Additional Calculus Problems 2 (Integration And Applications)

Solutions
1 (a) du
u
dx
u
x
x
u
2
1 1 1
= = = ; when , 1 = x ; 1 = u ,
2
1
= x 2 = u
Hence,
( )
( ) du
u
u u
u dx
x x x

|

\
|

(
(
(
(

+ +
=
+ +
1
2
2
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
2 5
1
1 2 5
1
( ) du
u u
u
(

+ +
=
2
1
2
2 5
1



=
+ +

+ +
+
=
+ +
+
=
2
1
2
1
2 2
2
1
2
2 5
1
2 5
2 2
2
1
2 5
1 ) 2 2 (
2
1
du
u u
du
u u
u
du
u u
u

| | du
u
u u

+ +
+ + =
2
1
2 2
2
1
2
2 ) 1 (
1
2 5 ln
2
1

| |
2
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
tan
2
1
2 5 ln
2
1
(

\
| +
+ + =

u
u u

(

\
|
=

4 2
3
tan
2
1
) 8 ln 13 (ln
2
1
1



(

+ |

\
|
|

\
|
=

4 2
3
tan
8
13
ln
2
1
1

(shown)
(b) ( ) x e x
x
sin
cos

dx

= x xsin

+ dx e x dx
x cos
) sin (

+ = x x x cos ) cos ( dx
x
e
cos
+


C e x x x
x
+ + + =
cos
sin cos

(shown)

2 (a) Since
( )
0
1
60
2
2
<

=
t
t
dx
dy
for , 1 > t the curve Cwhen plotted in the Cartesian plane will be
strictly decreasing.
Area ( )
( )

(
(

= = =
2
4
2
2
2
4
10
2 1
60
1 dt
t
t
t dt
dt
dy
x xdy ( when , 10 = y ; 2 = t , 2 = y ) 4 = t

( )
| |
dt
t t
t
dt
t t
t t
dt
t
t t

+
=
+

=

=
4
2
2
4
2
2
4
2
2
2
) 1 ( ) 1 (
60
) 1 )( 1 (
) 1 (
60
1
) 1 (
60
dt
t t t
dt
t t t 1
15
) 1 (
30
1
15
1
4
1
) 1 (
2
1
1
4
1
60
4
2
2
4
2
2

+
+
+
+

+
+
+
+

=



4
2
| 1 | ln 15
1
1
30 | 1 | ln 15
(

+ |

\
|
+
+ = t
t
t
( ) ( )
|

\
|
+ = + =
5
9
ln 15 4 10 3 ln 15 3 ln 15 6 5 ln 15 sq units (shown)
(b) When the two parabolas cut at point A, , 1 2 ) 2 (
2 2
= = x x x 1 = y
When 2 ) 2 (
2
= y x cuts the y-axis at point B , , 0 = x 2 2 = y
Volume formed ( ) | | dy y ydy
2
1
2 2
2
1
0
2 2


=
099 . 1 1503 . 0 5 . 0 = = cubic units (shown)

3. ( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2
2
2
2
2
2 2
ln
ln 2
ln
ln
2
ln ln ln ln
x x
x
x x
x
x
x
x
x x
dx
d
x
dx
d
x
+
=
+ |

\
|
= = (shown)
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( )
C dx
x x
x
x x x dx
x x
x
x
x x x x
+
+
=
+
2
2
2 2 2
2
2
2
ln
ln 2
ln ln ln ln ln ln
ln
ln 2
ln ln


( )
( )
( )
=
+

dx
x x
x
x
x
2
2
2
ln
ln 2
ln ln 2 ( ) ( ) ( ) | | C x C x x
x x x
+ = +
2
2 2 2
ln ln ln ln ln ln
( )
( )
( )
=
+

dx
x x
x
x
x
2
2
2
ln
ln 2
ln ln ( ) | | D x
x
+
2
2
ln ln
2
1
where C D
2
1
= (shown)
[ Alternatively, it can be recognised that ( )
( )
( )
dx
x x
x
x
x

+
2
2
2
ln
ln 2
ln ln is of the form dx x f x f

1
)] ( ' )[ ( ,
whereby solving the integral gives
| |
= + D
x f
2
) (
2
( ) | | D x
x
+
2
2
ln ln
2
1
]

