

H~Q~, HOh `` ^, H@ q^ ^_ [i~. [
#O_ |=OÒQ = K# ~"## =@Q\ HOhH K~"\xH
` [~Q`<# =K~O JO^Q< P OÒ g^ ^_ [iQk.
P OÒ = K# ~q# "`# n#O Kx [ JO^*
H~ =O J"~. D O^~OQ ~"# #Q^, H~ ~O HO_O^
=O^ *Q`Q `= JkH~#, Q=#, HOh ``# [gO^~#
HKi #O_ i=x _ HOh z# O@## |\
=E ZO` H_OnQ ^_ x~OK~ J~O KH=K. z=~ HOh
^ |Q H L<, ^~ ` =E ^ ^_ [i
Ki` $+OK~.
[# _Oz JkH =_x QOA`# =_ "~ (=[#)
@ =E x~H}OQ ==iOK~. [ #O_, `= Q_Ki #O_
=K~O JO^Q< =_ "~ ^ g^ ^_# x~OK@O, aOz#
#Q^# n#O KH=@O, =[# =^## ~}`#, `#M
`#, n# `# `Q>, q+` =[# [
Z@=O\ |H~ KeOKe# J=~O ^x H\ Oz, Z@=O\ =
K~^x =[## Oz H~ ^ J^$=q. D ^_ y<
P<_ ^j =~H"}*x Ô<#O K# HOh =~, "i ``#
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@ =E, P# ^ ZO` Q~=OQ =iOKx HOh
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=# [ U qÔQ# H+ #+O HQO_ =E K~ f<~.
63
D "~ +"# J^# *s K~. ( ' Mudgenoon ( Majnu) has given
injuctions to his own followers to aviod all kinds of oppression or severity and
to take nothing but voluntary contributions from the people by way of charity
' A letter dated 25th junuary 1772 from Supervisor of Rajshahi to the Controlling
Council of Revenue of Murshidabad, quoted by Antis K. Dasguptha, page 65)
D "~ ^ ^ `y# KiH# *s K@"HH, LO#

[iy` ~ Ô O_ ZO`\ x`_< Hi# tH`k H^.
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=^"~. POQ iH~x\ ^_ ÔQQ =`" J@ H~Qh,
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64
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iu =^H~OQ =i#\H, `= `=# K@=\ L#O^#, P##
zH` xqÒ =~H O`xH `~eOK@O J#K~ Ô H^.' Inspite
65
of their best efforts, the officials and the sepoys of the Company could
not, for a single occasion, capture Majnu, though the latter was severely
injured in his last enounter; Jx POQkH~ `= L`~ ~x
Q _ # P * < _ =E# @ H H ` = J = ~ ` #
H\ OK<~.
n~ ~@ Ki` =~ `$= =O #O_ KHKHOQ
ÒK# H~ =<x =E H~ D i =$`= \H~ W=@O
Ô H^. D qÔQ a\+~ g^ è u~Q@ *O_# ZQ~"#
= <_Q H~ =<x =E # ~O@, =Y POQ
Ki`H~_ Cleig ~# Memory of Warren Hastings J# QOÔ ( Against
this ruthless invador (British) first flag of revolt was unfurled by Majnu
shah, the leader of a band of Fakirs along with Bhawani Pathak, the leader
of a band of Sannyasis. It lasted upto 1800 )
Ja=iOz#@, =Y
Ki`H~_ Dr. Santimay Ray `# ~# Freedom Movemnt and Indian

Muslims, PPH, New Delhi, 1983 page 1, L@OHOK~. D O^~OQ
=E H ~ a\+~ q^ yOz# ~\#, P# =~x Dr. Santimay
Ray q=i,' The role of Majnusha is particularly Significant. He was an
organiser of great ability, a great commander-in-chief who fought in the
midst of a very trying situation against the superior armed forces of the
British. He inflicted series of defeats to British armies led by Mackenzi
Jx ~<_.
z=~ P =^_ =E H~ `# s Q_ =Y<~
x `# "# =< ~ J#K~, [# =^ 1787
H#=~.
66
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67
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69
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Liberty) Jx <=H~}O K@" HO_ `## `# "~ ~_Q (
KOk# _
TIPU , CITIZEN OF MYSORE) K<_. XH ~[iH ==
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73
OK H~. \ =$`^xH JO` ^~O xx, K@`

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<\ #O_ WO_ =#k (Now India is Ours) Jx H\ OK_. \ q^
q[O kOKH [iy# qO^ F POQ
kHi Thomas Munro =\_ `
" We can easily capture all of India but Tipu is the only hurdle.." J<_O>
\ a\+~ ^~H=}# ZO` |OQ Z^~<_ J=QÒ J=Òk.
D qÔQ a\+~` H^# ~OQ# ~_`, ~} q< z=i
=ê# ^j \ ^=_x Ki` P## HiOzOk. (.."Tipu
Sultan was the single brave hero of Indian Histroy who fighting the Britishers
met his martydom in the battle field..." Prof.Jaya Prakash) [ =#
\ U~~K# ~ <x Q=xOz# Q=~~ [#~ ~ " a\+

<kH~ Wz# qO^ =\_`, ' q`~ q=e, ## D OKO
=i =K. J~` \ $` HHO xezQ= ( " I fear my
friends that Tipu's memory will live long after the world has ceased to
remember you and me..." )
Jx x" JiOK@O q+O. `= K`

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06. ^ J=^ |~e

~` ÒÒQ=O QOQ y# ~\ J~
à@ a\+ =# =u~HOQ `H ~\ yOz =c
L^=O `H Ki` $+OzOk. P `~"` ~` Ò`=O Jy
QOQ MuQOz# HO <\ ^~@ g~ =`$ÔHO
LiH, `H QO_# z~#=` HiOKO^ =c ^ ~}Q
xeK~. J@=O\ =c g~# `~ K, a\+ = =u~HOQ
~rx ~@O QO^ [# ~Oz# =h_ ^ |~e.
16 = `|O J~a J| = ~OaOz# ^ WO
îH O^ L^=O ' =c L^=O Q Mu KOkOk. P L^=x
~` ^xH iKO K# ^ J=^, L`~^ ~+Ox ~|~e
l |~e Q=O 1766 [xOK~. 1803 P# qÔ i K,
WO\H uiy =z q"O K<~. P `~"` P# \OH (Tonk) #"|
Jg~ M< #O K~_. Ò` #"|Q # y# Jg~ M< #O
P# =Oz xH tH} O^~. P# H# ^ x ^
Z`Q_ =Oz g}O OkOz ` ^ g~_Q Mu Q_OK~.
75
^ #j~ J=^
1817 Jg~ M< a\+ Pk`x JOwHiOK@O`, ~^j
~Q _ y@x ^ J=^, #" Jg~M< = Q_@O U=Ò
W+O H P L^Qx =x"~.
\OH #O_ uiy =KH P<_ Q`# WqH #~^~}
L^= =~^~HÒ =# =Y WqH ``"` =b
(170362), P# =~_ J| Jr* (17461823) îH Ô`
@ JHi`~. P Ô`# [ q=i , P# J<H O`
~\OK_. g~\, =[~#Q~, +~<~ [, P `~"` J^,
<~, H#~, H, ~\Oz ~YO_# îOK~. D ~@#
P# `# îH Ô`# Q K~O K~. D O^~OQ< P#
=# [ Z^~O@# îHHH =# gO #O_ Q=xOK~.
D = ~^j # ^# H~}=x P# qOK~. JO^=#
P #O_ ^x q=H Kx x~~OK<~.
1821 E < ^ J=^ |~e ~|~e #O_ *`
~OaOK~. 1822 " =O P# =H K~< iH P# "O@
"Ò 800 =Ok t+ =K~. =H P# J| = QiOz,
P# K~O K# ^ WO QiOz q<~. PqÔQ P# J|
=c k# =c OÔ iK"Ok. D ùH Ô`xH ^
J=^ q`_~. Y~< P^, ==^ =H ^# <^
g^ Q`# =c L^= O^#, îH f~ `## J#iOKx
x~~OK# ^ J=^ |~e 1824 U =O Ô K~<~.
Ô ~Q< xHOQ <Hx# ~[H, OH, îH
i`# Q=xOK~. =c îH =~O H~OQ ^ WO#, =H
=~h =O `.K Ò_ P#iOK K_O>, Jk WqH ~[O
=`" ^=x ^ J=^ qOK~. a\+ # Ô #O_
ìq "x OHeOK~. D "~ t+# =Ò KQ~.
~` Ô #O_ POQ ìq"` ^# ÔQ s OY =c
H~H~# =~<O^ ^=O`\ ~ ~@# K~. D
~@# [ `# ùH, PiH, ~[H Ô`#, q^<#
q=iOK~. P# s J#K~=~O U~_Ok. D ~@# O^~OQ K@
76
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
=c HO^# U~@ K~. P HO^ =~# x~# xqOz,

=c `` K~O KeOkQ, a\+~ g^ ^~~@O ~OaOKeOkQ
P# L^kOK~. P `~"` `= =`~"#, ~[H q^<# J=
~O^ ~# =~O HO J<+} yOK~.
D PK# ~=#OQ "=i^ O`x ~\Oz
Hx O`# ZOH K<~. P< `Q P## Q~=Q HiOK~.
P `Q *hHx =c Ô`` qÒ K, i^ J=è "
#O_ _ O O^=Kx P# PtOK~. ^~~@O HO Hê
~=x t+, J#K~ xK~. P# =Oz O^#
aOzOk. 1826 [#=i 17 `k `H# ^ J=^ |~e `#
"# ~|~e #O_ a\+~ q^, P ``Q =i# ^j
q^ JOu= ~ yOKO^ | ^~~. P# J^ "~
}# `$}OQ qOz `lOK\xH U =Ò "#H_x s t+Q}O
P# "O@ HkeOk. =b ==^ W~ O\ =Y K~`
U~_# =O_e _ P# "O@ LOk. P# ^=OQ Qe~
K~<~. Qe~ O<n_ P## Q~=OQ PxOK_. JH_
`# J#K~=~x xH O` qQQ =i JH_ #O_ \OH K~x,
Jr~, ~[\< ^@O@ O^ K~<~. P# TOz# qÔQ
O^ Jg~ H~O JO^^. J@=O\ x~i` O^# Z^~=`#\H
P# @^` =O^ Q`, 1826 #=O|~ 20= `n#, J#Q ^^
k =@ =_ " " "~ y# OQ =~ `~"` z=~
`# |Q`@Q =~ K~x, z=~ Q=#O K~<~.
Q=#O K~HQ< ^ J=^ Ò` ~[# NH~O
K\~. `= ^~~\x ~OaOKO^ P# K~^ J# O`x
Z#<~. JH_ #O_ ``Q a\+~ J#OQ ==i#, `=#
i ~ `=Q iQ}, `= =~xH J_OHQ L# O* q^
^x H\ OK~. XH " ^ H@#Qq, =~"# "=
i^ O`x [ ^ WO QiOz k, WO =u~H"#
=_K~# q_<_=x K~O K~. D =~ #Kx ~< <
P# P^ @ JO`Q uOkOK^. =# *hHx PHiOz#O`Q
77
P# ^# POQ #O_ ax O^`# ~~# <#

[OQ< PH@HH~. P~#\H P# Ò` ~*x OK~.
P# HQ# qÔQ ^ WO H~OQ P# ~[# ~OaOK~.
D i`# ~< *u [#, =YOQ ~< < U=Ò
JOwHiOKH~. D "~ HO`HO Q_KH P OÒ ~Ò
aOzOk. Ò` ~[# XH ~ aOKH, P# t g^ ^~
Ô H\ OK~. è ^ t, P^ J#K~ =^# ~},
^_ [~Q` =K~. z=~ 1831 H\ =^ =~* ~Ol`
OQ` x~`H Ô ~O"Ok. D Ô ^ J=^ `#
J#K~` g~zÒQ ~_~. D O^~OQ P# ^# J#K~_
=< ==^ W~, P# =Y J#K~ 3 =O^ =Ok =~
+^~.
z=~ 1831 " 6 `k# ^ J=^ |~e +^ J~.
P# P<_ P~OaOz# ~@O ^ @ yOk. ~` ^=O`\
=c L^= `H ~~_~. P# J~ t+Q}O P# ^x
PÔQ HiOz POQ =u~H ~\ =O^ #_zOk. D
t+|$O^" 1857 <\ ^= Ò`=~O JQQ# xz }
JiOzOk. XH ^ =c ^= Ò` OQ=xH H~x a\+
JkH~ qOK ~ ^ J=^ |~e J#K~ |=Y `#
x~OK~. (.. Even in the case of the Mutiny, (Sri Jhon kaye) tells us
that undoubtedly the prime movers in the rebellion (of 1857), and those
who most zealously fanned its sparks into flames, were Musalman's and
those Musalmans were undoubtedly Wahabis.''- The Communal Triangle In
India , Ashok Mehata and Achyut Patwardhan, Kitabistan, Allahabad 1942,
page 96).
^ J=^ |~e K# =~O "O@ #_ Ò` ~`=xx

kOKO^ ZO` =Ok =c |~. =`$Ô HO z=~HO\
~rx ~@O [i# =c H #~HOQ MuQOz# JO_=< *
O|_# è<\ Ò`=~ ^Q MuQ_OK~. a\+
`#O #O_ ~`=x q=H"O` =~ ^ J=^ |~e ~yeOz#
KÒ`^= nH` =c ~ yOz Ki`~~.
78
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
a\+ = =u~HOQ qHqOz# g~_
07. \@ q~
a\+ ="^ # ~OO #O_ ^= Ò` OQ=OQ
Ki`HH# u~Q@ =~ a\+ =["^ =u~HOQ
u~Q@ [iQ~. D ^ ~\ Ki` =c yOz# u~Q@
K ^#"Ok. D L^= _ ^ P=^ |~e HQ, P L^=xH
=~j` HeOz, a\+~ D Q_# =ê "O` =~ y# ~\
~}Q xz# H~~_ \@ q~.
OQx #~|i OÒx ^~~ H KO^~
1782 ( 1183 ==O 14= `k# ) \@q~1 [xOK~. è ~
~Ya. Ò_ ~ q~ x~ Jb. #H~ ~` @O|O. \@ q~#
\@ q Jx _ eK"~. ==O @ U=Ò PH Kx P#
1. OQe ~K~u =` ^q ~# ' \@ q~ J# QOÔ q~ x~ Jbx
\@ q~ Ò_Q ~<~. =c L^= Ki` QO^, \@ q~# q~ x~ Jb
Q ~#\H, =` ^q =Ò P# ~# \@ q~Q# Ò_ ~ x~
JbQ# ~#@O, J@ \@ q~ _ `# O`HO ' q~ x~ Jb =~_
\@ q~ Jx ~#@O =# ' \@ q~ =`" P ^x ~# ~ JxOk.
79
^ #j~ J=^
Qq} O`x O^H P^ LyOK@O HO Q_`,
P q^ =Oz HO OkOK~. Q=O Z=iH U P^ =z<
<#<#O@ =Ok, k` =## O^_. J<x
J^~x U =Ò OKx P# [Q}O =~ [qO^~
=#+
`, b` ~ H~}"Ok. P# _Q L#_ =c
<_ q+< ` iKO HeyOk. J =O a\+~, [qO^~

=u~HOQ [~Q`# * ~\ QiOz `<~.
z#`#O #O_ "=O @ Z= == K# \@ q~ Hk
HO< =Oz =^Q MuQOK~. D "~ \ #_xH
P# O =ê HH` "o~. JH_ W=_H 1815 uiy
=z# P# <_ O`xH KOk# [qO^~ ^= Kî H=
K~~. D O^~OQ <_ [iy# XH ~} #@O =# P#
=_ O=`~ tH _Ok. D O@# `~"` [gO^~ H=#
=ê\~. P =O =c `` ^_ ^ J=^ |~e
QiOz q<~. P## H< Ò LO_Q, HH`x b#
=~xH KOk# q~ H= K~~. P# \@ q~ ^
P=^ y# ~\ QiOz q=iOK~. D O^~OQ J=^ t
q^ y# ~\xH H~}# q=iOK~.( " Why did Ranjith Singh
sign a treaty with the British? why did he sign away the freedom of Tonk,
Peshawar and places like that ? why did he surrender Punjab, the land of
the brave, to the English ? All this filled his anger " - Titu Mir, Mahasweta
Devi, Page 51)
P =O ~H ~ =^ POQ
kH~ P[# kH iOz,
=$`=# P#OÔQ HQeOK# ~f xH ^ QiOz q<~. F
Q=O [xOz< OKO UO [~`#^# q+# `H=_xH
PH K@O =#, P "~ P# OkOz# i*#O q+` ZO`
LQ_Ok.
1823 OÒ q~ @Oc` @Q P# =H
"~. =H P# ^ J=^# He q+ q^ KiOK~.
D O^~ O Q, ' ~~# ^_xH <# xK#. =O =*x
H# Ke LOk. JO^ =#=O` #_O H\x P# K# Ô
\@ q~# Q P@Ok. ~l L^= x~` r +i`#
80
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
_ \@ q~ =H He~. D =Q~ < H~H ~` Ô

a\+~ =u~HOQ ' =c~r L^= =O` Q\xH LQ_Ok.
\@ q~ =H #O_ uiy =KH HO`HO HH` Q_
#~|i ^Q~ Q ^~~ "o JH_ ~x"O U~@ Kx, =c
``K~O K@O rqÒQ x~~OKx, P Ò Q=,
@} u~Q` [ <uH, îH ^# KQ~. P ~@#
O^~OQ< D WO_ HOh JkH~, [qO^~, =[# y#
^_x K~. [ PHO^# q<~. [ = i~O HO, D
^_x, ^_ # x~kOKx x~~OK<~.
D i` W LO_Q HOh [ rq`# #
=~ QiK K~# J=H `K~. HOh K~
=# [ H+## J#qOKe =zOk. D x~ x $ <Ô
\@ q~ ^# =#, OQx l =c |O Q
~QyOk. =cO` XH H@H=@O`, `=O` XH ==# K`#O
iy, _# =u~HOQ ~_# PK# [ JOiOzOk. ' SH=Ò
=|O J# <#_x J#=O `# k` [ =`H O_
[qO^~ JH= _=O_# u~iOK@O ~OaOK~. .
D "`=~}O qOQ__x ~ Q=O [qO^~ =c#
J_<O^ J=#+ K~ J=H `K_. ="`~ O_Q
=c =O_ q~ = K@O ~OaOK_. x~HiOz# [#
OOK@O, x~OkOK@O, J==# ~@O x`H$`"Ok. HOh JkH~
P[#, [qO^~ P^# t~=OKx = rq` ^~~"
~. [ [gO^~ K~# x~OK~. =c PQO =HO
KQ~. J}y=}y L# [ =H=`# =~# Q=xOz# ~
O`xH KOk# [qO^~ H$+^=~, Q=Ox =c ^# eOz
KiOK_. =c Q_O f"x ^ Q_O Oz#O^ ~O_~
Zxqk J}# ' Q_O # H\x P^tOK_. P Q_O # KeOK_xH
=c x~HiOK~. [qO^~ U*O@ |=OÒQ Q_O ## =
K@" HH, x~HiOz# =c Q_# @x QO[@O O\ J==#H~
K~ _~. ( their beards were plucked by the Zamindar's agents -
Wahabi And Farazi Rebels of Bengal, Nirmal Kaviraj, PPH, New Delhi,
=O OK~. [ F~ =OK~. [qO^~

=iO` ~z_. x# Q= ~` g^ Q|\_. [ Q$
P q^ ^_ K~Oz qÔO $+OK_.
[qO^~ PQ_ quq~@O` `xi iu P K~#
x=iOKO^ \@ q~ <HÒ [ u~Q|_~. D O^~OQ
17631800 <\ H~ ~\ # <` "~_# +H~ ~<
`# J#K~` \@q~` He_. [, =c, #~ |i Q=O
K~<~. O^H P^# =~<~. ~ ^=~.
=~ S^ =O^=Ok ~ Q=O q^ 1831 #=O|~ 6# ^_ K~.
D q+x Q\ # [qO^~, O# =O^Q< Q=O q_z
i~. HOh , JkH~ x~O #, [qO^~ ^+H`
qy~# [, u~Q|_# =c "O@ QO^ =O^ =K~. D
^_# x~kOKQ ~ J@ [qO^~ Qx W@ H=~ Qx
H=@O` =c P`~O iyOk.
PK~ O^# J==# ~~# H` P~O"# ^_ P
`~"` H=OQ k# =~<~. [ =lH, PiH H_QO_# \@
q~ iQ}}H f<~. D =~ =#, =`` O|OÔ O_
H=H=OQ Jx =`, =~, ^ *hHO ==^ x~ Pb "O@
#_K~. P `~"` s OY |Q K~@O`, #~|i (
Narklberia) P# F "^~ H~ H@# xiOK~. D H@ XHH qQxH
XHH Qkx U~@ K~. P^ Qk, P~ ^~ Qk, H~O,
`k`~ `H U~@# HeOK~. P^#, P~ ^~# sQ
HiOK~. |Q# =~x ~@O tH} WOK~.
^ J=^ |~e H\ ~}O 1831 H#=_x è#
`~"`, \@ q~ =c #`# `x U~@ K~. P# ^
Q#, "~An< =OuQ#, "#_ =O <kuQ#, M~
"O_ ["^~Q H\ OK|_~. D "~ P O` [qO^~
=K~q, J=~"# ==# OeOkQ, # H\eOkQ J^t
J*`# O~.D ` q^ 'q~ x~ Jb =~_ \@ q~
81
82
1982 Page 34 )
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
Jx P# O`H K~. D Y [qO^~ H=~O HeyOK~.

