GT Proengineer 2000i 7073

B mn My & Robot
Hc vin K thut Qun s
Hng dn s dng
Pro/ENGINEER
2000i
Phn I:
Thit k sn phm - To bn v k thut
H ni - 2003
Bm My & Robot-HVKTQS
Hng dn s dng Pro/Engineer 2000i
Mc lc
Chng 1. Tng quan v cng ngh tham s v hng i tng
trong cad/CAM hin i..................................................................................1
1.1. cc chc nng ca CAD hin i..............................................................................1
1.1.1.Chc nng m hnh ho ......................................................................................... 1

1.1.2.Chc nng v.......................................................................................................... 2
1.1.3.Chc nng phn tch............................................................................................... 3
1.1.4.Chc nng CAM .................................................................................................... 3
1.2. Nhng cng ngh mi trong CAD ............................................................................4
1.2.1.Thit k theo tham s (Parametric Design)........................................................... 4

1.2.2.Thit k hng i tng (Feature Based Design)................................................ 5
1.2.3.Thit k thch nghi (Adaptive Design) ................................................................... 5
1.3. Cc thut ng c bn ca CAD hin i...............................................................6
1.4. Khi qut v cc h CAD/CAM c mt Vit Nam............................................7
Chng 2. Lm quen vi pro/Engineer 2000i ................................................................10
2.1. Cc chc nng ca Pro/E ...........................................................................................10
2.1.1.Chc nng thit k (CAD) ................................................................................... 10

2.1.2.Chc nng phn tch (CAE) ................................................................................. 11
2.1.3.Chc nng sn xut (CAM) ................................................................................. 11
2.2. Gii thiu giao din ngi dng ca Pro/E .......................................................11
2.2.1.Khi ng v ng Pro/E..................................................................................... 11
2.2.2.Giao din ngi dng ca Pro/E 2000i ................................................................ 12
2.3. Thit t thng s mi trng ca Pro/E ........................................................15
2.3.1.t th mc lm vic ........................................................................................... 15

2.3.2.Layer .................................................................................................................... 15
2.3.3.Mapkey ................................................................................................................ 16
2.3.4.t cu hnh h thng .......................................................................................... 17
2.3.5.t cc thng s ca m hnh.............................................................................. 19
2.4. Thc hnh cc thao tc n gin........................................................................25
2.4.1.M mt m hnh .................................................................................................. 25

2.4.2.Xem m hnh ....................................................................................................... 25
Chng 3. Phc tho cc bin dng................................................................................26
3.1. Mi trng Phc tho .................................................................................................26
3.1.1.Cc khi nim ...................................................................................................... 26

3.1.2.Khi to mt phc tho trong ch Sketcher .................................................... 26
3.1.3.p ng mc ch thit k ................................................................................... 26
3.2. Intent Manager ..............................................................................................................27
3.2.1.Phc tho vi Intent Manager .............................................................................. 27

3.2.2.Phc tho khng s dng Intent Manager............................................................ 28
3.3. Phc tho cc thc th .............................................................................................29
3.3.1.Point - im.......................................................................................................... 29
Mc lc
3.3.2.Line - ng thng............................................................................................... 29
3.3.3.Arc - cung trn..................................................................................................... 30
3.3.4.Circle - ng trn............................................................................................... 31
3.3.5.Rectang - hnh ch nht ....................................................................................... 32
3.3.6.Cc thc th hnh hc nng cao ........................................................................... 32
3.4. Hiu chnh cc thc th .............................................................................................32
3.4.1.Dynamic Trim...................................................................................................... 33
3.4.2.Trim ..................................................................................................................... 33
3.4.3.Divide................................................................................................................... 33
3.4.4.Mirror................................................................................................................... 33
3.4.5.Use Edge .............................................................................................................. 33
3.4.6.Offset Edge .......................................................................................................... 33
3.4.7.Move Entity ......................................................................................................... 33
3.5. Kch thc .........................................................................................................................33
3.5.1.Kch thc thng.................................................................................................. 34

3.5.2.Kch thc trn .................................................................................................... 34
3.5.3.Kch thc gc ..................................................................................................... 35
3.5.4.Kch thc chu vi ................................................................................................. 35
3.5.5.Kch thc to ................................................................................................. 35
3.5.6.Kch thc tham chiu ......................................................................................... 36
3.5.7.Hiu chnh kch thc.......................................................................................... 36
3.5.8.Kch thc quan h .............................................................................................. 37
3.6. Rng buc ..........................................................................................................................38
3.6.1.To rng buc mi ............................................................................................... 39

3.6.2.Hiu chnh rng buc........................................................................................... 40
3.7. Cc h tr cho mi trng phc tho...............................................................40
3.7.1.Cc chc nng iu khin hin th phc tho....................................................... 40

3.7.2.Chc nng Sec Tools............................................................................................ 40
3.7.3.Chc nng Move .................................................................................................. 41
3.8. Luyn tp ............................................................................................................................42
3.8.1.Bi tp 1. .............................................................................................................. 42
3.8.2.Bi tp 2. .............................................................................................................. 42
Chng 4. To cc feature ko.........................................................................................44
4.1. To lp m hnh da vo feature .........................................................................44
4.1.1.Quan h gia cc feature trong m hnh.............................................................. 45

4.1.2.Cc feature u tin ............................................................................................. 45
4.1.3.Cc bc to lp mt feature c dng bin dng ................................................. 45
4.2. Cc phn ko v phn ct.........................................................................................46
4.2.1.Cc php pht trin bin dng thnh feature........................................................ 46

4.2.2.Feature c v mng ............................................................................................ 47
4.2.3.Hng ko............................................................................................................ 47
4.2.4.Chiu su ko....................................................................................................... 47
4.2.5.Bin dng h v kn.............................................................................................. 48
4.3. To cc feature ko ....................................................................................................49
Mc lc
ii
4.4. Mt phng chun...........................................................................................................50
4.4.1.Khi nim............................................................................................................. 50
4.4.2.Cc phng php to mt phng chun ............................................................... 51
4.5. Hiu chnh mt feature..............................................................................................52
4.5.1.Chc nng Modify - chnh sa............................................................................. 52

4.5.2.Chc nng Redefine - nh ngha li ................................................................... 53
4.5.3.Hiu chnh thng qua cy m hnh ...................................................................... 53
4.6. Luyn tp ............................................................................................................................54
4.6.1.Thc hnh ............................................................................................................ 54

4.6.2.Bi tp .................................................................................................................. 56
Chng 5. To feature xoay ...............................................................................................58
5.1. Cc feature ko v ct xoay .................................................................................58
5.1.1.Bin dng ca feature xoay.................................................................................. 58

5.1.2.Cc tham s feature xoay..................................................................................... 58
5.1.3.Trnh t to lp mt feature xoay......................................................................... 59
5.2. L (Hole) v trc (Shaft) ...........................................................................................59
5.2.1.Straight Hole - l thng........................................................................................ 59

5.2.2.Sketch Hole - l phc tho ................................................................................... 60
5.2.3.Shaft - trc............................................................................................................ 60
5.3. Vnh g (Flange) v ngng trc (Neck)............................................................61
5.4. Cc chc nng b tr..................................................................................................61
5.4.1.To mng ............................................................................................................. 61

5.4.2.Trc chun ........................................................................................................... 62
5.5. Luyn tp ............................................................................................................................63
5.5.1.Thc hnh ............................................................................................................ 63

5.5.2.Bi tp .................................................................................................................. 64
Chng 6. To cc feature khng dng bin dng ..............................................65
6.1. Cc feature l thng - Straight hole...............................................................65
6.2. Cc feature bo trn - Round...................................................................................65
6.2.1.Trnh t to lp mt feature bo trn ..................................................................... 65

6.2.2.Cc tu chn bn knh bo trn ............................................................................. 66
6.2.3.Cc tu chn tham chiu...................................................................................... 66
6.2.4.Cc tu chn chn chui cnh ........................................................................ 66
6.3. Cc feature vt mp - Chamfer .............................................................................66
6.3.1.Cc dng feature vt mp..................................................................................... 66

6.3.2.Trnh t to mt Edge chamfer ............................................................................ 67
6.3.3.Trnh t to mt Conner chamfer......................................................................... 67
6.4. Cc feature vt mt - Draft ...................................................................................67
6.4.1.Cc mt phng v ng cong trung tnh ............................................................ 67

6.4.2.Cc feature vt mt theo mt phng trung tnh .................................................... 68
6.4.3.Cc feature vt mt theo ng cong trung tnh .................................................. 68
6.5. Cc feature dng v - Shell ...................................................................................69
Mc lc
iii
6.6. Cc feature gn - Rib...................................................................................................69

6.7. Cc feature khe, rnh - Slot...................................................................................70
6.8. Cc feature ng ba chiu - Pipe..............................................................................70
6.9. Luyn tp ............................................................................................................................71
6.9.1.Thc hnh ............................................................................................................ 71

6.9.2.Bi tp .................................................................................................................. 73
Chng 7. To cc feature un cong v hn hp .................................................74
7.1. Cc feature un cong - Sweep ................................................................................74
7.1.1.c im.............................................................................................................. 74
7.1.2.Trnh t to lp..................................................................................................... 75
7.2. Cc feature hn hp - Blend ...................................................................................75
7.2.1.c im.............................................................................................................. 75
7.2.2.To lp mt Parallel Blend................................................................................... 77
7.3. Cc chc nng ph tr ...............................................................................................77
7.3.1.ng cong chun ............................................................................................... 77

7.3.2.im chun.......................................................................................................... 78
7.3.3.H to .............................................................................................................. 79
7.4. Luyn tp ............................................................................................................................80
7.4.1.Thc hnh ............................................................................................................ 80

7.4.2.Bi tp .................................................................................................................. 83
Chng 8. M hnh ho nng cao......................................................................................84
8.1. Swept Blend ......................................................................................................................84
8.1.1.Khi nim............................................................................................................. 84
8.1.2.To mt Swept Blend ........................................................................................... 84
8.2. Variable Section Sweep..............................................................................................85
8.2.1.Khi nim............................................................................................................. 85
8.2.2.To mt Variable Section Sweep ......................................................................... 86
8.3. Helical Sweep ..................................................................................................................87
8.3.1.Khi nim............................................................................................................. 87
8.3.2.To mt Helical Sweep ........................................................................................ 87
8.4. Luyn tp ............................................................................................................................89
8.4.1.Thc hnh ............................................................................................................ 89

8.4.2.Bi tp .................................................................................................................. 90
Chng 9. Cc cng c x l feature ...........................................................................91
9.1. Nhm cc feature .........................................................................................................91
9.1.1.Menu Group ......................................................................................................... 91

9.1.2.Cc loi nhm ...................................................................................................... 92
9.1.3.To mng cho nhm ............................................................................................ 92
9.2. Sao chp cc feature ..................................................................................................93
9.2.1.Mirror - to feature i xng ............................................................................... 93

9.2.2.Move>>Rotate - sao chp quay cc feature......................................................... 94
Mc lc
iv
9.2.3.Move>>Translate - sao chp tnh tin cc feature ............................................... 94

9.2.4.New Reference - sao chp vi tham chiu mi.................................................... 94
9.2.5.Same Reference - sao chp vi cng tham chiu................................................. 95
9.3. Cc quan h.......................................................................................................................95
9.3.1.Cu lnh iu kin IF-ELSE ................................................................................ 96

9.3.2.Thm v hiu chnh cc quan h.......................................................................... 96
9.4. Family table ....................................................................................................................97
9.4.1.Khi nim............................................................................................................. 97
9.4.2.To mt Family Table.......................................................................................... 97
9.5. Luyn tp ............................................................................................................................98
9.5.1.Thc hnh ............................................................................................................ 98

9.5.2.Bi tp ................................................................................................................ 100
Chng 10. cc cng c c bn to bn v...............................................................101
10.1. Gii thiu ..........................................................................................................................101
10.2. File ci t bn v ......................................................................................................101
10.3. Cc dng sheet .............................................................................................................102
10.3.1.Chnh sa cc dng sheet ................................................................................. 102

10.3.2.To cc dng .................................................................................................... 102
10.4. To mt bn v mi .....................................................................................................102
10.5. Cc khung xem (hnh chiu) bn v....................................................................103
10.5.1.Menu Views..................................................................................................... 103

10.5.2.Cc kiu khung xem (hnh chiu) .................................................................... 103
10.6. To mt khung xem General.................................................................................104
10.7. To khung xem (hnh chiu) Detailed...............................................................104
10.8. Xc lp ch hin th .............................................................................................105
10.9. Hin th v xo cc hng mc ..............................................................................105
10.10.Kch thc v dung sai............................................................................................106
10.10.1.X l kch thc............................................................................................. 106

10.10.2.Dung sai v chnh sa kch thc .................................................................. 106
10.11.To cc ghi ch............................................................................................................106
10.11.1.To ghi ch khng c leader.......................................................................... 106

10.11.2.To ghi ch c leader chun .......................................................................... 107
10.12.To bng k chi tit ..................................................................................................107
10.13.Thc hnh........................................................................................................................108
10.14.Bi tp................................................................................................................................113
Chng 11 Cc cng c nng cao to bn v .........................................................114
11.1. Gii thiu ..........................................................................................................................114
11.2. Cc kiu mt ct ..........................................................................................................114
11.2.1.Mt ct ton phn (Full Section)...................................................................... 114

11.2.2.Mt ct mt na (Haft Section)........................................................................ 114
11.2.3.Mt ct mt phn (Local)................................................................................. 114
Mc lc
11.2.4.Mt ct mt phn v ton phn (Full & Local)................................................ 114

11.3. To mt ct ton phn (Full section) .............................................................114
11.4. To mt ct mt na (Haft Section)..................................................................115
11.5. To mt ct Offset Section ...................................................................................115
11.6. To mt ct Broken Out Section ........................................................................117
11.7. To mt ct Align Section .....................................................................................118
11.8. To mt ct Revolved Section ............................................................................118
11.9. To khung xem Auxiliary .......................................................................................119
11.10.Thc hnh........................................................................................................................120
11.11. Bi tp...............................................................................................................................125
Chng 12. M hnh lp rp ................................................................................................126
12.1. Mi trng lp rp .....................................................................................................126
12.2. Chn v di chuyn cc chi tit lp rp ...........................................................126
12.2.1.Cc rng buc trong lp rp ............................................................................. 127

12.2.2.Di chuyn cc chi tit trong m hnh lp rp ................................................... 129
12.2.3.Cc chi tit c ng gi ............................................................................... 130
12.3. Chnh sa cc lp rp v chi tit........................................................................130
12.3.1.Chnh sa kch thc........................................................................................ 130

12.3.2.To feature mi................................................................................................ 130
12.3.3.nh ngha li mt feature thnh phn............................................................. 131
12.3.4.To cc chi tit trong ch Assembly ........................................................... 131
12.3.5.Cc quan h lp rp.......................................................................................... 132
12.3.6.Ch layout ................................................................................................... 132
12.4. To dng trnh by n gin................................................................................132
12.5. To lp rp trin khai ..............................................................................................133
12.6. Luyn Tp ..........................................................................................................................134
12.6.1.Thc hnh ........................................................................................................ 134

12.6.2.Bi tp .............................................................................................................. 135
Chng 13. To m hnh b mt ........................................................................................136
13.1. Gii thiu v cc m hnh b mt .......................................................................136
13.2. Cch to m hnh b mt .........................................................................................137
13.3. Cc thao tc trn b mt .......................................................................................137
13.4. Cc tu chn b mt cao cp ................................................................................138
13.5. T hp cc mt (Merging quilt) ............................................................................139
13.6. Tu chn Boundaries ................................................................................................139
13.7. To cc Solid t cc m hnh mt ......................................................................140
13.8. Luyn Tp ..........................................................................................................................141
13.8.1.Thc hnh ........................................................................................................ 141

13.8.2.Bi tp .............................................................................................................. 142
Mc lc
vi
Chng 1. Tng quan v cng ngh tham s v hng i tng trong

cad/CAM hin i.............................................................................................................................1
1.1. cc chc nng ca CAD hin i ..................................................................................2
1.1.1.
1.1.2.
1.1.3.
1.1.4.
Chc nng m hnh ho .............................................................................................. 2

Chc nng v .............................................................................................................. 3
Chc nng phn tch ................................................................................................... 4
Chc nng CAM ......................................................................................................... 4
1.2. Nhng cng ngh mi trong CAD .................................................................................5
1.2.1. Thit k theo tham s (Parametric Design)................................................................ 5

1.2.2. Thit k hng i tng (Feature Based Design)..................................................... 6
1.2.3. Thit k thch nghi (Adaptive Design)........................................................................ 6
1.3. Cc thut ng c bn ca CAD hin i ...................................................................7
1.4. Khi qut v cc h CAD/CAM c mt Vit Nam ................................................8
Chng 1.Tng quan v cng ngh tham s v hng i tng trong CAD/CAM hin i
Chng 1. Tng quan v cng ngh tham s v hng i

tng trong cad/CAM hin i
Chng ta bit CAD xut hin vo trc nm 1960, vi t cch l cng c v (Drafting
Tool). V vy, trc y n c gi l "cy bt ch in t" (Electronic Pencil). Cho n
nhng nm 80 ca th k trc, v vn l chc nng c bn ca cc phn mm CAD. Cc
cng c v khng ngng c ci tin, c b sung thm cc tin ch, khin cho cng vic v
c tin hnh nhanh chng hn, chnh xc hn v gip cho vic qun l, trao i ti liu thit
k c d dng hn. Vi chc nng v th theo tn gi ban u, CAD ch l cng c tr gip
v trn my tnh (Computer Aided Drafting).
Theo thi gian, CAD c pht trin theo 2 hng:
- Mt mt, CAD c tch hp nhiu chc nng mi. Vi cc tnh nng ho c trng
ca mnh, CAD tr thnh mi trng pht trin cc cng c tnh ton, phn tch, sn xut (nh
tnh ton ng hc, ng lc hc c cu; tnh ton kh ng, nhit, t; lp trnh cho my CNC,
qun l cng ngh,...). Ni cch khc, CAD ngy cng c tch hp thm cc chc nng mi.
Nh cc chc nng ny m CAD tr thnh cng c tuyt vi khng ch cho cc nh thit k
m c cc nh kinh doanh, qun l, ngh thut, qun s,... Gii k thut ngy nay quen vi
cc thut ng CAE (Computer Aided Engineering), CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing).
Tuy c chc nng rt khc nhau, cc phn mm CAE v CAM c c im chung l c pht
trin trong mi trng ho ca CAD hoc s dng trc tip d liu ho ca CAD. Mt
cch t nhin, nhiu h CAD, nh CATIA (ca IBM), Pro/Engineer (ca PTC), Cimatron (ca
Cimatron), tch hp trong mnh nhiu chc nng ca CAM v CAE. Chng thc s tr
thnh cc phn mm CAD/CAM/CAE.
- Mt khc, mt s hng sn xut phn mm CAD khc, nh Autodesk (vi cc phn
mm Mechanical Desktop v Inventor), SolidWorks Corp. (vi phn mm SolidWorks),... to
ra mi trng m, cho php v khuyn khch tt c cc nh pht trin s dng d liu v cng
c iu hnh ca CAD to ra cc phn mm CAM v CAE khc. Chin lc hp tc trn c
s chuyn mn ho cho php to ra cc sn phm phn mm cht lng cao, gi thnh h
v gii phng cho khch hng khi s l thuc vo mt vi h nht nh.
D bng cch no th cc chc nng CAM v CAE cng c pht trin trn nn CAD.
Nu khng phn bit cc chc nng CAD, CAM, CAE do hng phn mm no to ra (i vi
ngi dng th iu khng quan trng) th c th quan nim rng CAM v CAE l s pht
trin tip theo ca CAD. Vi quan nim th c th ni cc phn mm CAD hin i
c tch hp thm cc chc nng CAM v CAE. Phn sau y gii thch r hn cc chc
nng ca CAD hin i.
1.1.
cc chc nng ca CAD hin i
1.1.1.
Chc nng m hnh ho
Vi cc h CAD hin i, mi trng lm vic ch yu ca k s thit k khng phi

bn v (Drawing) m l m hnh (Model).
M hnh trong CAD
Bn v trong CAD
M hnh v bn v trong CAD
Bn v ng l ngn ng ca ngi k s, nhng n cha cc hnh chiu, hnh ct, kch

thc, cc ch gii vi nhng quy c m ch ngi k s mi hiu c v ch dng cho
con ngi lu tr hoc trao i thng tin vi nhau. Bn v l mt ti liu "cht". Cn vi m
hnh, chng ta c th "tho", "lp", "quan st" t cc gc , c ly khc nhau; c th tra khi
lng, th tch ca cc chi tit hoc cm chi tit; c th "vn hnh" n kho st ng hc,
ng lc hc ca cc c cu; c th tnh ng sut v bin dng ca cc chi tit,... iu va ni
c minh ho qua hnh 1.Error! Bookmark not defined., gm m hnh (bn tri) v bn v
lp (bn phi) ca mt chic bm piston. Nu , chng ta c th thy trong m hnh, chic
bm c "tho v" quan st c bn trong. T mt m hnh c th to ra mt hay
nhiu bn v tu theo nhu cu s dng khc nhau. Cc thnh phn trong bn v (cc hnh
chiu, mt ct, ct trch, ...) c th c chit xut d dng t m hnh. Gia m hnh v cc
bn v c to t n c mi quan h vi nhau: mi chnh sa trong m hnh s c cp nht
vo bn v v ngc li.
1.1.2.
Chc nng v
To bn v k thut vn l chc nng khng th thiu c ca CAD. Cc phn mm

CAD hin i c 2 cng c gip to ra cc bn v k thut.
Dng chc nng Sketch

Sketcher l cng c phc tho, c nhim v chnh l to ra cc Profile 2D hoc 3D t
hnh thnh cc m hnh vt c (Solid) hoc b mt (Surface). Tuy nhin, do k tha c
cc cng c v ca CAD truyn thng, li c b sung cng c tham s ho, Sketcher ca
CAD hin i tr thnh cng c v mnh v linh hot to ra cc bn v k thut. Ngi ta
thng dng Sketcher to cc bn v n gin.
To bn v t m hnh
Trong CAD hin i, bn v l s biu hin bng ngn ng k thut ca m hnh. V

vy, cch thng thng nht to bn v l xut trc tip cc hnh chiu, hnh ct t m hnh
(nh thy trong hnh 1-Error! Bookmark not defined.). V vy, ngoi cch gi thng thng
M hnh c to bi phn mm Autodesk Mechanical Desktop 4.0 (MDT4)
(Draw), bn v cn c tn khc, l "Lay-Out". T mt m hnh c th to nhanh chng mt

hay nhiu bn v. Gia m hnh v cc bn v c to t c mi lin h qua li. Mi thay
i t m hnh s c t ng cp nht sang bn v v ngc li.
1.1.3.
Chc nng phn tch
l chc nng tnh ton ng hc, ng lc hc, nhit, ng sut, bin dng,... ca cc
chi tit, c cu, thit b v h thng. Cc cng c tnh ton, phn tch trn xut hin c lp vi
CAD, nhng c tch hp vo CAD tn dng kh nng ho k thut ngy cng
mnh ca n. S tch hp cc chc nng phn tch vo CAD lm xut hin mt thut ng mi:
CAE (Computer Aided Engineering). Nh CAE, chng ta
c th to v kho st cc i tng v
qu trnh mt cch trc quan. Trong
hnh 1.Error! Bookmark not defined.
l v d v chc nng m phng ng
lc hc ca my bm*. th ghi li
chuyn v v vn tc ca u piston nh
s dn ng ca vnh quay. Chc nng
na hay gp trong cc phn mm CAD
l tnh ton c hc v nhit nh phng
php phn t hu hn.
M phng ng lc hc
Phn ln h CAD c chc nng tnh ton cc b truyn c kh thng dng, nh bnh
rng, xch, ai, cam,... km theo th vin chi tit tiu chun, nh ln, vng bt, trc, chi tit
kp cht,.. Chng cn c th ni ghp vi cc modul chuyn dng, nh thit k khun, thit k
ng ng, thit k chi tit v mng,...
1.1.4.
Chc nng CAM
CAM xut hin mt cch c lp vi CAD, nhm mc ch ring l tr gip lp trnh

cho cc my NC. Xu hng tch hp CAD/CAM ny sinh t nhng nm 70 ca th k trc
tn dng mi trng ho hp dn ca CAD. Hin nay phn ln cc h CAD hin i u
c chc nng CAM v tr thnh cc h CAD/CAM. Chc nng CAM c hnh thnh trong
CAD theo 2 hng nh phn tch u chng:
- Theo hng th nht, cc nh sn xut phn mm CAD b sung thm chc nng CAM
vo sn phm CAD ca h to ra cc phn mm CAD/CAM thng nht. l trng hp
ca cc phn mm Pro/Engineer, Cimatron, CATIA.
- Theo hng th hai, cc nh chuyn vit phn mm CAM pht trin cc modul CAM
trn nn cc phn mm CAD ca hng khc. Bng cch ny, cc sn phm CAD/CAM k tha
c tinh hoa ca cc hng sn xut hng u th gii trong c 2 lnh vc. V d, hng
Pathrace chn cc phn mm CAD c a chung nht th gii, nh Mechanical Desktop,
Inventor, Solid Work pht trin phn mm EdgeCAM ca h. Kt qu l sinh ra cc t hp
M hnh c thc hin bi phn mm Dynamic Designer ca ADAMS, chy trn MDT4.
CAD/CAM lai (EdgeCAM for Mechanical Desktop, EdgeCAM for Inventor, EdgeCAM for
Solid Work) tt hn nhiu so vi mm EdgeCAM chnh gc ca Pathrace.
1.2.
Nhng cng ngh mi trong CAD
Cc phn mm CAD 2D (nh AutoCAD) buc ngi dng phi nhp chnh xc cc kch
thc v cc quan h hnh hc gia cc i tng vo bn v. iu khng th thc hin
c khi cha c bn thit k hon chnh. V vy, chc nng v d tt n u th cng khng
th m bo cho CAD thnh cng c tr gip thit k thc s. Mun c mi trng thit k
phi c CAD 3D vi chc nng m hnh ho v phn tch mnh vi cc cng ngh thit k
mi. Cc cng ngh ny m bo cho ngi k s thit k theo "quy trnh thun", nh trong s
hnh 1-Error! Bookmark not defined..
Phc tho
Lp m
hnh
Tnh ton
Kim
nghim
Chnh
sa
Kt qu
Quy trnh thit k thun

