Ronan Bottoms Per.3 March 1, 2013 Annotated Works Cited Primary Gilbert, James Stanley. Panama Patchwork.

New York: Cristobal and Colon, 1920. Print. This primary source poem book, found online, provided helpful information on what it was like to have yellow fever and live the Canal Zone. It is a reliable resource because it was published right after the Panama Canal was built. The author worked on the Panama Canal and after it was finished, published poems about it. Goethals, George C. "The Panama Canal." 1909. Building the Panama Canal: Chronicles from National Geographic. New York: Chelsea House, 1999. 19-42. Print. This primary National Geographic entry gave interesting information on what it was like building and living in the Panama Canal/Canal Zone. What it pointed out is that living in the Canal Zone is very hard because you are prone to getting deadly diseases. Something that was explained in this source is that having yellow fever is not only painful for the person who has it, but for the whole family as well because the family had to suffer the crying and wailing of the yellow fever infected family member. Goethals, George W. "The Panama Canal." 1911. Building the Panama Canal: Chronicles from National Geographic. New York: Chelsea House, 1999. 43-97. Print. This primary National Geographic entry gave key facts about digging the Canal with the machinery

necessary. It is a reliable source because it was written by the U.S. government and the chief engineer of the Panama Canal. Gorgas, William Crawford. Sanitation in Panama. New York: Appleton, 1915. Print. This primary book, which was found online as an e-book, gives information on the sanitation in the Panama Canal. Its a reliable source because it was written by the Dr. Gorgas, who was the chief sanitary officer of the Panama Canal and the man responsible for the mosquito eradication efforts. It provided firsthand information of the cleaning of the Panama Canal. "Panama made Safe, Says Col. Gorgas." New York Times. 13 Jun 1907. ProQuest Historical Newspapers: The New York Times (1851-2009). Web. 25 Feb. 2013. This primary source newspaper article, which was found on Proquest, provided quotes from Dr. Gorgas for the final presentation. Roosevelt, Theodore. "Message to Congress After Returning from the Canal Zone in Panama," WGBH American Experience. PBS. 30 Nov. 2012. Web. This primary source letter, found on the internet, gave information about the Presidents visit to Panama to inspect the canals hospitals. Theodore Roosevelt said to Congress that the hospitals were excellent and Dr. Gorgas was doing an amazing job. Keller, Ulrich. The Building of the Panama Canal in Historic Photographs. New York: Dover Publications, 1983. Print. This primary picture book of the Panama Canal, which was bought from Amazon, compiled original photographs from the Panama Canal. Its a good source because it has real life pictures of the Panama Canal. Its a reliable source because they were original photos with captions to explain the building process, the

living conditions, and the geography of Panama. This source helped the reader understand what life was like at that time. Van Hardeveld, Rose Mahr. Make the Dirt Fly! Hollywood: Pan Press, 1956. Print. This book, which came from a library in Oklahoma though interlibrary loan, was written by the wife of a Panama Canal worker. She talked about life in the Panama Canal with her husband and three children. It gave information on how people thought you contracted yellow fever and malaria before the mosquito theory. Its a good source because it has firsthand information on what it was like for someone you know to have yellow fever as well as life for the Panama Canal workers. Its a reliable source because it takes place during the building of the Panama Canal.

Secondary The Chief Engineers of the Panama Canal. WGBH American Experience. PBS. 8 Nov. 2012. Web. This secondary website source provided helpful information on the chief engineers, what they accomplished and their impact on the canal. It is a good resource because it was produced by Public Broadcasting Organization, a reliable organization. Friar, William. Centennial of the Panama Canal: From Construction to the Twenty-first Century. Portland, Oregon: Graphic Arts Center Publishing, 1996. Print. This book, found in a local library, celebrates the upcoming centennial of the Panama Canal. This book is a reliable source because it has pictures from the time of the building of the Panama Canal and it has lots of construction facts about the Canal Zone. It is a good resource because it has actual pictures of the Panama Canal in building. It is a secondary source because, even though it has primary pictures, the text itself is secondary. Mann, Elizabeth. The Panama Canal: The Story of How a Jungle was Conquered and the World Made Smaller. New York: Mikaya Press, 1998. Print. This book, which came from a local library, had information on the hardships of the Panama Canal. This source was used for finding facts about the building of the Panama Canal. Although it was a secondary source, the book had primary pictures included. It is a good resource because it is easy to read. It is a reliable source because the author, Elizabeth Mann, has also written many other books on the great wonders of the world like the pyramids of Egypt.

McCullough, David. The Path Between the Seas. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1997. Print. This secondary resource book, from a local library, gave rich and detailed insight on the building of the Panama Canal. It gave a detailed account of the French excavation and the American efforts. It is a good resource because the book has actual quotes from the builders, the engineers, and President Theodore Roosevelt. It also had an excellent bibliography. Parker, Mathew. Panama Fever. New York: Doubleday, 2007. Print. This secondary resource, from a local library, gave amazing information on the diseases of Panama and the Canal Zone as well as the overall history of the Panama Canal. It also talked about the impact of the canal opening. It is a good and reliable resource because the author is a respected historian. Yellow Fever and Malaria in the Canal. WGBH American Experience. PBS. 8 Nov. 2012. Web. This web site provided information on the two most deadly diseases in the Canal Zone, Yellow Fever and Malaria. This secondary source provided information on the symptoms of Yellow Fever and Malaria and how the doctors treated them in the Canal Zone. It is a good resource because it is produced by PBS, a reliable organization. The Workers. WGBH American Experience. PBS. 8 Nov. 2012. Web. This web site provided extensive information on the workers of the Panama Canal, the harsh conditions the workers had to work in, the homes the workers lived in, and the segregation between the black workers and the white workers. This secondary source, produced by Public Broadcasting System offered information on how hard life was for the workers of the Panama Canal and the hardships they had to deal with.