\@q~ K~# `` HOh JkH~ JO`Q \ OKH^.
~ Q=O g^ ^_ [~QH=O^ JkH~ =K~O è< eÒ
O_~Ok. P# ^ |_ Hk b JkH~ #O_, he =O^
O@# O_KO^ WO_ =z# a\+ O@~ #O_ ~^ ~=@O`
POQ JkH~ "<~.D u~Q@# J}z"_xH HH` Hq+#~
|~` *~O\ "l\ _q `H Pêz O~. \@ q~ |Q#
Z^~H P JkHi #O z`yOK_. =~H JkHi JQO_~ K=`
H# @~ i_. D u~Q@ ^ ^~ # =i,
` Z\<, "#HO[ "O_ u~Q@ g~ =O^ ^
=K"~x <_ l "l\ P~O =HO K# O@#, =c,
"i "O@ #_z# [ ~ ~H= JÔ _`~. a\+ xHb
|Q ix, } H_H\xH `# _ i=@O
[iyO^x, P^` `~= =# u~Q@ ^~ #O_ ÒKH_xH
5 " iQ`#x P POQ JkHi ~# x"kH D qÔQ q=iOK_.
("..all most every person on my side running away. and that individual
D O` \@ q~ J#K~^ z=i =@~Ok. HOh #,

[qO^~ `#O H#=~QOk. z=~ P O` b JkH~
x"kH# KH, [gO^~ ~^# =iOKH, HH` Hq+#~
`H JkH~ HeOz, <x ~OQOH kOK~. "[~ \ <`$Ò
k ~l"O@ HO, XH JtH Ô, ~Oy Ô, `H ~H}^# O~.
"[~ \ HiOKO^ QÒ \@ q~ Ku ~l`_# JQO_~,
H< ^~O_# _ P# "O@ O~.
P =O =c <_ \@ q~ `# |Q` #~
|i L<~. 1831 #=O|~ 19= `k#, s |Q` Jx" #O_
HOh JkH~ =c H@# K@ =\~. \@ q~ J#K~ `
|Q# g~zÒQ Z^~<~. \@ q~ <`$Ò q["g~ ~"
JO@ H@x |Q ~_Q~. P =O HOh JkHi "H_<
^$+ \@ q~ q^ _Ok. P## QiOKH, P# Ja=YOQ ~Oyx
\ @O` \@ q~ f=OQ Q_ e~. POQ |Q
=O^ ^ =z ~OQ` \@ q~ H@# ÔO K~.
D qÔQ u~Q@ g~_ \@ q~ 1831 #=O|~ 19#
H^#~OQO `$=` ~_` H#=~. P J=~ g~_ uHHxH
OQ `= JO`H [~O\=x Q= JiOz<, HÔ@
WO =` O^ q~ÔQ =$`^x JOQkHi JQO_~
`# OQ ^Q~ LO_ ^#O K~OK_. D O^~OQ J`# =\_`,
assistance was of no avail,I also was obliged to run for my life,..after
running 5 miles I reached."- Wahabi And Farazi Rebels of Bengal,Page 40)
XH" a\+~ ^_# Z^~O@<, ~` q^ AO î#

O@~ g^ ^_ ~OaOK~. |"# ~H} == Hey# O@~,
u~Q@ ^# Z^~#H P`~H}~O H~Q~, q=O`"# =<
=ke #Q~ i~. [qO^~, O@~# =`" HO_ D
=^` W# ^x H =~ @ _ \@ q~ x~H}
OQ ==iOK~.
D O^~OQ O^=Oh ê K^. XH O^~O +~~
Q=xH KOk# O#_ ~ "=^, [qO^~ =` HQ
P#, P# ^~x WO\g^ qÔH~ ^_ [iyOk. =~ O^~O
\@ q~` K` HQ#x | [qO^~ N=<~ ~, a\+~#
kiOz# O^~ _ L<~.
POQ JkH~#, HOh |Q# uH_` \@ q~ |Q
OQx |~#`, <_ l, i~ O` g^ @ OkOK~.
83
" ..If we do not burn his body,Titu Mir will not be totally destroyed. If his
followers get hold of his dead body they will start another rebellion. Even
his corpse is dangerous. Burn the fort..." ( Titu Mir , Mahasweta Devi,
Page117) Jx
x =HO K_.
D ~}O 50 =Ok J=~~. =c <#, ^#
Jb~ * |OkOK~. QO =O LitH qkOK~. Q=O #_gk
P# uHHx ~A `~|_ "_n~. D ~ f=OQ Q_#
q~ x~ Jb =~_ `~ Jb, Q~ Jb ~H tH _~.
D O@# "Ò 197 =OkH Hi# H~Q~ tH, nO`~" tH
qk f~ K@O`, Ò` OQ=O |~` u~Q@ Q k
KOk# ~@O `èHOQ =yOk.
84
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^_ QO_ `Ò $+Oz#
08. r +s`
Ò`^= Ki` q=H~ i^H"# L^= ~r
u~Q@ =Y #O OkOk. D WO_ HOh ~` Ô
xÔ@# HH =O a\+~ g^ u~Q@# H\ Oz# ~r
L^=x xiOz, [#, ^#OQ Qg} ~ÒQx, ~ @# #_Oz#
=<` r +s`.
`~ OQx s^~ l, |^~ Q=# 1780
+s` [xOK~. P# Ò_ J| *e #H~ ~`. èÔ_
K<` q.z#<\ #O_ PûH zO`# J=_# +i` 18= U@<
* K_xH =H "~. JH_ = O_`_ ' +H `~ L~ O
=H (Shaikh tahir-ur-Sambai-al-Makki) =^ t+iHO aOzOk. WO îH
QO^# H~~ =` J^#O K~. PûH O_`_Q Mu Q_OK~.
=H Ki`H =c L^= x~` ^ J=^ |~e, ~@
g~_ \@ q~# P# H<~. ^ WO #O_ î``#
=O# ~# îH =~O #_OK_xH H"e# H$+x, J `
J_HQ ~Ow g^ Ke# ^~~@O QiOz KiOz =~x
85
^ #j~ J=^
x~tOK<~.1802 =H #Oz Q="# s^~ K~<~. Ô
~Q<, =H y# K~, ZOK# rq` H J#Q}OQ r
+i` îH ^# ~OaOK~. `~ OQx O`,
Q=# P# OîOK~. D "~ y# ^# =# s^~,
Y~QO*, ""OQ O` P# =Oz J#K~ =~O U~_@O`,
` |OQ^ ~[^x _H (Dacca) g# Q #"i (Navabari) J#
Q=x `# HOÔQ Kx +i` `# H~H# P~OaOK~.
=`$Ô POQ # L#O^#, `$ ÔQ H\ Oz, D
^x `$Ô #O_ ÔQ =~x r +s` qOK~. D
"~ P H ^# HO #_O H\ , P# =~^~HÒ y# t+
~r Q =|_~. P ~r yOz# ~\ ~r u~Q@
Q Ki` Q}uHH~.
P# yOz# ~@# Qg} O` [, ^#OQ ~`,
=$`# J#i# @O "`# Q=xOK~. D "` POQ
H =~, P =~ ``# [qO^~, =[#, JkH~
^# H~}=x QOK~. [# _# P =~ @ P# f=
JQO =HO K~. D q+x QOz# P ^_ =~ ~r =u~HOQ
UH=~. qlOz eOK `~ ^`# J#iOK~.~r
k#, îH O^` UHqOKx =O# ~r =u~HOQ
~KQ\~. D @, H~}OQ 1831 ~O#Q~ Q=O ~r,
[gO^~ =^`^~ =^ ~} [iyOk. P O@## ~iOKx
r +i` g^ H #"^ K~. H O H=_O` P## q_z
\e =zOk. P `~"` P# #=i #O_ s^~ "o~.
D O@# ~r# U =Ò x~`~^. r =K<,
Ô =#, P O` =lH i` <Ô ~r OY
J#OQ iQ Hn [ P`~O OAHyOk. x~}~OQ ~r
XH û H~OQ O\`=~. [gO^~ JH$`# ^~OQ
Z^~\xH ^=~. [qO^~, HOh JkH~ `#O, ^_ K~
=# ^ _`# Qg} ^ ~ÒQO ~r "O@ #_zOk. O\`=`#
~r# x=iOKH` Z^~H## WH@# Q~iy# [qO^~, ~r#
86
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
==# ~=_xH ^H ÔK<~. [qO^~, =_ "~

U^ XH ` [# OOKQ~.[qO^~ J}z"`, OiQ
Hn =# [ ~r J#OQ =~Q~. [qO^~,
H=~ TOz#@Q HO_, ~r OY, ~r# =iOK Qg}
~` OY H=OQ ~QyOk.
a\+ O@~ g^, [qO^~, =[# q^ u~Q@
r +i` xK~. ~r OY iQHk, P O` "iH
@ aOK Hn J}z"`, O# [ Z^~=@O ~OaOK~. [
g^, ~r g^ J}z"` L^$Ò JHn u@# iyOk.J}z"`
iQ Hk u@# iyOk. H =~ J}z"` qH$`~O îOK Hk
[ P# =iO` K~=HQ~. [qO^~ ^_, O@~ H~`H
K~ #O_ `=# H_O^ `~e =z# ~H_Q +s`# [
Q~qOKQ~. D q+x, Dr. James wise,1894 Journal of the Royal
Asiatic Society of Bengal, part III ~# XH "O ".. the more he perse-
PûH ==~ q^ ^$+ x~. P^~"# rq`x Q_Q~.

[ J} z " ` , _ # #, =u ~ H O z#O^ #, ^ W O #, = #`x
kOz#O^#, `~ OQ JO`\ +s` =K< Q K~O
O^~. |"# t+=~O U~_Ok. D t+, P `~"` S~^ ^
=~ [iy# ~ r L^=xH \ + " # <^ "~. [, _` *hHO,
~` P## `= Ò_Q Q~qOK~. P# K# @ #_K~. D
q+x _ _H~ *" `# "O '..his pure and simple life dedicated
cuted, the more did he (shriathulla) become the symbol of a new awaking
amongst the peasantry. During the next four years he was called upon to
face tryannical indogo planters, oppressive mahajans and zamindars,
whenever there had been a case to defend.." Jx J<_x Freedom Movement and Indian Muslims(Page 6)
QOÔ =Y Ki`H~_ _H~ Ou
" ~ L@OHOK~.
[ =~^~HÒ =, H =~ LK zHO_
r +s` *Q` _~ . ~ r x~Oz# u~Q@ P# H jH
ix JOkOz#\H a\+ JkH~, b =~, K\ P# î
K~H~. P# g^ H #"^ K#\H *|O Q P#
g^ J~Oz# <~# ~[= K@O `~, b Ô H^.
*HO@ q^ ^["`@O ~OaOz# ~r, `= =~xH J_ x#
u XHih, `=Q iQ}OK~. [ =z# D =~ PiH, OH,
~[H, =~ H~}"Ok. P H=O ~} Jx"~"Ok. D "`=~}O
=OQ Q= LkH i` U~_~. [qO^~, HOh
[# OOK Q~. [ q^ [qO^~, JkH~ ^_
JkHO H=@O` +s` =HQÒQ ~} "Yix q~qOK<~. z=~
87
to the cause of the oppressed, clarity of his social philosophy, his

uncomprising and gentle courage made him the beloved idol of the poor
who looked upon him as their fathe ',
Jx ~O@, J<_ r +s`

yOz# H$+H H O eH_. D "O r +i` H$+x, P#
[ ~yeOz# K`# *# q, H =~, ''.. P## OOK
Hn +s` ^, _` [ uxkQ, ~ÒQ #`# K`<xH OHÒ
P_.. Jx _H~ Ou" ~ `# Freedom Movement and Indian
Muslims QOÔ ~<_.
r +s` ~OaOz#, ~r L^=O è^ =` O~}
H O` Jq~qOz<, P `~"` ~` ^qH =, `y# i~#
"Q#O K, Jz~HO< `# ^# |h |Qh D =~O #O_ qHiOK
HQeOk, Jx Wahabi and Farazi Rebels of Bengal (Page 90) QO^ ~K~`
Dr. Narahari Kavi Raj ~#@O` ~r L^= H= i}=O, ~O,
=O J=Q`=Òk.
19 = `|O =~ J@ a\+~#, W@ [gO^~# Z^~O@
~_, ~` u~Q@# q[=OÒ K@"HH, [ K
HOH#, Ò` "# LnOK_O r +s` ^`
q`"# P# J#K~ P kQ K =~ H$`H$`~. J~
à Q L^$ÒQ y, =~ J~ à @ =Hb# =*x ~r
qÒ K~. =`$q q=Hx HOH ~` Ò` OQ=Ox
^ ~@ ^ i^HOQ xz# ~r KHx =~x~O
K# r +s` 1840 H#=~.
88
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
\s# q+#s ~ O JH_ tH} |^Q =`^ K@O,
=`QO^# W=_O @ P# JÒ~O è~. ( '..they were sent to
the Missionary school despite the objection of the Muslim Deputy Collec-
tor Hikmathulla Khan , - Eighteen Fifty Seven, Surendra Nath Sen, Govt.
of India Publications, New Delhi, 1957, Page10)
a\+ QO_ Q| \Oz# <_
9. H` M<
^= Ò` =~O ^j , [ =`" HO_,
a\+ Ò L#`kH~Q ^ ` x~Oz# ^j _ x
}iOK~. P ^ Ki`# |@ Hx=O_ a\+
`H@_O` i^H"# P O@# q=~ =~Q#_ ~.
Ki`@ ^y L#@=O\ J@=O\ Ki`H ^ *a` H`
M< =Y.
` L`~^ ~ROx (J\) `~ l P# _\
HH~. a\+ Òx |O\` _ ~f JkH~ ^~O, `#O
K~# ~Aq. P ~A _\ HH~ JO> ^ ^, Ji`"#
JkH~O, J@=O\ _\ HH~ ^q =iOz# H` M< l g^
u~Qx JkH~ K~<~. `kHiQ LO@ _ ^j
=` O|Ok` ==~ JkH~ *HO KO> x~# è#
O@#<~. i< ==~ tH} i@ =` ^x y#
POQkH~ K~# P# =u~HOK~. XH i tH} ~` Q=
89
Jk =i 1857 O=`~O. ~`Ôx ^j , [,

=` $ ^ O J~ =a = < Q ~ f ~, èiQ
u~Q@ =\# ZQ~"~. =`$qx a\+~ Ô#O_ q=HO
K# ^$_ OHO` PÔ K`\ H^#~OQxH H^`<~. "
11= `k<\H q~\x ~f x u~Q@ TOÔk. P *
~` ^=O`\ "OKQ~. P_, =Q Ô ^. *u, =`, O
PK# =. JO^n XH> @. JOîn XH> =@. JOîn XH> H O.
J^ POQ # #O_ =`$q q=H. P =O H`
M<x ~[ HOH~_# ^j <_ "<_. _\ HH~ ^qx
`$}=<_. HOh Ò J`#` ^qx y~"@ "_.
1857 E< 10= `n# =~ OM~=O iOK_. ~` Q_ a__
`=# `#=_O^ PÔ K|\_. `~ Ò` ^j #
JO~~} K_. J_ `~ l HH~Q *._| . ~~ x K<_.
` L#`kHi, Jn `# HOk JkHi Ò u~Q@# H\ O K@O`
~~ YOQ u<_. D q+x P `~"` *._| ~~ ~# Life During
The Indian Mutiny ~<_. JO`HO_ a\+ `xH ^#
`=Q, q^Q H`# ~#@" HO_ ^= Ò` OQ=O
~OaOz# "i ^=_Q P## Ja=iOK_. ( '..Sharar addresses
him as number one enemy and traitor of the British and held him solely
responsible for the outbreak of Mutiny. - An eassy titled The Muslim Who
Started First War Of Independence, by S.M.Saad, Published in Islamic
Voice(Monthly), March 2000 ).
*x ^#, [# q_^ K~.

` Y*< 9 H ~# n#O K<~. D WO_ HOhH
KOk# L#`kHi yOz# D JÒ` `"# K~# POQ
JkH~ r~OKHH~.
~~ H` M< <HÒ `~ Ò` #
90
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
~O"Ok. P i` k"~ ~# a\+ Ò `~H<,

`~# iQ Pn#OH `KH=@" HH, ` Y*<# _ u~@
^ n#O K<~. D #Q@# OKx a\+ JkHi ~|~
^ H ~ q=H ~@ g~ g^ Ju H ~ ` H O Q ^_ P~ O a O K_ .
u~Q@^~_x K Z@=O\ `@\O O_ He"=x
P^ *s K_. D P^# J=HOQ fx POQkHi ~|~
^H~ K# HOH# x~^# =# [ TKH`# yOK_. P
K~` u~Q@ ^ =O__Q~.
~~ H` Nî<OQ, N t=ÔQ, N Qk<
^, =b eY`Pb, =b J^, [#~ uH OQ, * ^
O\ u~Q@ <O` JO_Q xeK~. XH =O H~OQ ~|~
^H~# Z^~<~. ~ yOk. u~Q@ `yO, ^~
Z^@ a\+ x P@ Q^. a\+ JkHiH ~[O `^.
Oy=O@ ^H~ u~Q@ <_ H` =~=#O O~.
[, u~Q@^~ @ Ju ^~~OQ ==iOz# ~|~ ^H~
OQ@ JOwHiOK^. H` P^ "~ N Qk< P
* O`_ He"~. ~|~ =$u` a\+ x Oy~. a\+
JkH~ }# J~K` @x #O z`yOK~. |O^ l z
J# OÒ` `^K<~.
Ò` <x H` K~ `~ ## iQ n#O
K<~. * =Q`# [ Q~=OQ K# kOK~. PqÔQ
K Ok#"~O` O~ K, Ò` ^#H H` <H`x
Q~qOz HiOK~. ^j Ò` `H `~ ~~_Ok. a\+
Ô #O_ q=H"# `~ K"=# Ok. D q[O
Ôx u~Q@ ^, < L`xzOk. D iu a\+
Q=~~ ~ HxOQ O_g^ H~O Ke#@~Ok. D i}=# LH
a\+ Pk`xH ~` Q_ g^ #H KQ=x QOz# HxOQ, H`
M<# JO`"OkOKO^, u~Q@# J}KO^ x~~OK_.
~f ^_, ^ M` [#~ "H,
[#~ ~<# J"g^ ~Oz, `~ u~Q@# J}z"O^
91
PêK_. u~Q@ ^~ ~[O ` =~k `# q#^H^x

E< 20# O *s K_. PÔ^# a\+ #O `~ "
HkeOk. î f="# qÔO, J=#+ =~}HO_ _`, xH
\ =O^ Q~. a\+ < ^xH ^" =< # =~= #O
JO^# H` =`$q ~H} }iOK ^"# g~x`
H ~ ^=_.
H` M< <[O è# a\+~ Z` "~. `~
|î# "H ` ~ g# Q 'MQ # n#O K x =`HOQ
JH_ `# Py, ~<# =Ò =O^ Q=<_. ~< u~Q@
^# Z^~O@ Ju H+O g^ aO_ K~<_. u~Q@ ^~
#O_ f= u@## KqK# ~< Ô_x =ke ^x
P~OK_. ` ~ gxH Ki, JH_ u+" i` # JOK< " Q_.
^=, ^<xH _ "ix K~n P K |~<O^ \
`# P~OaOK_. z=~ ~< ` eOK~. u~Q@
^ O |Ok O z# H H " # = K~x JOkOK Q q^ #
PHiOKQeQ_.
q^ =~# =zH K # =K~O JO^@O` [#~ "H
`# xH |Q` \\# `~ |^~_. E 12, 1857 H
"H |Q aO_ K~<~. [#~ ~< |Q` H a\+
#O H` ^ q~K _Ok. a\+ |Q# u~Q@ ^
g~zÒQ Z^~<~. =`$q q=H HO> `= } ^ q"#q
HÔ@ H` K~ `yOz cH~ ~# ~. s }#+O
[iyOk. z=~ a\+ xH ^^ K~ J~Ok.
Ò` <x H` M< a\+ <kH~ zH^. P##
|OkOKH` D q[O =$^ Jx qOz# a\+ JkH~ H`#
|OkOKO^ ~q^ uOK~. z=~ q^ ~OQ "O K~.
H` M< =K~x ~|\ a\+ JkH~ K~"~. a\+ <
H` M<# |OkOKO^ Jx " #O_ =@_OK~. q^ @
=# `~ =â__ H` M< a\+ <kH~ zH~.
`~ uiy a\+~ =" ~Ok. D u~Q@ K@ H O`
92
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
g^ f= =O KOK@O =#, u~Q@# ``x=O_ ^~}OQ
J}z" O H e Oz# ` O u~ Q @ < ` @ Ju H ~ ` H O Q
==iOzOk. H`# OH~ zÒ QiKOk. [,
u~Q@^~ `Ò HeyOKO^1857 E 12= `k# H`#
`~x (`) =O WO@~ H =^ Q zO`K@ Lif, JH_
P =g~x uHHx F "~O ~A@ "_n~.
( ' captured by the British after the defeat of the rebels and executed by
hanging from a tamarid tree in front of the Muslim Inter College at Fatehpur
on July 12, 1857 ', - Who's Who of Indian Martyrs (Vol. III), Dr. P.N Chopra,
Govt. of India Publications, New Delhi ,1873, Page 55
). P<_ H`
"O@ #_z# ^# a\+ # "O\_, "\_ =kOK~. P `Qx~`
Q^ =Ò `y#O` K~xH <KHH=_O JÒ` ^~^$+H~O.
D ~HH Q^h, P O@# ^# `# x~Oz# a\+
JkH~ `= Ôx `= |O^q`, L#` JkH~ ~#
Y, i~ ^~ =`" xH=~. P qÔQ k~|_# =K~O
JC_C_ |~`==Òk. P<\ g~^ H$`#, Jkf
`Q# `H"O> P iH~# P~OKH `^. J=# ~@
^_ H` M< Ki` O|OkOz# Z< q+ P<\ l HH~
*._| . ~~ E<13,1857# `# ~ ~# Y ~_. P Y H~OQ,
`~ #O_ ÒKx =z# *, ^H~ =~}O èK_<_.P
H^#O H~OQ, `~ _\ HH~ P^ "~ ^H~# He"@O
[iyOk. WÔ` ==n @. E< 10# `~ _\ "l\
=i HH~ <HÒx u~Q@ ^~ ="O^x, ~ HxOQ
H~^~ OH è_. "~ 9 H ~ ` Y*<# n#
~<~. *# `~z Mn# =k~. PO`xH XH #"|#
xqOK~. J~` < ==~x #_k =Ò F _\ HH~, Jx
q=iOK_. ( ' ..Poor Joseph has escaped from Fathepur to bring us the
news of Mr Thakkar's death. He was shot by order of Deputy Collector.