Cc h CAD hin i u s dng cng c m hnh ho 3D, trong tch hp cc cng
ngh sau:
1.2.1.
Thit k theo tham s (Parametric Design)
Vi cng ngh ny, thay v phi v chnh xc ngay t u (iu kh thc hin), chng ta
bt u bng phc tho, sau mi chnh xc ho bng cch gn kch thc v cc lin kt
hnh hc cho i tng. Chng ta cng c th gn mi quan h gia cc kch thc (v d s
ph thuc ca ng knh l vo chiu dy moay ) mi khi thay i chiu dy moay th
ng knh t ng thay i theo. Cng ngh tham s to cho CAD cc u im sau:
- Gip ngi k s hnh thnh v th hin tng thit k ng theo quy lut t nhin
ca qu trnh t duy: i t phc tho n chnh xc ho m hnh ri mi xut ti liu thit
k.
- Lm cho qu trnh thit k c mm do, linh hot. Cc sn phm thit k c th
c sa i mt cch d dng, trong bt c giai on no.
- D k tha cc kt qu thit k c. Nh cng ngh ny m ngi dng c th t to
cc th vin cc chi tit hoc kt cu my cho ring mnh v s dng chng mt cch hiu
qu.
- Gi mi lin kt gia m hnh v ti liu thit k (nh cp trn).
1.2.2.
Thit k hng i tng (Feature Based Design)
Cng ngh ny nh du mt
bc tin ln trong cng ngh
CAD. Thay v lm vic vi cc i
tng n gin, nh ng thng,
cung trn, kch thc,... ri rc,
ngi dng lm vic trc tip vi
cc b mt (tr, ren, rnh then), vi
cc chi tit v cm lp rp (xem
hnh 1-Error! Bookmark not
defined.). Nh vy c th to cc
mi ghp, cc khp, cp truyn
ng nh trong th gii thc.
Qun l m hnh theo i tng
Nh cc i tng c qun l cht ch theo tn gi v s lng, vic to ra c s d
liu v xut bng danh mc sn phm trong bn v lp c thun tin v d dng, chnh xc.
i tng c s dng trong CAD hin i l cc Feature. T cc Feature mi hnh
thnh cc chi tit my, cc cm lp v cc sn phm lp rp hon chnh.
1.2.3.
Thit k thch nghi (Adaptive Design)
n thi im ny cng ngh thit k thch nghi cn rt mi, duy nht ch c phn
mm Inventor ca Autodesk. N cho php to ra cc m hnh "thng minh", t thay i kch
thc lp va vi chi tit i ng. Trng hp trong hnh 1-Error! Bookmark not
defined. l mt v d: cng 1 (chi tit thch nghi) khng lp va vi vnh 2 (chi tit c nh)
do kch thc ca chng khc nhau. Sau khi lp c mt bn tri, cng 1 t thay i kch
thc lp va mt bn phi ca vnh 2. Cng ngh thch nghi gip cho qu trnh thit k
c mm do v nng sut hn.
Cng ngh thch nghi ca Autodesk Inventor
1.3.
Cc thut ng c bn ca CAD hin i
Trong phn ny chng ti gii thch cc thut ng c bn dng trong cc phn mm thit
k theo tham s v hng i tng*.
Sketch
Sketch l i tng hnh hc n gin, dng khung dy 2D hoc 3D, c dng to ra
cc Feature. Sketch bao gm cc phn t hnh hc c bn (Entity) ca CAD, nh on thng
(Line), cung trn (Arc), vng trn (Circle), ch nht (Rectang),... c sp xp v nh hnh
mt cch c ch ch nh cc lin kt (Constraint) v cc kch thc (Dimension).
Cc Constraint quy nh v tr tng quan gia cc phn t hnh hc. Cc Constraint
thng dng l:
- Same Point: trng kht to 2 im
- Horizontal: ging mt ng thnh nm ngang
- Vertical: ging mt ng thnh thng ng
- Point On Entity: buc mt im nm trn mt ng
- Tanggent: buc 2 ng tip tuyn vi nhau
- Perpendicular: buc 2 ng thng vung gc vi nhau
- Parallel: buc 2 ng thng song song vi nhau
- Equal Radii: buc 2 cung trn c bn knh bng nhau
- Equal Lengths: buc 2 ng c chiu di bng nhau
- Symmetric: buc 2 im i xng nhau qua mt centerline
- Line Up Horizontal: buc 2 im nm ngang vi nhau
- Line Up Vertical: buc 2 im thng ng vi nhau
- Collinear: buc 2 ng thng trng nhau
- Allinment: buc mt im hoc mt ng nm trn mt ng khc.
Cc kch thc dng trong Sketch l kch thc tham s (Parametric Dimension). Khc
vi trong CAD truyn thng, mi i tng nhn cc gi tr kch thc c nh, trong CAD
tham s, chng nhn cc tham s (bin) vi gi tr thay i c. Mi khi thay i gi tr ca
tham s th bn thn i tng b thay i theo. Hn na, gia cc tham s c th hnh thnh
mi quan h (Relation), khi mt tham s thay i th cc tham s lin quan b thay i
theo. iu ny to s linh hot cho qu trnh thit k.
V d v mi quan h tham s
nh trong hnh 1-Error! Bookmark
not defined.. Khi thay i gi tr chiu
rng d1 ca khi hp th gi tr ca
chiu di d2 v chiu cao d3 thay i
theo quan h:
d2 = 2 d1
d3 = 0.8 d1
d3=0.8*d1
d1
d2=2*d1
Quan h tham s
Ban c nn dng cho quen cc thut ng chun bng ting Anh. V vy, chng ti khng dch
m ch gii thch mt ln. Sau ny chng s c dng nh nguyn bn.
Feature
Feature l i tng hnh hc 3D c bn nht ca Feature Based CAD, hnh thnh hoc
tr gip cho hnh thnh cc m hnh chi tit (Part) hoc m hnh lp rp (Assembly). Theo vai
tr ca Feature trong thit k hoc trong kt cu, ngi ta phn bit cc loi Feature sau:
Sketched Feature: Feature c to ra t Sketch. Sau khi c Sketch, ngi ta mi
dng cc cng c m hnh ho (Extrude, Revolve, Sweep, Loft,...) to ra Feature. Feature
u tin trong mi chi tit phi l Sketched Feature. V vy Sketched FeatureI cn c gi l
Feature c s. Cc Sketched Feature thng l cc b mt c bn trong chi tit.
Placed Feature:Feature c to ra trn c s cc Feature khc. Chng khng da
vo Sketch hoc ch da mt phn vo Sketch. Cc loi Placed Feature c bn l Hole (l),
Fillet hoc Round (v trn cnh hoc gc), Chamfer (vt cnh hoc gc), Rib (gn), Sheel (v
mng). Pro/E gi cc loi ny l Construction Feature.
Work Feature: Feature khng cu thnh chi tit m ch gip ch cho hnh thnh chi
tit. Chng thng c dng lm chun kch thc nh v cc Feature khc trong chi tit
hoc nh v cc chi tit trong cm lp. Tng ng vi 3 loi chun c bn (mt chun, trc
chun, im chun) c 3 loi Work Feature l Work Plane, Work Axis v Work Point. Pro/E
gi cc Work Feature l Datum: Datum Plane, Datum Axis, Datum Point.
Part
Khi nim Part tng ng vi khi nim chi tit my trong c kh. V vy, khi lm vic
vi cc phn mm thit k c kh nn gi Part l chi tit my, hay n gin l chi tit. Khi lp
rp, ngi ta cn dng t Component (cu t) thay th cho t Part.
Assembly
Assembly c hiu tng t nh trong c kh l cm lp c lp. Assembly c hnh

thnh bng cch ghp chi tit hoc cc cm lp con (Sub Assembly) nh cc mi ghp
(Constraint). S cu trc ca Assembly c dng nhnh cy.
Sub Assembly
Sub Assembly c hiu tng t nh trong lp rp c kh l cm lp con. N c hnh

thnh t cc chi tit hoc cc cm lp con khc. Sub Assembly khc vi Assembly ch tnh
c lp.
1.4.
Khi qut v cc h CAD/CAM c mt Vit Nam
S h CAD/CAM c th gp Vit Nam c th n vi chc, trong c sn phm ca

cc nh cung cp ni ting bc nht th gii. Trong bi ny ch cp cc h c bit n
nhiu nht, nh CATIA, Cimatron, Pro/Engineer, SolidWorks. Mi ngi s dng CAD/CAM
c th c nh gi ring. Sau y l mt s thng tin thu thp qua cc ti liu phn tch th
trng ca nc ngoi.
Vi xu hng ton cu ho v trnh thng tin nh hin nay th vic cp nht cc chc
nng v cng ngh tin tin kh d dng. iu th hin ch thi gian cc hng a ra
mt version mi c rt ngn rt nhanh. Mt cng ngh mi ra i ti hng ny th ch my
thng sau thy xut hin sn phm ca hng khc. V vy, khng thy c s khc bit
ng k v chc nng gia cc h CAD/CAM. S khc nhau c chng l cch ng gi,

cch cung cp cc modul chc nng ti khch hng nh th no, m l v l do thng mi.
Khi la chn phn mm, ngoi tnh nng k thut, cn c bit quan tm n mi trng lm
vic m phn mm to ra v chi ph s dng phn mm.
Pro/E l sn phm ca PTC (Parametric Technology Corp). y l hng ln, c b dy
v doanh thu cao trong th trng CAD th gii. Mi cng vic v c kh: thit k thng
thng, khun, phn t hu hn, lp rp, CAM (lp trnh cho my phay ti 5 trc, tin vi trc
C, ct dy,...) u c th thc hin trn Pro/E v cc modul m rng ca n. Nhc im ln
nht ca Pro/E l rt kh hc v kh s dng. Cc phin bn trc ca Pro/E chy trong Unix.
Gn y PTC cho ra cc phin bn Windows, v k t phin bn Pro/E 2000i rt c gng
ci tin giao din ngi dng theo chun Windows. Phin bn Pro/E Wildfire ra nm 2002
th hin bc tin ng ghi nhn v giao din ngi dng ca Pro/E. Tuy nhin, ngay c trong
cc phin bn mi ca Pro/E, kh nng x l ti nguyn cn hn ch. Cng mt cng vic,
Pro/E i hi cu hnh phn cng my tnh cao v chy kh nng n.
Cimatron l sn phm ca hng cng tn (Israel), c tnh nng v c im tng t nh
ca Pro/E. l phn mm m hnh ho 3D mnh, c bit v thit k khun mu, m hnh
ho v gia cng b mt. Cc phin bn trc ca Cimatron cng rt kh dng. Bt u t
phin bn 12, giao din ca Cimatron cng c ci tin mt cch tch cc theo chun
Windows.
SolidWorks v Autodesk l 2 hng sn xut phn mm CAD ni ting th gii, sm
cho ra cc phin bn Windows.
SolidWorks l sn phm ca hng cng tn (SolidWorks Corp.). u im ln nht ca
n l giao din hon ton tng thch vi Windows v gi c phi chng. Nhc im ca
SolidWorks l chc nng v (Draft) v m hnh ha b mt hn ch.
Autodesk c 2 sn phm thit k c kh chuyn dng l Mechanical Desktop (MDT) v
Inventor. MDT chy trn nn AutoCAD nn mi giao din tng t ca AutoCAD, c
ngi s dng hoan nghnh khi h mun chuyn t mi trng CAD truyn thng sang m
hnh ho 3D. Inventor chy c lp, s dng cng ngh tin tin. Ngoi cng ngh tham s,
hng i tng nh cc phn mm khc, Inventor ln u trnh din cng ngh thit k thch
nghi. Chc nng qun l theo Project cho php thit k v qun l cc cm lp rp ln. Giao
din ngi dng ca Inventor rt hon chnh, thn tin, tin dng v hp dn. H thng thanh
cng c ca Inventor c thit k gn, thng minh, cho php ngi dng gim thiu di
chuyn v s ln bm chut. Bn cnh , Inventor c h thng tr gip kh y , phc v
tt cho mi lp ngi dng. Bn thn MDT v Inventor l phn mm CAD/CAE ch c chc
nng thit k thng thng: m hnh ha solid v b mt, phn t hu hn, th vin c kh,
tnh cc b truyn,... Cc chc nng c bit khc, nh khun, CAM, c tch hp t cc nh
pht trin th 3 (MAI). u im ln nht ca cc phn mm ny l d s dng, giao din
ngi dng thn thin. Gi c ca chng thuc loi thp.
Giao din ngi dng l mt ch tiu ht sc quan trng, v c mt thc t l nhiu nh
thit k gii li khng gii v my tnh. Hn na, giao din tt cho php tng nng sut thit
k n 200%. MDT, Inventor v SolidWorks to ra mi trng lm vic thoi mi cho ngi
dng nh cc mt h thng giao din nhiu knh, t thanh v hp cng c n menu chun v
g phm, phm g tt,... H thng nh vy p ng tt cho c ngi dng chuyn v khng

chuyn.
Hnh 1-Error! Bookmark not defined., bn tri l giao din ca Inventor 4. N c cc
thanh v hp cng c trc quan, gn nh ngi dng ch cn bm chut. Bn phi l giao din
ca Cimatron 10, ch c cc thanh menu kh cng, kh iu khin.
(a)
(b)
Giao din ngi dng ca Inventor 4 (a) v ca Cimatron 10 (b)

Nh giao din tt, Inventor cho php phc ho 218%, Edit m hnh chi tit:: 237%, m
hnh lp rp: 197%, x l cm lp rp vi 1000 chi tit: 182%, cm 3000 chi tit: 217%, xut
bn v tiu chun: 272% nhanh hn Pro/Eng(*).
Cc sn phm ca Autodesk v SolidWorks cn cung cp cho ngi dng mt h thng
tr gup, cng c hun luyn phong ph, thit thc v tin dng. Nh th, nhng ai lm
quen vi AutoCAD (s ny chim ti 60% ngi dng CAD) v Microsoft Windows u c
th tip cn h thng ny sau mt vi ngy hun luyn.
(*)
Autodesk Inventor 5 White Paper: The Best Choice for AutoCAD Users; Autodesk 2001.
10
11
Chng 2. Lm quen vi pro/Engineer 2000i .....................................................................10

2.1. Cc chc nng ca Pro/E ................................................................................................11
2.1.1. Chc nng thit k (CAD) ........................................................................................ 11

2.1.2. Chc nng phn tch (CAE)...................................................................................... 12
2.1.3. Chc nng sn xut (CAM) ...................................................................................... 12
2.2. Gii thiu giao din ngi dng ca Pro/E............................................................12
2.2.1. Khi ng v ng Pro/E.......................................................................................... 12

2.2.2. Giao din ngi dng ca Pro/E 2000i..................................................................... 13
2.3. Thit t thng s mi trng ca Pro/E.............................................................16
2.3.1.
2.3.2.
2.3.3.
2.3.4.
2.3.5.
t th mc lm vic................................................................................................ 16
Layer......................................................................................................................... 16
Mapkey ..................................................................................................................... 17
t cu hnh h thng............................................................................................... 18
t cc thng s ca m hnh................................................................................... 20
2.4. Thc hnh cc thao tc n gin ............................................................................26
2.4.1. M mt m hnh ....................................................................................................... 26

2.4.2. Xem m hnh ............................................................................................................ 26
Chng 2. Lm quen vi Pro/Engineer 2000i
10
Chng 2. Lm quen vi pro/Engineer 2000i

Phin bn u tin ca Pro/E ra i vo cui thp k 80 ca th k trc. n nay, sau
trn 20 nm tn ti v pht trin, Pro/E tr thnh phn mm m hnh ho 3D vi nhiu chc
nng tr gip thit k, phn tch v sn xut mnh.
Bt u t phin bn 2000i, PTC u t mnh m vo pht trin cc phin bn Windows.
Tuy nhin, k c trong cc phin bn mi nht, mc d c nhng bc tin ng ghi nhn, mi
trng lm vic ca Pro/E vn cha tht ph hp vi ngi dng Windows truyn thng, v
PTC vn cha xo c n tng xu ca ngi dng v tnh kh s dng trong sn phm ca
h. iu i hi ngi mi bt u dng Pro/E phi b nhiu thi gian lm quen vi
giao din ngi dng ca n. Chng ny nhm gii thiu nhng vn quan trng nht v
mi trng lm vic ca Pro/E.
2.1.
Cc chc nng ca Pro/E

Pro/E l phn mm CAD/CAM/CAE tch
hp, c nhiu chc nng tr gip thit k, phn
tch k thut v lp trnh cho my NC. Pro/E
c chia nh thnh nhiu modul, ngi dng
c th chn mua tu theo nhu cu s dng. Mi
chc nng c th c chn nh menu File ->
New. Hp thoi New lit k cc chc nng
(Type) c th chn. Mt s chc nng c tu
chn (Sub-type) b sung (hnh 2.1).
Cc chc nng ca Pro/E c th c gp
lm 3 nhm chnh:
Nhm chc nng thit k (CAD)
Nhm chc nng phan tch (CAE)
Nhm chc nng sn xut (CAM).
Sau y m t mt s chc nng chnh.
Hp thoi New
2.1.1. Chc nng thit k (CAD)
y l chc nng c bn ca Pro/E, to ra mi trng m hnh ho 3D. Modul c s ca
Pro/E c cc chc nng phc tho (Sketching), to m hnh chi tit (Part Modelling), to m
hnh lp rp (Assembly Modelling), xut bn x k thut (Drawing). p ng cc nhu cu
chuyn mn, Pro/E c cc modul tu chn, nh:
Pro/Sheetmetal: thit k chi tit kim loi tm
Pro/Welding: thit k mi hn
Pro/Moldesign: thit k khun
Pro/Piping: thit k ng ng
Pro/Surface: thit k m hnh b mt.
11
Mt s modul ph tr cho qu trnh thit k, nh Pro/Photorender tng cng nng

lc x l ho trong m hnh ho, Pro/Program tr gip lp trnh tham s.
2.1.2. Chc nng phn tch (CAE)
Cc chc nng phn tch ca Pro/E kh phong ph v mnh, c gi trong modul
Pro/Mechanica.
Pro/Mechanica l mt modul CAE a chc nng, cho php m phng cc tnh nng vt
l ca m hnh, gip kho st v ci thin m hnh thit k. Nh Pro/Mechanica c th xc
nh ng sut, bin dng, tn s dao ng, truyn nhit nh khi m hnh lm vic.
Pro/Mechanica c 3 modul nh:
Structure: Kho st cc c trng c hc ca kt cu, nh ng sut, bin dng, tnh
bn, mi,...
Thermal: Kho st c trng nhit ca kt cu, nh ti nhit, truyn nhit, trng
nhit ,...
Motion: Kho st c trng ng hc v ng lc hc ca c cu, nh chuyn v, vn
tc gia tc, lc v moment, ng lc hc ngc,...
2.1.3. Chc nng sn xut (CAM)
Pro/E c nhiu chc nng tr gip sn xut, c phn chia cho nhiu modul.
Pro/NC: thc hin chc nng lp trnh cho my NC. Vic lp trnh c thchin qua
cc bc: to m hnh gia cng (Manufacturing Model), nh ngha thit b (Work Cell),
nguyn cng (Operation), trnh t gia cng (NC Sequence), sinh qu o dao (CL Data), hu
x l (Post-processing).
p ng cc nhu cu a dng, Pro/NC li c chia thnh cc modul nh: Pro/NCMill cho my phay 2,5 v 3 trc; Pro/NC-Turn cho my tin 2 v 4 trc; Pro/NC-WEDM cho
my ct xung in 2 n 4 trc; Pro/NC-Advanced dng cho tt c cc loi my ni trn, k
c trung tm phay - tin.
Pro/Casting: tr gip thit k khun v qu trnh sn xut c.
Pro/Process: tr gip thit k quy trnh cng ngh gia cng.
2.2.
Gii thiu giao din ngi dng ca Pro/E

2.2.1. Khi ng v ng Pro/E
C 3 phng php khi ng Pro/E:
- T Menu Start ca Windows, chn PROGRAMS -> Pro/Engineer -> Proe2000i.
- Kch p vo biu tng ca Pro/E trn Desktop ca Windos.
- Tm v kch vo file <Th mc ci t Pro/E>\bin\proe2000i.bat. l file khi
ng Pro/E.
ng Pro/E c thc hin nh ng cc ng dng Windows khc: vo Menu File ->
Exit hoc kch chut vo nh du cho () gc trn - phi mn hnh.
12
2.2.2. Giao din ngi dng ca Pro/E 2000i

Sau khi khi ng, Pro/E 2000i a ra mn hnh nh trong hnh 2.2.
Mn hnh lm vic ca Pro/E 2000i

Mn hnh lm vic ca Pro/E c v ngoi ging nh mn hnh ca cc phn mm CAD
chy trong Windows khc. Tuy nhin, v Pro/E khng tht s l phn mm chy trong
Windows nn giao din ngi dng ca n c mt s im khc.
Thanh menu
Thanh menu ca Pro/E 2000i tng t nh trong cc phn mm Windows khc. Sau y
im qua chc nng chnh ca cc menu. Chi tit tng mc chn s c ni r trong mi ch
. Cc chc nng tng t cng c gi t cc thanh cng c hoc t Menu Manager. Nhn
t tri sang phi ta thy cc menu sau:
1. File: Phc v qun l cc file: to file mi, m file, quy nh th mc lm vic, ng
ca s, xo cc phin bn c, lu ra file, i tn file, nhp, xut, in,...
Tu theo i tng c lu tr, Pro/E dng cc phn m rng khc nhau:
Sketch:
TEN.SEC.*
Part:
Assembly
TEN.ASM.*
Manufacturing TEN .MFG.*
Drawing TEN.DRG.*
Format
TEN .PRT.*
TEN .FRM.*
Trong TEN l tn file, khng qu 31 k t, khng chp nhn k t trng.

Pro/E qun l File c hi khc vi Windows:
13
- Mi khi SAVE mt file, Pro/E s to mt phin bn mi di dng mt file. S th t

ca phin bn c ghi vo sau du chm ca phn m rng. V d, cc phin bn ca file
HOP.PRT theo th t ghi s l HOP.PRT.1, HOP.PRT.2, HOP.PRT.3,... Mun xo cc phin
bn c th phi vo menu File -> Delete -> Old Versions.
- Pro/E khng cho php ghi mt file trng tn vi mt file c. Cch qun l ny an
ton nhng hi phin phc. Trong trng hp ny Windows ch a ra cnh bo nguy c ghi
ln file c. Nu ngi dng ng th vic ghi vn c thc hin. gim phin
phc, Pro/E a ra mc Rename trong menu File.
- Pro/E khng nhc ngi dng SAVE khi thot. Cn ch iu ny khi b mt kt
qu.
2. Info: Cho php tm kim thng tin v cc i tng, cc thng tin v qu trnh to lp,
sa i v nhng li gp phi.
3. View: Dng thay i din mo ca h thng v cc m hnh, nh thu phng, v li,
thay i mu m hnh.
4. Utilities: Cha cc tin ch tu bin mi trng lm vic, ghi v sa i file cu hnh,
to v truy cp cc mapkey.
5. Applications: Cho php thay i mi trng lm vic ca Pro/E, nh chuyn t thit
k (Part) sang ch to (Manufacturing).
6. Analys: Cho php truy vn thng tin v cc m hnh v cc thnh phn ca n.
7. Window: Phc v tm kim, m ng, kch hot cc ca s lm vic.
8. Help: Cho php truy cp vo cc ngun thng tin tr gip, hun luyn. Phn tr gip
ca Pro/E 2000i c cung cp thnh cc modul ring (Pro/Help System, Pro/Online Books).
Phn cn li rt ngho nn.
Menu Manager
Menu Manager nm bn phi mn hnh. l thanh menu dng ct, c ni dung bin
i theo ni dung cng vic (tng t Screen Menu ca AutoCAD). Menu Manager cha cc
chc nng thng dng nht nht ca Pro/E.
Thanh cng c
H thng thanh cng c (Tool Bar) ca Pro/E 2000i cha tht phong ph. Hnh thc v
cch s dng chng tng t nh trong cc trnh ng dng khc ca Windows. Trn hnh 2.2
c th thy 4 thanh cng c chnh, thng trc. l cc thanh cng c File (qun l file),
View (iu khin mn hnh), Model Display (iu khin m hnh), Datum Display (bt, tt
cc mt, ng, im chun) v nt Help (gi tr gip ng cnh). C th bt tt v thay i v
tr hin th ca mi thanh cng c.
Vng ho
Vng ho ca Pro/E 2000i c mu mc nh l xanh nc bin, y v l do in n
nn chng ti i sang nn trng. Bnh thng vng ny khng m to ht mn hnh my tnh
m dnh mt phn bn phi cho Menu Manager. Chng ti khuyn c nh vy v tr ca
Menu Manager n nh hn.
14
Th tc thay i mu nn mn hnh ho nh sau:

1. Chn Utilities -> Colors -> System. Xut hin hp
thoi System Color (hnh 2.3).
2. Chn Scheme -> Black On White
3. B du kim trc Blended Background
4. Chn OK.
Kt qu, nn mn hnh s c mu trng.
Mun ly li mu xanh mc nh, chn Scheme ->
Default v nh du trc Blended Background.
S mu t c th c lu li bng cch chn
menu File -> Save trong hp thoi System Color. File ghi ra
c phn m rng mc nh l .SCL.
Vng thng bo (Message Area)
Vng ny dnh hin cc thng bo, cc li nhc ca
Pro/E v khi cn, cng l ni ngi dng nhp cc thng
tin theo yu ca phn mm. V tr ca vng trng thi c th
pha trn hoc di y vng ho.
Hp thoi System Color
Model Tree
Model Tree nm bn tri mn hnh, trong l danh mc cc i tng thit k di
dng nhnh cy. y l cng c rt hu dng trong tm kim, chn cc i tng. V hnh
thc th Model Tree ny tng t Browser ca mt s phn mm CAD khc. Theo mc nh
th n chim ch trong mn hnh ho nn khi khng cn thit th nn bm vo phm "-"
(Minimize) pha trn - bn phi mn hnh cho n i. C th t Model Tree ngoi mn
hnh ho.
Tu bin giao din ca Pro/E 2000i
C th bt tt, thay i v tr ca cc thanh cng c, thm bt cc nt lnh trong mi
thanh, thm bt cc lnh trong menu theo th tc tng t nh trong cc trnh ng dng
Windows khc: chn Utilities -> Customize Screen trn thanh menu hoc nhp phm phi
vo thanh cng c v chn Customize. Hp thoi Customize c m. Chn mt trong cc
th sau thay i ni dung v cch hin th ca cc giao din:
Toolbars: Bt tt v thay i v tr ca cc thanh cng c.
Commands: Thm, bt cc nt lnh trong mi thanh cng c.
Menus: Thm, bt cc lnh trong cc menu.
Options: Thay i cc giao din sau (hnh 2.4):
15
- Message Area Position:

hin vng thng bo pha trn
(Above) hay pha di (Below)
mn hnh.
- Default Tree Setting: v
tr t Model Tree. trong hnh
v l di - phi.
- Height (%): Chiu cao
ca Model Tree, bng ca s
ho.
- Width (%): B rng ca
Model Tree, t bng (27%).
- Apply Setting: Lm
cho cc thit t c tc dng.
- Automatically save to:
T ng ghi kt qu ra file...
Tu bin giao din ca Pro/E 2000i
- OK: ng v thot, Camcel: hu thit t, Default: ly thit t mc nh ca Pro/E
2000i.
2.3.
Thit t thng s mi trng ca Pro/E

2.3.1. t th mc lm vic
Th mc lm vic l v tr mc nh Pro/E ghi, truy cp cc file. C 2 phng php
quy nh th mc lm vic:
Ngoi mi trng Pro/E
Kch phi chut vo biu tng ca Pro/E trn Desktop hoc trong Start-up Menu,
chn Propterties -> Program -> Working -> OK.
y l phng php thng dng trong Windows. Bng cch ny s quy nh c th
mc lm vic mc nh cho tt c cc phin lm vic v sau.
Trong mi trng Pro/E
T Menu File -> Working Directory. Mt hp thoi c m cho php chn mt th
mc c sn trn a lm th mc lm vic.
2.3.2. Layer
Pro/E s dng Layer (lp) gip ngi dng ch ng sp xp cc i tng (Peature,
Part, Surface,...) x l chng cng nhau. Sau khi chn menu View -> Layers, hp thoi
c m (hnh 2.5).
16
Hp thoi Layers
Hp thoi ny c cc tu chn: New Layer (thm), Delete Layer (xo), Layer Properties
(thuc tnh) Layer Info (hin thng tin), Add Iterm (thm i tng) Remove Iterm (bt i
tng) Show Layer (hin i tng) Blank Layer (n i tng) Isolate Layer (tch bit) Pure
Layer (xo ht i tng).
2.3.3. Mapkey
Mapkey thc ra l t chc
nng Macro bn phm. Mapkey
c to bng cch ghi li chui
cc thao tc thng xuyn phi
dng lp i lp li.
V d, nu cn Mapkey
to 3 mt chun mc nh ca
Pro/E, ta lm nh sau:
1. Menu Utilities ->
Mapkeys. Xut hin hp thoi
Mapkeys (hnh 2.6).
2. Chn New. Xut hin
thm hp thoi Record Mapkeys.
3. Nhp chui phm (Key
Sequence), tn (Name), m t
(Description).
Hp thoi Mapkey
17
4. Chn phm Record.

