EXPERIMENT

Aim :To determine the strength of a given unknown HCL solution by titrating it against NAOH solution using conductometric analysis.

Apparatus/Reagent Required:Kohlruish bridge or Conductivity meter, Conductivity cell , burette , pipette , unknown HCL solution , oxalic acid , phenopthalein .

Theory:Conductimitric measurement are employed to find end points of acid alkali and other type of titration before NaOH solution is added HCL

solution , the later has a high conductance due to highly mobile H+ ion. As NaOH is added slowly , the H+ are replaced by Na+ ions and since they are less mobile, so conductance of solution goes on decreasing there is formation of feebly ionized water molecule and represented as:[H+ + Cl-] + [Na+ + OH-] -> [Na+ + Cl-] + H2o When the acid has been nuetralised at the end point any subsequent addition of the alkali will increases conductance due to mobility of Na+ ions and fast moving OH- ions if we plot a graph between conductance of solution and volume of NaOH added we find that intersection of two lines will give you three end points.

Procedure:1. Prepare NaOH solution and standardize it by using N/20 oxalic acid with phenopthaline with an indicator. 2. Pipette out of 20ml of unknown HCL solution in a clean beaker. 3. Dip the conductivity cell in a solution of HCL some conductivity water must be added to dilute the acid solution till the electrode are completely dipped in acidic solution. 4. Initial conductance of HCL solution is noted. 5. Add nearly 0.5ml HCL solution from burette into beaker containing HCL solution. 6. Shake the solution and note the conductance.

7. Repeat the step 5&6 continusly till the equivalence point is added. 8. Note the conductance against the volume of NaOH added in the observation table. Observation:Volume of NaOH 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 conductance

Calculation:The strength of given HCL solution can be calculated as follows: N1V1 = N2V2

Result:The strength of given solution = gm/lit Precautions:1. The conductivity of cell be completely dipped in a given solution. 2. All the solution must be prepared on conductivity water only.

3. NaOH should be added drop by drop from burette.