The whole plot at Fathepur was a Mohammadan conspiracy. Frank mentioned to one of Lords Canning's secretaries, that Fathepur was lost at
10th June and fell into the hands of an influential band of Mohammadan
conspirators headed by Deputy Magistrate and Collector of the District.
They have opened the jail and got posession of the treasury nine lacs. A
93
^ #j~ J=^
Hitler Nawab was setup but the Deputy Collector is the Principal Manager
' - ( The Muslim Who Started First War Of Independence, by S.M.Saad,
Published in Islamic Voice (Monthly), From Bangalore, March 2000)
D WO_ HOh q^ q~K _# u~Q@ ^

J}z"` `~"`, [#~ "H P OÒ Hhqh Z~Qx c`x
$+OK_. D q+x O_< ~# Y P# OQ ~<_.
`~# n#O K<H J~"# ^#O^# n#O K#@,
qÔO K, @}# `Q \#@ ~<_. u~Q@^~=ih
=^^x, 12 O=`~ xO_# ~< _=_ _ |uH |@ _^x
J`Q_ ~<_. # q[O kOK=x QQ [#~ "H OQ
~<_. ' ..After cornering Hikmathullah General Haveloc created havoc
in the area. In a letter to London General Haveloc wrote that they had
achieved a very big victory and that the wealth collected after taking over
of Fathepur was indescribable. Fathepur was burning and not even a single
pathan child of twelve years was spared during the mass slaughter '. (Ibid)
^j # `yOK\xH ## a\+~# Z^~#@O XH

Z`~`, a\+~ n#Ox O` HO ~_, OÒ KH=@O =~Z`.
OÒ K# ~*# xH=@O, JOMH xH|Q Q a\+~#
Z^~x x=iOK@O JÔ. J@=O\ ~A, 32 ~A @ H`
M< Ò` # yOz Ki` $+OK_. `~ Ki`H ~@O QiOz
J^#O K# Ki`H~, D u~Q@ =i H< H#y LO> ^=
Ò`=~O i}= =~qÔ Q LO_=x Ja _~ . D u~Q@
q[O ZO`\ L`xH H~}"O^ ~[O _ JO`\ ^~^$+H~
i}= `"O^<~. q^ @ H` M< |eH#@~`,
=iHO` HO [#~ "H `~ H` M< $+Oz# i`#
KHk^_xH LO_"e =Kk. P qÔQ a\+ xH L#`kHi "H
`~ HO`HO PyLO_ LO> H#~, J^, ~h `k`~
O` J~ |Q P# "QeQ"_ H^. J P q[
kOK"_ H^. P |Q H#H ~#@~` ^j ~\
q=q H=x, Ki`H~ =H}OK~O> `~ H` M< P#
J#K~ x~Oz# ` ZO` qt+"#^ QOK=K.
94
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
`# ^j _`# =`## OKH `# J## ^xH#
=O^ u~Q@ K#x `~` è*_ (1857 ~[ OQ=O,
q._.=~~, #=Q ~u K~}, ^~^, 2001 r 120)
~` Ôx O` a\+~` ~e# P<\ =c
"~_Q ~ Jb 1857 a\+~ u~Q|_~. P ~ QOQ P`
Q~=O, u~Q@ `Ò Q ^j #, <# "HO KO^
P# H$+ ~. D "~ ~ Jb H$+x q Dr.Q.Ahamad `#
HO The Wahabi Movement in India (Page 220) , '..Great aim of Pir
Ali and his collaborator Moshiuzzaman of Lucknow was to effect a coordination of the activities of feeling of idiscontent into powerful and homo-
geneous movement against the government.. Jx ~<~. ^j
q=H ~@O =`$q HO |# ~}~OQ n~_
10.' +^ ~ Jb
a\+~ ~[ q~} HOH "i ` "#Hk, *hHO q^ =
^+H iQ Hn, ~f [#=^ PQO, ^j
JO`$ ^ ^\Ok. eÒQ 1857 u~Q@ [eOzOk.
~`Ô "Ò Jy ~`"Ok. O` u~Q@ ~y~.
=~ D u~Q@ <HÒ =OK~. a\+~# f=OQ u\Oz#
"i =# =`" Ki` #"^~. #"^ <KHx g~z`
Q^ Z< Ki` @ H#=~Q ~. J =~Q#_# ZO`=Ok
J=~g~ [ *H JOÔ_ ~. J@=O\ g~ XH~
+^ ~ Jb.
P# c~ ~xH KOk# Jr=^ x". a\+~ ~rx
~ yOz# =c L^=O =# P# q`_~. '..~ Jb
"^@ H x". \ H qH`Q ~_~. P# `# qH~OK
H# Kkq Ò` "# J=~<_. J`_ z# H qH`
J~< \ q= =O_e P# =Oz QiO L#k. \x
POQkHi >~ J=#+ K~ ~OaOKiH ~ JbH HO PQ^.
95
"H`, =#O ^~ =`" a\+~# ìq "Q=x #q# ~ Jb

P kQ x K~. u~Q@ H~H# =# ~O^ `
K~. P<_ ^j `= ~* Jx\H< QQ#, `=
JOîH< QQ qOK@O =#, J@=O\ ^j# UHO K#
~ Jb O\ SH`"^ H O iQ ÔK^.~` Ô J<H
O` |"# u~Q@ P<| [iy< Jq q[=OÒ HH=\xH
^# H~}O ^j =#O OK@O, SH` HxOKH =@O
J#k Ki` Ziy# Ò.
~ Jb O\ g~ `= ~O `QO K\xH ^_<
u~Q@ < HH@Q ==iOKH =@O, P H~}OQ L=_
=O H~= H=@O =# a\+~ u~Q@# J}z"@O ^"Ok.
~ Jb _ `# ` `# K z=~ `#` H =z# "i` 1857
E 3# u~Q@ K~. ( '..On 3 July an uprising was organised by Pir
Ali, who was then one of the chief organisers of revolt..', - Freedom Movement and Indian Muslims, Santimoy Ray, PPH, 1983, Page 15)
P#
<HÒx Ô a\+~ P^Q~O q^ ^_K ÔO KOk. D
i}=` PQOz# a\+ xHkH~ ~ Jb ^x =@>O^
HOH}O H@<~. qG$ÒQ QeO ~O"Ok.
a\+ OK# Ki, "i H~} H\H HO "O~_ ``,
~ Jb Ô =K~x a\+~ JOkOK~. a\+ xH =H XHiQ
96
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
^_ K ~ Jbx P# Ô 43 =Okx J~ K~. D

Ôîh xOk`Q ~O@ M` ' \ @ H #"Ôk.
P H qK~} O^~OQ xOk` "^# HhO J=HO _ O_
a\+ <kH~ qeO >~, q qK~} Ò`# iK~. P
@H 19 =OkH LitH, 5 QiH rq`H~Q~ tH, qye# "iH qq^~H
tH qkOK~. P Ô <_ ~ JbH _ LitH M"Ok. P#
K~ qkOz# tH P# H Z^@< J= [iQ~. P iu ~
Jb a\+~ @ =iO` H, ^x OzOk. OH` iQ |OkOK|_#
~ Jb OO QiOK~. P# _ LitH qkOK~. P tH# J=
KO^ U~@ [~Q`<~.
P =O P# iu ZQO^, qeO >~ \ OHO
(Patna Crisis) J# QOÔ H H\ #@Q q=iOK_. P H^#O H~OQ,
'..P# LitH P^tOK|_Ok. ~ Jb #O_ D @ q=~# ~|>O^
LitH qkOK\xH =O^ < Qkx JkH~ =HxH f=K~. iQ
OH K` |OkOK|_ L<_. OH =# P# x|_<_.
~<_. Q J ~ L<_. s~=O` ~HH" LOk. P#
îOz# = Q ziy ~ L<~. ~H Ki H\ L<~. JÒ`
^h u L<, LitH qkOK|_< J`x H HOu `Q`^.O
*_ U=Ò HxOK ^. x~_# JO`\ ^~ex "= K_^..,
q= ~ ~|>O^ << Ò\ _`# JkH~ " u~~OQ

K~. `# =`$^ Hx JO` `=Q JOK< H\ # a\+ xHkH~
<K x J OK<~. a\+~ `y# =^#q=_xH P# ^= ~.
Ju hK"# ^` _`# a\+ xHkH~" K,
PQO` ~ Jb W J<~.' ..u XHi rqÒ XHHi }#
~HOKH\xH èqQ =iOKe# J=~O =Ok. J~` Jx =
} H_H=@" ^#O H^. Hx = P HO,
=`$q Q~=u+ HO rq`# }OQ \e=Ok. =`$q
HO |eH=@O `# q @ Q = x^~#O J=Òk...< K~#
< H Z^@< Li f~. WOH K=Okx Li fQ~. ## KOQ~.
J~` XH q+O Q~OKHO_. |"# K HOH`, ÒÒ HO
~H`~} ^=`# D _q è a_# x=iOK@O q H^ H^,
=~ HH Ô H^. D ~}O zOk# = <`~ KH =# Ò`
=~^ s~ Jy _Òk. P Py * "_q q Ò,
q~ =_ ==@O `Ô... (Ibid, page 21), JO@ P g~_ a\+
q+`# +OQ H\ OK_x POQ JkHi qeO >~ `#
QOÔ ~<_.
P =^#O` a\+ xH JkH~ =O_ _~. ~ Jbx Li
fO^ U~@ KHKH [iQ~. P U~@# Q=x# ~ Jb U=Ò
^Qx, OQx HxOKH =@O JkH~# P~KHè KOk. P
=O ~ Jb Z L<_# q+x, '.. K` aQ`# _ "~.
<`~ H~`#k. `#H Oz K# =$`^`# kHi g~z`=`
LiHO|= x|__ ... Jx q._."~~ `# QOÔ '1857 ~[ OQ=O
( r 21) q=iOK_.
z=~ =`$ qx q=HO KO^ =$`=# =Q PeOQO
K# ~ Jbx KOH~ 1857 E 7= `k# Lif~. D qÔQ
J=# ^~ ` a\+ # _H# ' Ò` OQ= OO
Ki` `#^# `H <x OkOKx # =Ok. P g~x =~}O
c~ ~+Ox ^#~x q= q^Q x u~Q@ Q
K#@~O^x q._ "~~ ~#_O q+O.
98
(From Hindusthani Musalmano Ka Jang-e-azadi mein Hissa(HIndi) by Syed

Ibrahim Fikri,1999, page 21) J<_.
P =^ x `=îH `K H_xH POQ

kH~ Z< `
K~. P ` q=H P## Li f_xH U~@ i K~.
J\H a\+ xHkH~ ~ Jbx JO` èQ JOÒ K^KH^.
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K^=`<_. =~}O `^=x è< _ U =Ò PO^# O_
OÒQ Q=O`_ ~# KO@# Ò_x K P# ZO` QiOK_.
~# iK# =< Y~ Z^~Q =~"+O L# =~_
<~. XHiHH~ = `<~. D K =# z=i K#
qÔQ =< Y~ =~xH O[ K~. HO` Ò_ =HO Q_H
Ò_H = ``, =< "^ < uiy =K~.
^= Ò` OQ=O # u"ih x~^# K
x~H}OQ He"_O ^+ Ki` Q "[~ _<, =< Y~#
zÒ QiK z=~ He"_. P `~"` POQ x =<
Q$O q^ _ JO^@ L# _b L~ JH~ uH# He"~.
Y~ uH H~O qÔx $+OK~. P# @O|O J#
^K<~. Y~ @OxH x= h__ O_ K~.
D qÔQ =`q q=H HO y# ^ ~@O Hx
PÔQ K`x JH~Q` Ò~OK } =ê# è
uHO_Q =< "^ Y~ z~~}~. ( '... It is point
Risala-i-Jihad, in which, he called for a holy war by HIndus and Muslims

for the explusion of the British from India.' - Who's Who of Indian Martyrs
1857, Dr. P.N.Chopra, Vol.III, 1973, page 95)
z=~ 1857 O|~ 18# u~Q@ q", _b uiy POQ

#O n#OH =zOk. _bx Jx " #O_ =@_Oz U_ ~A@
OH~ qÔO yOz# a\+ #O u~Q@ HiOz# "i#
|OkOz #~H`# \ ~u~OQ ` KOk. P =O
POQkH~ H~H~x HQ `~# =< "^ Y~ g^
^$+ _, P# HO J<+} ~O"Ok. HO`HxH P# @|_~.
=< z=i ~A O|OkOz# =K~O J+OQ LOk.
=< Y~ @Oc H^#O H~OQ, 1857 _O|~ 14= `n# =<
==^ Y~# POQ J~ K x~OÔ LOK~. J#O`~O P##
_O|~ 17= `k# POQ xHkHi "[~ _< =HxH fHK~. ^=
Ò` OQ= ^ @ JÒ` qHOQ ==iOz# "[~ _<
111
out that the first martyr of the Indian media to the cause of Independence
was Moulvi Mohammed Baqar, Editor, Delhi Akhbar ' - Media and Muslims in India since Independence, Ed. by AU Asif, IOS, New Delhi,1998
page 6) .
'... ~ KOk# D hK *uH =u~HOQ XH u~Q@

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112
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1832 L`~^ ~+Ox a`~ QO JrA< [xOK~. Ò_
< M<. è g^ #. z#<@< P" J=# H~. JrA<
=Oz ~t. JO^~t JrA< P<\ ^ #~H L="*< P^ |$OÔ
K~~. =Oz #~HQ P" MuQOK~. <@ H q^ =Oz Jax"x
kOz J~OQ ^<x OkOK~. POQO> P" qs`"# ^+O.
a\+ #O ^~Q xK# +O+n< J# P"# qOK_.
a\+ #O #O_ èy, =Y Ò`=~^_ << H=
113
^ #j~ J=^
J`# K~O`=~ J`x =# P" JOwHiOK^. P `~"` J" _
P +O+n< `@Q P" _ H#~ =zKiO_=Kx Ki`H~
JaO.
H#~ _ N<< JO> JrA< HQ~=O.
^j O<# JH=OQ PHqOKO@# HOh JkH~O> JO.
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q rq`x =ke N << H # xez a\+~ ^+H J_H @ "
x
qOK~. P J=HO 1857 ~< =zOk.1857 E< 4# H#~
u~Q@ ~O"Ok. N << a\+~ g^ E< 7= `n# =~OYO
iOK~. O^=O `_ O_, ^~x^x ~HOK<O^
H#~ [O` P^ K\eOkQ P# xK~. D "~
OnL~ + P# H@# q_^ K~. P #O^# JrA<
Y= q=O` rq`x =ke, ~~ q^ ~ yOKO^
N << HO K~~.
Ju`~ +O+n< H~O` JrA< P^ LyOK@O,
Q~ i <~<~. P" xH ^ îOz ~}~OQxH ^=~.
=`$^ H=# Q =`# gHiOz, `H = xH Ô
U~@ K~. = xH Ô U~@ K@" HO_, "iH OQ
KHx tH} Qi, Z@=O\ L^"<< Z^~QeQ@Q fik^~. `H
@O, Hu u@O, Q~ s K@O `H tH} HeOz tH`#
xQ `~ K~. [ ~H}`@, ~[~H} HO `= }#
}OQ _`=x ^ K~Oz, `=# `#=_O^, U H}<<
~}~OQ "O K_xH |Q# ÔQ LOK~. D "~ = xH
^x Oz# ^= =Q QO JrA< # Hi "Nana Saheb Peshwa
and the War in Independence" (L`~^ ` K~}) J# QOÔ
=Y ~K~` N P#O^ ~ q ~<~.
QO JrA< =~=O`"# <HÒ = xH ^
H~H= ~x HiOz N << ~\xH ZO`Q< `__~.
P" `# |QO` #Q~O x u W u~Q`, ' q O\ = ~HO
114
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
K|_~Ok. q ~+O Kz~O^? q ~HO fH~ *`

"_Ò^ ? ^ ? =# "Ku h `Q H =# `#O K~<~.
^xx =#O =#OQ i<O. =# g~Ò, ~ ~H= U"~
? (J*` g~ Q^, QqO^~ O, ~` ` K~}, #_b,
1999, r3031) Jx t = ~yx [iKOk. ^
O` #O K~ x~HiOz# ~+ K` OQ QA `_y,
"i ~+O ~yeOz u~Q@ xH |Q# Q OKQeQ~. Ò`
=~^ P~O, P^# =i @@O, <, x
=^# O^#H~ ==iOK@O, a\+ x HêH Q=xOz P
q+# u~Q@ ^ < K~"@O `k`~ ^`#
x~OK~. JrA< ^ ` u W uiy x H~ |@, P~
^~# HiOz `z u~Q@ g~ J=~# f~`, "iH Z@=O\
@ HQx=O_ *Q` f<~. ^ #OQ ~}~OQO Q_#
x zH` O|OkOz# H~H# x~OK@O @ ^# K~.
} `yOz~_`# g~ Q_ J<^Q } q_=@O @
H`KOk# P" H`Q` `H ^` =OkOK~.
QO JrA< `~KQ `# = xH |Q` ~g^ H"` K
[#, u~Q@ g~# L`~ O^ H$+ ~. O~ x HkHi
^`, xH z# JOHiOKx, `H XH", Y_O =~"#
îOz H"` #@O P" J"@. P" <`$Ò H"` Q`#
|*~ [ ~ fi x|_, P" ~HHO Z^~ K, ' <<
lO^^QO JrA< lO^^ JO@ k H\ x<^# K
P#O^x =HO K"~x, 1857 E< 16= `k# N <#H KO^ J# =H
~\# =K~x |\ Òk. P" H$+, x~ "``~`, H~^H`,
Quj PK##, N << @ K`# q^`# Q=xOz# N
<< _ [OQ Mu KOk# =Y u~Q@ =H~ N Jr= M<
P" =# ZO`Q< OOK~x N KO^ ~<~. (Encyclopaedia
q~K_~. P =O JkHi Col. William `~ K# u~Q@

^~ *a` JrA< "^\ #O L<~. P" =u~HOQ =Y
"i N *#H^ H O `,P" ^ xHkHi ^ , N<<
HO P" = ^ xKx POQ <#O q=iOK_.
D qK~} QOQ, QO JrA<# L#` xHkHi General
Havelock Z^@ [~ ~~. P" H$` QiOz q# P JkHi,
P" ~~Y# K P~_. =Q^ #O_ P" |@ _Q<
J" JO^KO^# K ~=__. P =~ O^~Oy ~}~OQO
Jig~ OH~OQ ==iOK_x J`_ #=H_. P" ~~Y#
K "`_# J`_ P"# tHOK^K^. P" J~^x JOwHiOz,
H=} "_O> HqOz q_z@Q#x q WK_. P u^## QO
JrA< x~OÔQ x~HiOK~. P" =~# K q~# P JkHi
z=~, ' hHO H"e? Jx tOKQ, ' a\+ # JOÒ K_#Ok, (
I want to see the end of the British rule, ibid page 586), Jx @Q
=^#qzOk. J =^#O` YOQu General Havelock P"#
He"eOkQ PêK_.
P P^# q# JrA< z~#= zOkOzOk. `H QO_ Z^~Q
x|_Ok. P"H Qi@|_ ` XHiQ QiOK~. P `
#O_ Q |_ P" =~ s~x KkOKx ^HÒ_Q'
<< lO^^ JO@ P" x#kOzOk. P O<Ô` POQ
x }=~. JrA< }O J#O`"= He~Ok.
P ^~e =H`x HOK~ qÔQ a\+ Ki`H~ J"
K" ~. ("... The British historians and agents of British imperialism, in
of Muslim Biography, Ed. by Nagendra Kr. Singh, APH, 2001, page 585)
^= Ò` OQ=O JO`"# `~"` D WO_ HOh JkH~

u~Q@ # O<n, xHkH~, [ g^ OH~OQ
115
order to undo her valiant deeds spread rumours....She was an intelligent and
valiant living being whose achievements have been deliberately prevented from
being known..." Encyclopaedia of Muslim Biography - Edited by Nagendra Kr.
Singh, page 584) P `~ "` [iy# i^#

a\+~ @# |@ _`,
JrA< `Q= ` Ki`# |@ `K~. P <\ @

H~=|# pO@ =^ =~O__ P" g~z` Ki` "Q
q~z=_O`, QO JrA< Ki` "QH =zOk.
116
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Ki`@ J+OQ ^~#q~.
P" ~ =# ^. P" ' K^ = Q q`K `=K
QiOK|_Ok. P" ZC_ P K~OQ ^ HxOK@O` [`@Q
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On) J# HO (r 44) ~K~u, Jb~ =O x=i\
J^~ _H~ Ja^ qn< D HOk qÔQ L@OHK~.
'...P = Jkf ^~e. P" =$Ò U =Ò ^. ~Oy
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H~H# ~O@, JO xH =~O _\ Hg+#~ 1857
E 29= `n# XH Y ~_. P Y, ''....<# q =^ XH =O
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[# u~Q@ K=x ~KQ@_O P" x. OQ P^ K\ ,
u~Q@^~ <HÒ =Oz, =# xH =~ q^ ^_ KOk.
117
118
PHH ^_` a\+ xH ^# _uOz#
15. K ^ =
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K # < O \ _< O\ a\+ x HkHix P" J=# ^~ `,
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30= `n# ~` ` H~î Z_< ~# Y H;~ U qÔQ

=~}OzO^ ~<_. P Y, ~} "#O\ h_ XH =O =u Q~O
g^ J#iOK^x, H~H ~~ OÒ ~}`@Q P" `H QO_
`yx, P W~=~ XHi <HiQ~x q=iOK_. D q+x Eighteen Fifty Seven QOÔ
Dr. Surendra Nath Sen P q=~}# ( '.. The Rane
~h ~} "#O\ xez# ^~
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OQ=O QOQ y# ~\ ~h ~} JH~

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XH~ =O^~.
P" ~}`@ a\+ xHkH~ `H Q |~. J\
O@ WO_ O`xH Q=~~ [#~ uxk ~|~ q< 1858 JH|~
119
was on horse back, and close to her was the female ( a Mohomaden..) who seems
never to have left her side on any occasion, these two were struck by bullets and
fell (P.295))
L@OHOK~.
D Y ZH_ _ P =u Z=~# q+x qOKx H~}OQ
P" J*` ^~Q qye~Ok. ~` Ò 1973 KiOz#
Who's Who of Indian Martyrs Vol. III _H~ .<. K ~h ~}`
@Q ~\ # =O = QiOz# OH =K~O
JOkOK~.('..Fought by the side of Maharani Lakshmi Bai during the battles
against the Biristish at Jhansi, Koonch, Kapi and Gwalior. Killed in the battle at
Kotah-ki-sarai in Gwalior, where the Rani attained martyrdom. Page 102) J"
~ =O^~ (Mundar) Jx P# ~<~. D q=~}#, P H^<

J#~OKx K, P P*` ^~ ~# =O^~ Q qOK=K.
_H~ .<. K O^HÒx Who's Who of Indian Martyrs
Vol. III ^HO_ =Ok = =# `, D =#
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'~`^ [~ ! (The People of India) ..=# Ò` k<`=O L^~OzOk.
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120
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121
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P =O H }~= J# P x~_ 1857 E< 4 =
`n# POQ =u~HOQ èiQ QO` q_. P<\H O`
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~ _b #O_ ~hH "HK_. P# u~Q@ =K~x ~hH
`z# `~"` ~h u~Q@ [ieOk. D q+x POQkHi
Sir Robert Hamilton ~<_. ( ' ..a servant or a relation of some one in
in my Regiment ( 12th N.I) brought a chit from Dellhi stating that the whole
of the Bengal Presidency had mutinied and as the Regimental Station at
Jhansee had not done.. Eighteen Fifty Seven, Surendra Nathsen, Govt.
of India Publicatrions, New Delhi, Page 271 )
D =K~O `z# ~
g~_H P `~"` =~}tH qkOK~. P "`=~}O H }~= HH eHHQ
~h =~"yOk. P u^x H 1857 E< 5= `n <\H ^
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* ^~Q |H+ Jb ^j g~ QÒ eH~. P# * ^~
`~z Mn# q_^ K~.( ' On the 6th, however Bakshish Ali, the jail
Darogah joined the Mutiny with his guards and the sepoys - Ibid, page.
272) '..~h ~[=OxH [iy# J==#O, HOh ^~ ^~~O |H+ Jb
x~
xH H~}"O k... ~[ =OO @ JH=OQ ==i# POQ
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122
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[, x PQO =O^ H~ HeOz# ~H} U =Ò LQ_^.
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~@O |H+ Jb HjH `# +OK~.
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Ki ~}x He~. a\+~ ^~, ~[ =OO @ J==# H~OQ
==iOz# f~ uQ u~Q@ <HÒ =OK=x H ~x
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D q+O P~H~O JxOz<, P<\ a\+ _\ HH~ .

_. Q~< P" ~# Y D q+x +O KOk. P" Hg+#~ _|. .
` E< 12 =i 14 `n Y ~~. J Y u~Q@
x Xu_ =# =`" `# u~Q@^~` K~ He =zO^x
q=iOK~. P" =^ ~Òx a\+ Q=~~ [#~ uxkH 1858 [#=i
~# XH Y, '..these short sighted individuals (the rebels) seem un-
of the Jhansee Jail asking the Ranee whether she would fight, or not, with
the English Forces, was informed by Ranee that she would not ; but will
return all the districts under her to the British officers when they come to
Jhansi, - Eighteen Fifty Seven, Surendra Nath Sen, Govt. of India publications,1957, page 283 ).
D "~ u~Q@ <, x ZO`Q

iOz<, `` ~} #OQ OkOK ^. ( Ibid Page 364 to 366 )
a\+~ H =O^ ^j ~ H x=*^x P" qOK~. WO\
|\ =` `=`=`# ~} P =O POQ` HxH
W+_^. |H+ Jb O\ < u~Q@ ~Ô =OK ~}x
XOKx K H$+K~. ~~ ` ~_e# i` P"#
XH" K@=@Q, =~H "# ~hH =~AQ `## H\ OKO@
k=OQ` ~h ~A QOQ^~ ~= "#_ ^t=~= O\ HO^~
~[=Oj @ ~Q~.
~OO u~Q@ x, < q[# U =Ò M`~
Kx ~}, z=~ u~Q@ x |=OÒ g^, ~[=OO ù#
= eÒQ u~Q@ <HÒ =OKO^ O^` =HO KOk.
( ' She did not respond, though all her personal guards and retainers went
over to the rebels. Only when the seopys threatned to kill her, if she did
not join, did she finally give the rebels 1,000 men and two heavy guns.' The Mutiny of 1857: Heroism admist Contradictions by Mr. Cheryl Kanekar
taken from The voice of People Awakening, Feb1998 issue, page 7-8)
mindful of the British supermacy and do their best to ruin myself and the
whole country...' ( The Mutiny of 1857: Heroism admist Contradictions by
Mr. Cheryl Kanekar from The voice of People Awakening, Feb1998 issue,
page 8, taken from the deposition of Sheik Hinggun Hookaburdar, 6 March
1858. quoted by Tapthi Ray, The Politics of a Popular Uprising-Bundelkhand
in 1857, Oxford University Press 1994), Jx
q=~} WK~x Òk.

z=~ ~h ~} H ~ "~ =Ok x#, ~O_ ~OQ#,
u~Q@ x "O@ O~. P `~"` u~Q@ x O
=# E< 6 # ~h q=H"Ok. POQkH~O` ~h =ê ~~~.
u~Q@ ^ zH# "~O` `=~.'..7= `n# ~hH KOk#
~~ HM<, `j~ =^ < `k`~ g~ x ^_H <`$Ò
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q<H ^"^~ =~~)
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1858 =i 22 = `n# ~h g^ POQ ^_ [iyOk. P ^_x
K~` H |H+ Jb Z^~<~. P `~"` =~Q ~\
[iQ~. Jx`~ ^"# ^~# îOz# ~h ~} H~
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Z =yO^#k Ki` JOÔ_ ~Ok.
z=~ E< 6= `n#, ~h ~} x u~Q@ g~` H~.