5. Thc hin cc thao tc. (v d, bm menu File -> New -> Part -> OK. Trong Menu
Manager chn Create -> Datum -> Plane -> Default -> OK).
6. Bm Stop dng ghi.
Nu bm Save th Mapkey s c ghi vo file config mc nh.
Khi cn chy Mapkey th nhn phm theo trnh t nh (v d F1) hoc bm phm
Run trong hp thoi Mapkey.
2.3.4. t cu hnh h thng
t cu hnh
Hp thoi t cu hnh h thng Environement c gi qua menu Utilities ->
Environment.
Hp thoi c 3 phn:
Display: Quy nh cc b phn c hin trong mi trng lm vic.
Default Actions: Quy nh cch thc phn ng ca h thng trc tc ng ca ngi
dng.
3 dng cui ca hp thoi quy nh cch thc hin th m hnh.
ngha ca cc mc nh sau:
Dimension Tolerances: t ch hin dung sai ON hay OFF. Ch ny cng c
quy nh qua tu chn Tolerances Display trong file cu hnh config.pro. Gi tr dung sai mc
nh ly trong file ny, tr khi c quy nh khc.
Datum Planes: t ch hin th cc mt phng chun ON, OFF. Ch ny cng
c iu khin nh thanh cng c.
Datum Axes: t ch hin th cc trc chun ON, OFF. Ch ny cng c iu
khin nh thanh cng c.
Point Symbols: t ch hin th cc im chun ON, OFF. Ch ny cng c
iu khin nh thanh cng c(*).
Point Tags: t hin th point Tags hoc tn ON, OFF.
Coordinate Systems: t ch hin th h to ON, OFF. Ch ny cng c
iu khin nh thanh cng c.
Spin Center: t ch hin th tm quay m hnh ON, OFF. Ch ny cng c
iu khin nh thanh cng c. Quay m hnh bng cch gi phm CTRL v phm chut gia
hoc CTRL+Shift v phm chut tri.
3D Notes & Notes as Names: iu khin cch hin th cc ghi ch i km m hnh lu tr
hoc trao i thng tin gia cc ngi dng, khng nh hng n cc i tng hnh hc.
Reference Designators: t ch hin th nh danh ON, OFF trong modul
Pro/CABLING.
(*)
Nhc im ca Pro/E l khng cho php iu khin tng Datum ring bit.
18
Thick/Centerline Cables: Tu chn hin th dy

cp c to nh modul Pro/CABLING bng ng
tm (Centerline) hay bng cp. Ch hin th ng
tm gim thi gian tnh ton v hin th.
Model Tree: iu khin Model Tree ON hay
OFF.
Query Bin: iu khin Query Bin ON hay OFF.
Query bin cho php chn cc feature vi tu chn
Query select .
Colors: iu khin hin th mu ON hay OFF.
Textures: iu khin hin thi textures ON hay
OFF. Texture gip hin th m hnh thc hn, nhng
lm chm qu trnh. V vy ch dng khi cn thit.
Levels of Detail: iu khin mc chi tit ca
m hnh khi render.
Ring Message Bell: iu khin chung bo ON
hay OFF. Khi ON, chung rung mi khi Pro/E nhc
ngi dng nhp s liu qua bn phm.
Save Display: Khi nh du mc ny, thng tin
mn hnh s c ghi li ln sau m hnh c m
nhanh hn.
Make Regen Backup: Pro/E tm thi lu model
trc mi ln ti to.
Snap To Grid: Con tr bt vo nt li trong ch
2D (khi Sketch hay Drawing).
Highlight Erased Views: Khi nh du mc ny,
Pro/E chiu sng cc khung nhn b xo khi bn v.
Mun xo b chiu sng th phi tr li khung nhn v
xo n khi bn v.
Keep Info Datums: Tu chn ny coi cc chun
l thuc m hnh, c thit lp trong ch info.
Use 2D Sketcher: Nu mc ny c chn th
mt phng Sketch s nh hng song song vi mn
hnh. Nu khng, n vn nh hng trong khng gian
3 chiu.
Hp thoi t cu hnh h thng
Use Fast HLR: Khi mc ny c chn th Pro/E cho hin cc nt khut trong khi quay
hoc nh hng m hnh. Nh vy thi gian tnh ton nt khut c gim.
Display Style: Hin th m hnh di dng Wireframe hay Shade.
Default Orient: nh hng m hnh theo Isometric, Trimetric hay tu ngi dng
(User Defined). Ch User Defined c th c xc lp trong file config.pro.
19
Cc file cu hnh
Cc thit t mi trng c th c lu trong cc file cu hnh. Cc file ny c th c
t th mc ci t hoc th mc lm vic ca Pro/E. Thng th cc file dng chung c
t trong [th mc ci t]\text. Cc file dng ring thng c t trong th mc lm vic.
C 3 file cu hnh h thng l Config.pro, Config.win v Color.map.
File Config.pro: l file text, ng k cc thng s mi trng c xc lp. V s thng
s nh vy rt nhiu, mi ln thit t rt mt cng v phin phc, nn vic ng k vo mt
file mi khi khi ng, Pro/E t ng np vo th rt tin li.
Mun sa i file Config.pro, t menu Utilities -> Preferences -> Edit. Mt hp thoi
xut hin nh trong hnh 2.8. Mt bng t kho c gi t menu Edit ca hp thoi cho php
ng k cc thng s mt cch d dng v ng c php.
Hp thoi Edit file Config.pro

File Config.win: Trong mc 2.2.2 trnh by th tc tu bin mn hnh ca Pro/E.
Nhng thit t c th c ghi li trong file Config.win. Trong file ny cng ghi li nhng
Mapkey do ngi dng nh ngha.
File Color.map dng ghi li nhng thit t v mu sc ca cc i tng. Th tc
thc hin vic ny s c trnh by mc sau.
2.3.5. t cc thng s ca m hnh
M hnh i din cho vt th trong th gii thc v c hnh thc biu hin ln nhng
phn ng ca chng trc tc ng c, l ca mi trng. Mong mun ca ngi dng l tnh
trung thc ca m hnh. kho st tnh cht c, l ca cc chi tit v c cu my, cc thng
tin v vt liu, hnh hc, chnh xc kch thc l quan trng nht. Ngoi ra mu sc, nh
sng cng gp phn tng tnh thc ca m hnh. Mun vo mi trng thit t cc thng s
hnh hc, c, l ca m hnh, chn Setup ca Menu Manager. Mt menu con s hin ra. Ni
dung ca menu s thay i tu theo ng dng c chn.
20
Trong hnh 2.9 l menu PART SETUP trong mi trng Part

Modeling. T y, chng ta c th quy nh cc thng s vt liu
(Material), chnh xc (Accuracy), h n v (Units), khi lng
ring (Density), cc thng s quy nh ring (Parameters), cc ch
gii (Notes), cc thuc tnh khi lng (Mass Props), h dung sai
(Tol Setup),...
Sau y trnh by cch thit t cc thuc tnh quan trng nht
ca m hnh.
Material
Vt liu c nh ngha cho chi tit ang hot ng trong mi
trng thit k.
1. Chn Setup -> Material. Menu con MATRL MGT xut
hin vi cc mc chon:
- Define: nh ngha vt liu mi.
- Delete: Xo mt vt liu nh ngha.
- Edit: Sa thng s vt liu nh ngha.
- Show: Hin danh sch vt liu.
- Write: Ghi vt liu ra file.
- Assign: Gn vt liu cho m hnh.
Menu Part setup
- Unassign: G vt liu khi m hnh.
Nu chn Define th mt khung file
d liu c m trong mi trng son tho
vn bn Notepad ca Windows, nh trong
hnh 2.10. Ngi dng phi g cc tham s
sau du "=".
Vt liu nh ngha c lu trong
d liu ca m hnh v ch c tc dng cho
m hnh hin c. Tuy nhin, mun vt liu
c tc dng phi gn n vo m hnh bng
cch chn mc Assign v quyt nh ly
ngun d liu From Part hay From File.
lu vt liu ra file dng chung th
chn Write v g tn file. Pro/E gn phn
m rng mc nh l .MAT.
Khung file vt liu
21
Units
H n v o l thng
s cn c quy nh trc
tin, v n nh hng n cc
thng s khc.
Mun quy nh n v
o:
- Chn Setup -> Units.
Hp thoi Units Manager
c m (hnh 2.11).
- Chn h n v thch
hp, xong nhn Set.
- Nhn OK trong bng
Warning.
- Nhn Close trong
Units Manager.
C th nh ngha mt
h n v mi bng phm
New.
Giao din nh ngha Units

Ngoi ra c th xo (Delete), sa (Edit), xem thng tin chi tit (Info) mt h n v c.
Tol Setup
Chn Setup -> Tol Setup chn h dung sai. Menu con TOL SETUP hin ra vi cc
mc chn:
- Standard- chn tiu chun dung sai ANSI hay ISO/DIN.
- Mode Class- chn cp chnh xc: tinh (Fine), th (Coarse), rt th (Very Coarse).
- Tol Tables- chn bng dung sai trong s: bng chung (General Dims), cnh gy
(Broken Edges), trc (Sharfts), l (Holes).
Geom Tol
Chn Setup -> Geom Tol nh ngha dung sai hnh hc. Menu con GEOM TOL xut
hin vi cc mc chn:
- Set Datum: t chun kch thc.
- Base Dim: Ch nh mt kch thc lm kch thc c s.
- Inspect Dim: Kim tra kch thc.
- Specify Tol: Xc nh dung sai.
Th tc nh ngha dung sai hnh hc nh sau:
22
1. Trong Menu Manager chn Setup -> Geom Tol.

2. Trong menu Geom Tol, chn Specify Tol, xut hin hp thoi Geometric Tolerance
nh hnh 2.12.
3. Chn kiu dung sai nh cc biu tng.
4. Trong th Datum Refs chn chun. Ch cc dung sai v tr tng quan, nh song
song, vung gc, o,... mi cn chun. Dung sai hnh dng khng cn.
5. Trong th Tol Value, xc nh gi tr dung sai.
6. Trong th Symbols chn k hiu b sung nu cn.
7. Trong th Model Refs, chn Model v Entity p dng dung sai.
8. Chn v tr t k hiu dung sai trong Placement.
Kt qu ghi dung sai trn m hnh nh trong hnh 2.12.
Mn hnh khi xc nh dung sai hnh hc

Model Color
Mc ny gii thiu th tc thay i mu hin th m hnh.
1. Vo menu View -> Model Setup -> Color Appearances. Xut hin hp thoi
Appearances nh hnh 2.13. Phn trn ca hp thoi hin cc mu mu c nh ngha
trong s mu. Phn gia l cc phm chn: Add (thm mu), Modify (hiu chnh mu), Save
(lu s mu ra file, tn mc nh l color.map). Append (ghi b sung s mu vo file),
Modify From Model (hiu chnh mu chn t m hnh).
23
Phn di hp thoi
(Set Object Appearace)
chn i tng v gn mu
(Set) hoc b gn mu
(Unset).
2. Chn Add thm
mu. Hp thoi Appearance
Editor xut hin (hnh 2.14).
3. Kch vo vung
(c mu chn), xut hin
tip hp thoi Color Editor
chn mu (hnh 2.15).
Phng php chn v pha
mu tng t nh trong
Paint ca Windows.
Hp thoi Appearances
nh ngha mu
Hp thoi Appearances
Editor
S mu sau khi thm

mu
Lights
Vo menu View -> Model Setup -> Lights, hin hp thoi Lights (hnh 2.17).
24
Hp thoi nh ngha n
T hp thoi ny c th bt, tt n v nh sng mi trng (Ambient), c th thm cc
loi n, quy nh v tr v cng chiu sng ca chng. Pro/E cho sn 1 n chiu song
song v nh sng mi trng nh trong hnh v.
To v s dng Layer
Layer (lp) c s dng ph bin trong CAD
2D. V s dng Layer phin phc nn nhiu phn
mm CAD 3D loi chng khi giao din ngi
dng. Pro/E vn s dng Layer phc v cho t chc
cc i tng hnh hc c th x l chng cng
nhau.
Pro/E quy nh mt Layer mc nh, khng th
sa i c. Ngi dng c th nh ngha cc Layer
ring, a vo cc i tng hnh hc tu . Mt
Layer c th c n, hin, c lp.
Mun lm vic vi Layer, vo menu View ->
Layer. Hp thoi Layer xut hin nh trong hnh
2.18.
Hp thoi Layers
T menu pha trn hp thoi hoc cc phm, c th to thm hoc xo Layer; hin v n
Layer v cc i tng cha trong ; thm hoc bt i tng trong Layer; tch bit hin
th ring mt Layer trong khi cc Layer khc b n. Phn gia ca hp thoi l danh sch dng
nhnh cy cc Layer v cc i tng cha trong mi Layer.
25
2.4.
Thc hnh cc thao tc n gin

kt thc phn ny, chng ta s thc hnh mt s thao tc n gin: m mt m hnh
c sn v iu khin cch hin th ca m hnh .
2.4.1. M mt m hnh
1. Vo menu File > Working Directory
nh th mc lm vic
hin hnh.
2. Vo menu File > Open. Hp thoi File
Open xut hin (hnh
2.19).
3. Xem thnh phn
ca hp thoi.
4. Kho st chc
nng cc phm trong hp
thoi.
5. So snh vi cu
to v chc nng trong
hp thoi tng t ca
Windows.
Hp thoi File Open
6. Dng thanh cng c qun l flie thc hin cc lnh tng t.
Thanh cng c chnh

2.4.2. Xem m hnh
1. Kho st cc chc nng Repaint, Zoom in, Zoom out, Refit, Orient, Saved Views trong
thanh cng c iu khin mn hnh (hnh 2.20).
2. Quan st biu hin ca m hnh khi bm, nh cc phm trn thanh cng c Hin m hnh.
3. Quan st biu hin ca m hnh khi bm, nh cc phm trn thanh cng c Hin datum.
4. Tm cc chc nng tng t trn thanh menu.
5. Dng chut:
Spin:
Ctrl + Shift + Phm tri
hoc
Ctrl + Phm gia.
Zoom:
Ctrl + Phm tri.
Pan:
Ctrl + Phm phi
26
Chng 3. Phc tho cc bin dng ...................................................................................26

3.1. Mi trng Phc tho......................................................................................................27
3.1.1. Cc khi nim ...........................................................................................................27

3.1.2. Khi to mt phc tho trong ch Sketcher ......................................................... 27
3.1.3. p ng mc ch thit k........................................................................................ 27
3.2. Intent Manager...................................................................................................................28
3.2.1. Phc tho vi Intent Manager ................................................................................... 28

3.2.2. Phc tho khng s dng Intent Manager ................................................................ 29
3.3. Phc tho cc thc th ..................................................................................................30
3.3.1.
3.3.2.
3.3.3.
3.3.4.
3.3.5.
3.3.6.
Point - im............................................................................................................... 30
Line - ng thng.................................................................................................... 30
Arc - cung trn.......................................................................................................... 31
Circle - ng trn.................................................................................................... 32
Rectang - hnh ch nht............................................................................................ 33
Cc thc th hnh hc nng cao ................................................................................ 33
3.4. Hiu chnh cc thc th..................................................................................................33
3.4.1.
3.4.2.
3.4.3.
3.4.4.
3.4.5.
3.4.6.
3.4.7.
Dynamic Trim........................................................................................................... 34
Trim .......................................................................................................................... 34
Divide ....................................................................................................................... 34
Mirror........................................................................................................................ 34
Use Edge................................................................................................................... 34
Offset Edge ............................................................................................................... 34
Move Entity .............................................................................................................. 34
3.5. Kch thc ..............................................................................................................................34
3.5.1.
3.5.2.
3.5.3.
3.5.4.
3.5.5.
3.5.6.
3.5.7.
3.5.8.
Kch thc thng....................................................................................................... 35

Kch thc trn ......................................................................................................... 35
Kch thc gc.......................................................................................................... 36
Kch thc chu vi...................................................................................................... 36
Kch thc to ......................................................................................................36
Kch thc tham chiu.............................................................................................. 37
Hiu chnh kch thc............................................................................................... 37
Kch thc quan h ................................................................................................... 38
3.6. Rng buc...............................................................................................................................39
3.6.1. To rng buc mi .................................................................................................... 40

3.6.2. Hiu chnh rng buc................................................................................................ 41
3.7. Cc h tr cho mi trng phc tho ...................................................................41
3.7.1. Cc chc nng iu khin hin th phc tho ........................................................... 41

3.7.2. Chc nng Sec Tools................................................................................................. 41
3.7.3. Chc nng Move ....................................................................................................... 42
3.8. Luyn tp.................................................................................................................................43
3.8.1. Bi tp 1. ................................................................................................................... 43
3.8.2. Bi tp 2. ................................................................................................................... 43
Chng 3. Phc tho cc bin dng

3.1. Mi trng Phc tho
3.1.1. Cc khi nim
Phc tho cc bin dng l mt k nng c bn trong Pro/Engineer. Cc feature nh
phn ko (Protrusion) hay phn ct (Cut) yu cu s dng mt phc tho xc nh bin
dng ca feature. Cc phn ca phc tho c kt hp vi cc kch thc, rng buc v tham
chiu hnh thnh mt bin dng. C hai loi bin dng, cc bin dng c s dng to
trc tip mt chi tit (trong mi trng Part) v cc mt ct c to trong ch Sketcher.
Cc thnh phn c to trong ch Sketcher c lu vi phn m rng file l *.sec. Khi
to mt feature trong ch Part, vic chn chc nng Save trong khi phc tho s lu bin
dng ch khng phi l feature c to.
Trong chng ny, chng ta ch yu quan tm n vic phc tho trong mi trng
Sketcher v cc k nng to bin dng. Cc k nng to bin dng l ging nhau cho c mi
trng Sketcher hay Part. Tuy nhin qu trnh phc tho trong ch Part c nhng c th
ring v s c cp n chng 4.
3.1.2. Khi to mt phc tho trong ch
Sketcher
khi to mt phc tho bin dng trong
ch Sketcher, dng chc nng New t menu
File hay nt cng c New gi hp thoi New
(hnh 3-1).
Trong hp thoi New, chn kiu Sketch v
cho tn ca bin dng vo Name, chn OK. Khi
mi trng phc tho sn sng cho php ta
bt u phc tho mt bin dng.
Hnh 3-1. Hp thoi New

3.1.3. p ng mc ch thit k
Mt bin dng trong Pro/Engineer c phc tho ban u ch cn c hnh dng gn
ng ch khng cn c kch thc chnh xc. N cch khc, thay v to chnh xc cc thnh
phn (vic ny thng i hi nhiu thi gian v cng sc), cc thc th hnh hc c phc
tho nh cch m ngi ta thng phc tho bng tay.
Tuy nhin, Pro/Engineer yu cu mt bin dng phi c xc nh mt cch y cc
yu t kch c, v tr v quan h trc khi tin hnh to lp cc feature. Mi trng phc tho
cung cp nhiu cng c phc tho v p ng cc mc ch thit k. Cc cng c sau
y dng p ng cc mc ch thit k.
Kch thc
L cng c chnh p ng cc mc ch thit k. Trong mt bin dng, kch thc
c s dng m t kch c v v tr ca cc thc th. Cc kch thc c th c gi tr c th
hoc l kch thc quan h (kch thc tham s), c m t bng cc phng trnh ton hc.
Rng buc
c s dng xc nh mi quan h gia cc thc th trong bin dng.
Tham chiu
Khi to mt feature, mt bin dng c th tham chiu cc feature hin c ca mt Part
hay Assembly. Cc phn tham chiu c th bao gm cc b mt ca cc feature, cnh hay
trc. Tuy nhin trong ch Sketcher, cc bin dng c to li khng th s dng cc tham
chiu ngoi.
Quan h
Khng ch cc kch thc c tham s ho bng cc phng trnh ton m mi quan h
gia cc kch thc cng c biu din bng cc phng trnh, bt phng trnh hay cc pht
biu iu kin. iu ny cho php mc ch thit k c p ng mt cch chnh xc v d
dng hn.
3.2. Intent Manager
T phin bn Pro/Engineer 2000i, xut hin mt chc nng hu hiu mi phc v cho
qu trnh phc tho v m hnh ha chi tit, l Intent Manager. Intent Manager c a
vo Pro/Engineer lm cho vic thc hin mt mc ch thit k tr nn d dng hn. N
c kch hot theo mc nh. Tuy nhin, p ng thi quen ca nhng ngi dng cc
phin bn trc ca Pro/Engineer, c th hy kch hot Intent Manager bng cch b du chn
trong Sketch>>Intent Manager hoc c th hy vnh vin trong xc lp file cu hnh.
3.2.1. Phc tho vi Intent Manager
c im
- Bin dng: c xc nh y . Mt bin dng phi c xc nh y cc kch
thc v rng buc trc khi c th dng n xy dng cc feature ca chi tit. Intent
Manager lun c gng xc nh y mt bin dng bng cch p dng cc kch thc v
rng buc trong sut tin trnh phc tho. Ngoi ra, Intent Manager khng cho php cc kch
thc v rng buc chng cho trong mt bin dng.
- Rng buc: Cc rng buc c p dng trong sut qu trnh phc tho. Ngoi ra, cc
rng buc cn c th c p dng bng chc nng Constraint v c loi b bng chc
nng Delete.
- Canh thng: Chc nng canh thng (Alignment) c Intent Manager thc hin t
ng trong qu trnh phc tho.
- Tham chiu: Intent Manager yu cu ngi dng xc nh cc c tnh tham chiu
trc khi phc tho cc thc th. Thng thng chc nng Specify Preferences c s dng
cho mc ch ny.
- Kch thc: Intent Manager p dng t ng cc kch thc sau khi kt thc mt chc
nng phc tho. Cc kch thc ban u do Intent Manager to ra th yu v c th c thay
th bng cc kch thc v/hoc cc rng buc khc do ngi dng t ty thuc vo mc
ch thit k. Chc nng Dimension s c dng thay i s nh kch thc.
Trnh t thao tc
Bc 1: Xc nh cc tham chiu. V tr ca mt bin dng c phc tho phi c
nh v tr tng ng vi cc c tnh hin c ca feature. Chc nng Specify Preferences
c s dng nhn bit cc tham chiu. Cc cnh ca feature, cc mt phng chun, nh
v trc c th c chn lm tham chiu.
Bc 2: Phc tho cc thc th hnh hc. Phc tho cc thc th hnh hc cho bin dng
bng cc cng c thch hp.
Bc 3: p dng cc kch thc v rng buc ph hp. Intent Manager s p dng cc
kch thc v cc rng buc mt cch t ng. Nhng kch thc v cc rng buc ny c
xem l yu v c th c thay bng cch to mt kch thc (chc nng Dimension) hay
rng buc mi (chc nng Constraint).
Bc 4: Chnh sa cc gi tr kch thc. Cc kch thc c Intent Manager p dng
t ng vi cc gi tr o c t phc tho. Cc gi tr ny thng gn ng vi yu cu ca
bin dng. Dng chc nng Modify chnh sa li gi tr cc kch thc hin c cho chnh
xc vi cc yu cu thit k. Khng c ti to li (chc nng Regenerate) bin dng n
khi tt c cc gi tr kch thc c chnh sa.
Bc 5: Thm cc quan h kch thc (ty ). Nu cn thit, c th to cc kch thc
quan h bng chc nng Sketch>>Relation>>Add.
3.2.2. Phc tho khng s dng Intent Manager
c im
- Cc rng buc s c p dng sau khi ti to li v c da vo cc gi nh do
Pro/Engineer p dng.
- Cc kch thc phi c gn bng tay bi ngi dng.
- Cc tham chiu c to bng cch s dng chc nng Alignment hoc bng cch nh
kch thc sang cnh ca mt bin dng hin c.
- Ngi dng phi t xc nh cc y cc yu t bin dng p ng c yu cu
thit k.
Trnh t thao tc
Bc 1: Phc tho cc thc th hnh hc. Phc tho cc thc th hnh hc cho bin dng
bng cc cng c thch hp.
Bc 2: Canh thng cc thc th phc tho vi hnh hin c (ty ), dng chc nng
Alignment.
Bc 3: nh kch thc cho bin dng, dng chc nng Dimension.
Bc 4: Ti to li bin dng, dng chc nng Regenerate. Sau khi thc hin chc nng
ny, nu mt bin dng c n nh y , s c thng bo "Section regenerate
successfully" trong vng thng bo.
Nu mt bin dng cha c xc nh y (khng c thng bo trn), hy thm cc
kch thc b xung v/hoc cc canh thng.
Bc 5: Chnh sa cc gi tr kch thc. Dng chc nng Modify chnh sa li gi
tr cc kch thc hin c cho chnh xc vi cc yu cu thit k.
Bc 6: Ti to li bin dng. Dng chc nng Regenerate ti to li bin dng theo
cc gi tr kch thc c chnh sa.
Bc 7: Thm cc quan h kch thc (ty ). Nu cn thit, c th to cc kch thc
quan h bng chc nng Sketch>>Relation>>Add. Sau ti to li bin dng.
3.3. Phc tho cc thc th
Mi trng phc tho ca Pro/Engineer cung cp nhiu chc nng khc nhau phc
tho cc thc th hai chiu (2D entity). Cc chc nng ny cng tng t nh cc chc nng
to cc thc th hai chiu thng c cc phn mm CAD khc. Cc chc nng phc tho
cc thc th nm trong menu Sketcher>>Sketch.
3.3.1. Point - im
Chc nng Point dng
v cc im.
3.3.2. Line - ng thng
Chc
nng
Line
(Sketch>>Line) dng to
cc ng thng. C 2 ty
chn trong chc nng ny
(hnh 3-2).
Hnh 3-2. Menu Sketch>>Line v cc thc th ng thng

Geometry - cc phn on thng ni tip
Ty chn ny to lp cc on thng qua 2 im u mt (im u v im cui) ca
on thng . Sau khi v xong phn on u tin, cu lnh s tip tc vi li nhc cho vo
im cui ca phn on k tip cho php v cc on thng ni tip nhau. Kt thc lnh bng
nt gia chut (hoc Shift+nt tri).
Nu dng tu chn 2 Tangent th s to mt on thng tip tuyn vi 2 thc th trn
xc nh.
Centerline - ng tm
Ty chn ny dng to cc ng tm, v d nh trc quay ca mt feature c
quay. Ty chn ny yu cu xc nh 2 im trn ng tm. Hai im ny c th l 2 im
bt k (tu chn 2 points) hoc 2 im tip tuyn vi 2 ng cong (tu chn 2 Tangent).
3.3.3. Arc - cung trn

Chc nng Arc (Sketch>>Arc) dng to cc cung trn. C nhiu ty chn cho php
to cung trn theo cc cch khc nhau (hnh 3-3).
Hnh 3-3. Menu Sketch>>Arc v cc thc th cung trn

Tangent End - cung trn c im cui tip tuyn
Ty chn ny to mt cung tip tuyn vi mt thc th hin c ti im cui ca n.
im cui th nht ca cung hay c 2 im cui u c th c chn lm im tip xc.
Ngi dng s c yu cu chn (cc) im tip xc trn cc i tng hin c.
Concentric - cung trn ng tm
Ty chn ny to mt cung trn ng tm vi mt cung hay ng trn hin c. Ngi
dng s c yu cu chn cung hay ng trn hin c, sau xc nh im u v cui
ca cung mun to.
3 Tangent - cung trn tip tuyn vi 3 thc th
Tu chn y to mt cung trn tip tuyn vi 3 thc th c chn. im u v cui
ca cung s l cc im tip tuyn vi cc thc th c chn u tin v sau cng.
Fillet - phn bo trn gia 2 i tng
Ty chn ny to phn bo trn gia 2 thc th c chn. Bn knh ca phn bo trn s
c t ng xc nh da trn v tr ca im chn.
Center/Ends - cung trn bit tm v cc im u mt
Ty chn ny to cung trn khi bit im tm v cc im u mt ca cung. Ngi
dng s c yu cu xc nh im tm v sau l 2 im u mt ca cung.
3 Point - cung trn qua 3 im
Ty chn ny to mt cung trn i qua 3 im. Ngi dng c yu cu xc nh im
u, im cui v sau xc nh mt im th ba trn cung mun to.
3.3.4. Circle - ng trn

Chc nng Circle (Sketch>>Circle) dng to cc ng trn. C th to cc ng
trn l cc thc th hnh hc (chn Circle Type l Geometry) hoc ng trn l ng dng
hnh - construction (chn Circle l Construction). ng trn loi no th cng c to
bng mt trong cc phng php sau (hnh 3-4).
Hnh 3-4. Menu Sketch>>Circle v cc thc th ng trn

Center/Point - ng trn bit tm v mt im trn chu vi
Ty chn ny yu cu xc nh im tm ca ng trn v sau xc nh mt im
trn chu vi.
Concentric - ng trn ng tm
Ty chn ny dng to mt ng trn ng tm vi mt vi mt cung hay ng
trn hin c. ng trn tham chiu c th l mt thc th phc tho hay mt thc th c
tham chiu t mt bin dng hin c ca mt feature. Sau khi chn ng trn tham chiu,
ngi dng s c yu cu xc nh mt im trn chu vi ca ng trn mun to.
3 Tangent - ng trn tip tuyn vi 3 thc th
Tu chn ny to ng trn tip tuyn vi 3 thc th c chn.
Fillet
Tu chn ny to ng trn tip tuyn vi 2 thc th c chn.
3 Point
Tu chn ny to ng trn i qua 3 im xc nh.
3.3.5. Rectang - hnh ch nht

