*

Humanities bring enlightenment, enjoyment and

stimulation in searching individual identity; the act of discovery is in itself a reward of accomplishment. Art, music and literature can elevate mans feeling and action to positive forces in the world increasing awareness of its failure. Arts provide enjoyment and stimulation, especially when you understand them.

1. THE NATURE OF HUMANITIES The word humanities can have

different meanings; the definition of humanities has changed over time. TIMELINE OF STUDYING HUMANITIES a. In the Middle Ages (The period of history between classical antiquity and the Italian Renaissance), humanities was used to distinguish between areas of study that pertained to human, vis--vis (counterpart ) those that pertained to God.

b. In the West (The countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America) , the study of humanities can be traced to ancient Greece as the basis of a broad education for citizens.

HOMER - Ancient Greek epic poet who is believed to have written the Iliad and the Odyssey (circa 850 BC)

c. During Roman times (The time period during which Rome dominated Europe), the concept of seven liberal arts evolved, involving grammar, rhetoric and logic (the trivium) along with arithmetic, geometry, astronomy and music (quadrivium).

d. During the Renaissance, there is a major change. Humanities began to be regarded and to be studied rather than practiced (e.g humanities became an integral part of the curriculum), with a corresponding change away from the traditional fields into areas such as literature and history.

Renaissance - The period of European history at the close of the Middle Ages and the rise of the modern world; a cultural rebirth from the 14th through the middle of the 17th centuries.

e. In the 20th Century, this view was in turn challenged by the postmodernist movement, which sought to redefine humanities in more egalitarian (Favoring social equality) terms suitable for a democratic society.

f. HUMANITIES IN THE DIGITAL AGE * Language and literature are considered to

be the central topics in humanities during Digital age. This is because of the advent modern technology and internet as it speeds up communication but may threaten deferred forms of communication such as literature and dumb-down language. Maybe time comes the traditional of arts will be completely abandoned. check: The library is also changing rapidly as bookshelves are replaced by computer terminals.

* Reality

Meaning of Humanities

* - Humanities emphasize its connection with man. * -The word humanitiesis from Latin term humanus
referring to man.

* -It deals with the branches of study pertaining to cultural

achievements of man.

* A field of science that is concerned with human relations, the

study of mans nature, his or her culture, the evolution of his or her thinking and ideas, aspirations and ideals.

According to Protagoras, a Greek philosopher he said that man is the measure of all things, because the appreciation of arts can be strengthened because the artists convey their thoughts, beliefs, values and feelings through the visual, auditory, literary and performing arts.

* Hard or objective sciences: Example: Math and Chemistry

* Soft or subjective sciences: Example: art and philosophy

Is art and nature different?

ART AND NATURE ARE FUNDAMENTALLY DIFFIRENT.

*Art is man-made while nature is not. What is common to

them is beauty (Sanchez, Costudiosa, E. et. al.) An example of nature which is not an art such as the perfect cone of Mayon Volcano, the awesome beauty of Pagsanjan Falls or the sunset of Manila Bay.

In a drawing from the 1300s the constellation Virgo

Angel Falls in Venezuela

Importance of studying humanities

* Numerous scientists and businessmen pointed out that a

student may achieve a high degree of technical knowledge and specialized skill but still lack of understanding and appreciation of the world he or she lives in.

Four specific reasons on the importance of studying humanities: 1. The study of humanities provides man a thorough knowledge of his or her history and cultural tradition. 2. The study of humanities also helps man to acquire the values and wisdom that are essential for human survival and progress.

3. The study of humanities helps man develop critical thinking. 4. Humanities, like similar fields of study, can help promote mans intellectual, social, moral and aesthetic development.

True or False: *1. The trivium includes: grammar, geometry and ethics. *2. Humanities was regarded as a theoretical subject rather than a practical subject during the Renaissance. *3. The word Humanites is from a Latin term. *4. Humanities is generally defined as the study of human nature. *5. Humanism is a philosophy that stresses mans perfectibility.

* 6. Protagoras is the founder of humanism. * 7. The study of humanities develops mans critical thinking. * 8. Postmodernism redefined humanities for democratic
society.

* 9. Traditionally, Algebra belongs to humanities. * 10. Humanities is a science.

CHAPTER 2 THE NATURE OF ART The term ART does not have a universal meaning. It is just defined by history and historical processes and the meaning of art varies from one culture to another.

* It is derived from the Latin word ars which means the

ability or skill.

* It covers the areas of artistic creativity that seek to

communicate beauty primarily through the senses.

* In more specialized sense, art applies to such activities that

express aesthetic ideas by the use of skill and imagination in the creation of object, environment and experiences, which can be shared with others.