123
124
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17. J=^ Pb M<

^= Ò` OQ=O Q` Ki` a#OQ yOk. ^j ~
q~\ iOz# =~ OM~=O =`$qx ` PH=} #O_
q=HO K## u XHih "<@ KOk. u~Q@# \ OKHx
"~, u~Q@ #x "~ H^. u~Q@ JO^Q<
u~Q@ i}=# iQ}xH fHO_ q=H ~@O #
`Q^#O_Q, ~^j ## KQQ@O Q ^^#,
## sA "x ~\xH ^~OQ LO_~# ~~ L<~.
=Y Ki`H~_ Dr. Tarachand `# QOÔ History of Freedom Movement
in India, Vol. 2 , page 100 Dq+x q, '...some of them pro-
fessed allegiance, but made excuses or restrained from direct action,

because, according to their calculations, the chances of success of the
rebellion were small, while in the event of failure there was the certainty
of ruin .',
J<~.
P i}=# U=Ò M`~ KO_ u~Q@ #
JO^x H^#~OQxH Hê# ^j ~M^ #"| J=^
125
^ #j~ J=^
PbM< XH~. ` ~<x ~M^ 1823 P# [xOK~.
Ò_ ~ Jb M<. 1850 J=^ Jb M< ~M^ O#O
Jk+OK~.
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J=Hx `z \O k. P# <Ò ~M^ x [, ^j x
POQ q^ u~Q|_~. POQ# ìq" ~M^# Ò`
uuQ ~[OQ H\ OK~.
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#O_ _b =~ y# u~Q@ ^ =#O `~"` L`#=
i}= QiOz P# H}"< PK# K^. Ò` ~`^xH
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"~ KH=iH ~# Y, ' Jx ^ ~A, OK "OQ L# [
Q~= =~^ O^`# KH=~ Ja"Ô... Q=O`_ =#
=m JYO_ ~` ^xH Jk<`Q K_...= ~[O YO``
xO_ LO_x i<#. ( *HO KHO_ Z_<..J=~ g~ L`~,
P#"Ô *.H ~_, ~` ` K~} 1998, r16) Jx J=^
Jb M< ZO` O`x =HO K~.
P `~"` KH=i H# POQ` y# ~\ J=^
Jb M< <~. a\+~ PH=} L# O`# q=HO KO^
`# x# =O^ #_OK~. a\+~ PkÒ ## ~ J#
O`x POQ `#O #O_ q=HO KO^ `# <x O~.
a\+ Pk`xH QO_H\ ^j ## ~O K, "Q KH=i
|^~ [~ <H`x \ +O K#k P# ^$_ OHO. P
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P^#, x#, M^ =yx #"| JbM< _bH ~~ K~.
1857 O|~ 2= `n# ~# Y ^~ P<\ i`, KH=iH
126
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
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P# JOkOz# H~O, u~Q@ P# x~Oz# `# D Y

+==Òk. D Y, '..~= P[ JO^Q< D =_ `
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` ` ~ J~# C _ "\ x " O @" O @< K H = i <
`~eOK=OkQ J^ *s K#.. = ~[O YO`
<H<x i<#.....( *HO KHO_ Z_<...J=~ g~ L`~,
J#"Ô *.H ~_, ~` ` K~}, 1898, r 16) Jx ~<~.
1857 O|~ =O u~@ q"Ok. POQ _bx
uiy n#O K<~. D "`=~}O ^j#, [# f= x~
Qi KOk. P~ =@ ~M^ J_Q @_xH OKH
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OY <# gHiOKx, ~M^ "tOKx H"` x~
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fOk. D ~ POQ x^ K~ J~Ok. ~M^ #

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_Ok. #Q~x iQ n#OH f# HOh #O J`K~,
^_,JH$` _Ok. ^_# yOzOk.
P =O _b KH=i Oy=@O, P# q^ qK~}
P^ *sH=@O O\ =K~O JO^# J=^ Jb M< =~H
=~O O_ ~Ok. ~M^ *hHO @ Q=xOz# P#, x`
q^ a\+~` OkO [i~. ^#OQ [, =`$Ô
HO } `yOz# xz# x J= _~^# =# Hey,
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K ~O"# qK~}, F <@HOQ yOk. D O^~OQ Hh =~^
_ \OKO_ #"|# q^ J==xOK~.
1858 [#=i 12 #O_ qK~} ~O"Ok. P## Z~H@ x
XH z# Qk |OkOz \~. P QkH q# L# =~H W~ Qk<
"Q ^ |^~ [~# |OkOz LOK~. Z~H@ #O_ qK~}
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s ~ ^ _ " LOK~. D qK~} 11 ~A yOk.
z=~ TOz# qÔQ< P## <~_Q `~. u~Q@
<HÒ =Oz#O^# LitH qk 1858 [#=i 23# f~ "_Ok.
P f~ H~O 24= `n# ^= Ò` OQ= ^_ J=^ JbM<#
_bx KO^h KH Ò <>< L# OÒ Li f~. P `~"`
JO`H# _ [~O_ P# uH Hx Z~H@ HO^HOH
qi~, P u~Q@ <x @ `=## OH~ q^x a\+~
"_ K<~.
127
128
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
a\+ <# =~ =\ HiOz# =|_
18. =b J^ M<
~^j# a\+~ HuQ\ `=# =~ =\HiOz Jig~
OH~_Q MuQOz# ^= Ò` OQ= ^_ =b J^
M<. P# Ò_ ==^ Jb M<, Ò K#Q =|_`# XH<\
K#@O #"|. =b J^ J ~ ^ J^ Jb M<. P##
l=n< Jx _ =@O H^. ' k=~ [OQ J# a~^ _ LOk.
=b J^ K#@O 178788 O=`~O [xOK_. F ~[=~_
~ P<\ =Y O_` ^~ P# qÔ yOk. JÒ`
"Ô#_Q z#`#O< OO^# P# îHHH q^
kOz# q^` eÒQ ' =b Q k KO^~. ^j +< HO_
POQ i*<x P# OìOK<~. K^=< HO_ ^q^
_ P# KHx tH} aOzOk.
=b J=^ <*O #"| P#O "~ F q" H~H=O
<O^ ^~^ =K~. P O^~OQ F u~Q@^~_
OQnH=_O HO [iy# ~ P# K# g}` OOÔk.
129
^ #j~ J=^
x*O O#O Q a\+ xHkH~ =bx WOQO_ OeOkQ
z, P "~ P<x JOkOK~. P# WOQO_ #O_ u~Q
}O =H =n<# OîOKx W~H, W~<, `k`~ O`#
~\Oz Ô K~<~.
Ô uiy =z# =b J^ M< ' Ô` @
PHi`~. Mk O^xH KOk# ^ ~M< Jb (Saiyid
Furqan Ali Sha) P# t+~.Q~ P[ "~ P# Qe~
OÒ H `` x K~O KO^ ^=~. P =O<
x`xH =u~HOQ, q^j `<x JOÒ KO^ ' ~ yOK=x
^= kOK~. P #O^# P# `# rq`x iQ
~~ q^ ^~ ^xH JOHÒ K~. Q~= P^ "~
L`~ ~Òx O`# ~\OK~. ^~^xH Ô H"eOkQ
[# ~ OQ K~. P OQx f=`# Q=xOz# a\+
P# H~H q^ H<~K~. ~@# QOQ Fi
P# PQ LO_Q P# K# OQ P^~OQ, `xH =u~HOQ
^xH [# ~KQ_`<_x POQkH~ `xH x"kH
O~. ( '..he is a derwesh only in name, actually he is a prince and is
preparing the masses to wage a war against the government..' - The Profile of Saintly Rebel- Moulvi Ahamadullah Shah by Syed Jaheer Hussain
Jafri, Social Scientist Vol.26, No.1- 4, Jan- Apr. 1998, page 39).
1856 #=O|~ P# L`~ ^x J=^ K~<~. D

q+x ' ueO ( TILISM ) J# L~ "~uH "_OzOk. D uH# ~Oy
= KOk# =b "^ J<i O^HÒ =<~. =b
P<_ J=^ ~[^x H [# qÒ K K# OQ ^~}x
q, 1857 [#=i 30`k <\ ueO OzH '..Ahamedullah shah...is
very fearless in saying whatever he wishes to say and to large crowds is
always there...although he is unable to do anything, orally he always pleads
for jehad..' Jx ~O^x The Profile of Saintly Rebel - Moulvi Ahamadullah
Shah
"H~ Syed Jaheer Hussain Jafri r 42 L@OHOK~.

a\+~ ìq"` HO yOKe# ^~Ô HO [#
O^# QqOKO^ ["` L J# O# PQ HOÔQ =b
130
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
~OaOK~. H ^# }# `$}OQ JiOK\xH ÔQ

L# =# gHiOK~. ~`Ôx ~*#, O<# U qÔQ
' Q@H K#n q=iOz, a\+~ ~[q~} HOH @ =`
=u~H`# OKQ~. =b L^^# =# Z^~ =^x H\ #
P## |+iOK~.
PQ #O_ *^ K~# =b a\+~ u~Qx ~\x
H\ OK~. a\+ b P## =^H~ =HQ iQ}OK~. a\+~
#O_ Oz# =^x F HO@ Hx_`< =~_ # _xOK<~.
' Yb` ~` <}# =kOK~. =b `# Pk<
Òz"H` =^=x _ a\+~ P## =~=~ P OÒ
#O_ |+iOK~. Q=O, =~x +OQ x~tOK# P# ZH_<
`# Q_ g^ #Oz `# ìq H>O^ `#^# su `#
K Q~. z@z=~ Pu H+O g^ P## a\+~ |OkOK~. P##
#Q~Ox s ^` Q * LOK~. [# ~[^xH _eOkQ
iH`<_# <~# PkOz, qK~} Ò` [i =bH =~} Ô_#
qkOK~. '..he seemed too dangerous a character to be kept in the city
jail.., JO@ P# qkOz# tH# J=~O^ *^ *
`~eOK~.
P =O a\+~ =u~HOQ ^"OQ 1857 <\ ~\
~O=~. D ~\ =~" ^= Ò` OQ=OQ Mu
QOzOk. [, x, ~A, ~}, O<n } `yOz
~ y<~. ~f $^ JyQO_O =O_`<~. u
XH~ =`$q q=HH HOH}|^ L<~. P ~@O QOQ u~Q|_#
*^ [, ~ H * q^ ^_ K, 1857 E< 8= `n#
=b J^ #, W`~ ^# q_OKHx ~.
|OkM< #O_ |@_# P# POQ q^ u~Qx
~\x H\ O z, a\+ |Q`
OH~" # <Q ^ K q[
kOK~. H 10 Hq@~ ^~# Q z<\ =^ a\+ <#
K@=\, k KOk# H ~_hx 82 ~A@ x~OkOK~. ~
YO_ ~@O ^~ O`# n#OH `K<~. P `~"`
*<~ =^ =~i =b |Q a\+ <# ìq ìq H\~.

P =O J=^ ~} QO [~` =, a\+~ #
z` K ~@O KOk. =~ ^j, [, P" `_Q
xeK~. H i~ O` ZH_ K< Lì` u~Q@
"`"~}O <HOk. P =O a\+ <# Z^~<O^ =b
|Q _ J=^ | ^~~. J=^ K~HQ< [ `y# ~H}
HeOKO^ =b ^= ~. a\+ JkH~# "i `^~# ==_Q
ìq H@_O =# P OÒ `èHOQ <== J=" LOk.
q^ Oz L<~. P =O =b #Q~ "O K@O, ÒuOz
Hx x~# fH=@O`, è^ QO [~` P#K~
P# =^# Hx P~ P=HO HeyOk. P J# ^~O K,
#Q~Ox i`# KH>O^ O` KH# U~@ K =b
~H} ==# \ +O K~. a\+~ Z`# Z\HC_ Hx_` 3
=@ =b J=^< LO_~. a\+ <# Z^~O@# QO
[~` = H~# JOkOK~. z=~ ~[ ~O~`
=O_`# a\+ JkH~ ==_Q ^_ KQ, QÒ`~O x
i`, QO` @Q =b _ a\+~ zHO_ ÒK<~.
=b ~H=x =~ KqK L# a\+ <kH~ P##
ZQ< JOÒ Kx Q|\~. =bx \ z#"iH , ^ P# t~#
`z Wz# "iH 50,000 ~Q s #Q^ |=ux, W`~ L#`
^= # a\+ JkHiHOQ H\ O K~. ( '..The revolutionary forces
131
under him (Mouli Ahamadulla Shah) inflicted such heavy losses on the
British that they declared an award of Rs.50,000, for his capture, dead or
alive..' - Freedom Movement and Indian Muslims by Santimoy Ray, PPH,
New Delhi, 1983, page 21)
P ~A XH =H ` 50 " ~ s
|=u H\ OKe#O` J=~O a\+ HeyOÔ>, =
=b ZO`\ H~H~x HQ `~~ J~O KH=K.
=b J=^ ~@ QOQ H #O_ ~ YO_
"~. P# ZH_ LO> JH_ J[# a\+ < KqK<~.
JuÒQ =O^ Q`# =bx x~kOK@O a\+ xHkH~
J^"Ok. z=~ `= J"># ' qlOz eOK P^x =b
132
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
q^ yOK~. a\+~ H~} H\H HO _QHK ' qc+}

=## ^j # PHiOK~. ^=, s |=` P K~.
Jig~ OH~_ =b P@ H\ OKO^ ^~O #i ~. P##
|OkOKx @ <~. ^H ~OkOK~. =~ [ #O_,
*^~}
#O_ =bx ^~O K # H O` P## ^~~_ Q zfHi,
J`# K~O \~. P# Ki` =~H \ OK Ò K~.
P J` H##, Ki` =HH~}#, J"= K~# [
#=^. P<_ [ U=Ò #=x J`#, P `~"` a\+
q~# aK "` g^ P^~_ Ki` ~# HO^~, L^~HOQ P
`# JH~ `Q ~, K~O K =b =HÒ |~^ K Ò
K~. xO\ x* U<\H< |~Ò HH =#=. =b QiOz ~#
~` JÒ ` Ò U=Ò x q+x POQkH~ OQ
=HOK# "Y +O K<~.
a\+ x HkHi General Holems `# The Sepoy War J# QOÔ
=b J=^ QiOz ~,' ..The Moulvi was a true patriot. He had
OkOKH=_O ^H J~` Ò_ =b Q ^_... P#

J= } f^....`# ^x =OK# q^j q^
Q~=^"# Ô K_. g~_Q, hu=O`_Q QiOK|_# P# Jx
^ Q~qOK^y# ^_..', Jx OOK_. ( ' If a patriot is a man
not stained his sword with assassination. He had connived at no murders;

he has fought manfully, honourably and stubbornly in the battle field against
the stranger who had seized his country, and his memory is entitled to the
respect of the brave and true-hearted of all nations...' (Muslims In India ,
S.Abul Hasan Ali Nadvi, 1980,Page107)
J<_. P POQ_ JO`\ `
'... A man fitted both his sprit and his

capacity to suport a great cause and to command a great army. This was
Ahamadullah, the Moulivi of Fyzabad..'' ( Quoted by S.Abul Hasan Ali Nadvi
PQ^. P QOÔ< =~H K@
in his Muslims In India, Page 107 ), JO@
=b H =~# q=iOK_.
a\+ Ki` H~_ ~ ^= @< ' J`<H =~_# Q =H...JOi`
nH,J=# ^~ Q u~Q@ < JQ}H KOk# "_ ,
J<_. (Sir Thomas Seaton..described him '...great abilities, of undaunted
courage, of stern determinationand by far the best solders among the
rebles..' -The Indian Mutiny of 1857 , Colonel G.B. Malleson, London,
1906, Page17 ).
=b J=^ ` ~\ K# H
l.Z.=<, (G.A Malleson) =b K~# =i, '..`# ^x PHqOKx
^ O O K # " =u ~ H O Q, @ x , ^ O K , ` O ` O
133
who plots and fights for independence, wrongfully destroyed, of his native
country, then the Mouli was a true patriot...he had fought manfully,
honourably and stubbornly in the battle field against the strangers, who
had seized his country, and his memory is entitled to the respect of the
brave and the true-hearted of all nations'. ( ibid )
D qÔQ =b JOi`
nH#, Jkf H=~# a\+ xHkH~, Ki`H~ OQ
HìO*~.
|"# `=# q_q_Q ~_` ìq"@O ^^=x QOz
=b `#` H =K ^j# UHO K ` QOQ
[<~ lx "< (POWAIN) ~A [Q<^ O` K~ [iO^
"~. D O^~OQ, ' ~* H< L# J`_ ^~_ =b QiK
H [i_. P ^~~x =b `__. P iHO^
..=b t~ YO_Oz, ^x Q_ HHx K~=< 13 " ^~# L#
a\+ ~}[<~ f"~..~HO F_`# P q` t~x P
hK POQ =O^ H#HQ LOz "i ^ KO` "Hi~..hK"#
^^xH `_# P "< = 50 " ~ i`+HO aOzOk!
(1857 ~[ OQ=O, q<H~= ^"^~ "~~, J#"Ô q[,
#=Q ~u K~}, ^~^, 2001, r156).
Jig~ OH~_Q MuQOz# =b J=^ *k
=~} "~# YzÒQ ^$=~<H, ' L`~ ~` Ô |e+"# `=#
( '..The most formidable enemy of the British in Northern India..' - HISTORY OF
THE INDIAN MUTINY, General Holems, Page 539 )
JOÒ K=x ar+

P#O^_~. D "~ `= K` _ J=# ~@ ^_Q O#
JO^# =b J=^ Ki` `#^# `H =^ "x 1858
E< 15#, D Q_# `# ~HO` hÒK J=~__.
'..< =`$q q=H HO U<_~` <# ~@ nH K\<, P<_ < }O g^ fx
=^<#..=# `= XHix <# JOÒ K#..<# < H~"x x~OK#..<
q` H~O Q=O`x =^ g~O` < HO.
==^ +~ Jb
134
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
`^~ u~Q@ }# }OQ \# g~_
19. ~< `~* M<

^= Ò` OQ= * L`~ ~`Ô ~ye#\H,
Jq JH_H iqÒ H^. x |O^< #O_ =`$ qx q=HO
QqOKx *hHO aH# |"# HOH *u, =Ò, O, +,
PK~ O^, O` J_Q_ HH~. P O`x
a\+~ ``# ~A, #"|, O<n _ u~Q@#
x=iOKH ~. L# L"`# Zyi# u~Q@# x=iOK@O
Z=i `~O H^. Li H, K~ _ K=# PH
~.
P^xH P^ Hey, J~"# xH |Q# a\+ #
Z^~=@O =$`=# ">H=_"#x +OQ `. ~@ =~}O
`^=# K^ x[O è _ ~~# ìq H>O^ #_OH\~.
PÔ K`\ H^# ~OQ# Jig~ OH~ ~_ J=~~.P
H= KOk# g~ ~< `~* M< ( Pathan Turrebaz Khan) XH~.
~< `~* M< ~H= \Ok ~# ~ xH \xH
135
^ #j~ J=^
KOk# <_. Mu KOk# J~|, ~ Q x H ^xH <H` O
=Oz# `~* M<, ^~^ x" ~< ~O M< =~_. P#
a\+ #O ["^~Q xK~.
~` ^=O`\ u~Q@ =\ PHg^ ~~_`#
~Aq. P ~A îH ^ _ a\+ #O_ =`$Q_# q=H
K=x =f =#, ~f x#, ^j # `#
"`=~}O. P =O xÒ #O_ q=HH ~_=x =b ^
J=n< `~* M< L^kOK~. P îH ^ =O` ~Ow#
`=~=O@, ^~^ #Q~Ox Q_ g^ H@# "=_~.
P "`=~}xH q`# HO^~ a\+ JkH~# He"~.
D q+" =\_O^ x*O J#=u Hi# ~# P# a\+
JkH~ JyOK_. D K~ PQOz# =b ~ xK~.
P # JO^# ~< `~* M< =b J=n< H~O` a\+
Pk`xH x"# '^~^ ~_h q^ 5 =O^ =Ok `
1857 E 17# ^_ K~. D ^_ =~ K~# H~# M<,
a\+x*O |Q 1857 E 22# @|__. u~Q@ <HÒ
=Oz [# ~KQ_`<_# <~~} q^ P# nO`~" tH#
qkOz, P# =^x a\+ n#O K<~. P##
|OkM< x~OkOK~.
a\+ qkOz# P tH J= [iQQ =O`_# M<
`# HQ \# O\ _ =`q @ Q~"a=<# kK
1859 [#=i 18= `k# * #O_ KHKHOQ ÒK<~. P#
ÒK< iH ^= Ò` OQ=OQ MuQOz# u~Q@# a\+
J}z"~. J~#\H u~Q@ <\ ix QO_ xO_ xOx
M< ~ H#yOKO^ P`=_. Jk H\ # x*O Ò `~*
M<# r=OQ Qh xs=OQ Qh \ `z# "iH 5" ~ #Q^
W=x 1859 [#=i 19= `k# H\ OzOk ( ' A reward of Rs.5000/- was
proclaimed by the Nizam's Government on 19-1-1859 for his arrest ' Who's Who of Freedom Struggle In Andhra Pradesh, Vol. 1, Ed. Dr.Sarojini
Regani, AP govt. Publications, 1978, page 535).
P<\ HO S^ "
~ K q"# #Q^ #[~<.P# ` JO`\ Ys^ H\~O>,
136
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
shot dead while he was resissting capture. - Who's Who of Indian Martyrs
Vol. 3, Edited by P.N Chopra, page 148 ).
^ = Ò`
OQ= ^
~H~O Ò
^~^ #Q~O
x Hi |O_
=^ U~@ K#
KH x ~H O .
P# ZO`\ O =_ TOK =K. D H@#`

J=`_ ~OQ [ u~Q`, a\+ # ^_ =m P#
` KQ~. M^ #O_ ÒK# M<# ZQ< JOÒ K#
@^` a\+ <x*O # x# f=`~O K~. x*O #"|
H\ Oz# #Q^ |=uH P_# ~< Jb J# #=H^ `~*
M< PKHx |~Ò K_. 1859 [#=i 24#, "^H l i~ O`
`< J# Q=O =^ `~* L<_x a\+ |Q èOk. P
=K~O "~ a\+ ^ P OÒ q^ q~K _~.
P^xH P^` p=Ô_ = =z_`# POQx*O
x# x=iOK@O `~* M< J^"Ok. QÒ z>H
xH|Q H =#H\ ÒK# P# Di Jk Ô H^.
a\+ x P## K@=\ x~^_ K |OkOK~. P x~OÔ
#O_ _ P# ÒK<O^ u# `~}O [iy# #Q@
x M<# He KO~. (Apprehended by British a week later and
137
z=i =~ a\+x*O <` ~@O y, x~O^x