Chc nng Rectang (Sketch>>Rectang) dng to mt hnh ch nht, bao gm 4
phn on thng. Cc phn on thng ny c cc rng buc to thnh mt hnh ch nht
nhng vn l cc thc th ring bit.
Ngi dng s c yu cu xc nh mt nh ca hnh ch nht v sau xc nh
nh i din.
3.3.6. Cc thc th hnh hc nng cao
Conic - cung trn dng nn
Ty chn ny ging nh ty chn "3 point" ca chc nng v cung trn
nhng trong trng hp ny im th ba l im vai (shuolder point) ca tit
din.
Elliptic Fillet - bo trn dng e-lip
Tu chn ny tng t nh ty chn to bo trn (Fillet) ca chc nng
Arc. Tuy nhin ng cong to ra s c dng cung e-lip.
Ellipse - ng cong e-lip
Ty chn ny to mt ng cong e-lip bng cch trc tin chn im tm ca e-lip
sau chn 1 im lm gc ca hnh ch nht bao quanh e-lip.
Spline - ng cong trn
Tu chn ny dng to mt ng cong c bn knh thay i chy qua nhiu im
iu khin.
Text - ch vit
Chc nng Text (Sketch>>Text) c dng to cc dng ch. Text c th c s
dng trong cc feature c ko nh Protrusion, Cut hay Costmetric. Thc hin cc bc sau
y to text.
1. Gi chc nng to text: Sketch>>Adv Geometry>>Text
2. Nhp chui text trong nhp, ENTER kt thc nhp
3. Xc nh mt vng hinh ch nht chn text. Kch thc ca hnh ch nht ny s
xc nh ln ca ch.
Axis Point - im trc
Chc nng Axis Point (Sketch>> Axis Point) dng to cc im trc. Trong mt mi
trng phc tho c ko, cc im trc sau s tr thnh cc ng trc.
3.4. Hiu chnh cc thc th
Cc cng c hiu chnh cc thc th phc tho gip cho qu trnh phc tho cc bin
dng c nhanh chng, thun tin v chnh xc. Cc chc nng ny nm trong menu
Sketcher>>Geom Tool.
3.4.1. Dynamic Trim

Chc nng ny xn mt thc th chn sang mt im nh gn nht ca n.
3.4.2. Trim
Chc nng Trim xn 2 thc th chn ti giao im ca chng. Phn c gi li l
phn m ngi dng kch chut chn thc th.
3.4.3. Divide
Chc nng ny chia mt thc th thnh 2 thc th ring bit ni tip nhau. Thc th s
c chia ti im chn.
3.4.4. Mirror
Chc nng Mirror to i xng cc thc th c chn qua mt ng tm c chn.
Ngi dng trc tin c yu cu chn cc thc th gc i xng. chn nhiu thc
th cng lc th gi phm Shift trong qu trnh chn. Sau chn ng tm to i xng
3.4.5. Use Edge
Chc nng Use Edge to hnh hc phc tho t cc cnh ca mt feature hin c. Cc
cnh ca feature c chn c chiu ln trn mt phng phc tho di dng cc thc th
phc tho. Ni cch khc, cc cnh c chn khng nht thit phi nm trn hoc song song
vi mt phng phc tho. Khi cc thc th c chiu ln trn cc mt phng phc tho, chng
c th c xn, chia hay bo trn.
3.4.6. Offset Edge
Chc nng ny tng t nh chc nng Use Edge, tc l dng cc cnh ca mt feature
hin c to mt phc tho. Tuy nhin, trong trng hp ny cc cnh c chn s b offset
theo gi tr do ngi dng nhp vo to thnh mt phc tho mi.
Ghi ch: cc chc nng Use Edge v Offset Edge ch c thc hin khi phc tho trong
mi trng Part hoc Assembly.
3.4.7. Move Entity
Tu chn ny cho php dch chuyn cc thc th phc tho, bao gm dch chuyn c
thc th, dch chuyn cc nh ca thc th hay dch chuyn cc kch thc. Tuy nhin vi tu
chn ny, ch cc thc th n l c dch chuyn (cc thc th c lin quan khng c
dch chuyn theo).
3.5. Kch thc
Kch thc c dng xc nh kch c v v tr ca bin dng. Khi phc tho cc
bin dng vi Intent Manager, cc kch thc c t ng thit lp trong sut qu trnh
phc tho cc thc th. Tuy nhin sau ngi dng vn c th thay i, thm bt cc kch
thc ph hp vi mc ch thit k. Khi khng dng Intent Manager, sau khi phc tho
c thc th, ngi dng phi tin hnh thit lp cc kch thc bng tay. Tt c cc cng vic
thit lp cc kch thc ni trn u c thc hin thng qua chc nng Dimension.
Cc loi kch thc c bn c Pro/Engineer cung cp thng qua chc nng

Dimension nh kch thc thng, kch thc trn v kch thc gc. Sau khi chn chc nng
ghi kch thc thng thng (Sketch>>Dimension>>Normal), ty thuc vo thc th c
chn v trnh t thc hin m cc kch thc tng ng s c ghi.
Ngoi ra, cc kch thc nh chu vi (perimeter) v to v tham chiu (reference)
cng c cung cp trong chc nng Dimension.
3.5.1. Kch thc thng
Kch thc thng c s dng biu din chiu di ca mt on thng hay khong
cch gia hai thc th.
Chiu di ca on thng
- Chn on thng cn ghi: kch nt chut tri vo on thng
- nh v tr kch thc: di chut n v tr mong mun, kch nt chut gia (hoc Shift +
nt chut tri).
Khong cch gia 2 thc th
Khong cch gia 2 thc th c th c nh kch thc l:
- khong cch gia 2 ng thng song song,
- khong cch gia mt ng thng v mt im.
C hai trng hp ny u c tin hnh theo trnh t sau:
- Chn ln lt cc thc th: kch nt chut tri vo cc thc th mun chn.
nt chut tri).
Gia 2 im
- Chn ln lt cc im: kch nt chut tri vo cc im mun chn.
- Chn hng kch thc: chn dng kch thc ngang, dc hay xin t menu
nt chut tri).
3.5.2. Kch thc trn
Chc nng Dimension cho php ghi kch thc trn (ng knh v bn knh) cho cc
thc th l cung trn v ng trn. Hnh 3- biu din cc kch thc ng knh v bn knh
c to bi chc nng Dimension trong Pro/Engineer.
Kch thc bn knh
Kch thc bn knh l khong cch t tm ca mt cung hay mt ng trn n chu vi
ca thc th. nh kch thc dng bn knh, tin hnh theo cc bc sau:
- Chn thc th cn ghi kch thc bn knh: kch nt chut tri vo thc th mun chn.
nt chut tri).
Kch thc ng knh

Kch thc ng knh l khong cch ln nht qua mt cung trn. nh kch thc
dng ng knh, tin hnh theo cc bc sau:
- Chn thc th cn ghi kch thc ng knh 2 ln: kch nt chut tri vo thc th
mun chn, sau lm li mt ln na. Lu l ln kch chut th 2 khng nht thit phi i
xng vi ln th nht qua tm, nhng phi trn thc th mun chn.
nt chut tri).
3.5.3. Kch thc gc
Kch thc gc c ghi bi chc nng Dimension c 2 dng: kch thc gc gia 2
ng thng v kch thc gc ca mt cung trn.
Kch thc gc gia 2 on thng
- Chn 2 on thng mun ghi kch thc gc bng nt chut tri.
- nh v tr ca kch thc bng nt chut gia (hoc Shift + nt chut tri). V tr t
kch thc s xc nh vic mt gc t hay gc nhn s c ghi.
Kch thc gc ca mt cung trn
- Chn 2 im u mt ca cung cn ghi bng nt chut tri.
- Chn cung cn ghi kch thc gc bng nt chut tri.
- nh v tr ca kch thc bng nt chut gia (hoc Shift + nt chut tri).
3.5.4. Kch thc chu vi
Tu chn Perimeter ca chc nng Dimension o chu vi ca mt vng hay mt chui
cc thc th. V gi tr kch thc ca mt chu vi c th c thay i, n yu cu phi xc
nh mt kch thc bin i - hay cn gi l kch thc b. Khi gi tr ca kch thc chu vi
b chnh sa, th s thay i y c p dng vo kch thc bin i. Kch thc bin i
khng th c chnh sa.
Trnh t to lp mt kch thc chu vi.
- Gi chc nng ghi kch thc chu vi: Sketcher>>Dimension>>Perimeter
- Chn kch thc u tin ca dy, sau chn kch thc cui cng ca dy. Nu l
dy kn th ch cn chn 1 thc th bt k trong dy sau chn Done Sel.
- Chn kch thc bin i.
3.5.5. Kch thc to
Pro/Engineer cung cp 1 tu chn ghi cc kch thc to . Kiu kch thc ny i
hi phi c mt kch thc c s c to trc n.
To kch thc c s
- Gi tu chn kch thc c s: Sketcher>>Dimension>>Baseline
- Chn thc th lm ng c s.
- Chn v tr ca kch thc ng c s.
To kch thc to
- Gi tu chn ghi kch thcthng thng:
Sketcher>>Dimension>>Normal
- Chn gi tr s ca kch thc ng c s.
- Chn thc th cn ghi kch thc to .
- Xc nh v tr t kch thc to .
3.5.6. Kch thc tham chiu
Cc kch thc tham chiu c s dng
kch thc c s
xc nh kch c v v tr ca ca mt thc th nhng
gi tr ca chng li khng th c chnh sa. Cc kch thc tham chiu khng ng mt
vai tr trong vic xc nh feature.
Lnh: Sketcher>>Dimension>>Reference
3.5.7. Hiu chnh kch thc
Cc kch thc do Intent Manager t ng to ra trong qu trnh phc tho th c coi
l yu (weak dimension). Cc kch thc ny khng th b xo bng chc nng Delete m ch
c th c lm mnh ln (Strengthen) hoc c thay th bng mt kch thc v/hoc rng
buc khc.
Lm mnh mt kch thc
- Gi chc nng Sketcher>>Dimension>>Strengthen
- Chn cc kch thc mun lm mnh
Thay th cc kch thc yu bng cc kch thc mnh v/hoc cc rng buc
- Gn cc kch thc hoc rng buc mong mun bng cc chc nng tng ng.
- Cc kch thc yu s t ng c thay th.
Xo b mt kch thc
Mt kch thc mnh c th c xo bng chc nng Delete. Sau khi mt kch thc b
xo, nu Intent Manager ang c kch hot th cc kch thc hoc rng buc cn thit s
c t ng b xung.
Hiu chnh gi tr ca kch thc
Cc kch thc c ghi t ng bng Intent Manager hay cc kch thc do ngi dng
ghi bng tay u th hin kch thc thc ca thc th. cc thc th c kch c v v tr
ng nh mc ch thit k, cn phi hiu chnh li gi tr cc kch thc. Trnh t hiu chnh
gi tr mt kch thc nh sau:
- Gi chc nng Sketcher>>Modify.
- Chn kch thc cn thay i gi tr bng cch kch nt chut tri vo ch s kch
thc mun thay i.
- Nhp gi tr mi trong nhp v n ENTER.
Sau khi hiu chnh gi tr kch thc, nu phc tho khng t ng cp nht th dng
chc nng Sketcher>>Regenerate cp nht. Mt kch thc yu sau khi c hiu chnh
gi tr s tr thnh mt kch thc mnh.
3.5.8. Kch thc quan h
Kch thc quan h l s biu din mt kch thc thng qua mi quan h ton hc vi
cc kch thc khc trong mt phc tho. N cho php tham s ho cc kch thc v do
tham s ho cc chi tit c to.
Trong Pro/Engineer, mi kch thc c mt gi tr v mt k hiu i km vi n. Khi
chuyn sang chc nng Relation (Sketch>>Relation), cc kch thc ca bin dng c
chuyn t dng gi tr sang dng k hiu (hnh 3-5). K hiu kch thc c s dng trong
mt phng trnh quan h thit lp mt mi quan h kch thc. C 2 loi quan h kch
thc: bng v tng ng.
Mt mi quan h bng yu cu 1 phng trnh i s, v d nh cc mi quan h sau:
sd3=sd1
sd4=(sd1/2)*(sd2+sd3)
sd5=sd4*sqrt(sd2)
Mt mi quan h tng ng c th l mt bt phng trnh i s hay mt cu pht
biu iu kin, v d nh cc mi quan h sau:
sd1<sd2
(sd1+sd2)>=2*(sd3+sd4)
if sd1>=sd2
then sd3=sd1
quit
endif
Cc tu chn sau y trong chc nng Relation (Sketch>>Relation) cho php to lp,
xem hoc sa i cc mi quan h kch thc.
Add - to mi mt kch thc quan h
- Nhp phng trnh quan h vo hp nhp. Nu l pht biu iu kin th nhp tng
dng mt, sau mi dng n ENTER.
- n ENTER vi hp nhp trng thot tu chn ny.
Edit Rel - hiu chnh cc kch thc quan h
Tu chn ny m ra mt ca s hiu chnh, cho php ngi dng hiu chnh (thm, bt,
thay i) cc quan h thit lp trc .
Show Rel - Xem cc kch thc quan h c
Tu chn ny hin th cc mi quan h c thit lp trong mt ca s ring cng vi
cc nh gi v kt qu.
Evaluate - nh gi cc mi quan h
Cho php ngi dng nhp vo mt mi quan h trong hp nhp v hin th kt qu sau
khi n ENTER.
Hnh 3-5. Menu Relation, kch thc dng k hiu v vic nhp phng trnh quan h
Sort Rel - Sp xp cc mi quan h
Switch Dim - Chuyn i s hin th dng kch thc (gi tr - k hiu)
User Prog - Lp trnh bng ngn ng C
3.6. Rng buc
Cc rng buc (constraint) c s dng cng vi kch thc p ng mc ch thit
k. Mt rng buc l mt quan h hnh hc ca mt thc th vi h to hoc vi rng buc
khc trong phc tho. Cc v d v rng buc nh mt ng thng nm theo phng thng
ng hay nm ngang, hai ng thng song song vi nhau, hai cung trn c bn knh bng
nhau,...v.v.
Nu phc tho trong ch Intent Manager, cc rng buc s c t ng gn cho cc
thc th khi n nm trong khong dung sai c n nh trc. Trong ch ny, khi
ngi dng ang phc tho cc thc th, cc rng buc s hin th gip cho qu trnh phc
tho c nhanh chng v thun tin. Nu phc tho vi Intent Manager khng c kch
hot, ngi dng sau s phi gn cc rng buc bng tay. Trong qu trnh phc tho, vic
gn cc rng buc bng tay cng c thc hin k c c dng Intent Manager thay th cc
kch thc hay cc rng buc yu khc.
Cc rng buc c xem l yu hay mnh tu thuc vo cch n c to. Cc rng
buc c to bi Intent Manager trong sut qu trnh phc tho th yu v c th c thay
th bng cc rng buc hoc kch thc khc do ngi dng thc hin bng tay. Cc rng
buc c thc hin bng chc nng Constraint th mnh v vn nm yn trn phc tho tr
khi b xo bng chc nng Delete.
Hnh 3-6. Menu Constraint v cc kiu rng buc

3.6.1. To rng buc mi
to mt rng buc mi chn Sketcher>>Constraint>>Create>>rng buc. Sau
xc nh cc thc th cn gn rng buc .
Bng sau trnh by cc rng buc c cung cp gn cho cc thc th.
Bng 3-1. Cc rng buc dng trong phc tho bin dng
Rng buc
K hiu
Cng dng
Same point
rng buc cc im trng nhau
Horizontal
rng buc 1 ng thng theo phng ngang
Vertical
rng buc 1 ng thng theo phng thng ng
Point on entity
rng buc mt im trn mt thc th c chn
Tangent
rng buc 2 thc th tip tuyn nhau
Perpendicular
rng buc 2 thc th vung gc nhau
Parallel
//
rng buc 2 thc th song song nhau
Equal Radii
rng buc 2 thc th trn c cng bn knh
Equal Lenghts
rng buc 2 thc th c cng di
Symetric
rng buc 2 thc th i xng nhau
Line up horizontal
rng buc 2 nh theo phng ngang
Line up vertical
rng buc 2 nh theo phng thng ng
Collinear
rng buc 2 on thng cng nn trn 1 ng thng
Alignment
rng buc 2 thc th thng hng vi nhau
3.6.2. Hiu chnh rng buc

Xem mt rng buc
Dng tu chn Sketcher>>Constraint>>Explain v chn rng buc mun xem.
Lm mnh mt rng buc yu
Dng tu chn Sketcher>>Constraint>>Strengthen v chn rng buc mun lm
mnh.
Xo mt rng buc
Dng chc nng Sketcher>>Delete v chn rng buc mun xo.
3.7. Cc h tr cho mi trng phc tho
3.7.1. Cc chc nng iu khin hin th phc tho
Trong mi trng phc tho, mt s biu tng chc nng b xung vo thanh cng c
(hnh 3-7). Cc chc nng ny qun l vic hin th phc tho v cc thnh phn ca n.
Undo
Redo
Dimension
Display
Constraint
Display
Grid
Display
Vertex
Display
Hnh 3-7. Cc chc nng iu khin hin th phc tho

Undo v Redo
Biu tng Undo s hu b tc dng ca chc nng va thc hin trong khi biu tng
Redo s thc hin li mt chc nng b hu bng biu tng Undo.
Dimension Display
iu khin hin th cc kch thc trong mi trng phc tho.
Constraint Display
iu khin hin th cc rng buc trong mi trng phc tho.
Grid Display
iu khin hin th li trong mi trng phc tho.
Vertex Display
iu khin hin th cc nh ca cc thc th trong mi trng phc tho.
3.7.2. Chc nng Sec Tools
Chc nng ny cung cp cc cng c h tr cho mi trng phc tho. Mt s tu chn
chnh ca n bao gm.
Place Section - chn mt bin dng c vo mi trng phc tho hin thi
- Chn bin dng cn chn thng qua hp thoi Open.
- Trong trng hp chn mt bin dng vo mt mi trng phc tho mi (cha c mt
thc th no) th sau khi chn bin dng t hp thoi Open, n s c chn ngay vo mi
trng phc tho hin thi m khng yu cu vic xc nh t l, gc quay hay im chn.
- Nu mi trng phc tho hin thi c mt s thc th c to lp th cc bc
tip theo phi lm l:
+ Nhp vo gc quay trong nhp
+ Chn 2 im thuc thc th trn bin dng mun chn, mt im l im gc, v im
th hai l im chn.
+ Xc nh im chn cho bin dng trong mi trng phc tho hin thi.
Sec Environ - Thit lp mi trng phc tho
Tu chn ny thit lp mi trng phc tho, bao gm:
+ iu khin vic hin th kch thc, rng buc, nh, li (nh phn 3.6.1).
+ chnh xc v s ch s thp phn c hin th.
+ Cc tu chn khc v li nh:
Type - kiu li: Cartesian v Polar
Origin - nh li gc li: chn 1 im trn 1 thc th lm gc li
Params - cc tham s v khong cch li theo cc trc ngang, dc v gc.
Sec Info
Tu chn ny cho php tra cu cc thng tin v cc thc th v cc thng tin khc trong
mi trng phc tho.
Entity - tra cu thng tin v thc th
Intersect Pt - tm im giao nhau
Tangent - tm im giao nhau
Angle - o gc
Distance - o khong cch
3.7.3. Chc nng Move
Chc nng Sketcher>>Move dng dch chuyn mt hoc mt nhm thc th trong
mi trng phc tho. Ngi dng c yu cu chn mt nh, mt tm hay c thc th
dch chuyn. im khc bit y l khi mt thc th b dch chuyn th cc thc th khc
trong bin dng cng b dch chuyn hoc thay i theo trong khi vn m bo cc rng buc.
3.8. Luyn tp
3.8.1. Bi tp 1.
To cc bin dng sau (hnh 3-8 n 3-12) trong mi trng phc tho vi Intent
Manager. Yu cu cc bin dng phi p ng ng cc kch thc v rng buc nh th hin
trong hnh v.
3.8.2. Bi tp 2.
Vi cc phc tho to trong bi tp 1, a vo cc kch thc quan h m bo cho
cc bin dng lun gi c hnh dng nh hnh v.
Hnh 3-8. Ch03_BT01
Hnh 3-9. Ch03_BT02

Hnh 3-10.
Ch03_BT03
Hnh 3-11.
Ch03_BT04
Hnh 3-12.
Ch03_BT05
Chng 4. To cc feature ko
4.1. To lp m hnh da vo feature
Cc m hnh Pro/Engineer l cc m hnh tham s v c to lp t cc feature. Mt
feature l mt thnh phn con ca mt chi tit c cc tham s, tham chiu v bin dng ring
ca n. Cc feature c bn to lp cc chi tit thng c pht trin t cc bin dng. Cc
php pht trin thng gp nh ko, xoay hay qut. Qu trnh to lp mt m hnh c th
hin qua s trn hnh 4-1. Hnh 4-2 m t mt m hnh vi cc feature thnh phn.
cc thc
th (entity)
cc thc
th (entity)
phc tho
phc tho
bin dng
(profile 1)
bin dng
(profile k)
m hnh
cc php
pht trin
feature 1
cc php
pht trin
feature k
cc feature khng
dng profile
Hnh 4-1. Qui trnh to lp m hnh da vo cc feature
Hnh 4-2. Mt m hnh vi cc feature thnh phn

Cc feature c pht trin t cc phc tho gm c cc bin dng phc tho c ko
hay c ct hnh thnh khong trng dng hay m. Cc tham s l cc gi tr kch thc,
cc tham chiu v cc rng buc ca ring cc feature hay ca cc feature vi nhau. Vic to
lp m hnh tham s cho php ngi dng chnh sa cc tham s sau khi cc feature c
lp m hnh. y l im khc bit chnh ca vic lp m hnh tham s v m hnh da trn
cc php ton t hp.
44
4.1.1. Quan h gia cc feature trong m hnh

Mt m hnh tham s bao gm cc feature thit lp cc mi quan h. Cc feature
c to da vo cc feature khc theo mt cch ging nh mt cy gia ph v quan h ca
chng tr thnh quan h cha-con. Tuy nhin, khng ging nh cy ph h in hnh, mt
feature con c th c nhiu feature cha.
Mi quan h cha-con c th c thit lp gia cc feature mt cch gin tip hoc trc
tip. Cc mi quan h gin tip l cc mi quan h gia cc kch thc thng qua chc nng
Relations. Trong quan h ny, mt kch thc b iu khin bi mt hay nhiu kch thc
khc. Feature c kch thc iu khin l feature cha ca feature c kch thc b iu khin.
Cc mi quan h trc tip c to khi mt feature c dng cu to mt feature
khc. V d nh mt mt phng ca mt feature c dng lm mt phng phc tho cho mt
feature khc. Feature mi s tr thnh con ca feature c phc tho trn .
4.1.2. Cc feature u tin
Mt m hnh Pro/Engineer gm c cc feature. Vic xc nh feature no l feature u
tin hay feature c s ca mt chi tit s l mt quyt nh quan trng. Cc feature sau y c
th c dng lm feature c s v phi c to lp trc khi c th to lp bt k feature
no khc ca m hnh.
Mt phng chun (Datum plan)
Cc mt phng chun l cc feature u tin c ngh cho mt chi tit mi.
Pro/Engineer cung cp mt chc nng to mt tp hp cc mt phng chun mc nh. Cc
mt phng chun mc nh ca Pro/Engineer l cc mt phng cc vung gc nhau, bao
gm cc mt phng TOP (mt phng XY), FRONT (mt phng XZ) v RIGHT (mt phng
YZ).
Phn ko (Protrusion)
Chc nng Protrusion to mt feature khong trng dng, ngha l n c th to c
mt feature c s t c th to cc feature khc. Cc feature c th l cc feature c
ko, quay hay qut mt bin dng.
Mt feature chn t ngoi vo (inserted feature)
Mt feature hin c ang c lu c th c chn vo mi trng to lp m hnh
tr thnh feature u tin.
4.1.3. Cc bc to lp mt feature c dng bin dng
Bc 1. Chn phng php to feature.
Tu thuc vo hnh dng ca feature m s c phng php to thch hp. i vi
feature u tin ca chi tit, cc cng c to b gii hn.
Bc 2. Thit lp mt phng phc tho
Mt mt phng dng phc tho bin dng phi c xc nh. ng thi cc tham
chiu dng ln kch thc cho bin dng cng phi c xc nh.
45
Bc 3. Phc tho bin dng ca feature

Tin hnh phc tho bin dng m bo mc ch thit k.
Bc 4. Pht trin bin dng thnh feature
Tu thuc vo phng php to bin dng c chn m bc ny ngi dng phi
xc nh cc thng s tng ng pht trin bin dng thnh feature.
4.2. Cc phn ko v phn ct
Cc th tc thc hin mt phn ko (Protrusion) v phn ct (Cut) trong
Pro/Engineer gn nh hon ton ging ht nhau. im khc bit chnh gia lnh Protrusion v
Cut l im mt phn ko l mt feature khong trng dng, trong khi mt phn ct l mt
feature khong trng m. Cc tu chn c trnh by sau y l ging nhau cho c 2 lnh.
4.2.1. Cc php pht trin bin dng thnh feature
Extrude - php ko
Tu chn ny pht trin mt bin dng dc theo mt qu o thng. Ngi dng to bin
dng trong mi trng phc tho v sau cung cp chiu su ko. Bin dng s c ko
theo phng vung gc vi mt phng phc tho vi chiu su m ngi dng nhp vo.
Revolve - php xoay
Tu chn Revolve xoay mt bin dng quanh mt ng tm. Ngi dng phc tho
mt bin dng ca feature xoay v to mt ng tm xoay quanh n. Sau gc xoay
c yu cu xoay.
Sweep - php qut
Tu chn Sweep qut mt bin dng dc theo mt qu o do ngi dng phc tho.
Ngi dng phc tho c qu o v bin dng.
Blend - php pht trin hn hp
Tu chn Blend ni hai hay nhiu bin dng, qu o c th thng hoc xoay.
Hnh 4-3. Cc php to lp feature c bn

46
Use Quilt - to feature t cc b mt

Tu chn ny to feature t cc b mt (surface) v cc ng bao ca n.
Advanced - cc tu chn nng cao
Bao gm cc tu chn pht trin feature nng cao nh VarSecSweep, SweptBlend,
Helical Sweep,...
4.2.2. Feature c v mng
Khi to mt phn ko hay phn ct, Pro/Engineer cung cp cc tu chn chn feature
c (Solid) hay feature mng (Thin). Khi bin dng c ko di dng mt feature c,
feature to thnh l mt khi c. Khi bin dng c ko di dng mt feature mng, cc
vch ca bin dng c ko ch vi b dy tng c cung cp bi ngi dng.
Cc feature mng c th c s dng vi tt c cc tu chn extrude, revolve, sweep
hay blend ca cc lnh Protrusion v Cut. Cc v d v feature c v mng c ch ra hnh
4-4.
Hnh 4-4. Cc feature c v mng

4.2.3. Hng ko
Pro/Engineer lun xc nh mt hng ko theo mc nh. Khi phc tho trn mt mt
phng chun, hng ko l hng dng. Khi phc tho trn mt b mt phng ca mt
feature hin c, mt phn ko s c ko ra xa khi feature trong khi mt phn ct s c
ko hng n feature. Ngi dng c th chp nhn hoc thay i hng ko mc nh do
Pro/Engineer ngh.
Hng ko cng c th pht trin v mt pha (One Side) hoc v c hai pha (Both
sides) tu thuc tng chc nng.
4.2.4. Chiu su ko
Sau khi bin dng c hon thin, chiu su ko phi c xc nh.
Cc tu chn sau cung cp cc cch xc nh chiu su ko cho mt
feature.
Blind - nhp khong cch ko
2 Side Blind - nhp chiu su ring bit cho c 2 pha ko
Thru Next - ko n khi gp b mt u tin ca feature k tip
47
Thru All - ko qua ton b chi tit. Thng dng to cc hc, l sut.
Thru Until - ko n mt b mt ca mt feature do ngi dng xc nh.
UpTo Pnt/Vtx - ko n mt im chun hay mt nh c chn.
UpTo Curve - ko n mt cnh, trc hay ng cong chun
UpTo Surface - ko n mt b mt c chn
4.2.5. Bin dng h v kn
Cc bin dng ko c th c phc tho theo dng h hay kn. Ngoi tr mt feature c
s, nhiu bin dng to mt phn ko hay phn ct c th l mt bin dng h. Cc hng
dn sau y gip ngi dng quyt nh phc tho mt bin dng kn hay h.
Khi phc tho mt bin dng c canh thng vi cc cnh ca mt feature hin c, chng
ta thng khng phi phc tho phn canh thng (hnh 4-5).
Hnh 4-5. Canh thng mt bin dng vi cnh ca mt feature hin c
Vic canh thng phn phc tho c yu cu vi hnh hin c s thng to ra mt bin
dng hon ho. Nu Pro/Engineer khng chc chn mt no ca bin dng s ko hay ct,
n s yu cu ngi dng chn la (hnh 4-6).
Hnh 4-6. Chn mt hng ko
Cc bin dng ca feature mng c th c dng h hay kn. i vi cc feature mng, cc

bin dng c th c dng h khi khng c canh thng vi feature hin c.
Nhiu bin dng kn c th c a vo mt bn phc tho. Khi mt bin dng nm trong

mt bin dng khc, bin dng trong s to ra mt khng trng m (hnh 4-7).
48
Hnh 4-7. To khong trng m vi cc bin dng lng nhau