*According

to Beardsly, in his book The Creative Art pointed an art is something produced with the intention of giving it, the capacity to satisfy the aesthetic (visual) interest. Aubrey Vincent Beardsley , born August 21, 1872, Brighton, Sussex, England, died March 16, 1898, Menton, France the leading English illustrator of the 1890s.

*in full

* He coined the term Beardsleyan which means a combination

of desire and belief.
A. Desire desiring to produce such a work B. Belief Believing that one can produce

Is artisan and artist different?

Artisan/Craftsman - The one who is skillful in manipulating (controlling and exploiting the surface, structure, structure and form his or her materials become a master of materials. *Therefore, the one who has a skill in an applied art. *By contrast, makers of crafts have gender-specific labels craftsman and craftswoman but though craftsperson is the natural neutral term, many such practitioners prefer to be called artisans. (The Latin ancestor of this term is artire, which means to instruct in the arts.) *An artisan is a skilled manual worker who crafts items that may be functional or strictly decorative, including furniture, clothing, jewelry, household items, and tools *A worker in a skilled trade, esp. one that involves making things by hand.

Artist

*Someone who makes paintings, drawings, or other

artwork *A person whose creative work shows sensitivity and imagination *An artist is a person engaged in one or more of any of a broad spectrum of activities related to creating art, practicing the arts, and/or demonstrating an art. * The word for the creator of art is the gender-neutral term artist. (The French form of the word, artiste, came to apply more broadly to creative professionals, especially performers, though it also has a pejorative sense of pretentious artist.) By extension, one talented in any endeavor even a con artist may earn the term.

Generalization: Artisan and Artist The precise distinctions (differences) not in quality or artistic achievement but in function

* According to Leo Tolstoy (1896), ( in full Count Lev

Nikolayevich Tolstoy was a Russian writer who primarily wrote novels and short stories) he pointed out that an artist aims to communicate and /or to organize visually.

What is art and work of art?

1. 2. 3. 4.

Arts comes from Latin term ars which means the skill and ability. Arts express aesthetic ideas by the use of skill and imagination Work of art A record of a particular artists view

Work of art A product of the artists unique personality influenced by his or her environment, traditions, national traits, religious believes, economic conditions, ideals (excellence).

5. Work of art Represents or reflects the individual, the character of the period and the place where it was produced.

6.Arts is used to describe the fine arts such as painting, sculpture, architecture, literature, dance, music and film (Webster International Encyclopedia)
7. Visual arts are the arts that we perceive through our eyes and it includes painting, architecture and sculpture as well as clothes and household appliances.

The importance of Art

1. The arts constitute one of the oldest and most important means of expression developed by human being. Universally, it is the language expressing mans feeling.

2. It concerns itself with the communication of certain ideas and feelings by means of sensuous medium like color, words, film, and other media.

The Value of Art

*The value of art depends on how we perceive it.

Sunflower is a series of still life paintings by the Dutch painter Vincent van Gogh

Studying the value of art is the center of argument of different scholars like Dan Cooper, a three-time Emmy Award winner, art director and founder of 4 LLC, a New York new media software development company, he argues that the art materials themselves arent worth much but dont forget the frame, the artists The current record price was paid for The Card Players overhead and gallery (1890-1895) by Paul Czanne, which was sold for commission. more than $250 million in 2011.
a French artist and PostImpressionist painter

Famous artists who contribute on studying the value of art

1. Picasso (Pablo Ruiz y Picasso ) Spanish expatriate painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist, and stage designer, one of the greatest and most influential artists of the 20th century and the creator (with Georges Braque) of Cubism.

* Guernica

is a painting by Pablo Picasso. It was created in response to the bombing of Guernica, a Basque Country village in northern Spain by German and Italian warplanes at the behest of the Spanish Nationalist forces, on 26 April 1937, during the Spanish Civil War.

2. Van Gogh (Vincent Willem van Gogh ) - Dutch Postimpressionist painter noted for his use of color (1853-1890)

Wheat Field with Cypresses, 1889, National Gallery, London.

SELF-PORTRAITS BY VINCENT VAN GOGH

Commercial value Art as an object for sale depends on the value of a painting or any art form and is determined by supply and demand. Like for example for example the work Vincent Willem van Gogh was purchased by a huge Japanese corporation and paid at least 6 million dollar for his famous painting.

* Aesthetic

value of an artwork The Aesthetic value of an artwork is different from its commodity value because art communicates on levels from the superficial to the profound. It is realized by spending your time, not your money.
and proportion, has traditionally been considered the highest value in art. Though, the form of beauty changes over time but again, it is in the eye of the beholder.

* The beauty of art such as harmony of form and color, rhythm

Cooper pointed different artistic value of art:

1.

