SEMPRAG

SPEECH ACT ANALYSIS

By: FEBI MEILINA YOLANDA NOFADHILLAH MUGHNI

K.2-2010 ENGLISH DEPARTMENT LANGUAGE AND ART FACULTY STATE UNIVERSITY OF PADANG 2012 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

To express themselves, people do not only produce utterance containing grammatical structures and words, they perform action via those utterance. Action performed via utterance called Spech Act and commonly given more specific laes, such as apology, complaint, compliment, invitation, promise or request. Both speakers and hearer are usually helped in this process by the circumtances surrounding the utterane. Utterance have two types: a) Conservative b) Performative Act can also be devided into two: a) Illocutionary b) Perlucotionary Illucotionary Force Indicating Device (IFID), in this part speakers do not always perform their speech acts so explicitly, but they sometimes describe the speech act being performed. Speech act have one general classification that list five types of general function performed by speech act: Declarative : change the world via their utterance Representative : state what the speaker believe to be the case or not Expressives: state what the speakers feels Directives : speakers use to get someone else to do something Commissives : speakers use to commit themselves to some future action

In this speech act, we also known two part of this. That are : direct and indirect speech act. In Direct speech act the meaning is more or less encoded in the literal meaning of the utterance. And in Indirect speech act the meaning that is relevant is the speech act meanign not single literal meaning. Speech event is an activity in which participants interact via language in some conventional way to arrive at some outcome. The usefulness of speech act analysis is in ilustrating the kind of things we can do with words and identifying some of the conventional utterance forms we use to perform specific actions. However, we do need to look at more

extended interaction to understand how those action are carried out and interpreted within speech events.