4.3. To cc feature ko
Php ko (Extrude) l mt trong cc php to m hnh ph bin to cc feature ko
v ct. Mt phn ko l mt bin dng c ko dc theo mt ng thng. Trnh t thc hin
php ko to mt phn ko hay phn ct l hon ton ging nhau v theo cc bc sau y.
Bc 1. Xc nh feature c to l phn ko hay l phn ct
Trong mi trng to lp chi tit (menu Part), chn menu Feature>>Creat>>Solid sau
chn Protrusion to lp mt phn ko hoc chn Cut to lp mt phn ct.
Xc nh php to m hnh l php ko bng cch chn Extrude trong menu SOLID
OPTS.
Bc 2. Chn dng feature c hay mng
Chn Solid cho dng feature c hay chn Thin cho dng feature mng. Sau chn
Done tip tc bc tip theo.
Bc 3. Chn hng ko
Mt hp thoi tin trnh th hin cc bc to lp feature xut hin ti v tr cc menu
ca Pro/Engineer. Pha di n l cc menu cho php ngi dng chn la cc chc nng to
lp tip theo.
Tu chn hng ko cung cp hai la chn, One side v Both sides. Chn One side
pht trin feature v mt pha ca mt phng phc tho trong khi Both sides s pht trin
feature c v 2 pha ca mt phng phc tho. Sau chn Done tip tc.
Ghi ch: Trong trng hp to mt feature
u tin ca mt chi tit v khng s dng
cc mt phng chun mc nh ca
Pro/Engineer th bc ny s b b qua. Nu
khng c mt phng phc tho th
Pro/Engineer gi nh l pht trin theo mt
hng.
Hnh 4-8. Hp thoi tin trnh
49
Bc 4. Chn mt phng phc tho

Ngoi tr feature c s ca mt chi tit, cc bin dng ca cc feature khc phi c
phc tho trn mt mt phng. Mt phng phc tho c th l mt b mt phng ca feature
hin c hoc mt mt phng chun do ngi dng xc nh.
Trong trng hp to feature u tin ca chi tit v trc khng to lp cc mt
phng chun mc nh ca Pro/Engineer th bc ny cng c b qua. Vic s dng mt
phn ko (Protrusion) lm feature c s l thi im duy nht m Pro/Engineer khng yu cu
mt mt phng phc tho.
Chn Setup New>>Plan>>Pick v chn mt mt phng lm mt phng phc tho.
Chn hng ko bng cch chp nhn hng ko theo chiu mi tn ch ra (Okey) hay
theo chiu ngc li (Flip).
Chn mt mt phng lin quan (Top, Botom, Left hoc Right) v xc nh n.
Chn cc tham chiu (thng l 2), cc tham chiu c th l cc mt phng vung gc
vi mt phng phc tho, cc cnh hay cc nh ln kch thc v rng buc trong qu trnh
phc tho tip theo.
Chn Done Sel tip tc. Nu cc tham chiu l y , khi Pro/Engineer s
chuyn sang mi trng phc tho
Bc 5. Phc tho bin dng
Cc bc tin hnh phc tho mt bin dng y (chi tit xem chng 3):
- To lp cc bin dng s b.
- t cc kch thc ng theo mc ch thit k.
- Gn cc rng buc b xung.
- Sa i cc gi tr kch thc theo ng mc ch thit k.
Sau khi mt bin dng c xc nh y , chn Done tip tc.
Bc 6. Nhp cc thng s to lp feature
Thng s to lp i vi mt feature ko l chiu su ko. c nhiu cch xc nh
mt chiu su ko nh ch ra trong phn 4.2.4. Chn la cch xc nh chiu su ko ph
hp, chn Done v nhp gi tr (nu cn).
Bc 7. Xem trc feature c to v hon chnh feature
Cc bc to lp feature hon tt v ch cn li hp thoi tin trnh ti v tr cc menu.
Ngi dng c th thc hin li t mt bc no trong hp thoi tin trnh, c th xem
trc feature (nt Preview) hoc kt thc vic to lp feature (nt OK).
4.4. Mt phng chun
4.4.1. Khi nim
Cc mt phng chun (Datum plan) c th c s dng lm tham chiu cu to cc
feature. Cc mt phng chun cng c coi l cc feature, nhng khng c coi l dng m
hnh. Khi mt mt phng chun c to, chng c hin th dng di dng mt feature
50
trong cy m hnh. Cc mt phng chun c to v c s dng lm cc mt phng phc

tho khi m khng c cc mt phng phc tho thch hp t cc feature hin c. Nh ch ra
trn hnh 4-9, mt mt phng chun c to tip xc vi hnh tr lm mt phng phc tho
cho mt feature ko qua hnh tr.
Hnh 4-9. Mt phng chun tip xc vi hnh tr

4.4.2. Cc phng php to mt phng chun
To cc mt phng chun mc nh
Cc mt phng chun mc nh ca Pro/Engineer l cc mt phng cc vung gc
nhau, bao gm cc mt phng TOP (mt phng XY), FRONT (mt phng XZ) v RIGHT (mt
phng YZ).
To cc mt phng chun mc nh:
- t menu Part, chn Feature>>Create>>Datum>>Plan>>Default
- cc mt phng chun mc nh xut hin, vi cc tn bt u bng DTM
Khi trn mn hnh s xut hin k hiu tm quay (Spin Center) vi 3 ru:
- ru mu (red) ch phng +X
- ru mu xanh l cy (green) ch phng +Y
- ru mu da tri (blue) ch phng +Z
Phng php Through
To mt mt phng chun i qua mt i tng c chn, c cc tu chn con sau:
- Plane: mt phng chun i qua mt mt phng b phn hin c.
- AxisEdgeCurv: mt phng chun i qua mt trc, cnh hay ng cong.
- Point/Vertex: mt phng chun i qua mt im hay mt nh.
- Cylinder: mt phng chun i qua trc ca mt hnh tr hay nn.
Phng php Normal
To mt mt phng chun vung gc vi i tng c chn, c cc tu chn con sau:
- Plane: mt phng chun vung gc vi mt mt phng b phn hin c.
- AxisEdgeCurv: mt phng chun vung gc vi mt trc, cnh hay ng cong.
51
Phng php Parallel

To mt mt phng chun song song vi mt mt phng b phn hin c.
Phng php Offset
To mt mt phng chun c dch chuyn t i tng chn, c cc tu chn con sau:
- Plane: dch chuyn t mt mt phng hin c. Sau xc nh 1 im m mt phng
mi s i qua (tu chn Thru Point) hoc nhp khong cch dch chuyn (tu chn Enter
Value).
- Coord Sys: dch chuyn t gc to v php tuyn vi mt trc to chn. Mt
h to phi hin hu trc khi s dng tu chn ny.
Phng php Angle
To mt mt phng chun lm thnh mt gc vi mt mt phng b phn hin c.
Phng php Tangent
To mt mt phng chun tip tuyn vi mt mt cong b phn hin c.
Phng php BlendSection
To mt mt phng chun i qua mt bin dng ca mt feature hin c.
4.5. Hiu chnh mt feature
im khc bit c bn gia cc m hnh tham s (nh cc m hnh Pro/Engineer) so vi
cc m hnh dc to bng cc php ton t hp (boolean) l tnh nng hiu chnh ca
chng. Cc feature c to trong Pro/Engineer bao gm cc tham s, nh l kch thc, chiu
su ko v hng ko. Cc tham s ny c thit lp trong sut qu trnh to lp feature v
c th c hiu chnh sau . C nhiu cch hiu chnh mt feature nh l chnh sa gi
tr ca cc kch thc, tham s hay nh ngha li cc feature.
4.5.1. Chc nng Modify - chnh sa
Chc nng Modify (Part>>Modify) cho php chnh sa cc kch thc ca mt feature.
C rt nhiu tu chn cho php hiu chnh cc thnh phn ca kch thc, t gi tr cho n
cch th hin. Trong phn ny chng ta quan tm n cc tu chn hiu chnh gi tr ca kch
thc.
Value
Tu chn ny hiu chnh gi tr ca kch thc c chn. Trnh t thc hin nh sau:
- T menu Part>>Modify>>Value>>Pick chn mt feature hoc mt kch thc cn
hiu chnh.
- Nu chn feature, cc kch thc ca feature s hin th. Chn kch thc cn hiu
chnh.
- Nhp gi tr mi cho kch thc vo nhp.
- Tip tc hiu chnh cc kch thc khc nu cn.
- Chn Done quay tr v menu Part, sau chn Regenerate ti to li feature
theo kch thc mi.
52
Scale Model
Tu chn ny thay i tt c cc kch thc khng phi l kch thc
gc ca m hnh hin thi theo mt t l c ngi dng nhp vo. Cc bc
tin hnh nh sau:
- T menu Part>>Modify>>Scale Model.
- Nhp gi tr t l thay i vo nhp.
- Xut hin mt hp thoi thng bo vic thay i, chn Yes chp
nhn vic thay i hoc No hu b. Nu chp nhn, m hnh s c thay
i theo gi tr ngi dng nhp vo v c t ng ti to li.
- Chn Done quay tr v menu Part.
4.5.2. Chc nng Redefine - nh ngha li
Cc feature khng ch c th hiu chnh li kch thc bng chc nng Modify m cn
c th nh ngha li bng chc nng Redefine. Vi chc nng ny, ngi dng c th nh
ngha li feature t giai on xc nh li cc thuc tnh ca php pht trin bin dng thnh
feature hay mt giai on bt k thng qua hp thoi tin trnh. Trnh t thc hin nh sau:
- T menu Part>>Feature>>Redefine, chn feature cn nh ngha li.
- Hp thoi tin trnh tng ng vi feature c chn xut hin (hnh 4-8). Chn ni
dung cn nh ngha li v kch chut v nt "Define".
- Thc hin li cc bc nh ngha cho ni dung . Sau khi thc hin xong chn Done
tr v hp thoi tin trnh.
- Thc hin vic nh ngha li cho cc ni dung cn thit khc.
- Trong hp thoi tin trnh, chn Preview xem s thay i, chn OK chp nhn.
4.5.3. Hiu chnh thng qua cy m hnh
Thc hin s hiu chnh bng cc cch trn c tin hnh theo cch chn chc nng ri
sau mi chn feature cn hiu chnh. Mt cch khc l hiu chnh thng qua cy m hnh.
- Kch v gi nt chut phi ti tn ca feature cn hiu chnh trong ca s cy m hnh.
- Gi v r chut ti chc nng cn hiu chnh trong menu context gi chc nng .
- Tin hnh hiu chnh theo trnh t ca chc nng gi.
Hnh 4-10.
Cy m hnh v menu Context
53
4.6. Luyn tp
4.6.1. Thc hnh
Bi tp thc hnh ny cung cp hng dn theo tng bc to lp mt m hnh nh
ch ra trn hnh 4-11.
Hnh 4-11.
M hnh hon chnh (Ch04_TH01)
Khi to mt m hnh mi
1. Khi ng Pro/Engineer. Thit lp th mc lm vic.
2. Khi to mt file chi tit mi. Gn tn file
3. Thit lp n v (chn mmNs).
4. To cc mt phng chun mc nh.
To phn ko c s
Xc nh cc thuc tnh v mt phng phc tho
1. Chn Feature>>Create>>Protrusion
2. Chn Extrude>>Solid>>Done
3. Chn On Side sau chn Done.
4. Chn mt mt phng chun lm mt
phng phc tho. Xc nh hng to feature
t mt phng phc tho.
5. Xc nh cc tham chiu.
Phc tho bin dng
1. Dng cc chc nng phc tho
phc tho bin dng nh hnh 4-12.
2. Sau khi hon thin bin dng, chn
Done t menu Sketcher tip tc.
Hon chnh feature
1. Gn chiu su ko: chn
Blind>>Done sau nhp chiu su ko (60)
vo nhp.
Hnh 4-12.
Bin dng ca feature c s
54
2. Trong hp thoi tin trnh, chn Preview xem trc feature hoc OK hon
chnh feature.
3. Ghi li feature va to: chn File>>Save hoc nt Save trn thanh cng c.
To phn ct th nht
To phn ct th nht vi bin dng
nh hnh 4-13.
Phng php
Cut>>Extrude
to
chn
Mt phng phc tho c chn l

mt phng bn ca feature c s.
Chiu su ko l Thru All - ct qua
ht feature c s.
Hnh 4-13.
Bin dng ca phn ct th nht
To phn ct th hai
To phn ct th hai vi bin dng nh hnh 4-14.
Phng php to l chn Cut>>Extrude.
Mt phng phc tho c chn l mt phng gia ca
feature c s.
Chn hng pht trin l v c hai pha (Both sides).
Chiu su ko l Thru All - ct qua ht feature c s.
Hnh 4-14.
Bin dng
ca phn ct th hai
To phn ko li ra
To phn ko li ra vi bin
dng nh hnh 4-15.
Phng php to l chn
Protrusion>>Extrude
Mt phng phc tho c
chn l mt phng bn ca feature
c s.
Chiu su ko l Blind = 10.
Hnh 4-15.
Bin dng ca phn ko li ra
55
4.6.2. Bi tp
Lp m hnh cho cc chi tit c minh ho cc hnh sau.
Hnh 4-16.
Ch04_BT01
Hnh 4-17.
Ch04_BT02
Hnh 4-18.
Ch04_BT03
56
Hnh 4-19.
Ch04_BT04
Hnh 4-20.
Ch04_BT05
Hnh 4-21.
Ch04_BT06
Hnh 4-22.
Ch04_BT07
57
Chng 4. To cc feature ko.............................................................................................44

4.1. To lp m hnh da vo feature..............................................................................44
4.1.1. Quan h gia cc feature trong m hnh................................................................... 45

4.1.2. Cc feature u tin .................................................................................................. 45
4.1.3. Cc bc to lp mt feature c dng bin dng...................................................... 45
4.2. Cc phn ko v phn ct .............................................................................................46
4.2.1.
4.2.2.
4.2.3.
4.2.4.
4.2.5.
Cc php pht trin bin dng thnh feature............................................................. 46

Feature c v mng................................................................................................. 47
Hng ko................................................................................................................. 47
Chiu su ko............................................................................................................ 47
Bin dng h v kn .................................................................................................. 48
4.3. To cc feature ko.........................................................................................................49

4.4. Mt phng chun................................................................................................................50
4.4.1. Khi nim ................................................................................................................. 50

4.4.2. Cc phng php to mt phng chun .................................................................... 51
4.5. Hiu chnh mt feature ..................................................................................................52
4.5.1. Chc nng Modify - chnh sa.................................................................................. 52

4.5.2. Chc nng Redefine - nh ngha li ........................................................................ 53
4.5.3. Hiu chnh thng qua cy m hnh........................................................................... 53
4.6. Luyn tp.................................................................................................................................54
4.6.1. Thc hnh ................................................................................................................. 54

4.6.2. Bi tp ....................................................................................................................... 56
58
Chng 5. To feature xoay

5.1. Cc feature ko v ct xoay
Mt feature xoay l mt feature c to bi mt bin dng xoay quanh mt trc. Mt
feature ko xoay l mt khng gian dng cn mt feature ct xoay l mt khng gian m.
i vi bt k loi feature xoay no th ngi dng cng phi phc tho bin dng s c
xoay v mt ng tm lm trc xoay.
5.1.1. Bin dng ca feature xoay
Bin dng phi c phc tho mt pha ca ng tm v bin dng phi l bin dng
kn. ng tm bt buc phi c phc tho, nu c nhiu ng tm trong mt bin dng
th ng tm c phc tho u tin s tr thnh trc xoay. Cc thc th hnh hc nm trn
trc xoay khng th thay th cho ng tm.
Hnh 5-1. Cc feature ko v ct xoay

Khi phc tho bin dng cho feature xoay thng i hi phi nh kch thc cho cc
i tng hnh tr bng mt gi tr ng knh (hnh 5-1). thc hin ghi kch thc kiu
ny, tin hnh theo cc bc sau:
1. Chn thc th hnh hc xc nh mp ngoi ca bin dng.
2. Chn ng tm lm trc xoay.
3. Chn li thc th hnh hc xc nh mp ngoi ca bin dng.
4. Chn v tr t kch thc.
5.1.2. Cc tham s feature xoay
Hng xoay - Revolve direction
Tng t nh hng ko trong cc Extrude feature, c cc tu chn One side - xoay v
mt pha v Both sides - xoay v 2 pha.
Gc xoay - Angle of revolution
Tng t nh tham s chiu su ko trong extrude feature, tham s ny xc nh gc m
bin dng c xoay quanh trc xoay. Cc tu chn xc nh gc xoay l:
- Variable: ngi dng xc nh mt gc xoay bt k nh hn 3600.
- 90/180/270/360: chn gi tr gc xoay tng ng tnh bng (degree).
Chng 5. To cc feature xoay
58
- UpToPnt/Vtx: xoay mt bin dng n mt nh hay im c chn.

- UpTo Plane: xoay mt bin dng n mt mt phng c chn.
5.1.3. Trnh t to lp mt feature xoay
1. Chn Feature>>Create>>Protrusion (hoc Cut)
sau chn Solid>>Revolve>>Solid>>Done
2. Chn hng xoay: One side hoc Both sides
3. Chn mt phng phc tho v cc tham chiu
4. Phc tho mt ng tm lm trc xoay
5. Phc tho bin dng. Khi hon thnh th chn Done
6. Xc nh gc xoay
7. Chn OK trong hp thoi tin trnh kt thc
5.2. L (Hole) v trc (Shaft)
5.2.1. Straight Hole - l thng
Trnh t to lp
1. Chn kiu nh v l (linear, coaxial, radial, on point)
2. Xc nh cc tham chiu nh v l tng ng (tu thuc kiu nh v)
3. Hng to l (one side / both sides)
4. Xc nh chiu su ca l (blind, thru all,...)
5. Nhp ng knh ca l
Linear: nh v l theo khong cch ti 2 i
tng c chn (cnh, trc, mt phng)
+ chn mt phng sp xp (placement plane)
+ chn i tng nh v th nht (cnh, trc hoc
mt phng), nhp khong cch n i tng .
+ chn i tng nh v hai (cnh, trc hoc mt phng), nhp khong cch n i
tng .
Coaxial: nh v ng tm l trng vi ng trc c chn
+ chn ng trc (axial reference)
Radial: nh v l hng knh
+ chn ng trc (axial reference)
+ chn mt phng tham chiu cho kch thc gc (angular reference)
+ nhp gi tr gc t mt phng tham chiu (angle)
+ chn kiu kch thc hng knh (diameter, radius, linear), nhp gi tr.
59
Hnh 5-2. nh v l dng Radial

On Point: nh v trc l i qua mt im
+ chn im tham chiu (placement point)
5.2.2. Sketch Hole - l phc tho
Tng t nh to l thng khi chn kiu nh v v xc nh cc
tham s nh v l. im khc bit c bn l bin dng l do ngi
dng phc tho.
Trnh t
1. Chn kiu nh v l (Linear, Coaxial, Radial, On point)
2. Phc tho bin dng l (bao gm c bin dng v ng
trc l).
3. Xc nh cc tham chiu nh v (tu thuc v kiu nh v - xem phn l thng)
4. Hng to l
5.2.3. Shaft - trc
Feature dng trc (shaft feature) l dng nghch o ca feature dng l (hole feature),
ngha l trong khi cc hole feature to ra cc khng gian m th shaft feature s to ra cc
khng gian dng.
Hnh 5-3. Shaft v bin dng ca n

Chc nng Shaft khng hin th trn menu Solid theo mc nh. hin th chc nng
Shaft (cng nh cc chc nng Flange v Neck) trn menu Solid, thit lp bin
ALLOW_ANATOMIC_FEATURES trong file cu hnh (config.pro) mang gi tr YES.
60
Cc k thut, tu chn v rnh t tin hnh to mt Shaft cng tng t nh mt

Sketch Hole. Tuy nhin c mt im ch l ngi ta thng phc tho bin dng ca trc
ln ngc so vi hng Shaft c to.
5.3. Vnh g (Flange) v ngng trc (Neck)
Vnh g v ngng trc l cc feature xoay c to xung quanh mt feature xoay hin
c (hnh 5-4).
ngng trc
feature hin c
vnh g
Hnh 5-4. Vnh g v ngng trc

Trnh t to vnh g hoc ngng trc l ging nhau, ch khc nhau v tn gi ca chc
nng v kt qu to ra.
1. Chn Feature>>Create>>Flange (hoc Neck).
2. Xc nh gc xoay bin dng v chiu xoay (One side hay Both sides).
3. Xc nh mt phng phc tho v cc tham chiu. Ch l mt phng phc tho phi
i qua tm ca feature hin c.
4. Phc tho bin dng ca vnh g (hoc ngng trc). Bin dng khng cn kn phn
tip xc vi b mt ca feature xoay hin c.
5. To ng trc vnh g (hoc ngng trc quay quanh n) bng tu chn
Centerline.
6. Chn Done trn menu Sketcher to vnh g hay ngng trc.
5.4. Cc chc nng b tr
5.4.1. To mng
Lnh Pattern c dng to mng cc feature. C hai loi mng Linear v Angular.
Linear Pattern l mng tuyn tnh, hay cn gi l mng ch nht trong cc bn sao ca
feature gc c sp xp cch u nhau trn mt hoc nhiu ng thng. Angular Pattern
l mng gc, hay cn gi l mng trn trong cc bn sao ca feature gc c sp xp cch
u nhau trn mt cung trn (hnh 5-5).
Pro/Engineer s to mt mng Linear hay Angular tu thuc vo kch thc c bn c
chn. Kch thc c bn thng l cc kch thc nh v ca feature. Cc bn sao ca feature
s c to dc theo hng ca kch thc c bn c chn vi cc gia s (khong cch,
gc) v s lng bn sao do ngi dng nhp vo.
61
Hnh 5-5. Cc dng mng

Cc tu chn kiu mng
- Identical: cc bn sao ca feature trong mng khng c giao nhau v giao vi vi
cnh ca mt phng t. Cc feature ch c nm trn cng mt mt phng t.
- Varying: cc bn sao ca feature trong mng khng c giao nhau, nhng c th c
kch c khc nhau v nm trn cc b mt khc nhau.
- General: cc bn sao ca feature trong mng khng b rng buc.
Cc tu chn bin i kch thc
- Value: cc gi tr kch thc c tng ln
- Relation: cc quan h c s dng iu khin vic thay i kch thc.
- Table: vic bin i kch thc c iu khin bng bng.
Trnh t tin hnh
1. Chn chc nng Feature>>Pattern
2. Chn feature gc (chn trn mn hnh ho hoc trn cy m hnh)
3. Chn mt trong cc tu chn mng trn menu Pattern Options
4. Chn kiu bin i kch thc
5. Chn kch thc c bn
6. Nhp kch thc gia s gia cc feature trong mng theo hng kch thc c bn
va chn.
7. Nhp s phn t (bao gm c phn t gc) ca mng mun to theo hng kch
thc ang chn.
8. Lp li cc bc t 5 n 7 nu mun to mng theo mt hng na hoc chn Done
kt thc.
5.4.2. Trc chun
Cc trc chun (Datum Axis) c s dng lm cc trc tham chiu to cc feature.
V d nh cc trc chun c dng khi to cc l ng trc hay to cc mt phng chun.
Khi cc l, trc hay cc feature xoay c to th cc trc chun c to t ng. Cc trc
chun c to ring bit th c coi l cc feature. Chng c t tn theo trnh t trn cy
m hnh bt u vi A_1.
62
Trnh t to trc chun.

1. Chn Feature>>Create>>Datum>>Axis
2. Chn mt tu chn rng buc di y, ri chn dng hnh hc tng ng.
+ Thru Edge: trc chun i qua mt cnh hin c ca chi tit.
+ Normal Pln: trc chun vung gc vi mt mt phng hin c. Trng hp ny phi
xc nh thm cc tham chiu khc l khong cch t trc chun n 2 cnh hin c.
+ Pnt Norm Pln: trc chun vung gc vi mt mt phng hin c v i qua mt im
xc nh.
+ Thru Cyl: trc chun trng vi tm ca mt mt tr hin c.
+ Two Planes: trc chun l cnh giao nhau ca 2 mt phng hin c.
+ Two Pnt/Vtx: trc chun i qua 2 im hoc nh.
+ Pnt on Surf: trc chun vung gc vi mt mt v i qua 1 im nm trn mt
+ Tan Curve: trc chun tip xc vi 1 ng cong hay mt cnh ti mt im hin c
c chn.
3. Chn Done to trc chun.
5.5. Luyn tp
5.5.1. Thc hnh
To m hnh chi tit Pu-ly nh ch ra trong hnh 5-6.
Hnh 5-6. Chi tit Pu-ly (Ch05_TH01)

1. To thn pu-ly bng chc nng Feature>>Create>>Solid>>Protrusion>>Revolve
Khi to bin dng th ch cn to mt na (v l feature trn xoay). Dng cc chc nng
Fillet v Chamfer bo trn v vt mp.
2. To mt l c s bng chc nng Feature>>Create>>Solid>>Hole>>Straight
To l dng Radial Hole, chn mt phng tham chiu gc l mt phng trc, gc tham
chiu l 300.
3. To mng l bng chc nng Feature>>Pattern
63
5.5.2. Bi tp
S dng ch Part ca Pro/Engineer v cc chc nng to feature xoay to lp cc
m hnh chi tit di y.
Hnh 5-7. Chi tit m (Ch05_BT01)
Hnh 5-8. Chi tit thn (Ch05_BT02)
Hnh 5-9. Chi tit trc (Ch05_BT03)

64
Chng 5. To feature xoay ..................................................................................................58

5.1. Cc feature ko v ct xoay......................................................................................58
5.1.1. Bin dng ca feature xoay....................................................................................... 58

5.1.2. Cc tham s feature xoay.......................................................................................... 58
5.1.3. Trnh t to lp mt feature xoay ............................................................................. 59
5.2. L (Hole) v trc (Shaft) ................................................................................................59
5.2.1. Straight Hole - l thng............................................................................................. 59

5.2.2. Sketch Hole - l phc tho ........................................................................................ 60
5.2.3. Shaft - trc ................................................................................................................ 60
5.3. Vnh g (Flange) v ngng trc (Neck) ................................................................61
5.4. Cc chc nng b tr ......................................................................................................61
5.4.1. To mng .................................................................................................................. 61

5.4.2. Trc chun ................................................................................................................ 62
5.5. Luyn tp.................................................................................................................................63
5.5.1. Thc hnh ................................................................................................................. 63

5.5.2. Bi tp ....................................................................................................................... 64
65
Chng 6. To cc feature khng dng bin dng

Pro/Engineer cung cp nhiu cng c to lp cc feature m khng dng n bin dng.
Cc feature thuc nhm ny nh l feature dng l thng (straight hole) nh gp trong
chng 5 hay cc feature dng bo trn (fillet feature), vt mp (chamfer feature), v mng
(shell feature), gn (rib feature),.... Nh tn gi ca dng feature ny, chng khng dng n
cc bin dng m c to thnh da trn cc feature hin c (placed feature).
6.1.
Cc feature l thng - Straight hole

Xem chng 5, phn 5.2.1. L thng - Straight hole.
6.2.
Cc feature bo trn - Round
Cc feature bo trn (fillet feature) c to bng chc nng Round trong menu to
feature. Mt s ch khi to cc feature bo trn:
- Nn to cc feature bo trn cui tin trnh to m hnh.
- To cc feature bo trn c bn knh nh trc cc feature c bn knh ln.
- Trnh s dng cc thc th hnh hc trn lm thnh phn tham chiu to feature.
Hnh 6-1. Cc dng feature bo trn

6.2.1. Trnh t to lp mt feature bo trn
1. Chn Feature>>Create>>Solid>>Round>>Simple
2. Chn tu chn bn knh
3. Chn tu chn tham chiu
4. Chn tu chn chn chui cnh (nu cn)
5. Chn cc thc th hnh hc tng ng
6. Nhp gi tr bn knh vo nhp
7. Chn OK t hp thoi tin trnh kt thc
Khi to lp mt feature bo trn, hai tu chn quan trng hnh thnh mt feature bo
trn l bn knh v chn cc thnh phn tham gia.
65
6.2.2. Cc tu chn bn knh bo trn

Constant: To feature bo trn c bn knh khng i.
Variable: To feature bo trn c bn knh thay i. Cc gi tr bn knh c xc nh
ti cui mi on ni chui.
Thru Curve: Xc nh bn knh ca feature bo trn da trn mt ng cong c
chn.
Full Round: Tu chn ny to mt feature bo trn thay cho mt b mt c chn.
6.2.3. Cc tu chn tham chiu
Cc feature bo trn thng c to trn cc cnh ca mt feature hay gia cc b mt
v/hoc cnh vi nhau.
Edge Chain: Tu chn ny to feature bo trn cho mt chui cnh c chn.
Surf-Surf: To feature bo trn gia hai b mt c chn.
Edge-Surf: To mt feature bo trn gia mt b mt v mt cnh c chn
Edge pair: Tng t tu chn bn knh Full Round, tu chn ny to mt feature bo
trn thay th cho mt gia 2 cnh c chn.
6.2.4. Cc tu chn chn chui cnh
Cc phng php chn mt chui cnh (ch xut hin khi tu chn tham chiu c lin
quan n cnh) c ch ra di y.
One by One: chn cc cnh ring l
Tangent Chain: chn cc cnh tip xc nhau
Surf Chain: chn cc cnh bao ca cc b mt c chn
Unselect: hu b chn mt cnh chn
6.3.
Cc feature vt mp - Chamfer
Cc feature vt mp (chamfer feature) l cc feature vt cnh v gc (hnh 6-2).
Conner chamfer
Edge chamfer
Hnh 6-2. Cc feature vt mp

6.3.1. Cc dng feature vt mp
C hai dng feature vt mp c cung cp trong Pro/Engineer 2000i, l:
- Edge chamfer: vt mp cnh
- Conner chamfer: vt mp gc (nh)
66
6.3.2. Trnh t to mt Edge chamfer

1. Chn chc nng Chamfer t menu to feature.
2. Chn dng vt mp: Edge
3. Xc nh kch thc cho feature vt
Kch thc cho feature vt trong trng hp Edge chamfer c xc nh tu thuc vo
kiu thng s c xc nh nh di y.
45 x d: to mt feature vt 450 v khong cch do ngi dng xc nh
d x d: to mt feature vt vi 2 cnh vt bng nhau. Gi tr cnh vt do ngi dng

xc nh.
d1 x d2: to mt feature vt vi 2 cnh vt khng bng nhau. Gi tr cnh vt do

ngi dng xc nh.
Ang x d: to mt feature vt vi cc thng s l gc v khng cch do ngi dng

xc nh.
4. Nhp gi tr cc thng s tng ng vi kiu xc nh kch thc va chn trn.