It is not the canvass, the hue, the oil, the tempera but the contribution of the arts to our life; its suggestions to our sensations, feelings and imaginations make it valuable. Art serves as valuable source of inspiration because we get some glimpse of thoughts, feelings and beliefs of people in their time. Arts may influence to change our life.

2.

3.

The Divisions of Art

Two groups:
1. Commercial art The objective of the art in the commercial art is to please, satisfy and sell the intended buyers for his or her production of an artwork. He should possess excellent craftsmanship and adjust his or her designs according to the requirements and caprices of a particular clients or customer. Example: Fashion designer, industrial designers and graphic artists.

A product of graphic artist for animation

2. Art for arts sake It aims for personal expression and satisfaction of the creator or of the artist. He creates works or arts for the love of it and follows no one but himself, not influenced by client but buyers patronize his works because they like the artworks and not because they dictate the artist to do the work for them. Simply, art for arts sake is a theory which states that art exist only for itself.

Two- versus three-dimensional items

Two dimensional have length and width. That is, they lie in a plane and do not occupy space. Examples are circles, squares, triangles, parallelograms, and various polygons. Those objects don't have volume but have area.
Three-dimensional objects are called solids and have three dimensions: length, width, and depth (or height). They occupy space and have volume. Examples are spheres, cubes, cones, and cylinders, to name a few.

THE THREE LANGUAGES OF THE ART

1.

Primary language: A language of art that is built into us as a part of our human heritage.

According to Herbert Read, an English anarchist, poet, and critic of literature and art he said that the primary language of the art consists of the cultivation of the arts in an education of the sensibilities.

2. Second language: It is made up of the conventions, the traditions and styles, which have accumulated over the ages. The greater the number of works of art we come to know intimately, the larger our vocabulary of these conventions.

3. Third language. It deals with the ability to talk about the arts meaningfully and expressively.

ART AND EXPERIENCE

Is art demand experience?

* All art involves experience, that there can be no appreciation

of without experience.

* By experience, means the actual doing of something. The first

and least demand of art is experience.

ART AND NATURE

*Art and nature are fundamentally different. Art

is not nature but man-made, no matter how much it resembles nature. What they have in common is beauty, the beauty of art and the beauty of nature. All the things that we see are not only a product of art but a product of nature or by Gods creation.

FACTOR AFFECTING THE WORK OF THE ARTIST AND ARTISAN

1. Style: An art is characterizing the style of a period, perhaps the result of a certain community of feeling in the leading spirits of an age.

Created last April 1521 in Santo Nio, Cebu City

2. Historical factors: Most artistic creations of any period have certain traits in common. When an artists search for new perceptions, he is tied to the world around him.

3. Geographical factors: An artist/artisan is conditioned by their locality and nationality.

Rey Mujahdhid Ponce Millan or known as Kublai Millan, a famous art photographer, painter, digital artist and performance artist

DURIAN MONUMENT Davao International Airport

4. Political, psychological and sociological factors: Political systems and social patterns contribute to change in style.

5. Ideational factors: Spiritual movements such as Christianity, the counter reformation and humanism brought striking changes in social and political structures and so they also directly influence changes in art styles.

6.Technical factors: It means the availability of materials, for it will affect the kind of art being produced.

Tom Wright is a British architect. His most notable design is the Burj Al Arab in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

CHAPTER 3 THE FUNCTIONS OF THE ARTS

FOUR CATEGORIES ON THE FUNCTION OF ARTS

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Contextual Physical

Social
Personal Socio-Cultural functions of art

1.

Contextual Functions of Art

* No piece of art can be assigned a function, either in

essay form or in a casual conversation, if it isnt considered within the context.

* Trying to classify functions depend on context.

2. Physical Function of Art

* Works of art that are created to perform some services have

physical functions.

* For example, a Japanese raku bowl is an art that performs a

physical function in the tea ceremony.
that have physical functions.

* Architecture or any industrial designs are examples of art

3. Social Functions of Art

* Art has social functions when it addresses aspects of

collective life, as opposed to one persons point of view or experience.

* Art that depicts social conditions performs social functions.

4. Personal Functions of Art

* This is the most difficult to explain in any great detail. Art

can used to create chaos and a therapeutic for both the artist and the viewer.

* We adored ourselves in order to be attractive enough.

5. Socio-cultural Functions of Art

* Works of art are significant players in the evolution of

culture because it contributes in cultural continuity and through innovations in forms and techniques, to cultural change.

How does art fulfill Personal and psychological needs?

* For the artist, creating art is a vehicle for making inner

thoughts and feelings visible.

* Personally, the art of dressing satisfies ones personal

needs.

* Psychologically, According to Robert Desjarlais, in his book

The Aesthetics of Illness and Healing in the Nepal Himalayas, he revealed that art has a therapeutic value.