1

147.

9
2

: x - 1 + x - 1 = x 2 + 2 (1) -

: x 1 x2 1 0 (2)
:
(2)
x 1 0
x 1
x 1

x 1
: x 1 x 1 0
2
(x 1)(x 1) 0 x 1 x 1

x 1 0
2

. = 1.
= 1 (1) :

x 12 1 x 1 1 x2 2 x2 2x 1 x x2 2 2x x 1 2x 1 (3)
1
2 0 2 (3) : x

1
2

2
2 0 2 (3) :
0 x 2 1 0 x 3 .
10
, R , : x - 1 = 2x + 2 (1) x R
:
(1) : x 2x 2 x 2x 2 ( 2)x (1 ) (2)
(2), x R , :
2 = 0 (3) 1 0
(3) = 2 (4) :

(4)

21 2 0 1 2 0 2 1

1
2

148.

11

, : 1 = 2
1 2
.

:
= x. K , : 0 < x < 2. 2
1 K x 1 (1)
2

(K) () (K)
2

(K /)
(K )

: K K 3 x .

(3 x 2 x) 1 5 2 x
(2)

2
2
(1)
5 2x
5
2x 5 2x 4x 5 x .
E1 E 2 x 1
(2)
2
4
5
5
x 0 2 . K , .
4
4
: 2 x 2 : E 2

12
1/2 ,
20m 15m.
;
:
. E 20 15 300 m 2 (1)
x m.
:

E (2 20) 15 x 40 15 x m 2

(2)

1 (1)
1
E 4015 x 300 300 600 40x 300 150 40x 150
2 (2)
2
x 3,75 m
3,75 m ( : 15 - 3,75 = 11,25 m).
3,75m.
E E

149.

13
60%.
50ml
70%. ml .
:
x ml . 60%

60
x ml . 50 ml
100
(50 + x) ml. 70%

70
50 x ml .
100

60
70
50 x 0,6x 50 0,750 x
x 50
100
100

[ 10]

6 x 500 7 50 x 6 x 500 350 7 x 6 x 7 x 350 500 x 150 ml

14
, .
, 10 , 5 ,
20 . , .
:
x , x > 0.
1
10 , 1
.
10
1
1
,
. x ,
5
20
x x
x
,
.
10 5
20
x x x
:
+ = 1 (1). [ 1 ]
10 5 20
(1) 2 x 4 x-x 20 5 x 20 x 4 .
, 4 > 0.

150.

15
:
i) 2x 1 3

ii) 2x 1 4 0

iii) 2x 1 0

iv) 2x 1 3 0

2x 1 3 (1)

i) : 3 > 0, : 2 x 1 3
2x 1 -3 (2)

(1) 2x 1 3 2x 3 1 2x 2 x 1
(2) 2x 1 3 2x 3 1 2x 4 x 2
: x = 1, x = 2.
ii) 2x 1 4 0 2x 1 4. .
iii) 2 x 1 0 2 x 1 0 2 x 1 x

1
2

:
: |(x)| = ,
(x)
x :
(x) = (x) = -
> 0
(x) = 0 = 0
< 0

iv) 2 x 1 3 0 2 x 1 3 0 2 x 1 3 (i) 1 -2.

16
: i) x 2 2x 1

ii) 3 x 1 x 6 iii) x 1 2x 4 0

:
x 2 2x 1
i) : x 2 2 x 1
x 2 2x 1

(1) x 2 2x 1 x 2x 2 1 x 1 x 1
(2) x 2 2x 1 x 2x 2 1 3x 3 x 1
x = 1 x = -1.

:
|(x)| = |B(x)| :
(x), (x)
x, : (x) = (x)
A(x) = -B(x)
:
|A(x)| + |B(x)| = 0
x :
(x) = B(x) = 0.

151.