5. Chn cc i tng tham chiu tng ng.
6. Chn Done kt thc, sau chn OK trong hp thoi tin trnh.
6.3.3. Trnh t to mt Conner chamfer
1. Chn chc nng Chamfer t menu to feature.
2. Chn dng vt mp: Conner
3. Chn gc (nh) cn vt mp
4. Xc nh kch thc cho feature vt
Khi ln lt cc cnh ca gc (nh) ln lt c chiu sng, ngi dng s phi
xc nh kch thc vt ti cnh bng cch chn 1 im trn cnh hoc dng tu
chn Enter-input nhp gi tr.
6.4.
Cc feature vt mt - Draft
Cc feature ca cc chi tit c gia cng bng phng php gia cng khng ct gt (v
d nh c, dp, p khun,...) thng yu cu c cc mt ngoi c vt d dng ly ra
khi khun. Pro/Engineer cung cp nhiu chc nng chnh sa mt mt ca feature hin c,
nh Draft to mt vt, Offset - dch chuyn mt mt, Radius Dome - to mt vm cho
mt mt c chn.
6.4.1. Cc mt phng v ng cong trung tnh
to mt feature vt mt, mt c chn s b xoay i mt gc quanh mt mt phng
hay ng cong trung tnh (neutral plane v neutral curve). Cc mt phng trung tnh c th
l cc b mt phng hoc cc mt phng chun. Cc ng cong c th l cc ng cong hay
cc cnh chun. Mt mt vt cn c th phn chia hay khng theo mt phng hay ng cong
trung tnh (hnh 6-3, 6-4).
67
6.4.2. Cc feature vt mt theo mt phng trung tnh
No Split Draft
Split at Plane Draft
Neutral Plane
Hnh 6-3. Cc feature vt mt theo mt phng trung tnh

Tu chn ny dng mt phng trung tnh phn chia mt vt. Cc la chn phn chia
mt vt bao gm:
No Split - khng phn chia
To mt mt vt khng phn chia dc theo mt phng c chn. Ngi dng chn mt
phng trung tnh v mt phng cn to vt, sau nhp gc vt.
Split at Plane - phn chia ti mt phng trung tnh
Mt vt c to s b phn chia ti mt phng trung tnh. Ni cch khc, tu chn ny
s to ra 2 mt vt i xng nhau qua mt phng trung tnh trn mt phng c chn. Tu
chn ny cng yu cu ngi dng chn mt phng trung tnh v mt phng cn to vt, sau
nhp gc vt.
Split at Sketch - phn chia ti phc tho
Ging nh tu chn Split at Plane, tu chn ny to ra 2 mt vt trn mt phng c
chn. Tuy nhin ng phn chia 2 mt vt ny c xc nh thng qua mt bin dng do
ngi dng phc tho. Tu chn ny cng yu cu ngi dng chn mt phng trung tnh v
mt phng cn to vt, sau xc nh mt phng phc tho v phc tho mt bin dng
phn chia. Cui cng nhp gc vt cho mi pha.
6.4.3. Cc feature vt mt theo ng cong trung tnh
Tng t nh vi cc feature
vt mt theo mt phng trung tnh
nhng trong trng hp ny cc mt
vt c phn chia theo cc ng
cong trung tnh (hnh 6-4).
Cc la chn phn chia mt
vt bao gm:
No Split - khng phn chia
Split at Curve - phn chia
ti ng cong trung tnh
Cc mt vt c th c to trn
c hai bn hoc ch mt bn ca
ng cong trung tnh.
Hnh 6-4. Cc mt vt theo ng cong trung tnh
68
Split at Surface - phn chia theo mt mt

Cc mt vt c th c to trn c hai bn hoc ch mt bn ca mt phn chia c
chn.
6.5.
Cc feature dng v - Shell
Cc feature dng v (shell feature) c to bng cch lm rng m hnh hin c v ch

li cc vch tng ng vi tt c cc mt vi dy vch do ngi dng xc nh.
Hnh 6-5. Cc feature dng v

Thc hin trnh t sau to mt feature dng v.
1. Chn Feature>>Create>>Shell
2. Chn cc mt cn loi b
3. Chn Done Sel trn menu Get Select
4. Chn Done Refs t menu Feature Refs
5. Nhp dy cho v
6. Chn OK trn hp thoi tin trnh kt thc
6.6.
Cc feature gn - Rib
Gn (Rib) l mt feature c
to gia cc feature trong mt chi
tit (hnh 6-6). Mt feature gn
ging nh mt feature ko v c hai
bn t mt mt phng phc tho.
Bin dng ca gn phi h, nhng
cc im u mt ca n li phi
c dng thng vi cc mt ca
cc feature m n lin kt. Ngoi ra
mt phng phc tho phi l mt
mt phng chun.
Hnh 6-6. Cc feature gn
Trnh t to mt feature gn.

1. T m hnh c s c sn, chn Feature>>Create>>Rib
2. Chn mt phng phc tho: mt phng phc tho phi l mt mt phng chun.
3. Xc nh cc phn tham chiu
69
4. Phc tho bin dng ngoi ca feature gn: ch cn phc tho phn bin dng ngoi,
phn tip xc vi cc mt ca cc feature hin c khng cn phc tho.
5. Chn Done tip tc.
6. Chn hng ko: chn hng ch v pha m hnh.
7. Nhp dy cho phn ko: tu chn ny tng t tu chn Both sides, dy nhp
vo s c ko v c hai hng t mt phng phc tho.
6.7.
Cc feature khe, rnh - Slot
Cc feature khe, rnh (Slot)

l cc feature tng t nh l
thng nhng c mt ct ngang l
khng phi l trn m do ngi
dng phc tho (hnh 6-7). to
mt khe (rnh), ngi dng phi
phc tho bin dng ca khe
(rnh) v xc nh chiu su ko.
Hnh 6-7. Feature khe, rnh

Trnh t to mt feature khe, rnh.
1. T mt m hnh hin c, chn Feature>>Create>>Slot>>Extrude>>Solid>>Done.
2. Chn chiu ko: One side hoc Both sides -> Done.
3. Xc nh mt phng phc tho v cc tham chiu cho bin dng.
4. Phc tho bin dng ca khe, rnh -> Done.
5. Xc nh hng ko v chiu su ko.
6.8.
Cc feature ng ba chiu - Pipe
Cc ng rng hoc c (pipe, tube)

trong khng gian c to bng chc nng
Pipe trong menu Feature>>Create. Vi
chc nng ny, cho php ngi dng to
cc ng dng cc ng gp khc hoc
spline trong khng gian 3 chiu bng cch
xc nh cc im l cc nh ca ng
gp khc hoc spline (hnh 6-8). Gi tr
ng knh ngoi (v dy thnh ng
nu l ng rng) ca ng cng vi bn
knh cc ch un c yu cu nhp vo.
Hnh 6-8. Mt feature ng rng vi cc nh

c chn da trn mt m hnh hin c
Trnh t to mt feature ng nh sau.

1. Chn Feature>>Create>>Pipe
2. Xc nh cc tu chn hnh dng ca ng
+ Geometry: to mt feature ng rng hoc c
70
+ No geometry: ch to qu o ca ng
+ Hollow: to ng rng
+ Solid: to ng c
+ Constant Rad: ng c bn knh cc on un khng i
+ Multiple Rad: cc on un ca ng c bn knh thay i
3. Nhp cc gi tr ng knh ngoi (v dy ca thnh ng nu l ng rng).
4. Chn cc im lm cc nh iu khin ca ng
5. Xen k trong qu trnh chn nh l qu trnh nhp bn knh un cong ti cc nh.
6. Chn Done kt thc
6.9.
Luyn tp
6.9.1. Thc hnh

Dng cc chc nng to cc feature
khng dng bin dng to m hnh gh
nh hnh 6-9, cc kch thc do ngi dng
t hoch nh.
Khi to mi trng
1. Bt u mt file chi tit mi:
File>>New, chn Part>>Solid,
cho tn file chi tit l Ch06_TH01
Thit lp n v o: Part>>Set
Up>>Units, chn dng n v o l
mmNs (millimeter Newton Second).
Hnh 6-9. M hnh chi tit gh (Ch06_TH01)

2. To lp cc mt phng chun mc nh:
Feature>>Create>>Datum>>Plane>>Default
To feature c s
Dng chc nng Protrusion>>Extrude>>Solid to mt feature ko dng khi hp
ch nht kch thc 350x350x400.
To vt nghing cho 4 mt gh
1. Dng chc nng Tweak>>Draft>>Neutral Plane vi No Split>>Constant v
Include>>Loop surf --> chn mt trn ca gh.
2. Chn mt phng trung tnh (Neutral plane) v mt phng vung gc l mt trn
ca gh.
3. Nhp gc vt l -50.
Bo trn 8 cnh bn ca gh
1. Dng chc nng Round>>Simple vi Constant>>Edge Chain v cch chn l
One by One. Chn 4 cnh mt trn v 4 cnh bn.
2. Nhp bn knh bo trn = 20.
71
To thnh mng ca gh
1. Dng chc nng Shell, chn mt cn loi b l mt y.
2. Nhp dy cho thnh gh = 3.
Khot khong gia gh
1. Dng chc nng Cut>>Extrude>>Solid to mt khi ct c pht trin v 2
pha.
2. Mt phng phc tho l mt mt phng chun to.
3. Bin dng nh hnh di.
4. Chn chiu su ct l Thru All ct xuyn ht m hnh.
Khot phn di chn gh

1. Thc hin tng t nh vi khot khong gia chn gh. Lu l trong trng hp
ny bin dng l h nhng phi c 2 im cui nm trn mt y gh.
2. Bin dng nh hnh sau.
To cc phn khot 2 mt bn cn li: tng t nh 2 phn trn.

To l mt trn
1. Dng chc nng Hole>>Straight vi mt nh v l mt trn ca gh.
2. nh v theo Linear cch mi cnh bn ca mt trn l 150.
3. Chn dng l sut (Thru All) vi ng knh l =50.
72
6.9.2. Bi tp
To cc m hnh chi tit theo cc hnh v sau.
Hnh 6-10.
Ch06_BT01
Hnh 6-11.
Ch06_BT02
Chng 6. To cc feature khng dng bin dng ...................................................65

6.1. Cc feature l thng - Straight hole ...................................................................65
6.2. Cc feature bo trn - Round .......................................................................................65
6.2.1.
6.2.2.
6.2.3.
6.2.4.
Trnh t to lp mt feature bo trn.......................................................................... 65

Cc tu chn bn knh bo trn.................................................................................. 66
Cc tu chn tham chiu .......................................................................................... 66
Cc tu chn chn chui cnh ............................................................................. 66
6.3. Cc feature vt mp - Chamfer ..................................................................................66
6.3.1. Cc dng feature vt mp.......................................................................................... 66

6.3.2. Trnh t to mt Edge chamfer................................................................................. 67
73
6.3.3. Trnh t to mt Conner chamfer ............................................................................. 67

6.4. Cc feature vt mt - Draft........................................................................................67
6.4.1. Cc mt phng v ng cong trung tnh ................................................................. 67

6.4.2. Cc feature vt mt theo mt phng trung tnh......................................................... 68
6.4.3. Cc feature vt mt theo ng cong trung tnh....................................................... 68
6.5. Cc feature dng v - Shell ........................................................................................69
6.6. Cc feature gn - Rib........................................................................................................69
6.7. Cc feature khe, rnh - Slot .......................................................................................70
6.8. Cc feature ng ba chiu - Pipe ..................................................................................70
6.9. Luyn tp.................................................................................................................................71
6.9.1. Thc hnh ................................................................................................................. 71

6.9.2. Bi tp ....................................................................................................................... 73
74
Chng 7. To cc feature un cong v hn hp

Cc feature c bn u c to thnh bng cch pht trin cc bin dng trong khng
gian. Php ko thng (Extrude) to cc feature bng cch ko mt bin dng dc theo mt
ng to hnh thng. Cc pht trin ca Extrude l Sweep v Blend. Sweep ko mt bin
dng dc theo mt ng to hnh bt k do ngi dng xc nh to mt feature un cong.
Blend to mt feature hn hp bng cch ko dc theo mt ng to hnh thng gia hai hay
nhiu bin dng do ngi dng xc nh (hnh 7-1).
Hnh 7-1. Cc feature cong, ko v hn hp

7.1.
Cc feature un cong - Sweep
7.1.1. c im
Tu chn Sweep ko mt bin dng dc theo mt ng to hnh (trajectory) bt k do
ngi dng xc nh to mt feature un cong. Dng hnh hc ca ng to hnh xc nh
hnh dng ca feature un cong. Cng ging nh tu chn Extrude, tu chn Sweep c
dng trong cc chc nng Protrusion to mt khng gian dng hoc trong chc nng Cut
to mt khng gian m.
Tu chn Sweep i hi phi c mt bin dng v mt ng to hnh. ng to hnh
c th c phc tho hay chn, c th h hoc kn. Bt k b mt phng hay mt phng
chun no cng c dng lm mt phng phc tho ng to hnh. Do tnh cht ca mi
trng phc tho nn mt ng to hnh c phc tho trong qu trnh to feature un cong
s ch c dng 2 chiu. Mt ng to hnh c chn t m hnh hin ti c th l mt ng
3 chiu.
Khi mt bin dng c ko dc theo mt
ng to hnh th n lun vung gc vi ng
to hnh. iu ny lm cho trong mt s trng
hp bin dng c th b gi ln nhau cc im
un ca ng to hnh c bn knh qu nh. Khi
mt ng to hnh h gp phi mt hay nhiu
feature hin c th c cc tu chn cho php kt
hp u mt ca ng to hnh vi b mt ca
feature (Merge End) hay n t do (Free
End) - xem hnh 7-2.
Hnh 7-2. Merge End v Free End

74
7.1.2. Trnh t to lp
Tu chn Sweep nm c trong chc nng Protrusion v Cut. Sau khi chn Sweep, ngi
dng cn c th chn to feature c (Solid) hay mng (Thin). Cc chn la ny s cho cc kt
qu khc nhau nhng trnh t thc hin th ging nhau theo cc bc di y.
Hnh 7-3. Cc dng Sweep-Cut

1. Chn phc tho ng to hnh (Sketched trajectory) hay chn ng to hnh
(Selected trajectory) t m hnh hin c.
Nu chn Sketched trajectory, bc tip theo l chn mt phng phc tho ng to
hnh v nh hng mi trng phc tho. Sau phc tho ng to hnh.
Nu chn Selected trajectory, bc tip theo l chn cc thc th to nn ng to
hnh t m hnh hin c.
2. Chn Done t mi trng v phc tho tip tc.
3. Chn Merge End hoc Free End.
4. Phc tho bin dng ca feature. Bin dng ca feature phi c phc tho ti im
bt u ca ng to hnh v vung gc vi ng to hnh ti im ny. Bin dng ca
feature phi l bin dng kn.
5. Chn Done thot khi mi trng phc tho.
6. Chn OK t hp thoi tin trnh kt thc.
7.2.
Cc feature hn hp - Blend
7.2.1. c im
Feature hn hp (Blend) l feature c to ra t 2 hay nhiu bin dng. Ni cch khc,
mt feature Blend c to thnh do s kt hp cc bin dng vi nhau ti cc mp ca chng.
C 3 loi feature hn hp: Parallel, Rotational v General.
Parallel Blend
Tu chn Parallel to mt feature hn hp c cc bin dng song song vi nhau. Cc
bin dng ny c phc tho trong cng mt mi trng. Ngoi ra, Pro/Engineer cn cung
cp cc tu chn thuc tnh Straight Blend - to cc phn on thng gia cc bin dng v
Smooth Blend - lm trn on ni gia cc bin dng ca feature. Hnh 7-4 minh ho cc
dng Parallel Blend.
75
Hnh 7-4. Cc dng Parallel Blend

Rotational Blend
L feature hn hp c cc bin dng to vi nhau mt gc xoay do ngi dng xc nh.
Cc bin dng trong mt feature ch xoay quanh mt trc xc nh, gc xoay ti a gia 2
bin dng cnh nhau l 1200. Trong mi bin dng ngi dng phi to mt h to v h
to ny xc nh im xoay ca bin dng. Cc tu chn thuc tnh Straight Blend v
Smooth Blend cng c dng cho loi feature hn hp ny. Hnh 7-5 minh ho cc dng
Rotational Blend.
Hnh 7-5. Cc dng Rotational Blend

General Blend
Tu chn ny tng t tu chn Rotational Blend nhng mt bin dng c th cng lc
xoay quanh c 3 trc to so vi mt bin dng khc. Hnh 7-6 minh ho mt feature dng
General Blend.
Hnh 7-6. General Blend
76
7.2.2. To lp mt Parallel Blend

Cc qui tc
- Mt feature hn hp phi c 2 bin dng tr ln. Pro/Engineer phn bit cc bin
dng, ngi dng phi xc nh khong cch cho cc bin dng.
- Trong hu ht cc trng hp, cc bin dng ca feature phi c cng s cnh. Ngoi
l duy nht l khi bin dng suy bin thnh mt im.
- im bt u ca mi bin dng phi nm v tr ging nhau v thng phi i theo
cng mt hng. Nu khng tun th qui tc ny th feature to thnh s c dng xon v .
Hnh 7-7. Cc bin dng v feature hn hp dng Parallel Blend

Trnh t to lp mt Parallel Blend
1. Xc lp cc tu chn Parallel Blend: chn chc nng Protrusion vi cc tu chn sau
- kiu Parallel Blend (vi Regular Sec)
- bin dng phc tho Sketched Sec
- tu chn thuc tnh Straight Blend
2. Chn v nh hng mt phng phc tho.
3. Phc tho bin dng th nht. Dng tu chn Sketch>>Sec Tools>>Start Point
gn im bt u ca bin dng (nu cn).
4. Chuyn bin dng: dng Sketch>>Sec Tools>>Toggle. Tu chn Toggle dng
chuyn t bin dng ny sang bin dng khc.
5. Lp li cc bc 3 v 4 to cc bin dng khc ca feature.
6. Chn Done trong menu Sketcher kt thc phc tho.
7. Nhp cc gi tr khong cch gia cc bin dng.
8. Chn OK trong hp thoi tin trnh kt thc.
7.3.
Cc chc nng ph tr
7.3.1. ng cong chun

Cc ng cong chun (datum curve) thng c s dng to cc feature ko theo
ng cong hoc to cc b mt (surface). Cc ng cong chun c xem l cc feature
trong Pro/Engineer v c tn l Curve_id# trong cy m hnh.
77
Trnh t to mt ng cong chun

Cc ng cong chun c th c phc tho bng cc cng c phc tho thng thng
hoc c to thnh t cc thc th hnh hc trn m hnh hin c. N c th kn hoc h.
Trnh t to mt ng cong chun nh sau:
1. Chn chc nng Create>>Datum>>Curve
2. Chn mt tu chn to ng cong chun trong menu CRV OPTION.
3. Chn Done v chn dng hnh hc tng ng vi tu chn trong bc 2.
Cc tu chn to mt Datum Curve
-
Sketch: ngi dng t phc tho bng cc cng c phc tho

thng thng. Cc ng cong c th kn hoc h.
Intr.Surfs (Intersection of Surfaces): to mt ng cong

chun l ng giao ca 2 b mt c chn.
Thru Point (Through Point): to mt ng cong chun i qua

cc im chun c sn do ngi dng chn.
From File: nhp mt ng cong chun t mt file d liu nh

IGES, VDA, SET hay IBL.
Composite: nh ngha mt ng cong chun bng cc ng

cong ni tip nhau hin c c chn.
Use Xsec: nh ngha mt ng cong chun bng cch chn

mt im giao bin dng.
Projected: nh ngha mt ng cong chun bng cch chiu mt bin dng ln

mt b mt c chn.
Formed: nh ngha mt ng cong chun bng cch dn mt bin dng ln mt

b mt c chn.
Split: nh ngha mt ng cong chun bng cch tham chiu cc ng cong b

ct.
OffsetFromSrf: nh ngha mt ng cong chun mi bng cch dch chuyn

mt ng cong hin c theo hng vung gc vi b mt.
From Curve: nh ngha mt ng cong chun mi bng cch dch chuyn mt

ng cong hin c theo hng tip tuyn vi b mt.
From Bndry: nh ngha mt ng cong chun mi bng cch dch chuyn mt

ng bao hin c theo hng tip tuyn vi b mt.
2Projections: nh ngha mt ng cong chun mi bng cch ly phn giao

nhau gia cc feature c extrude t hai bin dng phc tho.
From Equation: nh ngha mt ng cong chun mi thng qua mt cng thc.
7.3.2. im chun
im chun c dng trong qu trnh phc tho nh to l i qua mt im hay dng
to cc feature chun khc nh mt phng chun v ng cong chun.
78
Trnh t to mt im chun
1. Chn chc nng Create>>Datum>>Point
2. Chn mt tu chn to im chun trong menu DATUM POINT.
3. Chn Done v chn dng hnh hc tng ng vi tu chn trong bc 2.
Cc tu chn to im chun
- On Surface: to mt im chun ln mt b mt hay mt mt
phng chun, tham chiu n 2 mt phng.
- Offset Surf: tng t nh tu chn On Surface nhng dch chuyn
t b mt c chn mt khong xc nh.
- Curve X Srf: to mt im chun ti giao im ca mt ng
cong v mt b mt.
- On Vertex: to mt im chun ti nh ca mt ng cong
chun hay ti nh ca mt mp m hnh hin c.
- Offset Csys: to mt im chun dch chuyn t mt gc to hin c.
- Three Srf: to mt im chun ti giao im ca 3 b mt hoc mt phng chun.
- At Center: to mt im chun ti tm mt ng trn hay cung trn.
- On Curve: to mt im chun trn mt ng cong.
- Crv X Crv: to mt im chun trn mt ng cong ti mt im gn nht so vi
ng cong th hai c chn.
- Offset Point: to mt im chun trn mt i tng thng (trc, mp hay ng
thng chun) v cch mt im chun hin c mt khong xc nh.
-
Field Point: to mt mng im chun trn mt ng cong, cnh hay b mt.
7.3.3. H to
H to khng c s dng nhiu trong Pro/Engineer nhng mt s php to hnh
nh Blend phi dng n cc h to . C cc loi h to : vung gc, tr, v cu; trong
h to vung gc c s dng nhiu nht.
Trnh t to mt h to vung gc
1. Chn chc nng Create>>Datum>>Coord Sys
2. Chn mt tu chn to h to trong menu OPTIONS.
3. Chn Done v chn cc i tng hnh hc tng ng vi tu chn trong bc 2.
Sau khi chn cc i tng hnh hc xc nh mt h to , mt h to s xut
hin v ngi dng c th iu chnh hng ca cc trc bng cch chn tn ca trc trn
menu (khi trc tng ng c chiu sng) ri chn tu chn Reverse.
Cc tu chn to h to
- 3 Planes: to h to thng qua 3 mt phng c chn.
- Pnt + 2Axes: to h to bng cch chn gc v 2 trc chun c sn khng nht
thit phi i qua gc to .
79
- 2 Axes: to h to bng cch xc nh 2 trc i qua gc to .