4.
2
sec tan = = dx x
When , 1 = x ;
4

= , 0 = x 0 =

( )

2
4
0
2
2
2 1
0
2 2
2
sec
tan 1
tan
) 1 (

+
=
+
dx
x
x
d

2
4
0
4
2
sec
sec
tan

= d

=
4
0
2
2
sec
tan

=
4
0
2 2
cos tan

d
=

4
0
2
sin

d
2
1
=


4
0
2 cos 1

d

4
1
8
2 sin
2
1
2
1
4
0
=
(

=



(shown)
y

2
1

2
1 x
x
y
+
=
R
0 1 x


Volume generated dx y
2
1
0
2
2
1
) 1 (
2
1

\
|
|

\
|
=
dx y y

+ =
1
0
2
4
1
4

( )

+

+
+ =
1
0
2
2
2 1
0
1
0
2
1
1 4
1
4
dx
x
x
dx
x
x
dx

| |
|

\
|
+ + =
4
1
8
1 ln
2 4 4
1
0
2

x

4 8
2 ln
2
2

+ = cubic units where 4 = a and 2 = b (shown)

5(a)
( )
dx
x x
dx
x x
x
dx
x x
x
dx
x x
x


+


=

+
=

2 2 2 2
4 2
9
4 2
2 4
4 2
9 2 4
4 2
2 5

( )( ) dx
x
dx x x x

+
+ =

2
2
1
2
) 2 ( 6
1
9 4 2 2 4
C
x
x x +
|
|

\
| +
+ =

6
2
sin 9 4 2 2
1 2
(shown)
(b) ( )( ) | | ( ) | | dx e x e e N dx x e e x dx e x
N
x
N
x N
N
x
N
x
N
x


+ + = + =
0
0
2
0
0
2
0
2
2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2
| | 2 2 2 2 2
2
0
2
+ = + =
N N N
N
x N N
e Ne e N e Ne e N (shown)
When , n 0
N
e
Hence, 2 lim
0
2
=

N
x
N
dx e x (shown)
(c) dx du x u = + = 4 When , 5 = x ; 9 = u , 0 = x ; 4 = u , 4 = x 0 = u

+
5
4
4 | | x x dx =

+
5
0
4 x x dx

+
0
4
4 x x dx
( ) ( )

=
4
0
9
4
) 4 ( ) 4 ( du u u du u u

=
9
4
2
1
2
3
4u u du


4
0
2
1
2
3
4u u du
=
(

=
4
0
2
3
2
5
9
4
2
3
2
5
3
8
5
2
3
8
5
2
u u u u
15
634
(shown)
6. mx e
x
cos
2
0

| |

+ =

2
0
2
0
sin cos mx e m mx e dx
x x
dx
| |

+ =

2
0
2
2
0
2
cos sin 1 mx e m mx e m e
x x
dx

2
0
2 2
cos 1 mx e m e
x
dx
mx e m
x
cos ) 1 (
2
0
2

+

dx = 1
2
e mx e
x
cos
2
0

dx ( ) 1
1
1
2
2

+

e
m
(shown)
B A
B A B A B A B A
B A B A cos cos 2
2
cos
2
cos 2 ) cos( ) cos( =
(

+ +
(

+ +
= + +
x x e
x
6 cos cos
2
0

dx
2
1
= ( )dx x x e
x
5 cos 7 cos
2
0
+

x e
x
7 cos
2
1
2
0

=

dx x e
x
5 cos
2
1
2
0

+

dx
( ) ( ) 1
1 5
1
2
1
1
1 7
1
2
1
2
2
2
2
|

\
|
+
+ |

\
|
+
=

e e
( ) ( ) ( ) 1
650
19
1
52
1
1
100
1
2 2 2
= + =

e e e (shown)
y
7.
16


1
-9 7 x
1 = x (line of symmetry)
Area ( )( )

= = = =
2
1
2 4 2
2
1
2
1
2
7
0
12 15 3 4 5 dt t t dt t t dt
dt
dx
y ydx
| | = =
2
1
3 5
4 3 t t 65 sq units (shown)