3 x 1 x 6
ii) 3 x 1 x 6 3 x 1 x 6
3 x 1 x 6
(3) 3 x 1 x 6 3x 3 x 6 3x x 3 6 2x 3 x

3
2

(4)

3
9
x =
2
4
iii) x 1 2x 4 0 x 1 0 2x 4 0
:
x 1 0 x 1 2x 4 0 2 x -4 x -2 .
x =

1 2 x
. .
17
:

x 1
3

1 x
2

2x 2

(1)

:
x 1 1 x (1) :
x 1
3

x 1

x 1

3
x -1
3

2x 2

x 1

2 x 1

x 1
2

x 1

x 1

x 1
3

2 x 1

x 1
2

(*)

2 x 1

6 2 x 1 2 x 1 3 x 1 12 x 1

7 x 1 0 x 1 0 x 1

(*) ... (3,2) = 6

152.

18
:

2
2
ii) x 2 x

i) x 3 2x 4

:
i) 1 :
:
2 x 4 0 2 x 4 x 2 :
x 3 2x 4 x 3 2x 4 (1) x 3 (2x 4) (2)

(1) x 3 2x 4 x 2x 3 4 x 1 x 1
x 2

1 2

(2) x 3 4 2x x 2x 4 3 3x 7 x

7
3

2
3

2 x 4 0 x 2 .
x 2

x =

7
.
3

A(x) = B(x) ,

(x), B(x) x,
:
(x).

,
(x).

2 :
x
x 0 0. :
x3=0x=3
x30x3x30x3
x - 3

:
1
x 3 x - 3 x - 3 , :
x 3 2x 4 x 2x 3 4 x 1 x 1

x 3

1 3

153.

2
x < 3 x 3 x 3 3 x
: 3 x 2x 4 x 2x 3 4 3x 7 x

7
.
3

3 3

2
ii) x 0 . :
x 3,

x 2 2 x 2
-2 = 0,
x2 2 x2 2

2
2x 2 2 x 2 1 x 1 x = - 1
x 2 x

19
:

) x 1 2 3

) x x 4 3 x

:
)

x 1 2 3 x 1 2 3 (1)

x1 2 3

(2)

(1) x1 2 3 x1 1 x1 1 x - 1 -1 x 2 x = 0
(2) x1 2 3 x1 5 .
) : x x x x 0 :

x x 43 x x x 43 x 4 x = 4 + x

:
A x 0 x x (3) :
4
4

4x 4 x 3x 4 x 0
3
3

A x 0 x x (3) :
4
4

4x 4 x 5x 4 x

0
5
5

(3)

154.

20
: 3 x 2 x 1 2 x 0 (1)
:
1
:
x 2 0 x 2
2

x
x 1 0 x 1
x 0
:
: x
( 9),
.

x ( ).

(
).

:

1 :
.

x < -2 : x x,

x 1 x 1,

x 2 x 2

(1) : 3 x 2 x 1 2 x 0 3x 6 x 1 2x 0

4x 5 x

5
5

- 2
4
4

2 :
2 x 1 : x x , x 1 x 1, x 2 x 2 (1) :
3 x 2 x 1 2 x 0 3x 6 x 1 2x 0
2x 7 x

7
2

3 :
-1 x < 0

2
2

x -x,

x 1 x 1,

x 2 x 2 (1) :

3x 2 x 1 2 x 0 3x 6 x 1 2x 0 0 x 5

4 :
x 0

x x,

x 1 x 1,

x 2 x 2 (1) :

155.

3 x 2 x 1 2x 0 3x 6 x 1 2x 0
5
5

0
4
4

R.
4x 5 x

21 ( - )
.
.
i) : x 2002 1 .
3
ii) : x 2 1 .

:
i)
x 2002 0 x R

x 23 1 x 23 1 x 1 23

ii)
x 23 0

x 23 x 2 3 .

:
3

x R .
3

x 2 1 x 2 1 x 1 2
x 7

x R .

x 7

x 0

x 0

156.