- Offset: to h to bng cch tham chiu mt h to hin c.
- Offs By View: to h to song song vi mn hnh hin thi.
- Pln + 2Axes: to h to thng qua mt mt phng v 2 trc.
- Orig + ZAxis: to h to bng cch xc nh gc to v trc Z
i qua gc.
- From File: to h to tg file d liu hin c.
- Default: to h to mc nh. c xc nh thng qua bin dng
hin thi. Trc X l ng nm ngang, trc Y l ng thng ng,
gc to l im neo ca bin dng.
7.4.
Luyn tp
7.4.1. Thc hnh

Dng cc chc nng to lp feature un cong v hn hp cng vi cc chc nng to lp
m hnh khc ca Pro/Engineer to m hnh xung my (hnh 7-8).
Hnh 7-8. M hnh xung my (Ch07_TH01)

To feature c s (phn thn xung)
Dng chc nng Protrusion>>Extrude>>Solid to feature c s vi bin dng nh
hnh 7-9. Dng cc mt phng chun mc nh lm mt phng phc tho v tham chiu.
Cc kch thc l chiu di 60, bn knh cong 30. dy ko 20.
Hnh 7-9. Feature c s
80
To phn ui xung: feature ko hn hp - Blend

1. Dng chc nng Protrusion>>Blend>>Solid vi cc tu chn
- kiu ko: Parallel>>Regular Sec.
- kiu bin dng: Sketch
- thuc tnh Blend: Straight
2. Phc tho cc bin dng
Hnh 7-10.
Bin dng phn ui xung
- To mt phng phc tho: chn Make datum v to mt phng phc tho i qua 2
cnh l phn giao ca mt tr v 2 mt bn ca thn xung. nh hng mi trng
phc tho v chn cc tham chiu cn thit.
- Phc tho bin dng th nht: v bin dng th nht trng vi hnh chiu ca phn thn
xung trn mt phng phc tho --> dng tu chn Geom Tools>>Use Edge v chn
cc cnh bn ca hnh chiu ca phn thn xung lm bin dng th nht.
- Chuyn sang phc tho bin dng th hai: Sec Tools>>Toggle
- Phc tho bin dng th hai: c dng hnh ch nht, vi 2 cnh bn trng vi 2 cnh
bn ca bin dng th nht, cnh trn v di dch vo 5. Dng tu chn Rectangle v
nh cc kch thc, rng buc nh hnh 7-10.
- Chn Done t menu Sketcher hon thin bin dng.
3. Nhp khong cch gia 2 bin dng: chn Blind>>Done v nhp vo 50.
4. Chn OK t hp thoi tin trnh kt thc to phn ui.
Hnh 7-11.
M hnh phn ui xung
81
To phn mi xung: feature ko hn hp

Tng t nh to phn ui xung, to phn ny cng dng chc nng
Protrusion>>Blend>>Solid v cc tu chn c bn nh trn. Tuy nhin thuc tnh Blend,
mt phng phc tho, cc bin dng v khong cch gia chng l thay i.
- thuc tnh Blend: Smooth
- Mt phng phc tho: l mt phng i qua mt trc ca phn thn.
- Bin dng: c 4 bin dng vi cc kch thc v rng buc nh trong hnh 7-12. Lu
rng bin dng cui cng l mt im.
- Khong cch gi cc bin dng = 10.
Hnh 7-12.
Bin dng v m hnh phn mi xung
Khot lng xung: feature v mng

Dng chc nng Shell vi dy thnh = 5.
To tay vn pha trc: feature un cong
- Dng chc nng Protrusion>>Sweep>>Solid vi tu chn phc tho ng to hnh
Sketch Traj.
- To mt phng phc tho ng to hnh: chn Make Datum v to mt phng phc
tho l mt phng offset t mt u ca phn thn vi khong cch = 15. nh hng mi
trng phc tho v cc tham chiu.
- Phc tho ng to hnh vi hnh dng v kch thc nh hnh 7-12.
- Chn thuc tnh cho cc im cui l Merge Ends.
- Phc tho bin dng ca Sweep: bin dng ca Sweep l mt ng trn ng knh 4,
c tm trng vi im bt u ca ng to hnh.
- Chn OK t hp thoi tin trnh kt thc.
Hnh 7-13.
Bin dng v m hnh ca tay vn pha trc
82
7.4.2. Bi tp
Bi tp 1.
Dng cc chc nng ca Pro/Engineer to m hnh chi tit nh trong hnh v sau.
Hnh 7-14.
Ch07_BT01
Bi tp 2.
Dng chc nng Blend ca Pro/Engineer to m hnh chi tit chu cnh nh trong hnh
v sau.
Gi :
- Phn chu dng 4 bin dng. Phn y dng 2 bin dng. Cc kch thc c bn l:
Ming chu: 600x420
y chu = nh : 200x120
y : 350x270
Chiu cao chu: 200
Chiu cao : 100
- Ngi dng c th sng to m hnh to chu hoa hnh lc gic, bt gic hay c hnh
dng theo ngi dng.
Hnh 7-15.
Ch07_BT02
83
Chng 7. To cc feature un cong v hn hp.......................................................74

7.1. Cc feature un cong - Sweep.....................................................................................74
7.1.1. c im................................................................................................................... 74
7.1.2. Trnh t to lp.......................................................................................................... 75
7.2. Cc feature hn hp - Blend ........................................................................................75
7.2.1. c im................................................................................................................... 75
7.2.2. To lp mt Parallel Blend........................................................................................ 77
7.3. Cc chc nng ph tr ....................................................................................................77
7.3.1. ng cong chun .................................................................................................... 77

7.3.2. im chun............................................................................................................... 78
7.3.3. H to ................................................................................................................... 79
7.4. Luyn tp.................................................................................................................................80
7.4.1. Thc hnh ................................................................................................................. 80

7.4.2. Bi tp ....................................................................................................................... 83
84
Chng 8. M hnh ho nng cao

Cc chc nng to lp cc feature c hnh dng c bn nh cc chc nng Extrude,
Revolve, Blend hay Sweep c gii thiu trong cc chng trc. Chng ny gii thiu
cc chc nng m hnh ho nng cao, to lp cc feature c hnh dng phc tp nh cc
feature un cong c bin dng thay i (Swept Blend, Variable Section Sweep) hay cc feature
dng xon nh l xo hay ng ren (Helical Sweep).
8.1.
Swept Blend
8.1.1. Khi nim

Swept Blend l mt feature kt hp gia mt feature un cong v mt feature hn hp.
Ni cch khc, feature dng ny c cc bin dng thay i dc theo ng to hnh bt k
(hnh 8-1). ng to hnh v cc bin dng c th c v hay c chn.
Hnh 8-1. Cc bin dng, ng to hnh v feature un cong hn hp

8.1.2. To mt Swept Blend
Cc tu chn pht trin bin dng theo ng to hnh
Pro/Engineer cung cp 3 tu chn pht trin bin dng theo ng to hnh cho chc
nng Swept Blend.
- Normal to Origin Trajectory (NrmToOriginTraj): lm cho mi bin dng ca
feature u vung gc vi ng to hnh.
- Pivot Direction (Pivot Dir): lm cho cc bin dng ca feature vung gc vi mt
trc, mt mt phng, mt mp, mt ng cong hay trc quay c chn.
- Normal to Trajectorry (Norm To Traj): lm cho cc bin dng ca feature vung
gc vi ng to hnh th hai trong khi vn pht trin theo ng to hnh th nht.
84
Trnh t to lp
1. Chn tu chn
Protrusion>>Advanced.
Swept
Blend
trong
menu
hnh
ho
nng
cao
2. Chn phng php xc nh bin dng: Sketch Sec - phc tho bin dng hay Select
Sec - chn bin dng t m hnh hin c.
3. Chn tu chn pht trin bin dng theo ng to hnh (xem phn trn)
4. Chn phng php xc nh ng to hnh: Sketch Traj - phc tho hay Select Traj
- chn t m hnh hin c.
5. Chn v nh hng mt phng phc tho ng to hnh. Xc nh cc tham chiu.
6. Phc tho ng to hnh. Khi hon thnh, chn Done kt thc.
7. Xc nhn vic cc nh ca bin dng c ch ra trn ng to hnh (thng l ti
cc im un ): Accept chp nhn, Next b qua v chuyn sang nh k tip.
Hnh 8-2. ng to hnh v bin dng ti cc nh

8. Nhp vo gi tr quay quanh trc Z i vi bin dng (thng = 0).
9. Phc tho bin dng u tin ca feature. Khi hon thnh, chn Done.
10. Lp li cc bc 8 v 9 phc tho cc bin dng khc ca feature.
11. Khi phc tho n im cui ca ng to hnh th Pro/Engineer t ng kt thc
cng vic v tr v hp thoi tin trnh.
8.2.
Variable Section Sweep
8.2.1. Khi nim

Variable Section Sweep l mt feature c hnh dng phc tp. Nh tn gi ca n m
t, y l mt feature cong, c bin dng thay i theo cc ng to hnh. Tu chn ny ko
mt bin dng dc theo mt hay nhiu ng to hnh, vi nhiu mc iu khin khc
nhau.
85
- iu khin hng ca cc bin dng.

- S ging thng ca cc bin dng vi mt hay nhiu ng to hnh thay i hnh
dng ca bin dng.
- Kch c ca bin dng c th c thay i (variable) hoc khng (constant).
FINISHED FEATURE
Hnh 8-3. Variable Section Sweep

Cc dng ng to hnh cho feature loi ny gm c (hnh 8-3):
- Origin Trajectory: l ng to hnh bt buc i vi tt c cc feature dng ny,
dng xc nh hng ko.
- X Trajectory: ng to hnh xc nh vector nm ngang ca mt bin dng.
- Trajectory: Cc ng to hnh khc.
Cc ng to hnh u c th v hay chn t m hnh hin c.
8.2.2. To mt Variable Section Sweep
Cc tu chn pht trin bin dng theo ng to hnh
Pro/Engineer cung cp 3 tu chn pht trin bin dng theo ng to hnh cho chc
nng Variable Section Sweep.
- Normal to Origin Trajectory (NrmToOriginTraj): lm cho mi bin dng ca
feature u vung gc vi ng to hnh gc (Origin Trajectory). Tu chn ny i hi phi
c mt ng Origin Trajectory v mt ng X Trajectory.
- Pivot Direction (Pivot Dir): lm cho cc bin dng ca feature vung gc vi mt
trc, mt mt phng, mt mp, ng cong hay trc quay c chn. Tu chn ny khng
nht thit yu cu mt ng X Trajectory.
- Normal to Trajectorry (Norm To Traj): lm cho cc bin dng ca feature vung
gc vi mt ng to hnh th hai trong feature. Tu chn ny i hi phi c mt ng
Trajectory v mt bin dng.
Trnh t to mt Variable Section Sweep
1. Chn tu chn Variable Section Sweep (Var Sec Sweep) trong menu m hnh ho
nng cao Protrusion>>Advanced.
2. Chn tu chn pht trin bin dng theo ng to hnh (xem phn trn)
86
3. Chn phng php xc nh ng to hnh: Sketch Traj - phc tho hay Select Traj
- chn t m hnh hin c.
4. Chn ng to hnh gc (Origin trajectory). Khi hon thnh, chn Done kt thc.
5. Chn ng to hnh X (X Trajectory). Khi hon thnh, chn Done kt thc.
6. Chn hoc to cc ng to hnh khc. Khi hon thnh, chn Done trn menu
Variable Section Sweep kt thc.
7. Phc tho bin dng ca feature. Khi hon thnh, chn Done.
Ghi ch:
V mt Variable Section Sweep thng yu cu nhiu ng to hnh nn ngi ta
thng to trc chng ri mi dng lnh Variable Section Sweep.
8.3.
Helical Sweep
8.3.1. Khi nim

Tu chn Helical Sweep rt thch hp vi vic to lp cc feature xon c nh l xo hay
ng ren. Cc feature l xo c to bng chc nng Protrusion cn cc feature ren c to
bng chc nng Cut.
Cc feature Helical Sweep c xc nh bng pitch. i vi mt feature ren th pitch l
khong cch t mt im trn ng ren ny n mt im tng ng trn ng ren k tip.
i vi mt feature l xo th pitch l khong cch t mt im trn vng ny n mt im
tng ng trn vng k tip. Pro/Engineer cho php to mt feature c pitch khng i hoc
thay i.
Chiu pht trin ca xon c cng c xc nh, cng chiu hoc ngc chiu kim
ng h.
Hnh 8-4. Cc feature dng xon c (Helical Sweep)

8.3.2. To mt Helical Sweep
Tu chn Helical Sweep c cung cp trong c chc nng Protrusion v Cut. Mt
Helical Sweep ca chc nng Protrusion s to cc feature l xo trong khi vi chc nng Cut
s to ren. Cc thuc tnh v trnh t to lp th hon ton ging nhau.
87
Cc thuc tnh to Helical Sweep

- Constant: to mt Helical Sweep c pitch khng i
- Variable: to mt Helical Sweep c pitch thay i
- Thru Axis: to mt Helical Sweep xunh quanh mt trc, trc ny c v dng
ng to hnh th nht ca feature.
- Norm to Traj: to mt Helical Sweep vung gc vi ng to hnh c v.
- Right handed: to mt Helical Sweep c theo chiu cng chiu kim ng h
- Left handed: to mt Helical Sweep c theo chiu ngc chiu kim ng h
Trnh t to lp
Hnh 8-5. Cu trc mt Helical Sweep

1. Chn tu chn Helical Swp trn menu Advanced feature.
2. Chn cc thuc tnh thch hp (xem phn trn).
3. Chn v nh hng mt phng phc tho to mt chiu ng ca feature.
4. Phc tho mt chiu ng ca feature (nh hnh 8-4), bao gm ng trc (to bng
mt ng tm - Centerline) v ng bin dng. Khi hon thnh chn Done.
5. Nhp vo gi tr pitch.
6. Phc tho bin dng mt ct ngang ca feature. Khi hon thnh chn Done.
7. Chn OK trong hp thoi tin trnh kt thc.
88
8.4.
Luyn tp
8.4.1. Thc hnh

To m hnh chi tit ng ni c tit din thay i (dng Swept Blend) nh hnh 8-6.
Hnh 8-6. Ch08_TH01

1. To mt bch th nht v th hai theo kch thc trn hnh 8-7 v 8-8.
Hnh 8-7.
Mt bch th nht
Hnh 8-8.
Mt bch th hai
2. To thn ng dng Swept Blend

- Dng chc nng Swept Blend vi tu
chn Thin (ng thnh mng), thuc tnh
NrmToOriginTraj v Sketch Traj.
- Chn mt phng chun pha trc
(vung gc vi mt phng cha cc mt bch)
lm mt phng phc tho
- Phc tho ng to hnh theo cc thng s
trn hnh 8-9.
- B qua cc nh gia trn ng to
hnh (ch xc nh bin dng im u v cui
ng to hnh).
Hnh 8-9. ng to hnh
- Bin dng ti nh u v cui u ly gc quay ca trc Z = 0. Bin dng trng vi

bin dng ca cc l tng ng trn cc mt bch (dng tu chn Use Edge).
- dy ca thnh ng = 0.125.
89
8.4.2. Bi tp
Bi tp 1: Chi tit chai
Hnh 8-10.
Chi tit chai (Ch08_BT01)
Bi tp 2: To chi tit bu lng
Hnh 8-11.
Chi tit bu lng (Ch08_BT02)
90
Chng 8. M hnh ho nng cao .........................................................................................84

8.1. Swept Blend...........................................................................................................................84
8.1.1. Khi nim ................................................................................................................. 84

8.1.2. To mt Swept Blend ................................................................................................ 84
8.2. Variable Section Sweep ..................................................................................................85
8.2.1. Khi nim ................................................................................................................. 85

8.2.2. To mt Variable Section Sweep .............................................................................. 86
8.3. Helical Sweep .......................................................................................................................87
8.3.1. Khi nim ................................................................................................................. 87

8.3.2. To mt Helical Sweep ............................................................................................. 87
8.4. Luyn tp.................................................................................................................................89
8.4.1. Thc hnh ................................................................................................................. 89

8.4.2. Bi tp ....................................................................................................................... 90
91
Chng 9. Cc cng c x l feature

9.1.
Nhm cc feature
Hu ht cc tu chn hiu chnh ca Pro/Engineer u thc hin trn cc feature ring

l. Tuy nhin, trong nhiu trng hp, mt nhm feature li c x l cng vi nhau nh
trong trng hp to mt mng ca mt nhm feature (hnh 9-1). Pro/Engineer cung cp cc
cng c to nhm cc feature v x l vi nhm cc feature.
Hnh 9-1. Mt nhm c to mng

9.1.1. Menu Group
Menu Group cung cp cc cng c to v x l vi nhm cc feature.
Create - to nhm
Tu chn ny c cung cp to mi mt nhm. C 2 tu chn: User-Defined
Feature (UDF) v Local Group. UDF l nhm feature do ngi dng n nh, n c th c
lu trn a cng v s dng trong mt mi trng khc. Khi mt UDF c t trong mt i
tng, n s tr thnh mt feature c nhm li. Nhm cc b - Local Group, ch c to v
dng trong m hnh hin hnh.
Pattern - to mng
Tu chn ny c dng to mt mng trn (xoay) hoc ch nht (tuyn tnh) ca
mt nhm feature. Tu chn Group>>Pattern hot ng nh chc nng Feature>>Pattern.
Replace - thay th
Tu chn ny thay th mt UDF c trong i tng. UDF mi phi c cng mt s
v loi tham chiu. Mt nhm cc b th khng c thay th.
Unpattern - hu to mng
Tu chn ny ngt mi quan h mng gia cc nhm thnh vin ca mng.
Ungroup - hu to nhm
Tu chn ny hu mt nhm c nh ngha.
91
9.1.2. Cc loi nhm

C 2 loi nhm: nhm do ngi dng n nh (User-Defined Feature) v nhm cc b
(Local Group).
Mt UDF l cc feature c nhm li v lu sang a, thng to thnh mt th vin
UDF. Mt UDF c th c tm v t vo m hnh hot ng hin hnh. Khi mt UDF c
t trong mt i tng, n tr thnh feature c nhm li trn cy m hnh.
Mt nhm cc b l mt tp hp cc feature c sn ch trong m hnh hin hnh. Cc
feature c kt hp hnh thnh mt nhm cc b phi nm k nhau theo th t to li. Do
, im lu trong qu trnh to m hnh l t cc feature nhm n nh nm k nhau
trn cy m hnh.
Trnh t to mt nhm cc b nh sau:
1. Chn Feature>>Group>>Create, xut hin hp thoi Open.
2. Chn Cancel trn hp thoi Open
3. Chn Local group trn menu CREATE GROUP, sau nhp tn cho nhm.
4. Trn cy m hnh, chn cc feature cn a vo nhm.
5. Chn Done trn menu CREATE GROUP kt thc.
9.1.3. To mng cho nhm
Cc nhm UDF hay nhm cc b u c th c to mng tng t nh cch to mng
cc feature ring l. Cc mng trn (xoay - rotational) v ch nht (tuyn tnh - linear) c th
c to. Trnh t to mt mng nh sau:
1. Chn Feature>>Group>>Pattern, xut hin hp thoi Open --> ng hp thoi ny
li v chn tu chn Pattern.
2. Chn nhm cn c to mng t mn hnh ho hoc trn cy m hnh.
3. Chn kch thc c bn cho hng to mng th nht.
4. Nhp gia s kch thc cho kch thc c bn theo hng u tin
5. Nhp s phn t ca mng theo hng u tin
6. Lp li bc 3, 4, 5 nu c hng to mng th hai.
Ghi ch: kch thc c bn s quyt nh kiu ca mng l trn hay ch nht. S hng
to mng quyt nh s chiu ca mng.
Hnh 9-2. Kch thc c bn c chn quyt nh kiu mng
92
9.2.
Sao chp cc feature
Lnh Copy c dng to mt bn sao n ca mt hay nhiu feature. Bn sao c

to ra bng cch thay i cc tham chiu v/hoc bng cch thay i cc gi tr kch thc.
Khng ging nh chc nng to mng, nhiu feature c th c Copy cng lc. C 4 loi bn
sao c bn c th c to ra: bn sao i xng, bn sao quay, bn sao tnh tin v bn sao
tham chiu mi (hnh 9-3).
Dependent (ph thuc) v Independent (c lp)
Trong tt c cc tu chn sao chp u cho php la chn s lin quan gia feature gc
v feature sao: Dependent v Independent.
Khi mt feature c copy vi thuc tnh Dependent, cc kch thc ca feature gc s
iu khin cc kch thc ca feature sao. Nu mt kch thc b thay i trong bn gc th
kch thc tng ng c thay i trong bn sao.
Tu chn Independent cho php cc feature sao c lp hon ton vi feature gc. Cc
thay i ca kch thc trong feature gc s khng lm nh hng g n cc kch thc trong
bn sao.
Hnh 9-3. Cc tu chn Copy

9.2.1. Mirror - to feature i xng
Tu chn Mirror to mt bn sao i xng ca cc feature chn. Ngi dng phi
chn cc feature gc v sau xc nh mt mt phng i xng. Trnh t thc hin nh sau:
1. Chn Feature>>Copy>>Mirror
2. Chn Dependent (ph thuc) hay Independent (c lp), sau chn Done.
3. Chn cc feature gc: trn mn hnh ho hoc cy m hnh. Done kt thc.
4. Xc nh mt mt i xng: c th chn hoc to mi.
93
9.2.2. Move>>Rotate - sao chp quay cc feature

Tu chn Move dng sao chp cc feature. Move>>Rotate sao chp cc feature
bng cch quay chng quanh mt trc, cnh, ng cong chun hay mt h to . Trnh t
tin hnh nh sau.
1. Chn Feature>>Copy>>Move
2. Chn gia Independent hoc Dependent
3. Chn cc feature gc
4. Chn tu chn Rotate trn menu MOVE FEATURE
5. Chn trc quay: Plane, CRV/EDG/AXIS hay CSYS trn menu GEN SEL DIR
6. Chn thc th hnh hc tng ng
7. Xc nh hng quay cho ng ri Okey.
8. Nhp gc quay
9. Chn Done Move kt thc.
10. Chn kch thc cn thay i trn hp thoi GP VAR DIMS (bc tu ), sau
chn Done ng hp thoi ny.
9.2.3. Move>>Translate - sao chp tnh tin cc feature
Php sao chp tnh tin (Move>>Translate) cho php sao chp cc feature bng cch
tnh tin chng trong khng gian. Cc feature c sao chp vung gc vi mt mt phng
c chn. Trnh t thc hin nh sau:
1. Chn Feature>>Copy>>Move
4. Chn tu chn Translate trn menu MOVE FEATURE
5. Chn PLAN trn menu GEN SEL DIR, sau chn mt mt phng cc feature
s c sao chp vung gc vi mt phng .
6. Xc nh hng tnh tin cho ng ri Okey.
7. Nhp gi tr tnh tin.
8. Chn Done Move kt thc.
9.2.4. New Reference - sao chp vi tham chiu mi
Tu chn New Reference (New Refs) sao chp cc feature chn bng cch xc nh
cc tham chiu mi v thay i cc kch thc. Trnh t thc hin nh sau:
1. Chn Feature>>Copy>>New Refs
94
5. Chn mt tu chn cho mi tham chiu c chiu sng, sau thc hin vic chn
phn tham chiu thch hp. Vi mi tham chiu, phi chn mt trong cc tu chn
sau:
+ Alternate: yu cu chn mt tham chiu mi cho bn sao.
+ Same: gi li phn tham chiu ang c chiu sng cho bn sao.
+ Skip: b qua vic n nh tham chiu mi.
+ Ref Info: cung cp thng tin v tham chiu hin thi.
6. Chn Done trm menu GRP PLACE kt thc.
9.2.5. Same Reference - sao chp vi cng tham chiu
Tu chn Same Reference (Same Refs) sao chp cc feature chn bng gi nguyn
cc tham chiu v ch thay i cc kch thc. Trnh t thc hin nh sau:
1. Chn Feature>>Copy>>Same Refs
3. Chn cc feature gc.
4. Chn kch thc cn thay i trn hp thoi GP VAR DIMS , sau chn Done
ng hp thoi ny.
5. Nhp cc gi tr mi cho cc kch thc cn thay i chn.
9.3.
Cc quan h
Cc quan h ton hc v quan h iu kin c th c thit lp gia cc gi tr kch

thc. Cc quan h (Relations) s dng trong mi trng phc tho c gii thiu trong
chng 3. Trong mi trng Part, chc nng Relations c dng thit lp quan h cho 2
kch thc bt k ca chi tit. Trong mi trng Assembly, chc nng ny cn cho php thit
lp quan h gia cc kch thc ca cc chi tit khc nhau trong cm lp rp.
Cc kch thc c th c trnh by dng gi tr s hay di dng cc k hiu. Trong
cc biu thc quan h, mi kch thc c biu din bng mt k hiu.
Hnh 9-4. Cc kch thc c biu din dng cc k hiu

95
Hu ht cc ton t i s v hm c th c s dng thit lp cc biu thc quan h

gia cc kch thc. Bng 9-1 lit k cc php ton, cc hm v cc ton t so snh c h
tr trong cc cu lnh quan h. Tt c cc hm lng gic u dng n v o l (degree).
Bng 9-1. Cc php ton trong cc cu lnh quan h

K hiu
+
*
/
^
()
=
cos( )
sin( )
tan( )
sqrt( )
==
>
<
>=
<=
!=
/
&
~
ngha
Php cng
Php tr
Php nhn
Php chia
Php lu tha
Du ngoc n nhm
Bng nhau
Hm Cos
Hm Sin
Hm Tang
Hm cn bc hai
Php so snh bng
Php so snh ln hn
Php so snh nh hn
Php so snh ln hn hoc bng
Php so snh nh hn hoc bng
Php so snh khng bng
Ton t HOC (OR)
Ton t V (AND)
Ton t KHNG (NOT)
V d
d1=d2+d3
d1=d2-d3
d1=d2*d3
d1=d2/d3
d1=d2^3
d1=(d2+d3)*d4
d1=d2
d1=cos(d2)
d2=sin(d3)/2
d1=d3*tan(d2)
d2=sqrt(d1)
d1==5.0
d2>d1
d2<d1
d2>=d1
d2<=d1
d2 != d1
(d2*d1) / (d3*d4)
(d2*d1) & (d3*d4)
(d2*d1) ~ (d3*d4)
9.3.1. Cu lnh iu kin IF-ELSE

Cu lnh iu kin cho php iu kin cc kch thc ca m hnh v lm tho mn cc
mc ch thit k mt cch linh hot. Cu trc ca cu lnh iu kin nh sau:
IF biu thc so snh
cc php ton nu biu thc so snh l ng (TRUE), mi php ton vit trn mt dng
ELSE
cc php ton nu biu thc so snh l sai (FALSE), mi php ton vit trn mt dng
ENDIF
9.3.2. Thm v hiu chnh cc quan h
Cc quan h c thm vo mt i tng bng cch s dng tu chn
Relations>>Add. Sau khi chn feature cn thit lp quan h, cc kch thc v tham s ca
n c hin th vi cc k hiu kch thc c gn ca chng. Nhp cc biu thc quan h
vo nhp. Mi ln nhp ch c nhp mt biu thc.
96
Cc tu chn Sho Rel (Show Relations) cho php xem cc quan h hin c v Edit Rel
(Edit Relations) cho php xem, hiu chnh hoc thm mi cc quan h.
9.4.
Family table
9.4.1. Khi nim

Mt h cc chi tit (Family of Part) bao gm cc chi tit c chung cc feature hnh hc.
Mt v d v h cc chi tit l cc bu lng u 6 cnh. Chng c th c nhiu kch c nhng
c chung cc c im, v d nh feature u v tham s ren tng t (hnh 9-5).
Hnh 9-5. Mt h cc chi tit bu lng u 6 cnh

Khng c mt tu chn ring bit no to mt Family Table. Mt Family Table c
to t ng khi mt thnh phn c chn thm vo Family Table. V d v cc thnh phn
c th c thm vo nh l cc kch thc, feature hay tham s ngi dng. thm mt
thnh phn, chn tu chn Item t menu Family Table, sau chn loi thnh phn cn
thm. C th chn cc thnh phn bng cch chn trn mn hnh ho hay t cy m hnh.
9.4.2. To mt Family Table
Gn cc thnh phn vo Family Table
1. To mt chi tit in hnh ca h, bao gm y cc feature m c xut hin cc
chi tit thnh phn.
2. Chn chc nng Family Tab (Family Table) t menu Part.
3. Chn tu chn Add Item, sau chn loi thnh phn cn a thm vo t menu
ITEM TYPE (Dimension, feature, parameter,...).
4. Chn cc thnh phn cn a thm vo. Chn xong th chn Done tr v.
Khi c t nht mt thnh phn c a thm vo trong ln u tin th Family Table s
c to.
Hiu chnh Family Table
1. Chn Family Tab>>Edit
97
2. Xut hin mt ca s hin th Family Table di dng bng s liu. Cc hng th hin
cc phin bn ca m hnh. Cc ct th hin cc thnh phn c a vo qun l trong
Family Table.
3. Thm, bt, sa cha cc phin bn ca m hnh.
4. Ghi li (File>>Save) v ng ca s Family Table.
Hin th mt phin bn t Family Table
Tu chn ny ch thc hin c khi ngi dng gn cc gi tr cho cc phin bn
ca m hnh trong Family Table.
1. Chn Family Tab>>Instance
2. Chn phin bn mun hin th t ca s Family Tree
Khi phin bn c chn s hin th trong mt ca s mi.
9.5.
Luyn tp
9.5.1. Thc hnh

To m hnh chi tit nh hnh 9-6 vi cc cng c sao chp.
Hnh 9-6. Ch09_TH01

1. To feature c s
(phn thn hnh tr) dng
feature xoay vi bin
dng nh hnh 9-7.
Hnh 9-7. Phn thn

2. To mt phn
ko y (tai 1) chiu
su ko =1, bao gm c
l ng trc 0.5 nh
hnh 9-8.
Hnh 9-8. Tai 1
98
3. To i xng
feature ko.
Hnh 9-9. Tham s to i xng

4. Copy xoay chi
tit ko.
Hnh 9-10.
Tham s copy xoay
5. Thm cc quan
h kch thc.
d12=d1
d14=d1/5
...
Hnh 9-11.
Cc k hiu kch thc
99
9.5.2. Bi tp
To cc m hnh chi tit sau.
Hnh 9-12.
Ch09_BT01
Hnh 9-13.
Ch09_BT02
Hnh 9-14.
Ch09_BT03
100
Chng 9. Cc cng c x l feature ...............................................................................91

9.1. Nhm cc feature ..............................................................................................................91
9.1.1. Menu Group.............................................................................................................. 91

9.1.2. Cc loi nhm ...........................................................................................................92
9.1.3. To mng cho nhm .................................................................................................92
9.2. Sao chp cc feature .......................................................................................................93
9.2.1.
9.2.2.
9.2.3.
9.2.4.
9.2.5.
Mirror - to feature i xng .................................................................................... 93

Move>>Rotate - sao chp quay cc feature.............................................................. 94
Move>>Translate - sao chp tnh tin cc feature.................................................... 94
New Reference - sao chp vi tham chiu mi ........................................................ 94
Same Reference - sao chp vi cng tham chiu...................................................... 95
9.3. Cc quan h ...........................................................................................................................95
9.3.1. Cu lnh iu kin IF-ELSE ..................................................................................... 96

9.3.2. Thm v hiu chnh cc quan h............................................................................... 96
9.4. Family table .........................................................................................................................97
9.4.1. Khi nim ................................................................................................................. 97

9.4.2. To mt Family Table............................................................................................... 97
9.5. Luyn tp.................................................................................................................................98
9.5.1. Thc hnh ................................................................................................................. 98

9.5.2. Bi tp ..................................................................................................................... 100
101
Chng 10. cc cng c c bn to bn v