J==#OQ iQ}Oz# P g~_ ÒK\xH u `= `H
QO_ Z~_. P ^x =$` ^x a\ < ^~^
`~eOK~. a\+ xH Q_~ `Ò $+Oz# P g~x
uHHO` _ POQ, P ~~ `` K H~`HOQ
==iOK~. uH Hx OH` H> ^~^ #Q~O Ò
< |*~ b +< L# K@ |~OQOQ "_n~. P OH~"#
^$x K# "~=~ _ q+` u~Q@ OK_^x
P<_ HQO@ `=x H~x "_OK<~. ( His dead
body was tied with chains and hung in the public place at Hyderabad as a
waring to the rebels , ibid,page 148 ).
P<_ ~~ H# H# H K, ~< `~* M<

O\ Ò` OQ= ^ "~` x HiOz# [, POQ
=H#
WO_ #O_ z=~ ìqQ\ P <\ `Q^# PHOH# x[OK~.
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` <HÒ a\+ ~_h =Ou q^ ^_ O@# Q~Q,
P <\ g~^ ~H~O, ^~^ #Q~O #_ _# Q Hix \
|O_ =^ (Jk P<\ ~_h OÒ) Ò` Ò F ~H x
xiOzOk. F Q<\ OO, ^x <Q k ~H#@Q L# <Q
U#Q t qQ`, XH ~H zO U~@~Ok.
P<\ =^ ^~ , =`$q @ "iH Q
Q~"a=<, `Qx~uH fHQ xez# P ~H O ^~^
#Q~O #__# LO^# q+x Hx@x i` P O =^ L<~.
P O K@` "~, `_ |O_` K@=@_O, HO^~ JO^
=O@H _ ~OaOz _ `~ K ^xx =O@"~
OÒQ `~ K~. P H~}OQ ^= Ò` =~^ ~H
O LxH =~Q# _~Ok. u ~A Hi \ |O_ =K "k
#Q~" _ ^= Ò`=~ ^# iOK<O^ =#O
U~@ K# ~H O JH_ LO^x èx û.
138
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
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20. ==^ H M<

^= Ò` =~[ n =OQ O_ iOz# ^= Ò`
OQ= OM~=O` ~Q# u~Q@, O` Q`<,
u~Q@ ^ ^$+ _b g^< LOk. u~Q@ # =~
O<n, ^j, < " KH=i |^~ [~
<H`x JOwHiOK~. O`# HOh # #O_ q=HO K,
+` =O^ y# u~Q@ g~, ~` ^xH QO_H
J~#@=O\ _bx K~x, = @#O_ _bx Òz ^j
## #~îOKO^ #_OH\~.
P =O "O `~e =z# u~Q@ ^, [
<HÒ =Oz, a\+ xH |Q# Z^~#Q ~}~OQn~_# <x
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He# q^ #_O q~Q> `Q J=~=~. P |$`~"#
^`# HiOKO^ =O^ =K~ ^= ÒÒQ= ^
=<x ==^ HM<.
139
^ #j~ J=^
L`~^ ~RO J^x <~ ==^ HM< [xOK_.
Ò_ ~ J=^ M<. HM< H = a\+#O K~_.
J=# ^~# î, a\+ `Ô ' ^~ J_.
"^\ P< Ô P# <_. a\+ ^x, Z` Z`#
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OkOK_. a\+ #Ox ` Ô 40 O=`~ n~ J#"x
OÒ K<_. a\+~ #O xK<, = H~^ HO^
#ey`# =`$q ûx K H=~_~. UO [~Q`< PQO`
~ye=@O ` Ug Kx x`. x~[#H"# "`=~}O
Q_`# P#x =~H |e J=HO HO xsH<_.
P J=HO 1857 ~< =zOk. P =O P# |~e
L<_. u~Q@ # JO^< ==^ HM< u~Q@ =\#
~ ~ _OK_. L`~ ^ x [< ~ "o JH_ < x =~x
|~e (Bareilly) K~<_. P# <HÒ |~b u~Q@ ^
s "Ò ` Y*<# n#O K<~. XH"# `y#O`
<x =~H "# J=~"#O` ^<x =~# H M< _bH |
^~_.
==^ H M < _b K~ <i H JH_ U~_# i` =# =~_ #
<<_ HO KH=i |^~ [~ Z^~ K<_. P `~}O
H M< _b K~H=@O, a\+~ g^ ^xH O^` =HO K@O, J`x
"O@ `y#O` ^<x f ~=@O`, KH=i <` @Q u~Q@
# _ ~ <xQ P## |^~ [~ xqOK~. _b
#Q~ O~H} ^` Jy Uk =Oz^#O> Jk KeOkQ H~`
KH=i |^~ [~ P# JkH~ OHqK_. D q+x
~K~` Christopher Hibbert, `# QOÔThe Great Mutiny(275 r) , '
You have full authority. Do whatever seems good unto you. Jx ~#@Q
L@OHOK~.
~<kuQ ^`# HiOKQ<, ^j |Q KeOKe#
rÒ |H~# KeOK@" HO_ P~ = J^# r`x _ |\_
K, HM< x Ja=<x OkOK<_. P`~"` _b i`#
140
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
KH kÔ ^ #_O H\~ . [# _O K@O, ^K<O^ u ~OQ

==iOKe =O^x H\ OK_. [ Z@=O\ ^+H _~^x,
P[ =u~HOQ =iOz<, ÔQ`<, ^_ _< K` #iH
"=x, <~ @ Hi#OQ ==i=x J<_. JH= [~QO_
K_e# ^`# ' H` JyOK~. #Q~O [~Q~xk ZH_<
[iy` P O` H`# Lif@O [~QÒ^x KiOK_. D
i`# P~Q "~=~, O# JH=~# _, =#
[# WH@ HqOKk ^<_. a\+~ Z@=O\ H~
JOkOK~^<_. `= _#"~ ZO`\ "~< Hi#OQ ==iOKH
`^<_. x, [ ~K =~^# H=OQ \OK<~. D
"~ #Q~O U~_# `H i`# ==^ H M< J^H `K_.
1857 " =O u~Q@ ^ #Q~OH "tOKQ<, P =Q
[# _K@O, ^KH=_O ~OaOz# Oq^H ~q~xH
P# J_H@ "~.
J@ #O#, W@ [# H=tH} kOKH, #Q~Ox
==~# KHk^H HM< `# ^$+x i# " iOK_. u~Q@
^ <` OkO [i *qH ^` NH~O K\_.
i## KHkk, "~Q ~O^ `HOQ ' =i< =O_e x
U~iK_. D =O_e J@ ~, W@ xH ==~ O|OkOz# q+#
KiOz x~# KOk. <#O f~eOk. D i< =O_e
x f~HO 12 ^# =~^~H `` XH q^# x~`x `~
K~. P Òx `h *qH ÔÒ P^~OQ `~K~.
J`k Jax Q~qOK@O, P x~ J#~OQ H~H=#
yOK@O ^#=x qOK~. =" H~O, [~,
W`~ [~ x+Ô, u^#, P u^# " >=O^
=~H x =~#, uk` JOO u^x OQO, P `~"`
K~, Oy#_ Z=~ P@OH~K~^# x|O^# O\ HH
JO# P q^# x~ Ò q=~OQ ~<~. z~ D <
=O_ex _ `= K~ ^` =OKx x~"Ok. JqhuH
JH= _` =O_e KiOz, xOk`xH =^#O KC< J=HO
141
HeOz P `~"` `y# K~ fH"x q^# x~Ò ~#@O q+O,

D == QiOz Indian Muslims QOÔx r 426429 =~ P QO^
~K~` M. Mujeeb K q~OQ q=iOK~. P^xH ~` ^ Ki`
^=OQ *qH ~*OQ q^<x ~OkOK@O [iyO^x M. Mujeeb
u~Q@ ^ ukOz# ==# OOK~. ( ' First instance in
the history of Modern India, when Democratic Constitutional proceedure
is devised..'page 429 ).
HM<, P# J#K~ *qH ^`

i`# KHkÔ^ uOz<, D == J=~# ~[=~,
iH O^, q^ H~}OQ q"O^x M. Mujeeb P QOÔ P"^#
=HO K~. ( ' Bhakth Khan and his comrades, who sought to obtain
control of premeture and unplanned milailarty uprising did have in them
the makings of just and democratic rulers and organizers and it was tragic
indeed that their cause was ruined by dissolute and incompetent princes,
and by cowards and traitors. page 429 ).
J@ ~ <kuQ, W@ ^# ~ <kHiQ ==^

H M< ^` x~OK_. O` #O_ qK# u~Q@ <``
_ Q`# Ò` #, = =^# â, ~O
JO@~^# =O^ K` KHx ~[hu[`# îOK_. u i`
<H` ^`# K\ # HM< ZO` q[` K_. J@ x, W@
[ Ja=x OÔ^ P# K# H$+ HO` "~ eOzOk.
XH"# xH i< ==# KHkÔ^, JO`~O
Q`# @# Q\ `^=\, |@ #O_ `= ^_h, Z`#
l`# Ò@ u=# #@O O\ H+ i`# KHkÔ^
P# f# Hi# K~ ~zOKx "~ H^. ~[=Oj=#
JOH~O, H`<=# ^, `= Z` Q@O ^x =^
KO^`# ~~ P# =u~HOQ ==iOK@O ~OaOK~ P
H+ i`# qxyOKx # ~|\## "~ =~ P#
q^ q~K _~. P~}# =iOK~.
_b a\+~ q^ kOz# q[O` i@x q` _` O
^x H M< qOK_. _b i~ O` Q W`~ O<n
JO_Q P O` _ a\+~ `<x JOÒ Kx P#
142
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
PzOK_. D Q ~=~, ~[@Oc, "}[ =Y HM<

q^ ì K@O =iO` f=`~O K~. ~=#OQ, _b U~_`#
J"OKh i`# J~O K# ==^ H M< KOÔQ
~<ku #O #O_ `<~.
DQ a\+ `= |Q# =iO`Q gHiOK<~.
u~Q@ ^# ìqH\ _bx n#O K<O^ =Ò HQ~.
_bx K@=\ ^_ ~OaOK~. a\+~ = è# H M< P
^_# uH@_O ^# ` =OK~. H^# ~OQO ~`#
K~. z=~ ~[O `^x è~Ok. P =O KH=ix He
|Q` J^ ÒKH"eOkQ HM< H~~. a__ r=<
H# KH=i K# f="# HOH` POQ` K` He =O`<
[~`# |^~ [~ ~ r#` =, a\+~ ``Q =i#
~["^_ HO #M< `k`~ L^# qOz# KH=iH
`"# HM< ~zOK^. KH=i J#i# _=#
i` =# L`#=Q =^H~ i}=# Q=xOz# HM< Ôx
W`~ O` a\+~` ~_`# ^j, [` H Ô
KO^ `# K~` J^ ÒK<_.
P# J=^ K~x, H Q`# u~Q@ <HÒ
=# QO [~` = <xH H~O JOkOK_. z=~ Jxq^
|O#_# `=^ K~ H=@O`, ~[O =OK =# i`#
H\ # QO [~` = `k`~ u~Q@ ^` H H
H^#~OQO #O_ < ~` O`H P# ÒK<_.
a\+ q`_# < ~A [OQ |^~, `^K<O^ =z#
HM< O\ g~` Hh H~O _ JOkOK^.
P u i` _ a\+ #` ~_`, Ti L#O`
=~ ^=ÒÒQ=O =Y `# =OK_. ('..Bhakth Khan
)
K# ^~` `= K` _ H M< + JxOK<_.
P#x ^~#, Q}Q}# u '... A man of commanding
Mujeeb, 1995, page 399 )
Ti L#O` =~ D WO_ @
`$Ò =Oz# =^_ =^ H M< 1859 " 13= `n#
POQ` ~_`, H^#~OQO <HiQ~. ^= Ò` =~O
page 275) Jh ' A most intelligent character.. , ( ibid, page 275 ) Jh POQ

143
144
played a leading part in the upheaval of 1857-58 ', Indian Muslims, M.
( _bx =i< =O_e `=~ K# ~*OQOx ^= r.

D ~*OQO "Ò 5 r LOk.
( Constitution of the Mutiny Court at Delhi
personality... ( The Great Mutiny, Christopher Hibbert, Penguin Books1978,
xHkH~ `= ~K#, _s ==^ H M< QiOz ~#@O

Q=<~O.
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
u~Q@ g~# L`~ ` L`[ ~z # H ~ _
21. Jr= M<

^j , O<n, a\+ =O__`#
~Aq. ` ~[ q~ }
HOH ^j ~[kH~O <`#
~[H "`=~}=k. =`$q J~"# =a=< L< _
`y#O` |O H, =~ =~O H#~H QO_ O_ ^` a\+ Pk`x
JOwHiOz<, `^~ ^~O` =u~HOQ Z^~ uiQ J=HO HO
\# Q_ @ Q~"a=< Q a_ Z^~K# ~Aq. P ~A
H HO> H e`xOk. P "`=~}O POQ "^= U =Ò
fx H~ XH~Q MuQOK~ Jr=. ( ' Another outstand-
ing Figure was the great poitician Azeemullah Khan, who acted as a vakeel of Nana Saheb ...' - Freedom Movement and Indian Muslims, Santimoy
Ray, PPH,1983, page. 22 )
Jr= 1834 L`~^ ~+O [xOK~. è PQ xK

J<^ ~}O O Q_zOk. ' "^\ ~A XH POQx WO@
x "_Q Ki @Q_H"e#O`\ îHO J`xk. J\ n# u`_
J`x $Ô =`~HOH* =O_K< LO_k. `# xK# L^Qx
145
^ #j~ J=^
q^j + <~H#_xH qx"yOK<_. Jz~ HO WOw+, Oz
+ ^~OQ =\_@O J"@ K<_. D =Ò *#O
He# `~"` D ~Oy = u^Hez H#~ qÔ qîQ
K~_. `# J^~} H=~ = J^ qÔ J^__. JH_
` ~ xKO_Q< << J`x Mux QiOz q<_.
|=~ ^~~ J`_ iK=_. (1857 ~[ OQ=O,
q<H~= ^"^~ "~~, J#"Ô q[, #=Q ~u K~},
^~^,2001 r 23). Jr= KHx JO^Q_ =`" HH JOî
PHiOKQ z~#= =YO, =^~"# O+}, u=O`"# "H`~O
OÒ K<_. Jr=x D q+ Q}Q}#, P# "Ôux
Q=xOz# Ò`=~^_ << P## `# =HQ ^`
x~OKO^ PxOK_. Jr= =HQ << H# "kOKO^
WOQO_ "_.
P =O JOî XHiQ "Q`, b# =~, O#
=Y` iK OK<_. =^ ~} ~f ~=~_Q HxOK
Jr= M< JO^Q_,=@Hi _ H=@O`,P# @ JHi` # WOQO_
= P# JOMHOQ =Y ~~. D q+x =iO`Q
q=i, H#~ `#O `~"` [iy# ^ a`~ Q <<
=Ou O_<x =~ =` ~# Y |_x The Great
Mutiny (Page 412) QOÔ
~K~ ` Christopher Hibbert ~<_. Jr=
M< ==~ ZO` ^~O "O> WO_ x=t# a\+~
K~hOO J~.
Jr= WOQO_ "o << H # "k ~ O_ O=`~
Q_ ~. D O^~ O Q a\+~ ~[H #, =~# #, =~~ o x Q=xOK_.
P# << H# ZO` QQ "kOz< eÒ ^x `<H
Jr= WO_ uiy #=_. P# <~Q WO_ ~O_
q+`# ^$+ @x ^# ~\ WO_ K~< }O
U~@ K<_. P U~@ H~OQ =O^ = K~#_, POQOz
<# ~ < = =^ ~[O _O `<_. D
q+x =Y uH ~K~` qeO "~ ~ q, Oz
146
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
"ix, POQ# He ~l`# K# ~+< ~O# K HiH`

Jr= Hq "_. ~+< ` x KO_Q ~H`
LO_ P# K_, ( '...those great Roostums, the Russians, who have
J<_. ~ xH @"x ijeOKO^ `# }
k# =~x HxO@< "_. <, Hq# OîOK~.
P ^ ~[H#, ^H#, < Z`, Z`
f~`## }OQ ijeOz, J^#O K_. P ^ *hHO
KÒ` @ =HOK# Ja, PHOH, P H ^#
HO "~ yOz# ~\ Jr= ^y L# Ò`K`
PK# =iO`Q ^#\~. ^xH ~O_< `#
"Q>O^ ` ~OaOK_. a\+ <kH~xH
K~=wÒ _O^ HiOK ^`, J ^ Jk<`` ~
O|O^# U~@ K<_.
~`Ô uiy =KH N <<` H `# JK## OKx
`# `# ==~O K_. ' O <` fH}"# * Q`#
<< <` Jr= PQ=#O` =iO` zO`x *
QH<~OaOK~ (1857 ~[ OQ=O, q<H~= ^"^~ "~~,
r38). a\+~ u~|_e# J=~x <H K|` ^j Y
~_. P =O ^= Ò`~@ =\ O` ZQ~
Q~. N << POQ q^ |~OQOQ u~Q|_~. P =O
<< `# #O` _bH `~e "x Jz<_. P# JK#
=# LQO LO_^x Jr= QOK_. J\H << `#
|Q` _b î \_. P =O _b << JOî XHiQ
=`" "Qe =O^x, "# H#~ LO_ POQ q^ Ô
H\ ZO` " [~QÒk# qOz# Jr=, D "~ <<
#KKQeQ~. Jr= q^ << `# _b `# q~qOK<_.
Jr= << uxkQ u~Q@ =~K# K_.
<< u xk Q u~ Q | _ # ^ j # _ Q > O ^ `
~OaOK~. Jr=# OkOKx^ << =Y"# x~=
f<"_ H^ ( 1857 ~[ OQ=O r 23). D O^~OQ W`~

O` xH <`, `HOz a\+ #Ox ~f x P#
L`~ ~_. D Y P<\ ~[H# q=i, ^j O`
ZO^= SHOQ POQ q^ ^[O Z` q=iOK_. WOQO_ `k`~
O` ~@# O^~OQ `# OkOz# OHuH i*<x LyOz,
~ OH`` `H Y# `~ K# O_. P Y `=
K`|_< L^=xH, L^=H~ #+O HQO_ `y# *Q` f<_.
L`[i`"# P L`~ ' ~f ~=~_ Y Q Ki`"
qMuQOK~. Jr= ~O_= Nr ~=, N << ^~~x
~A"i == ~# _ ` H _ s Q ~~ . P<\ ~[H
"`"~}O` @Q, [ rq` QiOz `H=\xH P# ~#
_s, Y Ki`H~ P `~"` ZO`Q< LQ_~.
1857 <\ ~@ HO [ ^H =## OOkOKO^,
POQ =u~HOQ [# _Q>O^ ' " J*k J# uH#
On, L~ + Jr= M< OQ KiOK~. =~i + _
P uH# #_O^ ` [iQ~. P uH '..~f O^=~,
=O~ =O_. ^~~ =O_. ^=O =x+H Z< =#~# WK_.
JO^ q"#k ÒÒ.. JO@ "Q KH=i |^~ [~
[ Wz# # KiOK_. =`$ ^x Hi, x |O^<
#O_ q=H HO ~@ #_==O@ ^ wÒ D uH Ki`"Ok.
L~ + Ki`"# P wÒ W yOk.
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O^< =~ !
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[~M* l
147
148
beaten the French and English together...' - Who 's who of Indian Martyrs
Vol.3, page 13 ) Jx
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^~^, 25042003 <\ OzH, r 23. )
F ^HO H~OQ << yOz# f~` P#
PO`~Oy_Q Jr= P# "O@ "~. D ~@# QO_ @OH
~_ q# L# a\+ "i xH =~# P# }OQ ijeOK_.
JO^ `Q@Q ^H# ~OkOK<_. P<_ O` #O_
_b K~ O@# ^j , u~Q@^~ HO_ "# H#~
LO@, a\+ # `^=\OKeOkQ << zOK_. ( '
O^~OQ P# =`xH JO`Q =Y`x=^. L=_ `= q^

SH~\ J=~x QiOz# Jr= =Y uH_ William Howard
Russel # H =\_` ' I am not such a fool as to belive in these
foolish things. I am of no religion.. J<_x Eighteen Fifty Seven (Page126)
J# QOÔ ~K~` Surenda Nath Sen ~<_.
1857 q"xH O|OkOz Q~OKH"e# =H Jr= M<.
Ò` =~xH ~H# K# Hk=Ok "^= D# XH =Y_.
q== H qq^ ^ ~OkOz# qq^ ^H Jr= M<
` `HOQ Q=xOK^y#\k. (1857 ~[ OQ=O, q<H~=
^"^~ "~~, r23).
P ~@HO =` HO>, =`$Ô @ =a=< Z=Q
=HO J~. [, x, xHkH~ =`` H O_ u~Q|_,
^j O~ H~O JOkOK~. H#~ ^_ <<
QO JrA< O\ g~ <i=} ~OQ `_@ JOk, g~=~}O
O^Q, ==^ Jb M< (=< #"|) << ` ^xH JkuQ
==iOz POQ =H` ~@O K ~}q J=~__.
<< ` @ u~Q@ #@" HH, u~Q@
<`# QO [~` =, =b J^M<, ~hH ~, +*^
~*, Òu` Jr= M< HiOK_. u~Q@ ~[O
JOK K~<iH << ` @Q J# _ < J_=H
"o~. |Q# =~Hx uiy ^_# ~OaOKx H^#~OQO
#O_ ÒK# u~Q@ <``@Q Jr= _ PtOK~.D
"~ ^H ~K# K~. JOQ|O, PiH |O `y#O`Q H=@O
~}q `$=k K~H=@O` P# Z` PK~} <KH^.
P# PHOH ^# < ~A [OQ |^~ HiOK^.
z=~ u i` |Q# =~< Ò
J+H _`, < ~` #=x \" (Bhutwal) J# OÒ
Jr= M< 1859 JH|~ =O H#=~.
As a Chief advisor of Nana Saheb he advised him to lead the rebels from
Kanpur instead of going to Delhi ' - Freedom Fighters of Indian Mutiny
1857, M.P.Srivasthava, Allahabad, 1997 )
P H~OQ Ki` k KOk#

H#~ u~Q@ Jr= ^H ~K# K~. P# OQ <<
"O@ LO_ u~Q@# ^HO H~OQ #_OK~.
D u~Q@ @s, Dl Jk<` H~x H~` Ki``H
Y ~~. a\+~ JkH~x JO`"OkOKO> O^=O SH`
J`=~O J<_. =Ò qkOK iq`, PK~ O^ POH
JfÒQ O^=O SH` kOKO^ JqOÒQ qOK_. D
149
150
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
a\+ H =~ OO
22. ^^ q
^ #j~ J=^
`#xQ MuQOK~. ~r# a\+~ "i `` =u~HOQ
~@# #_Oz, ~` ÒÒQ=O `H #O OkOz \~.
Ò_ +i` @# #_"## ^^q z#<@< J\H
POQ q^, [qO^~ q^ ^["u# *< \@ q~ O\
^# H<~. P ~@ @# J=Q# K<~. P
^~@ Q=O^ P# =H "o * K =K~. P ~@#
îH zO`#` @Q =lH, PiH, ~[H i` @ J=Q#
OìOK<~. J\H P# = 20 O=`~.
^^q ~r L^= <HÒ HiOK iH, ~r H=O
îH JO< HO_ [ q^ Q`# ^_J}z"`# Z^~<O^
=Ò J=`<~. P i` <HÒ K\ # ^^q H~^H`,
KHx L^= x~} HO îOz Ò_x qOz# `#_Q MuQOK~.
r +i` ^#OQ îH =lH q+ g^ ^$+ iOKQ,
^^q =Hb# PiH, ~[H i` q^ `# ^$+ HOnHiOK~.
~Q _`# ~r L^=x fikk = u~. D q+x
=Y OQe ~K~` S.P.RAY `# QOÔ History of Peasant Revolt in
India, Vol I page 293 , ' Under Dudu Mia political and economical
POQ OQ `= <^# U~@ K<~. JH_ #O_