250 ..
. ,
.
.
.
.
, ,
( ) . ! ,
, .
,
;
:
x .
1
x
x

.
6
6
12
x
5 .
7
x

4 .
2
.

x x x
x
5 4
6 12 7
2
... (6, 12, 7, 2) = 84
x

(1)

x
x
x
x
+ 84
+ 84 + 845 + 84 + 484
6
12
7
2
84x = 14x + 7x +12x + 420 + 42x + 336
84x 14x 7x 12x 42x = 420 + 336

(1) 84x = 84

756
x = 84
9
84 .
9x = 756 x

157.

-
1.

() (),
.
2x - 1 x - 1
=
i)
x = 1
( )
x +1 x2 -1
ii) x 5 0 , = 0
1
iii) x 1 4 3x - 1 30
3
3
iv) H x = 3 x

2
v) 1x 1 ,

1 x 2

( )
( )

( )

vi) H 2 x = 2 4 2 .

2.

( )

( )

,
.
i) x = 1 :
. 0
. R
. = 0
ii) (2 -9)x = 2 + 3 , x -3x :
.
.
.
. .
iii) y - 1 = 0
. 1

2x 1
3 , x :
y y 2

. 4

. 0

. .

iv) 1x 2 x 2 x 1 ,
:
. = 1
. = -1
. = 0
. .
v) 4
2

, .
11
3
. 1
. -10
. 10
. - 2

158.

vi) x 2.000 6%
8%. 130 ,
;
.

6
8
x + 2 - x
= 0,13
100
100

6
8
x + 2 - x
= 130
100
100
x .
.

3.

6
8
x + x - 2
= 0,13
100
100

6
8
x + x + 2
= 130
100
100

.
.
()

( )

i) 6x = 6

ii) (x + 1)(x2 + 1) = 0

) 100

iii) ( - 1)x = - 1, = 1

) 99

x 1
x
x 1 x 2

99 100 101 102

x
x
+
=1
v)
x +1 x -1
iv)

) - 1
)
) 1

4.

: i) x 1 2x 1 x 3 0 ii) (x + 1)2(x - 3) = (x2 - 9)(x + 1)

5.

: i) 2x 1 x 1 x ii) x 2 x 2 - 4

6.

2
:i) x 2 4x 3 0 ii) x 5x 6 0

7.

: x 2 5x 6 x 2 x 2 0

8.

9.

: 0,5 x + 1 - 0,2 x + 1 =

10.

x + 1 2 x - 1
+
= x +1
4
3
2

x +1 x +1 x-1
=
x - 2 x + 2 x2 - 4

1 2
x 0,1
10

159.

1
=1
x
x1-x

11.

12.

:
i) 2x 2

ii) 2 (x - 1) = x(2 - 1) - 3 + 2

iii) 2 x - 1 x

13.

x- x-

20

14.

x
x
1
1
- 10 8 = 10 - 10
10

15.

i) : x - 13 3 2x 3 x 23 0 (1)
ii) (1) : x = + 1 + x 2

16.

2 x - 1 x2 1 ,

0
0

2 x 1 x 1 .

17.

:
2x - 1 cm 4x - 7 cm . :
i) H
ii) .

18.

M Ferrari 4 ,
70km/h Ferrari
8 .
i)
ii) ;

19.

T , , ,

: 1/2
, 5/4 , 46. .

20.

200 ml 18%.
ml ,
10%;

160.

21.

22.

:
i) x 2

ii) x 1 -1

iii) 2x 1 1

iv) x 4 0

v) 3x 2 7

vi) 3x 2 0

:
i)

23.

24.

5 1x
2

ii) 3-2 x + 1+ x =0

:
i) x 2 2x 4 0

ii) x 3 x 2 3x 0

iii) x 1 x 2 0

iv) 2 x 1 1 3

N :
i) x 1 x 3
iii)

25.

iv) x x2 2x 1

iii) x 7 3

ii) x 2 2x 3 0

x3
1
x2

iv) 2 x x 3 x x 5x 1

O :
i)
iii)

2x 1
2
x2
2

x 1
4

x 2

4 2x
3

ii)

x 1 2
3

1 x
4

x 1 3
4