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    Virus Structure and Method of Invasion

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    lemuel_que
    Viruses are obligate parasites that are much smaller than bacteria and are not living cells. They contain either DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat and use the biochemical machinery of the host cell to replicate. Viruses can bind to and enter host cells, then take control of the cell's machinery to produce copies of viral components and burst or bud from the cell to infect new hosts. Retroviruses contain RNA and use reverse transcriptase to produce DNA from their RNA for replication inside host cells.

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    Virus Structure and Method of Invasion

    Uploaded by

    lemuel_que
    5 views9 pages
    Viruses are obligate parasites that are much smaller than bacteria and are not living cells. They contain either DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat and use the biochemical machinery of the host cell to replicate. Viruses can bind to and enter host cells, then take control of the cell's machinery to produce copies of viral components and burst or bud from the cell to infect new hosts. Retroviruses contain RNA and use reverse transcriptase to produce DNA from their RNA for replication inside host cells.

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    Virus and its replication

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    Viruses are obligate parasites that are much smaller than bacteria and are not living cells. They contain either DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat and use the biochemical machinery of the host cell to replicate. Viruses can bind to and enter host cells, then take control of the cell's machinery to produce copies of viral components and burst or bud from the cell to infect new hosts. Retroviruses contain RNA and use reverse transcriptase to produce DNA from their RNA for replication inside host cells.

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    5 views9 pages

    Virus Structure and Method of Invasion

    Uploaded by

    lemuel_que
    Viruses are obligate parasites that are much smaller than bacteria and are not living cells. They contain either DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat and use the biochemical machinery of the host cell to replicate. Viruses can bind to and enter host cells, then take control of the cell's machinery to produce copies of viral components and burst or bud from the cell to infect new hosts. Retroviruses contain RNA and use reverse transcriptase to produce DNA from their RNA for replication inside host cells.

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    Virus Structure and Method of Invasion

    Higher Biology

    Introduction to viruses
    Obligate parasites Specific to type of cells they target -poliomylelitis virus attacks nerve cells -hepatitis virus attacks liver cells Reproduction is their only true characteristic of being alive Much smaller than bacteria (20-300nm)

    Viral Structure
    Not a cell! DNA or RNA (retrovirus) Surrounded by protective protein coat (capsid) Genetic material carries information for multiplication Hijacks biochemical machinery of host cell to carry these processes out

    Bacteriophage

    Invasion of a cell by a virus


    Virus can lie dormant for many years until it comes into contact with a suitable host cell Binds with molecules on surface of host cell Herpes -whole virus enters cell

    Bacteriophage -viral DNA injected via hollow tail

    Alteration of Cell Instruction


    Virus takes control of cell machinery Depends on host for -ATP -supply of free nucleotides Virus suppresses cells normal nucleic acid replication and protein synthesis Manufactures many identical copies of viral nucleic acid and protein coats

    New viral particles become assembled and become released by:

    1. Lysis -viral nucleic acid used to synthesise lysis enzymes -bursting of host cell to release viral particles OR 2. Buds contaning virus are formed

    Retrovirus
    Contains RNA No DNA to transcribe into mRNA Reverse transcriptase injected into cell by virus with RNA -enzyme reverses normal transcription -Produces viral DNA from RNA -Virus uses DNA to replicate

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