^_ Q P~OaOK~. PkÒ yOK~. P<_ JqH OQ,
c~ `k`~ O` Q`# JO`x ^_x [ OKH ~.
H=~ ~ ^_~. D "~ ~\# ~OaOz# =O
<, è ^ WO x~tOz# =~# [# #_OK# H O`
L^qOK~. P `~"` =YOQ ~O_= `~O <, P<\ =Hb#,
PiH ~[H i`# J~O Kx, `= O`x Jx =~ [#
Hx SH ~\ yOK~. P ~\ }O # kf `~O
^ ^^ q XH~.
~`^ Ò`=~[ Ki` ~ #O OkOz,
L^=H~ i^HOQ xz# ~r L^=xH r +s`
JO~} KQ, P L^=x = =u~HOQ k x~O K#
^^ q r +i` WO@ 1819 [xOK~. P# J ~
==^ "<.'^^ q Q P## [ K<~.Ò_x qOz#
~K~` Santimoy Ray L@OHOK~. ^^q ~r#

=~j H~H~Q fik^~. [qO^~, =_"~, O@~,
=[# =u~HOQ ~\# yOKO^ \ +"# `H |Q
== ~OkOK~. D *=u~H JO_Q x# a\+ `x
Z^~_xH ~r# ^ ~@g~Q fik^~.
P<_ `~ OQ [qO^~, HOh JkH~, WO_Q
O@~ (he =O^ ì^~# JOQ) Qg} ^ ~ÒQOg^,
[ g^ y# ^_, J}z"` K~# Q=xOz, P =# q=i,
`xH M ~@O P~OaOK~. D "~ 1850 [#=i 1= `n#
~# Y P# ~# q+# ije P<_ [ _`# H+
##, ^#OQ ~` W~ =u~HOQ O@~ y# JH=
151
150
programme was combined. It brought a qulitative changes in the character of the movement', Jx
J<~x
Freedom Movement and Indian Mus-
lims (page 9)
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
`#O `k`~ i` q^ ^^q PK#, Ja =#

+OQ J~O J=`~. P# ~# Y, =O `= r=# q^#O,
PK~, O^ q+O kQ*i ~. qQ# P~k<~.
s i@ |# W<~. =O i^ WO r=# q^#O #O_
`y ÔQ`<, ^_# =$uQ K<~. H+ # Q~=`,
P# Q@x, *î H~ (Hq# H~) =`<~. D
q`~ i` #O_ [# q=HO K_xH `# Ò_ L^qOKQ, J^
@# `# _ #_<#x ^^q D Y q=iOK~. WO
K# =~O #O_ `Cx, J P^# qiOz, =~+# [#
WO =~# #_OKO^ `= #<=x, P# ~<~.
Qg} ==~ [qO^~ *HO, ~ÒQO q^ y#
AO# x~, J@ O^ [qO^~ Qx, W@ =O [qO^~
Qx, ~` =^# ù# q"^, `=# `= <kH~Q
H\ OKx, J#=~OQ *HO KO@ ~` tH, [i=<
qk<~x, P [i=< KeOK@O P"` JO^ tHQ ~`# f=OQ
O<~x P# ~<~. ` `# [qO^~ x~OK@O
UO@x `x xQf, D û J@ ` K\, W@ Q=O`x
P^ q~^=x P# f=OQ q=iOK~.
[ g^ [qO^~, O@~ y# PiH ^_, OH
`#O g^ ^$+ i, [qO^~, HOh , JkH~ y#
JH= =# tOK~. ` x|O^# H~OQ x~~OK|_# ##
W`~ "`# =`" [qO^~ = Ke LOk. JO^ a#OQ
[qO^~, JkH~ `= q<^, q J=~= _|#
[ #O_ |=OÒQ = K<~. ="`~ O_Q
x~} s "`# =O #O_ = K@O ~OaOK~. Ò
qkOz# # KeOK_xH, PiH WH@ _ Ju H+OQ, ^_# ~`,
JH= KeO# =Ò x~HiOK~. J x~HiOz# ~`# [gO^~
O Q iK < ~ x P # ~<~ . D K ~ g^ qK~ }
[iOKeOkQ è^ HOh JkH~# ^^ q H~~. JH=OQ
# =# ~` =u~HOK@O` [qO^~ `= J# ^~
153
`C_ H \Oz "k<~x JO^= *î H~ JkH OY

~` q^ H #"^ J=`<~ Jx P# PQO =HO K~. D
K~ =# ^ ~`, W`~ Qq} = Q~=`<~<~.
D i` <Ô ^^ q [ JO_Q xeK~. P#
<HÒ ~r [qO^~ JH=# ^~OQ =u~HOK~. ~r
~@ \ =#, <O H# xeK ^}# Q=xOz# [, ~`,
W`~ k` JH= ## KeOK x~HiOK~. J}y =}y _ LO_
~` `= P^# M`~ KH=@O, ##, q~# KeOK=x
Y~YO_Q K@O` [qO^~ PQO H@ ÒKOk. ~HÒ
iqOk. Qg}, ~r g^ H~`H K~ _~.D i`
Qq}, ~`, [ u~Q|_@O ` =~ =~O O_ ~Ok.
[qO^~, a\+ JkH~ @ ~r, Qg} ^ PQO H@
ÒKx u~Q@ ~kÔk. P u~Q@ ^^q =~j
<HÒ =OK~.
P H ^# HO ^^q, ~r L^=x =~O =oOK~.
[qO^~ PiH ^_, a\+~ J}z"` #O_ q=H HO ~ ÔH=x
[ xK~. k` P# PÔ^=x HxOK_. [
Q~"a=< OkOK# P# =~j PK#` k` =iO`
K~=~. P# ~Ô ~r, [ O\`", Z@=O\ <<,
U i`<< Z^~Q P`~O`,JOQ|O, P^|O, PiH Hx
=~<~. [qO^~, a\+ JkH~ J~KH# U =Ò
Qx==x ^^q <HÒ ~r, [ u#<~.
1839 ^^q ~r L^= <HÒ K\ # ~A#< `#
=~j`# K@<~. P ~A# ~r, [ P^ K`|\, P#
<HÒ @ `= Q~"h, JOwH~h H\ OK~. P# <HÒ
+aK~ b +< q^ ^_K~. ~r ^\H `@HH a\+ b
JkH~ }O` i~. b +<# ÔO K# ~r
i~ ~`# _Oz# ^x, =[# q^ ^_ K~. D
^_ =` JfÒQ [iQ~. D u~Q@ =O g^ s^~
"l\ x"kH O` ~r u~Q@ 1831 =c [i# |~`
154
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
~ÒQ u~Q@# e L#^<_. P<_ |~` u~Q@ q[O`

u~Qx HQ Pq~qOz# =c =kiQ< ~r |~ q[O`
u~QO_ ~Ok.
`$= H=~# JOK< "# ^^q ~r L^=
==# \ +O K~. L^= H~H=# XH xi+ û H~OQ J=
KO^ #<~. ~r |O L# Q=, @} ^^q
*= su OK~f ==# U~@ K~. ~r |_ Q
O` ` JkH~ HO>, ^^q P^ YzÒQ J=
H=@O Q=xOz# Ki`H~ P ==# '' state with in the state '' Q
iQ}OK~. `$= q^ ^_ [~_xH `H |Q#, `$= HêH#
Z\HC_ K~"_xH \ +"# Q_Ki ==# xiOK~. D K~
=OQ `~ OQ OÒ ^^q J#K~ 80 " =Ok
L<~x ` iH~ "_OKQ, ~r g^ y# qq^ Hx `
l ~r ~O_ #O_ ~O_#~ H Q LO\~x,
^^q x H} [~H=_xH 50 " =Ok ÔQ LO\~x
è~. D H~H=# ^^q s^~# HOÔQ Kx #_~.
^^ q P[ Q=O`x P[` =#OQ ~r qOK~. P#
@ J=~Ò aO^x qOK~. D q+x J\ HOh JkH~
`xH =iOz# x^kH D qÔQ ~<~.
_OKQ~. O@~ `<x " K, ~r ~` H# x|_@O`

WO_Q O@~ ~r g^ HH|<~. ~r# ^= `$=Q
iQ}OK~. `~ OQ OÒ ~r =Y O@~ _<
(DUNLOP) K~# =u~HOK~. ~` `## =u~HOK ~H Z^Q@O
JOHi _< r~OKHH _. JkH~ =~O Q |_x
LyOKx ~r g^, ^^ q q^ Hq# H# #"^
K~OK_. P^~ H P HxO\h << H\"~.
z=~ O@~ _< `# J# K` ^^q WO\g^
^_ K~Oz qÔO $+OK_. Ô_Q P# WO\x iQ ^K<~.
D K~ @ =O__# ~r PQ"` O@~ q^ q~K _~.
D ^_ =i } ~. ~r g^, ^^q g^
H "^~. P# q^ K# P~}# ~A= KH=@O`
H# H\"~. 1857 ~OO _< J#K~=~O iH` P~}`
P## =~i J~ K~OzOk. D H P# 14 O=`~ tH#
qkO K~. D f~ g^ ~r J KHQ L#` <#O P
H# H\"Ok.P =O ^= Ò` =~ * ^=O`\
qiO#O^#, =m P## x~OkOK~. =~H |<~OK~. P qÔQ
^^q# * Q_ =^# XH\ #~ O=`~O @ |OkOz LOK~.
P## J~ K LOz<, ~r =Ò ^= Ò` OQ=O
`=^# `# x~OK~.
Ò`=~O =yH * #O_ q_^# ^^q `
|OQ^ ~[^x _H# ~ x "O K <~. ~ r îH HH ^ O `#
i+O K_O P# q[O kOK~. ^^ q kOz# q[
OH`Q D <\H D `~OQ O` ~r O^# \OK
[<=o ^~#q~. P [# $^ D<\H ^^q xz~
L<~ O > , P # yOz# ~@O [ $^ ZO` \ # O
OkOKO^ J~OHQ^.
=Y Ki`H~_ _H~ `~KO^ ~Ow ## `_z\x..
rqÒÒ qOz# ~@^_, Jx HiOz# ~@^_ ^^ q
1860 JqOK~.
156
"..The Farazis held Dudhu Miyan to be their temporal as well as

spriritual ruler. They obeyed his commands inplicitly. They belived that
any person, slain while executing his orders, would enjoy the rewards of
martyrdom as surely as if he had fallen in battle for the faith of Islam. " (
Letter from superintendent of police, Lower Province to Govenment of
Bengal, Judl. Progs., 25 October 1848, qutoed by Mr. Narahari Kaviraj in
his Wahabi And Farazi Rebels of Bengal, Page 81)
JH= =# =u~H#, [qO^~, a\+ JkH~ ^_H,

`<xH =u~HOQ ~@# #_#, ~` WO_Q O@~ ( he=O^
Hs [=#) ~O =~H = =z _Ok. Qg} ~`#,
~` =# `= Q@ ayOKx `= W#~OQ he =O^ O@#
O_OKx, `= x~tOz# qÔQ ~` #_KH"x, H^ _Ô> P
= O_ O@ ^# QO `= OHqOKx O@~ ~`#
155
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
O^=O SHÒ` a\+ =+~# =\HiOz#
23. M< |^~ M<

~~ =u~HOQ L^qOz# [ SH` ^= Ò`
OQ=O | H O. =# ~_ #O_ ~A, ~}, O<n,
u~Q|_# ~ K# SH` J~O. D SH`# qz#O QqOKx^
`= # =#Q_^x QOz# ~` Ôx ^# OH
[#}# O^=O# =Ò ~ "~K\xH Z`#, #
^Q yOK~. a\+ ZO`=~ "~O> =O #HO>
a\+ # H_"~Q#^# =#H =# O^ [#=^ HQ
*O^ Ki`# =HHiOz ~O^ <~. Q` =u~HOQ
Ki`# u~Q ~~OK<~. z`} Q~# Ki` | K~O HeOK~.
D q+x q POQ ~K~` J.S. Grewal `# HO Muslim Rule
in India : The Assessment of British Historian (Oxford University

Press,1970) '..British administrators, scholars, historians and missionaries all became seriously involved in making the people to believe that
British rule was better than the medival Muslim Rule.' J<_.
=`$qx ~~ H|O^ #O_ q=HO KO^

157
^ #j~ J=^
u~Q@ OM~=O iOz, ~_ q[O kOz, Ki` ~ <x
OÒ K# ^j ~YO_ <` M< |^~ M<k `H
#O. a\+ `#O, Pk`x iQ ~=, `= Q_ q^
POQ JkH~ *_ O_ K# #` P# ^Òk. D ~H"#
~@ J=^ ~} QO [~` = 14= @ a\+~# ZkiOz
x=iOKQ, =_# ~H^ #"| À < ~` [OQ Ò`
~*x Oz F U_k@ eOK~. P @ M< |^~ M< ^HO_
= @ KQ ^j# QqOK~.
=~_# u~Q@ <`Q Ki` $+Oz# M< `` * ~=`
M<. M< |^~ M< 1781 [xOK~. ^= Ò` * ^#
^j #, [# L`l`# K, Ò`# J# UHH H O`
JOîh SHOK# =O 70 O=`~ =_# M< a\+~ HeOz#
JkH~ ^qx =^Hx ~}~OQ "O K~.
~YO_ ~[^x |~e 1857 " 31 `n# M< |^~ M<
u~Q@ =\# ZQ~"~. ~ YO_x *hH=O` UH" M<
<HÒ Ò` # } u+ K `^~# =\HiOK~. D
O^~OQ ~ YO_ [# L^tOz P# K# OQO [#
PH@Ok. F ~[iH === uxk J~# M< |^~ M< [#
~`^ [~ ! ( ' The people of India ' ) Jx OkOK@O q+O. ~`
Ôx ^# OH =^# O^=O ^~#^tOz
=\_`, =# q` Ò` k<`=O L^~OzOk. WOw+ "~ "
_=K. =O =u~HOQ O^=#, O^= =u~HOQ
=O# ~KQ_`~. =O~ ! q~ q` Y~## Q~q#@~`,
O^=~! q~ Q=`# P~k#@~`, qx q^# =~z
^~Ô K` HO_. XH `HO HO^ ~_O_. =# O^<
q^ POQ `#O $+Oz# =~H# q ~HO` O KO_ Jx
L^kOK~. ( '...The auspicious day of our freedom has dawned..the
English will again resort to deceit. They will try their hardest to incite the
Hindus against the Mussalmans and vice-versa...Mussalmans, if you revere the holy Quran, and Hindus, if you venerate the cow-mother, sink
your petty diffrences and join hands in this holy war..Fight under one flag
158
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
and with the free flow of your blood, wash away the stigma of the English
domination over Hindostan.. ' ( From ' How India lost her Freedom ' (Popular Prakashan) authored by Pandith Sunder lal, quoted in the eassy titled
The Mutiny of 1857 : Herosim Admist Contradictions, written by Cherly
Kanekar, Publisehd in the magazine The Voice of People Awakening,
^= ÒÒQ=x ~OaOzOk, u~Q@ K^HHQ

xezOk =O# =#`## H=~, *hHO =` q^#
$+Oz, O|O^# qz#O K, `= =#Q_ Z@=O\ =O_
KH"#<~. ^j u~Q@# ^~}OQ J}z "O^
_ D Z` LyO^#<~. O^=# =\, =O
=u~HOQ ~KQ\, _|` [ ^Hx H<O^, sQ _| OK#
ÒK~. D "~ ~ YO_ _| OK ^~ O^ ^~
OK Wz, JiH H~ P KOz PH@x, [# =Ò i@ pe
J<H` +OKO^ POQkHi *" B\O (James Outram ) qÒ
K_. P + = = SH` =O^ kQ^_ Jx [ u~iOK~.
D + _| HO = SH`# |eKk ^x K +O H\ OK~. `=
=OyH `~e =z# _| OK# ~ YO_ *hHO u~Q\~.
z=~ HOh Y*< #O_ kQ=u K# =# uiy Y*< OOKe
=zOk. D q+x T. R Metcalf `# The Aftermath of Revolt ( page
299 ) QOÔ ' Sir James Outram (1803-63) failed to raise Hindus in
Feb. 1998 issue , Page 7 )
KÒ` fH J~#@=O\ PK *O_ ~ YO_

~~_@O K POQ Jki_~. a\+ xH =~x x
u~Q|_@O` POQkH~ i~. `^xH KOk# ^~
H M< u~Q@ =~~~HÒ K~. =`$â=## ~ *hHO
*u, =` qÔ O_ ZHw=OQ M< |^~ M<# `= xQ
JOwHiOK~. P =O * =Ô =H# x*f~_Q MuQOz#
~O ^#=OuQ, a\+ #O ## ^j xK u~Q@
K~Oz# H M< <xQ ^` HiOK~. D Ò ZO` ^~^$+`,
KHx J=Q#`, Jkf ^~` ~YO_ [ $^#
K~Q<~.
z=i "Q ^ |^~ [~ uxkQ `## `#
H\ OKx M< |^~ *f"# Q~qOK~. P# 40,000 =Ok
~@ g~# ~[`, ~< =` Z~_# <x U~@ K<_.
M< u~Q@# H\ OK\ OKQ< x, [ UH", a\+
`^~#, JkH~#, L^Q#, ~ #O_ "Q\~. ~ YO_
Z_ POQ x= h_ O_ ~Ok. ^j # ~O"Ok.
M< |^~ M<#, < <_Q (~~ L ^~`) [ H\ Oz
Q~qOK~. Ò` xQ ^` HiOz# `H}" `#^# e
M< i# ~OaOK~.
P# =O^Q O^, =O SH` HO K~ K\~.
*hHO =` =<"# Q~q =O ~k<# O^ ^~
=<"# Q~q, Q=# Y~x W=\x x+kOK~. O^=O
*hHO O, =~O \ +O KO^ K H$+ K~. JO^
J#Q}OQ ~ YO_ ^# =OuQ M< |^~ M<K xq`#
~O #_KH=\O, `y# K~ fH=@O` P =` =^# K
KHxzHx O|O^ U~_~.
159
Rohilkhand against the regime of Khan Bahadur, Khan and had to return
money granted for the purpose unspent to the treasury.' ,
Jx ~<_.
= =` "~< = =`$q XH>, = =~O XH>, = H O
XH>### ~ [, =Ò i@ =#+e pe |O Q_ H"##
a\+ Z`# uH\~.
Ò` ~[O OK# M<, *|O` =~ a\+~
^_# uH\~. `= xH |Q `= H=@O, HOh |Q s
OY` K@=@_O =# ^Ò` x=}_# M< `# x +"#
Qi ~@ ^`# zOK~. The Great Mutiny of India 1857 (Page
374) J# QOÔ POQ ~K~` Christopher Hibbert D q+x, '..Do
not attempt to meet the regular colums of the infidels because they are
superior to you in discipline and organisation, and have big guns. But
watch their movements, guard all the ghauts on the rivers, intercept their
communications; stop their supplies, cut up their daks and post; keep
constatantly hanging about their camps; give them no rest..'
Jx
qOK_.
|~e ~[^xQ ~ Ò` ~*x \ +O K<H, i~
160
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
@} _ HOh `<x `^=@_OKx M< |^~ M<

Ja+OK~. P# Ja=`xH J#Q}OQ a`, [<~, ^,
=~< `k`~ @} #O_ a\+ <# ìq"_xH ^# =Ou ~O
^H~K# QqOK~. P =x J= [iO^ <u HM< H$+
~OaOK~. JO`H^ u~Q@ q" _b ^ |^~ [~
J= ^ L#_, Ò =#O XH Ô =`" F_O,
~ =~ Ô q[O kOK=K, q~ |~bH |^~O_, J=^
" O_ JO@ H M< WK~. P KqH Hx ^ qkx i`
POQ Oy~. KH=i [~ Oy~<, P# uxkQ #
K# M< |^~ M< Ò`xQ =iHO`HO =#Q_ yOK_.
D qÔQ ~ YO_ Ò` ~*x _b KH=iH PO
HeOKQ ~ M< |^~ M< \ +OQ ~OkOK@O a\+
qOQ_ _^. P Ò` ~*x JOÒ KO^ `HOQ a\+ xH
L#`kHi ~ He< HO# ~Oz, P ^`# JyOK~. P
PÔ^# HO `# K~_# aQ_~ " <HÒ
s <x |~b g^ ^_H O_. P ^_x ~ [, x
g~zÒQ uH\~. ~ x# =\ Hi#O@ Q K#
P POQ JkHi ~[O` #=_. J_ WH O^x
HO OQ ~OQOH kQ_. J~ xH |Q` |î
|~ex Jx" #O_ K@ =\_. t`# `H xH ^, J~
P^=y` q~K _# HOh |Q` M< z=i xq+O =~
~_~. Jiq` a\+ |Q =O^ iq` |~e |Q x=x
i` Z^~~. a\+ < Jx" #O_ KK = ~
x H ^# < ~ `# " Q `~= Q~. P =O ` OKx
uiy ^xH Ô H=K#x M< J# ^#OQ ^# =Ou
~O P# WK~. P M< #K^. P# q["
g~ ~" Ò^=#<_. z=~ J# Xu_ q^ ^#
J#K~`, Hk\ #O` M< 1858 " 5=`k# |~b #O_ <
J_=H "o~.
D qÔQ ^= Ò` OQ=O` QO OKx Ò`
161
~E# Oz, QÒ`~O x i` < ~` O`H

"tOz# QO [`~ =, *^ ~* , ~H^ #|
À < M<, << , Jr= M<, Òu` `k`~ =Y
< _ `= `= J#K~`, #` K~<~. D <Ò` `=
H# _nx =o ~@O yOKx PtOK~. ^~^$+=`
< _ [OQ |^~ H~O "iH aOK^. P J_= JO`zHx
su <`, x =i "kH@O` s }#+O [iyOk.
|uH |@Q@Qey="~ s~H H L_H~ x~. P H~}OQ
P < H HQ< qye ~. M< |^~ M< <
_ `_@ W==H=@" HH, q`HxH __. P ~
<`# a\+~ JyOK_.
~` Q_ g^ `= Z^~^x q~gQ`# a\+ xH ^#
=~ =\HiOz# M< |^~ M< g^ H`~ye `# =
, qK~} Ò`# [i M<, P#`@Q u~Q@ #
243 =OkH LitH# qkOK~. P tH# |~b x a\+ Hg+#~ `
H~O P=~} Q ^ =i K@=^ x~OK~. [#, ~
YO_ g~#, 1860 =i 20 = `n# P K@ H= =HOQ Li
f~.( ' A large number of his followers were also executed by hanging' '
- Who's Who of Indian Martyrs, Vol.3, page 74) K@H=# LiHOQ
LyOK@O`, Lif` `~"` K HO P=~ g~ =$`^ K@
H= #O_ `yOK^. P ^ uHH JQ P K@ H=
K@~, P, H= Ug HxOKO_ x POQkH~
`= x"kH ~<~O>, P<\ "`=~}O ZO` #HOQ LO_LO@O`
TOK=K.
P qÔQ [# SHO K, = # =\HiOz, ~YO_
Ò``# 11 = @ i~HOz# *<_ M< |^~ M<
z=i iQ `# K~Oî` H =`$qH O K|`, 1860
=i 20`n# D HO #O_ x+qOK~.
162
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
J=# ^~` `=# Ò J|~~z#
24. ~< |` M<

^= Ò` OQ=O # g~ J=# ^~`
Q}uHH~. OK Ki`< =[ @OQ Oz# ~` Ò`
L^=O z~~}"# `# x~Oz# =~ ^ P `~"` y#
=`~ L^=xH i^H"# <k "~. P<_ Jkf"# `Q`
~H`~} ^_# q` ~< |` M< XH~.L`~^ ~+Ox
"~^^ l O x XH =# @O|O ~< |` M<
1831 [xOK_. Ò_ ~ ~< J| M<. z#<\ #O_ ^~#
î Q= =# ^K# |` H\ ~[O x_ L^QO
K~~.
1857 " 11= `n# ~`Ô u~Q@ * ZQ_~.
P * =O L`~^ OÒ =iO` f=OQ LOk. P =O
|` M< H\ #Ox Q=~< \O L<~. P ^xH ^ M<
<_. H\ xH Ô a\+ ` ~[H uxk "[~ |~< (
MAJOR BURTON) x" Q$O ^_ K@O` u~Q@ =\#
163
^ #j~ J=^
ZQ~"Ok. D ^_ JH|~ 15, 1857# ~O"Ok. u~Q@ g~
`H_H `@HH~# a\+ uxk |` r=_ JO@, `# x"O
^<_. |OQ #O_ J`xx |@ ~OKO^ `q^ uOz,
z=~ P WO\x K@=\ `Q\~. }O K` P POQ_ ZO`
|@ ~^. |~< ^H# ^xH K~H=@O `, J`# |@
=K =~O HxOK^. P^` HKx ~# POQ_ Z^~x,
|OkOz# îH f~=@O =^H~O H=@O` JO` JK# _~.
P =O ~< |` M< =O^ =K~. XH xK# ^~
u#Q WO\ HC q^ K~x, JH`Q |~< Z^@ xeK~. XO@iQ
M< `# Z^@ ~=@O`, |~< `~Hx M< ^_ K_. P ^_ #O_
ÒK# M< JkHi` Ô^ Ô K J`_ OQn<_. DQ
|OQH "tOz# x |~< q^ ^_ K J`xx JOÒ K~.D
O^~OQ |` M< K# `Q=, xH u~Q@ ^xH <HÒ
=Oz# * ^ \Q~ ZO` OÒz, P# ~`
Q~= zOQ `H *H# |HiOK~.
1858 =i "[~[#~ ~|~ <HÒ a\+ xH ^
H@ O<x uiy n#O K<~. P =O u~Q@
^`@Q ÒKx |` M< Qe~ "~. Qe~ O#
OÒ a\+ ^` ~a \< (JHABIA PATTAN) J# K@
u~Q@ ^ [i# ~@O <~. _b u~Q@ qO
H=@O Qe~ O#O _ u~Q@ ^ ~[O `^.
P ~@O `~"` |` M< POQ x #O_ ÒKx,
H QO_ < ~` O`H "o~. P J_= ~O_ O=`~
Q_K~. < J@g OÒ u i` Z^~H=@O =# ~O_
`~ "` "O #O_ |@_, `_ _ `<O^ uiy H\ =O _Q
a\+ x HO@|_~ . P## `$ # K@=\ J~ K~. PqÔ Q
`= K` zH# ~< |` M< q^ <~~} K, qK~} Ò`
[iOz, 1861 PQ 10= `n# =~}Ô_# H\ OK~. P "~ 1861
JH|~ 23# H@x a\+ JkH~ uxk x"O Z^@ [ =HO
|~OQOQ |` M<# Lif~.
164
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^= Ò` OQ= ^ SH` u~O
25. |^~ [~
~f POQ @ aH# PQxH fH ^= Ò`
OQ=O. P =~O =#_ #O_ ^j =~ UH#YOQ
=O^ Q~. D ~ # ^ H `~`=O L<, *u,
=`, , Of q^ J`"#qQ qOz ^# `=# a\+~
q^ `= PQ"#, J# Z\~. D OQ= e` Z
L<, q+` `~# L`lè K ~~ # ìqH\ ^x
q=HO KO^ P `~"` n~HO y# L^=xH Ti~Ok.
P =`~ Ki``H ~\xH <HÒ =Oz# Mux OÒ Kx,
~` Ò`^= Ki` `H <x kO K<_ |^~
[~.
a\+~ QO_ ``x HeyOz, WOQO_x H=~#
OuOz# ^= Ò` OQ=O P# `# H~`H#H~`H
^$H} #O_ Ki` =# îOK<, P <` ~} x Ò` OQ=
Ki` TOK#O`Q ~ =^"# |^~ [~ " KH=~
165
^ #j~ J=^
z=i"_. P# J ~ J| =[~ ~An< ==^ |^~
. P# HO ~ [~ H=@O`, P# i ~ #O ' |^~
[~ ~` P# Q}uHH~. " KH=~ =~x 14= KH=i
~O_= JH~ , ~[` =OxH KOk# P# ~ ~ 1775
JH|~ 24= `k# |^~ [~ [xOK~.
|^~ [~ L~, i<, J~c + KHx tH}
O^~. P# ^#OQ ÒH q^ ==. P<\ =Y i<
HqO_``= W|O [M ( Ibrahim Zauq), J^ M< Qe ( Asad
Ullah Khan Ghalib) O\ "i=^ tH} Qi~. P# HqÒ =<"
K xÒQ =HO H=@O =`" HO_, Ow` ^#`# Hey LO_
O_`, Ow` HH~ =## O^~. z=~ a\+ "i |OnQ
~OQ# Q_# (18581862) O^~OQ P# ~# HqÒ P#
Mu<iOz \Ok. D Hq` " JkH~O ~, <==`
KH=~Q qye~# ^ =HOH=@" HH, [ =<"
_ `y# #O HeOzOk. P# î K JOÔQ JH~}O LO_,
P<\ JH~ t (Calligraphist) J``= JH~teQ |^~ [~
MuQOK~. KH=~ a_ [ J"@ a#OQ =^ #O, ^ =<xH
H_^~OQ LO_# [~ =Oz [# .
|^~ [~ q" K<~. P H=O 1840
q"=_# r#` = P# "# ~. |^~ [~ x~
q^ JkH =O K, z=i =~ P# "O@ L# P" ^= Ò`
OQ= =O `#^# ` x~OzOk. JQA H=#QÒQ ^He#
' " KH=i ^qx H=O Òz `# =~_ ["< H OHqOK
OHeOz, 1857 <\ OQ=O a\+ "i` K` HeO^# P~}#,
JHih r#` = =@Q@Ok.
|^~ [~ z#`#O qÔ`@Q ^ q^
_ =Oz `sÔ^~. Q~ s, Hu u@O, `H H@O
<~~~. P^ QO tH`~. D q^ L`= u#
K~. ^#OQ Q~ s \x "\Q MuQ_OK~. |^~
[~ ``, 13= " KH=i PO OQ ' k"x x 1765 D
166
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
WO_ HOh~O K, P H=O <==` JkH~` qye=@O

=# [~ O\ _H ^H Hx îOK J=HO O_ ~Ok.
1765 #O_ # = K> #O #O_ POQ i##
K> <xH K~x ^^ WO_ JO` D WO_ HOh i#
HO^ =z<, KH=i @ [ L# Q~"a=< ^$ , "Q =*x
<~Q `= =[O QOQ =~H^. D q+O POQ H_
=`HOQ ==iOK~. HOh JkH~ `=# KH=i ux^Q
H\ O K<~. " KH=iH =Oy =Oy = K , ~H #[~<
_@O P~OaOK~.
KH=i ^q <==Ò H=@O, ~[#, i< ==~#
~"HOK ~[iH # OH=@O =# |^~ [~ Ow`
` q^ Z= ^ KQ~. KH=i J#q# qkH~,
~[KiH "="# iOz"O^ POQkH~ uOK Q~.
KH=ix =# ~x ~H kQ*~x ^+ |k` Z` "~. P#
K# =O q^ qK~} x~OK~. ~[=OO n#Ox ' H\
MtO ~Q}# KH=i JcxH =u~HOQ n#O K<~. KH=i
[#k#O <_ O<n, ~*, a\+ Q=~~ [#~ O^HOQ
=iOK< #[~< ~^ K~. ^~~x =Y ' d` (Khilats)
=i `H ^` ( Robes of Honour ) Q~qOK KH=i O^H
JkH~x iOK~. ' k"<M x "O_ O<x y_O y ^K~.
KH=i [ ^~#qK ' k"<P" # =~. JO`~O
[~`# ==~ q^ x LOz, u z# q+x èKO^ F
JkHix xqOK~. D JkH~ HO_ Q_K~O xqÒ POQ _
ZOye "`# PtOK ^j# ~OQ xqOK~.
KH=iQ `# "~_ H\ OK JkH~x ~^ KO^, KH=i
i"~x Z~H@ #O_ ` (Qutub) `~e OKO^ Lord Ellenborough
Z` "_. |^~ `~"` `= W+"# "ix O#O q^
~_`=x _ H\ OK_. |^~ ^ =~_ n<
O#O P KOz J`x K` Z~H@# Mm K#h, ~[iH Jx q+
H~# i`l#x ~~OK<~. P ~=~_ 1856 =~}O KH,
z# ~ r#` = =~_ ["< H# `# "~_Q H\ Oz#\H,
P# ~# M`~ KO_, ~[ =OxH O|OkOz# `H
JkH~# Jx\h =Ô@#@ ~[=~_ q~ M+ K` O_
~~OKx, J`xx KH=iQ H\ OKO^ POQ JOwHiOK~. "Q
KH=i |^~ [~ ~x kOz ' KH=i Jx HO_ ' ~A Jx
"x H\ , |^~ "i =#_ O^HOQ \#
Q~==~^# POQkH~ Ke# J=~O ^x _ H\ OK_.
KH=i |^~ OQ ~} r#` = JO`~xH =~ ~=@O,
168
" KH=i PO D WO_ HOhH KOk# ~|~ H~= 1765

OQ ~Q} # = JkH~e ' k"x x k# ^$O.
=iOKO@, KH=i ~ q^ `= W#~OQ JkH~ K~OK~.
P H~}OQ ~~ `= q^ `#O K<~# q+O [#O
*<xH JO^^. KH=~ # <==ÒQ =iO^# "=O =#
[ `|O =~ è~^. KH=i <x |#~ =O` HOh
K\ # q^<# QOQ " =O` ~A#
Òz Ò` ~*# H\ OK~. P ` QOQ ``
^~^ #"| q^ _ = qi< x*O zH^. P `~"` POQ
=*O z# J=^ #"| ÒÒ H\ OK_.D
QOQ KH=i Q~=u+ QO HeyOK K~ POQ ^KQ
167
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
Z= Q_@O =# KH=i ~ kQ*~Ò^# KH~ J~} q^

F g^_ =# =H K` xH ~< ~^ K~Oz, KH=i =HÒ
q^ |~^ KeOK KH~ Ò _ K~OK~.
XH û H~OQ Q`# Ju`H ^_x |^~ [~
Q=x L<~. HOh kOK O=ìH ~}O q^ =~^~HOQ
Q_ =# 84 O=`~ =$^ KH=i |^~ [~ Uq K<,
`# PQh, JO`$h J=HO îH#_ =HO KQ~. KH=iQ
`# ~[=O ""x H=_xH W+_H, If I am the son of my father, I
_= =O`# O` [=< #kx ^\ _b Z~H@H "tOK~.

D "~ #Q~ "O K# u~Q@ ^ J_ =z# POQ
x_`, KH=i =^ "o, `= <HÒ =Oz POQ# e"~
^\OKeOkQ H~~. D i}=x TOKx |^~ P~`,
' <# H~#. < =^ Y*< Hx #O Qx ^. J=~"` < }O JO`
Ys^#kQ qOK#. <# UO KQ# J<~. JO^ =^#OQ, '
"=<O..r` `~"u OQu. q Pj K. Ò` ~` ^xH
^Q q=e Hi<O. <HÒ =OKO_. POQ# ìq"Ô,
Jx Z~H@ K~# ^ H\ OK~. z=~ Ju <#OQ _bx
n#O KH=_O H$`H$`~.
z=~ u~ Q @ < H ` O = OK _ xH | ^ ~
O^~. 1857 " 12= `n# ^~~ x~Oz, KH=i ^
x=H K~. = i< ==~ =O_ex U~@ K~. O^
=O # `_ O_, q^
`=~ # |\ =iH ^ `# JyOK~.
a\+~# ^=x x PêK~. POQ HiOK=^x
[ q[ K~. D H@#` Ôx u~Q@ ^, [
P#Oî`~. _b u~Q@ ^ _eQ `~ HQ, |^
[~ JOîH u~Qx KH=i J~. Ò` H\ OK# Ô`
`=# `= KH=iH ux^Q H\ OKO@, `= O` i`
KH|_Q< _bH ~Q~. D qÔQ _b =z Ki# x _b i~
O`## a\+ |Q q^ ^_ [i q[ kOK@O`
OQ= ^ P`qO W#=_OzOk.
POQ D i` Qi `~#~# _Q~. WO_ x
O<nO` D =~O Q= H^. " q^ L# ^+O`
x POQ JO_Q xeK~. Q~ q^~. D
J=Hx qx"yOKx u~Q@# J}z"x a\+~ J#<~.
WO_x u~Q@ ÔîH _b P[#H HOÔQ =i#O^#,
=O^Q _bx #~HqOK<O^ |Q "iO yOk.
`= OKO J LO_Q u~Q@ <HÒ =#
|^~ [~ iu =~ `~Ok. PiH W|O^ K@=\~.
170
shall do what my father had done. I wll accept no conditions imposed by
the British ( FREEDOM FIGHTERS OF INDIAN MUTINY 1857, M.P

Srivastava, 1997, Page 125)
Jx H\ OK~. KH=iQ Jx H~
J#q< "= iux QiOz, `# HOh K` ( Qaid - i Farang) |On## q+x P# Hq` =HO K~.
[ HO =OKe =z#_ |^~ [~ P J=Hx
KHQ qxyOK<~. _b #Q~O iÔ H__xHO@, =#
#Q~O " `~eOKx JkH~ P^tOK~. = [=#
KH=i =^ =z `= Q_ qxOK<~. ' = [ x=tOK K@#
"= x=O. [ JH~x "= OKO\O Jx H\ Oz `#
x"x #Q~O " U~@ KeOkQ P# H~~. P x~O`
YOQu# HOh `= P^# q~qOK<~. D ~HOQ POQ
J<z` x~ =# W|O^# Z^~# q =~i KH=i
=^ ~Q, POQ P^ q^ PQ, '..I warn you not to harass
my subjects by uprooting them from their homes. Do not force them to
leave the city as long as I am here , (FREEDOM FIGHTERS OF INDIAN

MUTINY 1857, M.P Srivastava)
Jx KiOK~.
O` = =OQ, [ Z^~O@# = =OQ
POQkH~ KH=i |^~ [~ =^# K# HO QÒk.
P HO H 1857 " 11= `k ="~O<_ =~OQ ~O`~O
KOkOk. HOh K~ PQOz# q~\x x " 10=
`k# u~Q|_, JH_ #O_ _bH | î 11= `n# `"~ ~=#
169
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
^~~, ^ =# #Q~O JOu | yOk. P =O

|~e #O_ Y*<`, |Q` ^q^ J#=A# HM< =K_.
P## ÒÒQ= <xH ~<kuQ xqOK~. P P=Hx
H M < kxQO K x, #Q~O x i` # KH k^@ " HO_ i<
q^<# "~Q ~_.
_bx `= @#O_ *sx=~^x u~Q@ ^, U qÔQ<<
_bx #~HqOKH"x POQkH~ Z` Z` " ~\
y<~. D qÔQ " 11`n <\ #O_ O|~ 14 =~ ^^ 72
~\ Q~. D ~\, =` JfÒQ O^=O [O
[O He L=_ H OHO }iOK_xH ^ _ `#@ POQ JkH~
J~"Ok. D SH`# qz#O K#<~. P =O |H^ O_Q
=zOk. D O_Q O^~OQ =O Q=# Y~x W~ H#H D
J=Hx qxyOKx O^=# ~KQ\ H $+Oz, |O
Q_H"#<~. D q+x Q\ # ^ [~ `y# K~
f <_ .'.. O _ Q O ^ ~ O Q #Q ~ O Q=# Y~ x W=~^ .
==n_=~< Q=^K<, Q=^K_xH HiOz<, J@=O\ "ix
~Oy Q\xH H\ e"@O [~QÒk Jx Ki P[ *sK~.
D^ ^Q~ Q~# Y~x Wz P# JOîH =~^~H~. D x~O`
POQ PtOz#@Q O^==O =^# q^ li ^.
D q+x, POQ JkHi Hx` OQ ( Keith Young) q '= P
J_~ J<_. ( ' Our hopes of a ground row in the city yesterday at the Eed Festival have not, apparently fulfilled , Eighteen Fifty
Seven, Surendra Nath Sen, Page 93) u~Q@ =O [<#
PtOz =`" HO_, D ~O_ [#=^ =^ =~x PHOH,
_b #Q~Ox O^=OO` H u U_k x~OK O` '
"OH ~ (Phoolwalon-ki-sair) # P# ~OaOK~.
_bx #O_ POQ ìq"` `~"`, _b |@ O`
Q`# u~Q@# Q=xOz# |^~ [~, P Ô^s _bH
~=x PxOK_. POQ# iQ ~l`# KO^ D ~@O
`=` H ~"eOkQ H~` \, |~, |^~~, *~,
171
L^ ~, J~ ( Patiala, Ballubhagarh, Bahaduragarh, Jaipur, Udiapur,

Alwar) ~* ~[~ (Jhajjar) #"|# KH=i Y ~~. "
JO> =O_ _`# t =`xH KOk# *q~ O<n_ ~Ol`
OQ, [= _ ~* Q OQ# _ P# PxOK~.
~[## ^j =Y ~OK_xH _ P# O^` =HO
K~.'.. We want you to form a confederacy of states. Should you all
combine for the purpose we would willingly transfer the power and office
to your hand..
Jx ^ Y ~_x POQ JkHi Metcalfe ~<_.

1857 O|~ =O =KOk. _b ~@O z=i ^ K~Ok.
POQkH~ `= |Qx\x QKx _b q^ q~K_~. P
c+} ~@O =#O ^~x, P^|O ix u~Q@ ^
=Oy@ ~[O `K_yOk. P =O KH=i OQ POQ #
q^ ^_ [iO^ #Q~O " =<~x K~O yOk. P K~O`
Lì`# [, x JOk# P^x fx KH=i <HÒ
POQ < q^ ^_H |^~~. ^~^$+=` HO^~ a\+~ ``
KH=ix P Ò #O_ q~qOK~. D K~` Q# [, HO^~
x #Q~O =ê "o~. P ~u POQ |Q ^_ OH~ ~O
êOk. u~Q@ ^ } `yOz yOz# ~ POQ P^
Ou =# q"Ok. POQ < _b ~H} =x KkOKx O|~
14= `n# Z~H@H KK =K~. z=~ 19= `n# Z~H@ POQ
="Ok.
KH=ix H=OQ #Q~O #Oz `~e, _b " Q`# ~\
}O =Kx qOK_ <<_ H M <. [~` = <H` O
Q`# Ò` ## KH=iH ^$+H `, _b #O_ H "o ~\x
yOKO^ u^=x WK_. ( '..Bhaktha Khan, represented
to the King that his only way of safety lay in flight; he begged him to
accompany the sipahi army, which still remained intact, and renew the
war in the open country.' The Indian Mutiny of 1857, G.B.Malleson, Page
309)
D `"# 84 UO_ KH=iH ~zOK^. ~[=~_

["< H M<# KH=iQ K# ^~` POQ J#OQ
==i# ~} r#` =, JO`~Oy_ J= M< "~,
172
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
~# "oxz KH=i i"~O` O|~ 20= `k# =<

=k =#O =^ `^K<_.
KH=i, ~[=~# @O> Qx i~ q[O aOz#@
H^H#H POQJkH~, ^#OQ _< ( Captain Hodson) `# |Q`
[~ *_HO uO_Q POQ L^y, ^ =b ~[ Jb P ~O
H |@| K_. P" q^ =< =k K~x, KH=i,
P# i"~Ox } Z@=O\ x `@=x ~ HeOz,
|^~ [~# 1857 O|~ 21= `k# x~OkOz, _bH fHz
__# =#O LOK~. KH=i @ J=#+OQ ==iOK~. P#
ÒKH_xH u x~H}OQ He"=x P[ *s J~.
`+O LO_~^#<~ POQkH~. ^#OQ H< _<
(Captain Hodson) " ~[=Ox Ô<#O K#<_. KH=i
"~ =< =k =#O L<~x è |Q` `~e"o
q~ J||H~, q~ ", q~ d[~ <# x~OÔH f<_.
Z_ |O_ q^ =Q~ ~=~# _bH `~e, _b Q@ =^ Py, [
P^` "O@ =<~# <O`, ~[=~# |O_ #O_ kOz, ^#
èyOz, Hodson OQ H [i ~[=~# |ef<_. D
K~` [ _~. Z~H@ _ ~[=OxH O|OkOz# U
XHih =Ô_ JOÒ K~. P `HO_ =O ~=~_ ~*
_b _. =O_~ #O_ J`# q= OM~=O iOz ~_`<_.
D qÔQ POQ PQxH |# [, ~[=Oj =$`^
~A `~|_ JO`H <KH^. ~[ =Oj# `_z\H, POQ
x ^KQ _b #Q~x ^K<~. [ q^ OH~ ^=#HO_
yOK~. #Q~x ~H>~ =OK`~. , =$^, = J#
`_ O_ HxOz# "i# HxOz# K@ ` Z~K~. [ =#
}` P@_<~. ~^~, =<, =, #k, uK\
=$` H|~# K# POQkH~ q~.
D ^~# QOz# =Y Hq Qe '..WH_ Z@ K< < H
=O^ ~H =Ô HxOk...=#= H|~` [=< #k xO_~Ok.
P OH~ ^$# K QO_ |^# = P`` _~.
173
JO^ H OQ KKO x q xO_ =$`H...ZO` =Okx

Lif~ P Q=O`_H èe... Jx =^KO^_. P<\ OH~ ^$#,
POQ x, * U*O@# xqOz JkH~ [ P# ^K#
f~# POQ xHkH~ Collenel G.B Malleson, Captain Charles Jhon
Griffiths, Christopher Hibbert ~# QO^ K q=~OQ ~<~.
D iu W LO_Q KH=i iu H_ ^#OQ =iOk. P##
K_xH Z=~ =z< ' ~A HiOQ K"_ ` =@_"_ H^x,
K#O Kx =x+ n~K# =xy HxOK"_x Captain Charles Jhon
Griffiths `# QOÔ A Narrative of the seige of Delhi ,1857 =iOK_.
KH=i [~ q^ POQ xHkH~ <~~} K~. OQ=xH
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She was rightly the soul of the insurrection, A Comprehensive History

of India, H. Beveridge, 1887 Ed. Vol.III, Page 842. Qyoted by Mr. Srivasthava
in his book Freedom Fighters of Indian Mutiny 1857 , page105)
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Fighters of Indin Mutiny 1857,page105) Jx
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couraged her army by her presence on the field of battle, History of Freedom Movement in India, Dr. Tara Chand, Page 85)
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`èHOQ `Cx uiy ^xH kQ@O =Oz^x qOK~. Òu`
`@Q ~* J@g OÒH `C<~. P J_= ~* ,
Òu ` u~Q@ q+` QiOz KiOK~. ^j |Q,
`=` H =K q^j |Q _ `_` ` u~Q@ q[O H*^x
< qOK~. P ` QOQ `= `# `= KO^
< `î Z#<~. x` K~ ` H +~* ~[< x
~O* J@g O`xH K~<~.
P \H ~`=x u~Q@ ~\ #y~. D WO_
HOh i# _ =yOk. a\+ ~} qHi # HiOzOk.
1858 #=O|~ P" XH H@# KOk. u~Q@ < Oy`
H=aH k#Ok. [#, ^j # OQn<O^
"Q< KOk. QiKOk. P H@# eÒQ =~ ~
@ #O_ `C<~. QÒ`~O x i` HO^~ < J_=H
`<~. Ò`` H\ OK# K O` uiy POQ n#OH
=K~. =`$ q q=H HO ~_# g~` "kQ }
H~. Lif` |~. x~O^ Q~~.
D u i`g ~* x~ HeOK^. ~O* J_=
`^K# ~* =m ~ `~ HQ~. ~} K# H@##
^$+ LOKx ~@O q~qOK@O L`==x HO^~ L^kOK~. PQ
KOk# _H~ #r~M< +*^ ~* `~# =^=iQ ==iOK_.
1859 E< 4= `n# qHi ~} uxkH P# Y O~. P Y
~}O OQÒ@x t, `# O~ K H"<~. Ò`_<#
`# ZH_H "o< J=~^ LO_~^<~. P# J#K~ P^#
n#O KH~^<~. P Y# O XH"# OkO y, #
198
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
U=i, =~"+O ~OQ Px< "o~.
P qÔQ Ô #O_ J^$"# ~* a\+~ =u~HOQ
Q`# ~\xH =^ P, t= ^ Jk<` H~O H~`
~@# QqOK~. z=~ 1860 <\H ~* HO^~ K~x, JH_
#O_ 1862 >~< "~. =~=Ô =~ ~A# H `=
~\xH O H~~. z#\ K~ Ô` OK~O yOK~.
Ju H+O q^ HiOz# ^# O P^# =~<O^ H ~#
J"iH O~. ` JO^H=@" H^ JH_ O# ^#O _
U"O^ P `~"` JO`@O_ ~Ok.
D Q ~* `# `# a\+ Ò i^
^k<` Y ~ ~* HiOK =^x HiOk. ~* g^ Q\
x U~@ K, P# HêH# Q=xOKyOk. a\+~ H#Q
H~H yOK@O ~* H+"~Ok. PiH W|O^ K@=\~.
q~="~QH Q`# OK~O =# ~# P~O, `y#O` qOu H~=
H=@O` J<~QO` @Q, HO\K `yOk. ~A~A |_`#
a\+ =[ "^ |x Z^~=@O P# J^"Ok. |_#
=["^ P^# H^x ~* _Q Ò` O_
~. zQ~O` P# HeO K "`=~}O H~ =~Ok. J<~QO k O _Q
z=~ P# 1875 =H K~<~.
`= q^ ~ |Q# _Q@H_xH Ô =ê "_`#_
~ `HO QO Z@=O\ P^~_^x qz# ~* P"
q_ WK~. J~< ~ ~O J## P" ~* HO J<+}
yOz, F _K <qx O` ~* `^K# P^< K~Ok. P
~K Ô`# JH_ P^< "~ H~=~. ~~ uO_ |\
H~"~Ok. J ^~~ i` _ ~* POQ =u~H K~
=#^. D "~ P# yOz# P JqO` = =# z=~ P#
HHO_ H _ HiOK@O iQ =<~. u i`
K@=@_O` =`$^x =ke ~Ô `^KH"e# û P##
Q OQnOk. =`$Ô iQ ~^j ="~O^# zO` P#
P~Qx =iO` ^|fOk.
199
^ #j~ J=^
~ J~QO ^@_x i# ~* ~.
P =^ #O_ P# HH~. z=~ 1877 _O|~ 8= `n#
" ~=~_ ~* `# 45 O=`~ = =H JOu=
q_K~. Ki` ~* ~ ZH_ qxOK _^h, [ $^
#Oz P# ~ Kiy"h, P^t a\+ H =~ ZO`\ t`
_<, ~* ~# [ $^ #O_ `_z"@O Ô H^.
"Q ~[=~_ ~* yOz# ~\#, H$`#
=Y Ki`H~_ `~ KO^ `# QOÔ History of The Freedom Movement In India. Vol.2 ( Page 101 ) D qÔQ OtOK_.
'.. The royal house of Delhi gave to the cause a representative not unworthy of its noble traditions. Though young in age - for he was in twenties when the revolt broke out- Prince Firoz Sha was a born leader of men.
.. Although in dire circumstances, he refused to barter self-respect, personal liberty, or the claims of his house for life in durance vile and humilating.
He had been an intrepid fighter, and his faith in the destiny of his country
remained unshaken till the end. He died in exile. .
200
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}_< ~^j# ^x Òz#
30.q~ ==^ < M<

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=OzOk. D ~RO [iy# u~Q@ <<, Òu`, =b
J=^, ~h ~} H;~, J=^ QO [~` =, ~YO_
<` M< |^~ M< O\ =Y ^#OQ <HÒ =OK~. D
<Ò` P O` ~A, ~} H#H `=`= ~* #O_
~^j# ìq H@_xH #_OH@@O [O. P @ Q
Q~"a=< ^$ Qh, ~\ Q_ @ Q =a=< =# Qx P
<` ~` @Q =# [ _ P^ K\~. P<_
[O` `= ~*# `= `= =`" eOKx H~O@
=O^ Q~. D WO_ HOh J iOz# `= ~*n O<#
uiy H=O KH"# H O` PÔ K\ H^#~OQxH Hê# ^
q~ ==^ < =Y.
L`~^ ~ROx J^ #"| ~[O Q~M~ XH O#O.
N#O` OQ PO<xH Jku.P O<nx =^' =Ou Q < M<
^`# x~<~. J^ #"| "l^ Jb D WO_ HOh`
201
^ #j~ J=^
Ò^ Hey<, =[ q~} HOH` ~ye`# HOh ,
J==#H~"# su P## ^gK`x K, ==@` HH` O
x~OkOK~. eÒQ J^ Q"# Q~M~ HOh H HO^
=KOk. J H~}OQ N#O` OQ O<x H~. D i`#,
==^ < M< OKH~.
=O HO Z^~ K# P# g~\ ~ye# ^= Ò`
OQ=O L`xzOk. D WO_ HOh P^ #"|
~ QO [~` = iOz# =~ OM~=O P# P`qO
HeyOK@O` Q~M~ ==^ <M< u~Q@ `Hx ZQ~"~.
Ò` ~*x H\ OK~. ^j ~ `_Q Q~M~ "`
<x `~ K<~. =Y Ki`H~_ `~KO^ H~O P#
"O@ 12" =Ok x<~. Q~M~ ## POQ `= =u~HO
H^h, J u~Q@ =HQ`"Ok H< H^<~. D ~@O ^"
L=_ [< HO =`" ~OaOK=<~. J^ Q^ g^ #"|#,
Q~M~ O#O N#O` OQ ## K_#k `= ^<O
J<~. P H O HO `# }# }OQ >O^ ^=~.
D "~ < M< Ò` # *~O[HOQ <Q =
@ yOk. XH z# O#Ox ' <l" [` H u~Q@ K@O,
Ò` `Hx ZQ~", HOh # " q~\x HOh
r~O KHH~. |Q# gHiOKx 1857 #=O|~ 24= `n#
Q~M~ q^ ^_ K~. ==^ < M< <HÒ u~Q@
g~ ZO`Q ~_<, z=~ POQH q[O aOzOk. q[O HO>
==^ < M<# r=OQ @H=@O uH~OQ HOh <kH~
qOK~.
P u i`# QOz# ==^ < J#K~ `=
}# }OQ \, P## H^# ~OQO #O_ ÒK~. P qÔQ
HOh <kH~ HO@_O_ ÒKx < ~` O` P#
K~<~. JH_ J*ÒQ Q_`, uiy ^_ KO^ |Q gH~}
` x=Q=~. PiH i` ^~}OQ LO_@O` `
J#eOK^.
202
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
P =O P# x` q`_ +M M~n< #O_ P# XH

Y =zOk. +H M~n< Q~M~ O#O _\ "l\. ==^
< M<, +H M~n< }q`. P# _ u~Q@# ÒK~
Hx u~Q@ #^. J*Ò J+H _`# q`x i`#
`x =^ KO^_. HOh # " K# `# q`_ J_=<
L#O^# P# HO Qe# HOh x Qh, a\+~ ``Q ==i#
[OQ |^~ x Qx < M<# `=~ J=HO LO^#x
q`_ H_#<_. < M< =HQÒQ O _^# JOO
P## H_\xH LQ_Q^x qOK_. D "~ P# J_=
L# < XH Y ~ O_. =# PO <~"^. ~@O F_O.
POQ q[O aOzOk. =# L^=x J}z"~. HOh #
_ ~Ok. Ò ~`Ô a@< Q=~Ok. P Ô ~} qHi,
=# ^xHC_ =~}. P ~} K# ~[H@# Oy~# "~OîH
H=aH H\ OK~. h= =HQÒQ POQ# `K^. H~ <H
O\ "# H_=. h= Oy` U h [~Q^. JO^= `H}O
Oy=x, H~_. (Eighteen Fifty Seven, Surendra Nath Sen, Govt.
+OQ =HHiOK~. JO`H^, x[" <# POQ# ` K^.

P@=O\ ^x ÒK^. POQ JkH~, x J=#
, Q_" ~, aH~ J< qKH}
O_ T`HK H~. P ^K<~.
[ x" ÔO K~. (Ibid Pages 364-66 and 389-91) Jx `#
Y P<_ HOh , x [i# ~H H$`# q=iOK~.
[ ^~~ _# a\+~ ~@O yOKO_ q#O_"?
JO@ q`_ tOK~. @|_`## OQh, Kx`# zO`Qh `#
^<~. K= Z=iH< Z__< `^. P K= `~O HO Oq
JO`HO> P#OÔ U=O@O^<~.
==^ < M< =^#O K M~n< HOQ~ __. q`x
Ja OOK^y#qQ L<, P @^ =# P<H_ a\+~ K`zH
zH } Q@O\_## O @Ok. P# #KKO^
=~H Y ~_. P Y P^ ~*x uiy #"| JyOKh,
QÒ K# XO^# J= [~h, WH =O^ ~[ q~}
#H=x H\ OKh h= "e|z# Ja, +~`, h P `
Jq J= [iQq H=. Ò JHqOK# ~[O XH 'aQ _
=^H^. J#=~"# "^# K h q+O h= PzOKH =O
qOKH =O^ Oy~ } H_H, =x H~_. (Ibid Pages 364-
of India Publications, New Delhi, 1957, Page 364-66 and 389-91)
=^ < M< q`x Y# *Q`Q ijeOK_. QÒ HOh #

a\+~, ^j @ ==iOz# f~`## sA "<~. #=HO
Hx a\+~ =~# ^$ ~@O `, Oy=@O ^~^#<~.
D "~ M~n< Y =^#O ~ O~. P n~"# Y
J^ #"| Z_ Z =iOK~ K_^ ? J# ~*x ZO` ^~~O Q
JiOK~, #"|# Z `yOK~ è^? J^ #_
POQ ## =u~HOK^. ZC_ "iH q^`< H\ OK~
Q ^ ?...JO^ = O^ # Ox ~A, O < k ` , ~
u~Q@# J=HOQ fx u~Q|_~. J^ #"| =Q,
q^Q P ~*x x@\xH #<O. Jk =# H~=O. Ô
H " ~`# O^#< "# Z^~<O, Jk < QOQ
q<#. J KH` D HO, ~HO _ ^Q < =YO
q^ #Q_ HCH"e =O@Ok, Jx P Y `# =<"# <M<
203
66 and 389-91)
q`_ Zx q^ #KK< u~Q@ g~_ ==^ <M<

Oy=\xH q~ W+_^. q`x ^~} K M~n< PO^# __.
==^ < ` H u~Q@ # OH~~, QO_, a `k`~
O` u~Q@ < ^~ _ P# Y ~~OK_. u
"`=~}x q=i P ^# ZO`\ J^" PÔÒ q=i
Y ~_. ` q^ uOKH, q`, x` Xu_ "~ ==^
< M< Oy\xH JOwHiOK_. J*`"O #O_ P# |@
=K~. Ò qK~} ~OaOzOk. =HQÒQ Z=ih ` KH=@O,
JO` qOz u~Q@ =O POQ JkH~ @Oc# ~H`
O` O"@O `k`~ JO# iQ}H fH"x P# q`
`x H~~.
204
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^ #j~ J=^
q`_ M~n< =^ < ~# Y u

P ` eÒQ, P<\ q`~ i` < `# @OxH
}aH \# f~# q=iOz, P## x~+Q q_^ Kh, P#
~}O H\ OKh POQkHi H~ <H `xH ~ K_. P
~# Q~M~ Hg+~ f=OQ =u~HOK_. ' J# POQ_
`` < O|OÔ LO^x J`# P~OK_. P P~} g^ qK~}
~O"Ok. ==^ <M< =^~Q x"e =zOk. qK~} Q`#
=O Z=~ TOKx qÔQ ` Q~_## ' r=OQ
`H=_. Ò <# x~+Q H\ OzOk. q` `
eOK~. J=# ^~` u~Q@# #_, }O HO> Ò`
# ^#=x H\ Oz# ==^ < M< ~` Ki` z~~}"#
<x OÒ K<~.
205
206
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
OQ Hu\ H^#~OQxH Hê# îH"`
31. =e ^ J=n<
^= ÒÒQ=O L`~ ~` Ôx îH <
Uq^ O Q< ` , [ #, ^ j x # a\ + =u ~ H O Q
q[$OaOK=x ÒK~, J^ qÔQ ^H} ~`Ôx =b [#
L`l`# K~. JÒ` ^~`, }# `$}OQ qOz
|~OQOQ u~Q@ H~H# ÒK@O =`"H^ u~Q@
^# =OÔ_ #_OK~. D "~ ^H} ~` Ô |"# O#=Q
<*O u~Q@ [# uOkOK@O îH"` uOK~.
<*O #"| O\ |"# O<n POQ JO_Q L#\H
u~Q@ * "_x POQ JkH~ KqK_e =zOÔ>, u~Q@
^ ZO`\ ^$_ xO` =O^ Q~ Òk. [# u~Q@
^# ÒK@" HO_ OQ ~@O JQQ# xz# îH
<` =b ^ J=n< XH~.
PO^^ ~+ ~[^x, ~ <*O O#O ^~^ =b
J=n< x" O. P# [##O, è Ò_ q=~, O QiOz#
=K~O JO^@ ^. 1857 ^~^ ~_h q^ [iy# ^_
207
^ #j~ J=^
O@# #O_ ~O" JO_=< n=x * P# JOu=
q_KO`=~ q=~ `<~.
1857 =O^ a\+ `<xH =u~H =# <*O
OÒ =`" H^ <*O ~[^x ^~^ _ _K~.
a\+~` x*O #"| XO^xH =KH, POQ ' * O J#@O
OKx [, ~[=Oj U^H~}OQ u~Q|_`< =K~. POQ
JkH~ JOH~O, Ju~Oz# `<x OKx x ~O #O_
JO`$x "_ < =K~. D JOO`$x J}z" _xH ZO`Q uOz<
H =~ ÔH^. z=~ x*O HO^~~ ^~~x #~
L= P<\ JO`$ ~ <HÒ =OK~. D WO_ HO h
^`,`#O #Kx "~ #~ L= #O K~~. D i`#
Q=xOz# POQkH~ Hi#OQ ==iOK@" HO_, x*O# _
q`_ K, x*O ^~~x =Y_# #~ L= ^qx T_Q\~.
1812 OÒ ^~^ #Q~Ox a\+ ~_hH KOk# ~
u~Q@ K~. POQ xHkHi "[~ Z_~ Q~<# `H |OkOz,
`= u~Q@# =x#h, ~ "`< ^qkQ Ke#h q
W=H` `x e"=x kiOK~. D O^~OQ x*=^, <O^_,
~h, ~~, i=O^, =^=~ O` _ u~Q@ ~KHH~.
P `~"` ~ qez }O H_# "[~ Q~< u~Q@
<O^s LiHOHOK_.
1838 <*O OîOz# =c <` =b q` Jb, bO
Jb =O =# a\+ =u~H =a L^=xH |"# c* _~.
x*O =OA_ =iA^ (Q~ Jb M<) a\+ "iH =u~HOQ ~rx
~@O ~OaOK~. 1839 POQ Jk`x tOz#O^ 1840
P## QO_ H@ |OkOK~. P H@ * 14 O=`~ Q_#
=iA^ 1854 H#=_. Q~ M< Ô` H~ #"|
QO ~ M< a\+~ q^ ~\xH #^~. P q+O è
H~ xH |Q kQ~. ~} `~"`, ~ M<# a\+~
|OkOz, H~ O<x =^ _h qb#O K~.
a\+ @ =u~HOQ L`~k |OQ g# u~Q@
208
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
=< ^H}kx _ Ju `~< `H~. POQ `<x OKx

HO^~ "i <uH ~x ^|fO^, "~O` }O i
K_xH _ O Qe JO# K~O \~. POQ JkH~`
O #\, '.. <*O O#Ox =O`, L#`kH~ `<# H`
==iOK"~. H ZO` iÒQ LO@<..q~ WH_ #O_ "o
O_...WH_ i` JO` Q =. q } = U~_=K... (
1857 `Q<@ u~Q@, _H~ =OHo~=, #=Q~u K~},
Q#Q~, 2001, r 17) Jx H\ JkH~# J^~Q>"~x a\+
xHkHi "[~ K.. aQ q=iOK_.
` HO^^, P<\ ~O =^ L# a\+~ xH =~O
1855 J`Ò J~Ok. P O=`~O "~O O_Q Pk"~O <_
=zOk. P~A# Z@=O\ T~yO [~~^x aQ_~ "HOr P^
*sK_. P OÒ "~O O_Q =`, H O_ [O`
H [~O\~. D O_Q ~A# "`` T~yO LO_@O [O.
D "`=~}xH J=HO HeOKO_, JkH~ L`~ *sK@O`
[ JQO H@`yOk. a\+ HO\O*O@ #Ox =~ QO
Mk~ P"O aQ_~ "HOrx Hu` _K_. D O^~OQ POQkHi
=HQ` |Ok JkHix HÔ@ [ H# xeK~. D O@# =`
JfÒQ =H"# SH`# Q=xOz# POQ JkH~ HO` =~
10 ~A @ `= Q$ ^\ |@ ~H ~.
1857 ^= Ò` OQ=O ~OO JH L`~k #O_
<< uxk ~OQ~= Q ^H<kH =K_. P# ^~^ =z
~A^ J# ^_ He_. << L`~xH uOk P#
HOîH Y ~ `# J#K~_ +H =^~ JOkOK_. P# `=
q^ q~ 25 " q@H# HiOz JOkOK_. ~OQ~= ^~^
i~Q=xH KOk# |O^ Jb > =^` eH_. D q+x Q\ #
a\+~ ~OQ~=# @<~. P# J~ H=@O` ~A^, `k`~
_ @|_~. ~A^, Qe~ =~A ~, u~Q@ <~
*~` `~KQ q=O QiOz L`~ ``~ [i_x qK~}
~A"Ok. <#O qK~} [iy#_ ~A^ K x~OQ
209
==iOK_. =`$qx ~~ xÒ #O_ q=HO K_O

HO KOÔQ D ~@O <#x H\ OK_. Ò =r=
H~Q~ tH qkOz, P# P# [ KOk. D qÔQ< H< M<,
Q M< J< ~ ^ a\+~ q^ ^_ [iO^ ~
<x `~ K<~x, D O^~OQ [iy# qK~} |~`"Ok.
1857 ^= Ò` ~@O ~OO HQ< ^~^x x*O
#"| _ ~ Q==`_x K# [ PtOK~. x*O
#"| `= Q\ #O_ `#@~` `= @O` *iQ^x qOz#
HOh JkH~
_, x*O `= ^~O HO_ `Q *Q` f<~.
( ' If the Nizam goes all goes ' - Highlights of the Freedom Movement in
Andhra Pradesh, Sarojini Regani, 1972, Page 7 ) [ PtOz#@Q x*O
^= Ò` =~O K~^. POQ <*O OÒ J@ `=

K` #OzQh, W@ x*O K`#O_Qh *i=@O W+O^. <*O
K*i#@~` `= =#Q_ =^=x Q\ # D WO_ HOh
L#`kH~ Z@=O\ kH~x _ OK<~. P H~}OQ
u~Q@# ~OQ J}z"O^ a\+ H=~O #^"Ok.
P "`=~}O ~OQ"O K# =b ^ J=n< ^~^
HOÔQ [iy# u~Q@ H~H HO^ aO^=~. u~Q@
H~H =b =~^~HÒ ==~=~. F ^ x*O #"|#
u~Q|_=x H~` #Q~O ~ "e~. D "~ #Q~O "_# XH
~ , ' The aid of the Almighty and his Prophet is present with Afzal-ud
Dowla Bahadur who should not fear and be apprehensive. If fearful he
should wear bangles and sit at home...If after reading this paper on hearing of it a representation is not made to the king(Nizam) or his Diwan, the
oath of the swine is on him and if in case of a Hindu the oath of a cow '.
(ibid page 7-8)
Jx ~<~. =b W|O <HÒ 1857 E< 10=

`k# u~Q@ K#<~. D "~ =b JH~ `y# K~O _
x~OK~. D K~O` xH =~x ^j x POQ JkH~#
HKH W~[OQ ==iOK@O ~OaOK~. [, ~
u~Q@ QiOz |~OQOQ =K\O KH=_O ~OaOK~. O`
210
~` ÒÒQ=O : =O ^ 1
^ #j~ J=^
qq^ qQ x u~Q@ ^` H `<~x <*O O#O

"~ Q=#Q~.
D "~` [ L`l` HQ~. =b J=n< O\
PK<~, ^ u~Q@ J=~"# PiH, JOQ, P^ |#
=~HQ~. E< 13= `k# Ki<~ ^Q~ Q =H =^ #=A
`~"` OQO QÒ_Q, W~=~ = z ÒÒQ=O QiOz
OyOK=x Hi, a\+ x =z "ix @<Q H#=~Q~.
K# H~O@# [ P ^ # `= KuH zHO_ H_ ` OK~.
<*O ~[^x u~Q@ "~` J`Ò J=Ò_Q, J@
B~OQ^ ^= JtHÔ, |<x =~H Ô u~Q@ Kx
"~ JO^~. D ~O_ ^ ^~^ KOk#q H=@O =#
u~Q@ "~ [OQ ^~^ LkH iuH H~}"Ok. B~OQ^
u~Q@ <# ["^~ Jg~ M<, ^^~ q~ ^Jb ^
Jbx @<~. q~ ^Jb LitH QiHQ, Jg~ M< ÒK<~.
|< u~Q@ <HÒ =Oz# ["^~ z^ M< `# 10 =Ok
J#K~` E< 24 <\H ^~^ K~<~. <*O Ò #O_
~H}
a O ^# =#` qK, ~ [OQ# H# z^M< P# J#K~ #
~ [OQ `# Qk< M^ K~OK_. P `~"` qK~} xqÒ a\+
~_hH JyOK_. D "~` [ $^ Q=<~. ~Ow#
KO=O@ #Q~Ox K@ ~ ^~#qK~. P ~ q^ ' Faith-
a\+ ~_hH H|~ K, D i}= =# _e# J=~O^h,

~H} J=~"# Jx K~ f#@ q#qOK<_.
=H =^ =^ ="x K^~Q>O^ ~ [OQ Z_~`
#<_, P K~` [ ~ye~. =b J=n< PQO =HO
K~. P# =+O ~kÔ@# ~@ =O =iO` ì`Qu#
~# OìOKOk. K~ =# kOKk Uq LO_^x +"# `~"`
^~@" z=i =~=x P# x~xHK~. D ~HOQ H=~#
Z^~"e =O^x =O^Q TOz# =b JO^ `y# U~@ Z_
Kx ÔQ L<~. P# P^ "~ JyQO_O << ^HO^,
Ò` OQ=O qÔ^ ÔQ L# =_ =O^ =Ok
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body was cremated by the British instead of being buried " , Encyclopaedia
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~` `O`OQ=O : =O ^ 1

INDIAN FREEDOM STRUGGLE: MUSLIM HEROES

Telugu title of this book is BHARATHASWATANTHRASANGRAMAM: MUSLIM YODHULU.

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