10.1.
Gii thiu
Chng ny gii thiu cc im c bn sau:
Cch to cc hnh chiuca mt m hnh hin c trong m hnh bn v
Xc lp, truy tm v to cc dng sheet
Thay i cc tu chn file Drawing Setup
To hnh chiu chi tit
p dng cc kch thc theo tham s v khng theo tham s vo mt bn v
Ghi dung sai hnh hc, ng tm
To cc ghi ch
To bng k
10.2. File ci t bn v
Fiel ci t bn v Drawing Setup File (DTL) dng xc lp cc tham s iu khin
din mo ca bn v. V d cc tham s bao gm: chiu cao text, kch c u mi tn, kiu
u mi tn, cc n v bn v, v.v. File ci t bn v mc nh ca Pro/ENGINEER
(prodetail.dtl) nm trong th mc (Program File\proe2000i\text). Cc file DTL c th c
to mi hoc cc xc lp bn v hin hnh c thay i bng tu chn Advanced Draw
Setup t meu manager.
V d cc tu chn ci t file bn v thng thng:
Bng 10-1.
Cc tu chn ci t file bn v
Tu chn/M t
crossec_arrow_length
Gi tr mc nh
0.1875
iu khin chiu di ca cc u mi tn ng mt phng ct

crossec_arrow_width
0.0625
iu khin chiu rng ca cc u mi tn ng mt phng ct

dim_leader_length
0.5000
iu khin chiu di ca mt ng kch thc khi cc u mi tn

nm bn ngoi cc ng m rng
Draw_arrow_length
0.1875
Xc lp chiu di ca cc u mi tn kch thc

Draw_arrow_style
Xc lp kiu u mi tn
Draw_arrow_width
Closed (m
c lp y)
hay
0.0625
Xc lp chiu rng ca cc u mi tn kch thc
Chng 10. Cc cng c c bn to bn v
101
10.3. Cc dng sheet

Pro/ENGINEER cung cp nhiu dng chun c n nh sn vi cc kch c sheet
ANSI v ISO (v d nh cc kch c A, B, C v D). Cc sheet ny c th bao gm ng vin,
khi tiu , cc ghi ch. Nhng dng chun ny c th c chnh sa to mt dng tu .
Ngoi ra ch Format ca Pro/ENGINEER c th c s dng to mt dng sheet mi
10.3.1. Chnh sa cc dng sheet
Bc 1: Khi ng Pro/ENGINEER
Bc 2: Chn FileOpen
Bc 3: M file cn chnh sa (trn hp thoi file open, tu chn File Type c th c
thay i ch hin th cc file Format)
Bc 4: S dng cc cng c to v chnh sa phc tho chnh sa dng.
Bc 4: Chn tu chn Save t menu file.
10.3.2. To cc dng
Cc dng c th c to ngay
t u. Ch format l module nn
tng Pro/ENGINEER dng to
cc dng sheet chun. Mt dng mi
c th c to bng cch s dng tu
chn File New Format. Khi mt
dng mi c to ln u
Pro/ENGINEER hin th hp thoi
New Format (hnh 10.1)
T hp thoi ny ta c th chn
cc dng chun c sn nh A4, A3,
v.v. nm ngang hoc thng ng hay
thit lp theo mt kch thc mi bng
tu chn Variable.
Hnh 10-1. Hp thoi New Format

10.4. To mt bn v mi
Tu chn Drawing t hp thoi New c s dng to cc bn v mi. Nhp vo tn
file bn v v chn OK, khi xut hin hp thoi New Drawing (hnh 10.2). Nu mt m
hnh chi tit ang c lu trong b nh, Pro/ENGINEER mc nh ly m hnh ny to
bn v t . tm kim cc m hnh khc s dng tu chn Browse
102
Hp thoi New Drawing cng

cung cp cc tu chn xc nh
mt kch c trang chun hay mt dng
tu .
Hnh 10-2. Hp thoi New Drawing

10.5. Cc khung xem (hnh chiu) bn v
10.5.1. Menu Views
Tu chn menu views c s dng to cc khung xem ca mt m hnh
Pro/ENGINEER hin c. Menu Views c nhiu la chn x l v chnh sa cc khung xem
hin c:
Add View: to cc hnh chiu mi
Move View: di chuyn cc hnh chiu trn mn hnh lm vic
Modify View: chnh sa mt hnh chiu
Erase View: Xo mt hnh chiu, tm thi loi n ra khi mn hnh bn v. Vic xo
mt bn v s loi n ra khi tin trnh to li nhng khng nh hng n bt k hnh chiu
khc, k c cc hnh chiu con. a hnh chiu tr v mn hnh bn v, s dng tu chn
Resume View
Delete View: Loi b vnh vin mt hnh chiu ra khi bn v
Relate View: Gn cc thc th phc tho vo mt hnh chiu
Disp Mode: Chnh sa ch hin th ca mt hnh chiu chn
Dwg Models: Cho php cc m hnh b xung c thm vo bn v hin hnh.
10.5.2. Cc kiu khung xem (hnh chiu)
Khung xem General: Khung xem General l kiu khung xem c bn, n l khung xem
u tin c t vo mt bn v.
103
Khung xem Projection: L mt hnh chiu t khung xem General hoc t mt khung
xem hin c.
Khung xem Auxiliary: c s dng chiu mt khung xem khi cc php tuyn ca
hnh chiu khng hat ng, chng c s dng hin th kch c thc ca mt b mt vn
khng th c hin th t mt trong su khung xem chnh. Cc khung xem Auxiliary c
chiu t mt cnh hay trc chn.
Khung xem Detailed: Khi chi tit qu nh n ni khng th m t y bng mt
khung xem projection chun. Trong trng hp nh vy, cc phn t ca mt bn vc
phng to cho phptnh by chi tit chnh xc hn.
Khung xem Revolved: c s dng hin th mt ct ngang ca mt b phn hay chi
tit. Mt khung xem Revolved c th l mt khung xem Full hay khung xem Partial.
10.6. To mt khung xem General
Bc 1: Chn Views Add View
Bc 2: Chn General lm kiu khung xem
Bc 3: Chn Full View lm ch hin th
Bc 4: Chn NoXSec lm kiu mt ct ngang
Bc 5: Chn Scale Done
Bc 6: Trn mn hnh lm vic chn mt v tr cho khung xem
Bc 7: Nhp h s t l cho khung xem
Bc 8: nh hng m hnh bng cch s dng hp thoi Orientation
Bc 9: Them cc khung xem b xung nu cn thit
10.7. To khung xem (hnh chiu) Detailed
Trong Pro/ENGINEER, mt khung xem detailed c th c to vo bt c lc no sau
khi mt khung xem general c to.T l ca mt khung xem detailed c lp vi khung
xem b ca n.
Bc 1: Chn ViewsAdd view
Bc 2: Chn DetailedDone
Bc 3: Chn v tr t khung xem
Bc 4: Nhp mt h s t l cho khung xem
Bc 5: Chn mt im tham chiu trn cnh ca mt thc th trn khung xem b.
Bc 6: V mt ng spline xung quanh hnh a vo khung xem detailed.
104
Bc 7: Nhp mt tn cho khung xem

Bc 8: Chn mt loi ng bin (Circle, ellipse, )
Bc 9: t nhn tn ca khung xem
Bc 10: Chn im gn chnh
10.8. Xc lp ch hin th
Cc hnh chiu c th c xem di dng Wireframe, Hidden, hoc No Hidden.
thay i ch hin th ca mt hnh chiu ring l, thc hin cc bc sau:
Bc 1: Chn ViewsDisp ModeView Disp
Bc 2: Chn cc hnh chiu ring l chnh sa, sau chn Done Sel tr menu Get
Select.
Bc 3: Chn ch hin th cho cc hnh chiu chn
Bc 4: Chn mt kiu hin th cnh tip xc
Bc 5: Chn Done trn menu View Display
10.9. Hin th v xo cc hng mc
Vic x l ch hin th cc hng mc c thc hin thng qua hp thoi Show/Erase
(hnh 10.3)
Tu chn Show all c s dng hin th tt
c hng mc thuc mt loi chn. V d, bn c
th hin th tt c dung sai hnh hc hoc bn c th
hin th tt c ng tm
Thc hin cc buc sau y hin th tt c
cc phn ca mt hng mc chn:
Bc 1: Trn thanh menu chn ViewShow
and Erase
Bc 2: Chn tu chn Show trn hp thoi
Show/Erase
Bc 3: Chn mt loi hng mc (v d kch
thc, ng tm ) hin th.
Bc 4: Chn tu chn Show all
Bc 5: Chn OK
Bc 6: Chn tu chn Preview (nu c yu
cu) sau ng hp thoi
Hnh 10-3. Hp thoi Show/Erase

105
Hin th/xo cc loi i tng b gii hn

Thc hin cc bc sau y hin th hay xo mt s hng mc gii hn:
Bc 1: Trn thanh menu chn ViewShow and Erase
Bc 2: Chn tu chn Show hay Erase trn hp thoi Show/Erase
Bc 3: Chn mt loi hng mc hin th
Bc 4: Chn mt tu chn hin th cc hng mc
Bc 5: Chn Done Del trn menu Get Select hoc chn nt chut gia, hoc Shift +
phm tri chut
10.10. Kch thc v dung sai
10.10.1.
X l kch thc
Move: dch chuyn cc kch thc

Switch view: chuyn i khung xem m mt kch thc c t trn .
Flip Arrow: c s dng thay i hng m mt u mi tn tr theo
Make Jog: Khi khong cch gia 2 ng ging qu nh so vi ch s kch thc, tu
chn Make Jog to mt s dch chuyn nh gia 2 ng ging.
10.10.2.
Dung sai v chnh sa kch thc
Trong ch Drawing cc dung sai c th c hin th theo nhiu dng khc nhau. Cc
dng c sn bao gm Limits, PlusMinus, PlusMinusSymmetric. Trong ch Drawing trc
khi mt kch thc c th c hin th di dng mt dung sai, tu chn file ci t bn v
Tol_display c th c xc lp sang Yes. S dng tu chn Advanced Draw setup v xc
lp tu chn Tol_display chnh sa ch hin th dung sai cho mt bn v ring l.
10.11. To cc ghi ch
Cc ghi ch c th c lp hoc chng c th oc gn vo mt leader. Ngoi ra cc
ghi ch c th c nhp t mt bn phm, hoc chng c th c nhp t mt file text.
Pro/ENGINEER cung cp Symbol pallette thm cc k hiu vo ghi ch.
10.11.1.
To ghi ch khng c leader
Bc 1: Chn AdvancedCreateNote
Bc 2: Chn No Leader t menu Note Types
Bc 3: Chn mt loi Format/Placement
Bc 4: Chn Make Note
Bc 5: Trn mn hnh lm vic chn v t ghi ch
106
Bc 6: Nhp ghi ch vo hp text ca Pro/ENGINEER

10.11.2.
To ghi ch c leader chun
Bc 1: Chn AdvancedCreateNote
Bc 2: Chn Leader t menu Note Types
Bc 3: Chn mt Leader Type
Bc 4: Chn mt loi Format/placement
Bc 5: Chn Make Note
Bc 6: Chn mt im gn thch hp
Bc 7: Chn Done sel kt thc cc v tr im gn
Bc 8: Nhp ghi ch vo hp text ca Pro/ENGINEER
10.12. To bng k chi tit
Bc 1: Chn TableCreate
Bc 2: Chn phng php sp xp bng
Descending: To bng t trn xung di
Ascending: To bng t di ln trn
Rightward: To bng t tri sang phi
Leftward: To bng t phi sang tri
Bc 3: Chn By num chars lm phng php to (to bng bng cch chn s k t
a vo mi )
By length: To bng bng cch xc nh kch c ca mi bng cc n v bn v.
Bc 4: Trn mn hnh lm vic chn v tr cho
Bc 5: Trn mn hnh lm vic nh du s th t a vo mi ct ca bng.
Bc 6: Chn Done hon tt s ct
Bc 7: Trn mn hnh lm vic nh du s cc k t a vo mi hng ca bng.
Bc 8: Chn Done hon tt s hng. Chn Done to bng
107
10.13. Thc hnh

Trong bi thc hnh ny, to m hnh nh hnh 10.4 v 10.5 sau to:
-
Khung xem (hnh chiu) general
Hnh chiu projection
Hnh chiu detail
To cc ghi ch
Chnh sa file ci t bn v
Hnh 10-4. M hnh bi tp 1
Hnh 10-5. Cc hnh chiu
108
Trnh t thc hin nh sau:

1. To m hnh
To m hnh nh hnh 10.4 v 10.5, t tn cho n l Bai_1.
2. Bt u mt bn v
Bc 1: Khi
Pro/ENGINEER
ng
Bc 2: Chn th mc lm
vic thch hp
Bc 3: Chn FileNew
Bc 4: Trong hp thoi
New chn ch Drawing
v nhp mt tn file lm tn
bn v.
Bc 5: Chn OK

Bc 6: Chn Browse v
xc nh tn file m hnh
(Bai_1) va to
Bc 7: Chn Set Size
Bc 8: Chn Landscape
lm tu chn orientation
Bc 9: Chon kch c trang
(kh giy) t mc standard
size
Bc 10: Chn OK t hp
thoi New Drawing
109
3. Chn khung tn vo bn v
Bc 1: Chn
SheetsFormatAdd/Replace
Bc 2: Xc nh v tr, chn v m
khung tn c kch c tng ng (v d
kch c A-hnh 10.8)
Bc 3: Chn Done/Return thot
menu sheets.
Hnh 10-8. Chn khung tn

4. To hnh chiu General
Bc 1: Chn menu Views
Bc 2: Chn Add viewGeneralFull view
Bc 3: Chn NoXsecScale trn menu View
Type
Bc 4: Chn Done trn Menu view type
Bc 5: Trn mn hn lm vic chn v tr t hnh
chiu
Bc 6: Nhp h s t l
Bc 7: Trn hp thoi Orientation chn Front lm
tu chn Reference 1
Bc 8: Chn mt trc ca m hnh
Bc 9: Chn Top lm tu chn Reference 2
Bc 10: Chn mt phng trn cng ca m hnh
Bc 11: Chn OK trn hp thoi Orientation
Hnh 10-9. Hp thoi

Orientation
5. To hnh chiu (khung xem) Projection

Bc 1: Chn ViewsAdd View
Bc 2: Chn Projection Full view
Bc 3: Chn NoXsecNo Scale trn menu View Type
Bc 4: Chn Done trn Menu view type
Bc 5: Trn mn hn lm vic chn v tr t hnh chiu
Bc 6: Dng tu chn View Move view nh v li v tr mi khung xem
110
6. To hnh chiu Detailed

Bc 1: Chn viewAdd View
Bc 2: Chn Detailed
Bc 3: Chn Done trn menu View Type
Bc 4: Chn v tr dt hnh chiu
Bc 5: Nhp gi tr t l cho hnh chiu
Bc 6: Chn i tng cn to hnh chiu chi tit
Bc 7: V mt ng Spline xung quanh vng cn to hnh chiu detailed
Bc 8: Nhp tn cho hnh chiu detailed
Bc 9: Chn loi ng bin ca hnh chiu (v d hnh trn, elip.v.v.)
Bc 10: Chn v tr trn mn hnh lm vic cho ghi ch
Bc 11: S dng tu chn ViewMove View nh v lai hnh chiu nu cn thit
Bc 12: Chn Done/Return
7. Thit lp cc gi tr ci t bn v
Bc 1: Chn AdvancedDraw Setup
Bc 2: Thay i cc gi tr ca Text v Errow cho bn v hin hnh
Bc 3: Lu cc gi tr c chnh sa cho file ci t bn v hin hnh.
8. To kch thc
Bc 1: Trn thanh menu chn ViewShow and
Erase
Bc 2: Chn kiu kch thc cn ghi t hp thoi
Show/Erase
Bc 3: Chn Erased v Never show bn di tab
Option
Bc 4: Chn With Preview bn di tab Preview
Bc 5: Chn Show all v xc nhn mc chn
Bc 6: Chn Acceptance all bn di tu chn
Preview
Bc 7: ng hp thoi Show/Erase
Bc 8: S dng cc chc nng Move v Move
Text, Flip Arrow, v.v. nh v li kch thc sao
cho ph hp
Bc 9: Chn tu chn Erase trn hp thoi
Show/Erase xo cc kch thc khng cn thit
Bc 10: Chn tu chn Axis trn hp thoi
Show/Erase hin th cc ng tm
Hnh 10-10.
Hp thoi
Show/Erase
111
9. To ghi ch
Bc 1: Chn CreateNote
Bc 2: Chn Center trn menu Note Type
Bc 3: Chn Make Note
Bc 4: Chn v tr t ghi ch
Bc 5: Nhp dng ghi ch
Bc 6: Chn Enter
Bc 7: Chn Done/Return thot menu to ch thch
sa ch ghi ch (kiu ch, chiu cao ch, v.v. ) chn ModifyText
10. Xc lp ch hin th
Bc 1: Chn ViewDisp ModeView Disp
Bc 2: Chn hnh chiu cn xc lp ch hin th
Bc 3: Chn Done Sel
Bc 4: Chn ch hin th (v d Hidden Line-hin th cc ng n)
Bc 5: Chn Done trn menu View Display
Tng t ta thit lp ch hin th cho cc hnh chiu khc.
112
10.14. Bi tp
Bi tp 1: Lp m hnh cho b phn nh c minh ha hnh di. Yu cu:
-
Cc kch thc minh ho ph hp vi mc ch thit k

To bn v k thut vi cc khung xem Font, Top v Right-Side
S dng trang kch c A
nh kch thc y cho bn v
Hnh 10-11.
Ch10_BT01
Bi tp 2: Lp m hnh cho b phn nh minh ho hnh 10-12. Yu cu:

-
Cc kch thc minh ho ph hp vi mc ch thit k

To bn v k thut vi cc hnh chiu (khung xem) Front, Top v Right-Side
nhkch thc y cho bn v bng cch s dng cc kch thc tham s ca b
phn
Hnh 10-12.
Ch10_BT02
113
Chng 10. cc cng c c bn to bn v ..................................................................101

10.1.
Gii thiu ..........................................................................................................................101
10.2.
File ci t bn v ......................................................................................................101
10.3.
Cc dng sheet .............................................................................................................102
10.3.1. Chnh sa cc dng sheet........................................................................................ 102

10.3.2. To cc dng ........................................................................................................... 102
10.4.
To mt bn v mi .....................................................................................................102
10.5.
Cc khung xem (hnh chiu) bn v....................................................................103
10.5.1. Menu Views............................................................................................................ 103

10.5.2. Cc kiu khung xem (hnh chiu)........................................................................... 103
10.6.
To mt khung xem General.................................................................................104
10.7.
To khung xem (hnh chiu) Detailed...............................................................104
10.8.
Xc lp ch hin th .............................................................................................105
10.9.
Hin th v xo cc hng mc ..............................................................................105
10.10.
Kch thc v dung sai.............................................................................................106
10.10.1. X l kch thc ................................................................................................. 106

10.10.2. Dung sai v chnh sa kch thc ....................................................................... 106
10.11.
To cc ghi ch.............................................................................................................106
10.11.1. To ghi ch khng c leader............................................................................... 106

10.11.2. To ghi ch c leader chun ............................................................................... 107
10.12.
To bng k chi tit ...................................................................................................107
10.13.
Thc hnh.........................................................................................................................108
10.14.
Bi tp.................................................................................................................................113
114
Chng 11 Cc cng c nng cao to bn v

11.1.
Gii thiu
Chng ny s gii thiu cho bn cch:
To mt mt ct ton b
To mt na mt ct
To mt mt ct offset
To mt mt ct broken out
To mt mt ct ging thng
To mt mt ct ph
11.2. Cc kiu mt ct
11.2.1. Mt ct ton phn (Full Section)
y l kiu mt ct c s dng trn phn ln cc bn v k thut. Mt mt ct ton
phn hon ton i qua mt i tng v hin th ton b m hnh. Full section c sn cho cc
khung xem (hnh chiu) general, projection v auxiliary.
11.2.2. Mt ct mt na (Haft Section)
Mt ct haft section tng t nh mt ct full section ngoi tr ch mt na khung xem
c ct. Haft section c sn cho cc khung xem (hnh chiu) general, projection v auxiliary.
N khng c sn vi cc khung xem Haft, Broken, v Partial.
11.2.3. Mt ct mt phn (Local)
Local Section c s dng to mt mt ct trong mt vng nht nh do ngi dng
n nh. Local section c sn trong cc khung xem (hnh chiu) General, Projection, v
Auxiliary. N khng c sn vi cc kiu khung xem Haft v Broken.
11.2.4. Mt ct mt phn v ton phn (Full & Local)
Tu chn ny bao gm mt ct vi c Full section v Local section. Full section c
ct trc tin.
11.3. To mt ct ton phn (Full section)
Bc 1: Chn ViewAdd view
Bc 2: Chn mt kiu mt ct
Bc 3: Chn kiu Full Section
Bc 4: Chn Section t menu View Type
Bc 5: Chn Scale hoc NoScale t menu View Type
Chng 11. Cc cng c nng cao to bn v
114
Bc 6: Chn Done
Bc 7: Chn Full lm kiu mt ct
Bc 8: Chn Total Xsec t menu Cros Section Type
Bc 9: Chn Done
Bc 10: Chn v tr t mt ct
Bc 11: Chn Create trn menu Cross Section Enter
Bc 12: Chn PlanarDone lm phng php to mt ct ngang
Bc 13: Nhp tn cho khung xem mt ct
Bc 14: Chn mt mt phng hay mt phng s liu
Bc 15: Chn mt khung xem t ng mt phng ct (hnh 11.1).
Hnh 11-1. ng mt phng ct

11.4. To mt ct mt na (Haft Section)
Bc 1: Chn ViewAdd View
Bc 2: Chn mt kiu mt ct
Bc 3: Chn kiu khung xem Full View
Bc 5: Chn Scale hoc No Scale
Bc 6: Chn Done
Hnh 11-2. Khung xem Haft section
115
Bc 7: Chn HaftTotal XsecDone lm kiu mt ct

Bc 8: Trn mn hnh lm vic chn v tr t khung xem
Bc 9: Chn mt phng tham chiu to cnh phn chia cho Haft section
Bc 10: Chn Flip hoc Okey
Bc 11: Chn Create t menu Xsec
Bc 12: Chn PlanarDone lm phng php ct ngang
Bc 13: Nhp tn cho khung xem mt ct
Bc 14: Chn mt mt phng hay mt phng s liu
Bc 15: Chn khung xem t ng mt phng ct
11.5. To mt ct Offset Section
Bc 1: Chn ViewAdd viewProjection
Bc 2: Chn kiu khung xem
Bc 4: Chn No Scale
Bc 5: Chn Done t menu View Type chp nhn cc gi tr kiu khung xem
Bc 6: Chn mt kiu ct ngang ri chn Done
Bc 8: Chn Create t menu Cross Section Enter
Bc 9: Chn Offset
Bc 10: Chn Both SideSingleDone
Bc 11: Nhp tn cho mt ct
Bc 12: Chuyn sang ca s m hnh
Bc 13: Chn hoc to mt mt phng phc tho ri nh hng mi trng phc tho
Bc 14: Phc tho ng mt phng ct
Bc 15: Chn biu tng Done
Bc 16: Trn bn v chn khung xem hin th ng mt phng ct
Bc 17: Chn Okey hoc Clip thay i hng
116
Hnh 11-3. Mt ct Offset Section

11.6. To mt ct Broken Out Section
Bc 1: Chn View Add view
Bc 2: Chn General, Projection hoc Detail
Bc 3: Chn Full View Section
Bc 4: Nu cn hy chn Scale hay No Scale
Bc 5: Chn Done
Bc 6: Chn Local TotalXsecDone
Bc 7: Chn mt v tr t hnh chiu
Bc 8: nh hng m hnh
Bc 9: Chn Add BreakOutShow Outer trn menu View Boundary
Bc 10: Chn Create trn menu Xsec Enter
Bc 11: Chn PlanarSingleDone
Bc 12: Nhp tn cho Broken Out Section
Bc 13: Chn mt mt phng to mt ct ngang
Bc 14: Chn mt hnh chiu t ng mt phng ct
Bc 15: Trn mn hnh lm vic, chn mt thc th nm gn tm ca ni m hnh
chiu Broken Out s c t
Bc 16: Trn mn hnh lm vic, phc tho mt ng Spline to ng bin ca
mt ct Broken Out Section
117
Bc 17: Chn Done trn menu Boundary

11.7. To mt ct Align Section
Bc 1: Chn View Add View
Bc 2: Chn Projection Full ViewSectionDone
Bc 3: Chn Full Total AlignDone
Bc 4: Chn mt v tr t hnh chiu
Bc 5: Truy xut hnh chiu khung xem mt ct c to trong ch part
Bc 6: Chn mt trc quay chi tit xung quanh trc .
Bc 7: Chn khung xem cho ng mt phng ct
Bc 8: Chn Okey chp nhn hng xem mc nh
Hnh 11-4. Mt ct Aligned

11.8. To mt ct Revolved Section
Cc mt ct Revilved Section c s dng hin th mt ct ngang ca mt chi tit
nan hoa, thanh ray hoc g. Ngoi ra chng cn c s dng vi cc chi tit ko nh cc dm
c g rng.
Bc 1: To hoc ch nh hnh chiu ly Revolved Section t
`
Bc 2: Chn ViewAdd ViewRevolved

Bc 3: Chn Full ViewDone
Bc 4: Chn v tr t mt ct Revolved
118
Bc 5: Chn hnh chiu to Revolved Section t

Bc 6: Truy xut mt mt ct ngang hin c hoc to mt ct ngang mi
Bc 7: Chn mt trc i xng cho Revolved Section hoc chn nt chut gia (hoc
Shift +nt tri chut) chp nhn tu chn mc nh
Bc 8: S dng tu chn View Move View iu chnh v tr ca Revolved Section
Hnh 11-5. Cc mt ct Revolved Section

11.9. To khung xem Auxiliary
Bc 1: Chn View Add view
Bc 2: Chn kiu khung xem Auxiliary
Bc 3: Chn Full ViewNoXsec
Bc 4: Chn Done t menu View type
Bc 5: Chn v tr t khung xem Auxiliary
Bc 6: Trn mn hnh lm vic chn mt cnh ca trc chiu khung xem Auxiliary
t
Bc 7: S dng tu chn View Move view nh v tr khung xem Auxiliary
119
11.10. Thc hnh

Trong bi thc hnh ny chng ta s to bn v nh minh ho hnh 11.6
Hnh 11-6. Cc mt ct hon chnh

1. To m hnh
Bng cch s dng ch Part, to m hnh cho b phn nh minh ho hnh v 11.6
2. Bt u mt bn v
Bc 1: Khi ng Pro/ENGINEER
Bc 2: Xc lp th mc hot ng
Bc 3: Chn File New
Bc 4: Trong hp thoi New chn
ch Drawing v nhp mt tn file
lm tn bn v.
Bc 5: Chn OK
120
Bc 6: Chn Browse v xc nh
tn file m hnh va to
Bc 7: Chn Set Size
Bc 8: Chn Landscape lm tu
chn orientation
Bc 9: Chon kch c trang (kh
giy) t mc standard size
Bc 10: Chn OK t hp thoi
New Drawing

3. Xc lp cc gi tr ci t bn v
4. To khung xem (hnh chiu) General (hnh 11.9)
Hnh 11-9. Hnh chiu General

5. To mt ct Aligned Section
Bc 1: Chn ViewsAdd View
121
Bc 2: Chn Projection Full ViewSectionDone

Bc 3: Chn Full trn menu Cross section type
Bc 4: Chn Total AlignDone trn Xsec type
Hnh 11-10.
Mt ct Aligned
Bc 6: Chn Create
Bc 7: Chn Offset Both sideDone
Bc 8: Nhp tn mt ct
Bc 9: Chuyn sang ca s cha m hnh (Pro/ENGINEER yu cu bn phc tho
ng mt phng ct trong ch part)
Bc 10: Chn mt trn cng ca m hnh lm mt phng phc tho ri chn Okey
chp nhn hng xem
Bc 11: Chn Default t nemu Sketch View chp nhn hng mi trng phc tho
mc nh
Bc 12: Ch nh 4 phn tham chiu
122
Hnh 11-11.
Mt phng ct c phc tho
6. To mt ct Partial Broken Out Section

Bc 1: Chn ViewsAdd view
Bc 2: Chn ProjectionPartial view
Bc 3: Chn section Done
Bc 4: Chn LocalDone
Bc 5: Chn v tr t khung xem
Bc 6: Chn Add BreakoutShow outer
Bc 7: Chn Create
Bc 8: Chn PlanarSignleDone
Bc 9: Nhp tn mt ct ngang (B)
123
Hnh 11-12.
Mt ct Partial broken out section
Bc 10: Trong khung xem Front ca bn v chn mt phng s liu chy dc bn v
Hnh 11-13.
n nh mt ct ngang
Bc 11: Chn nt chut gia hoc Shift +nt tri chut

Bc 12: Chn mt im cho ng tm ngoi
Bc 13: Phc tho mt spline n nh partial view v v tr mt ct
Bc 14: Trn menu View boundary chn Done
7. To ng tm v kch thc (xem bi thc hnh chng trc)
8. To cc ghi ch (xem bi thc hnh chng trc)
124
11.11. Bi tp
Bi 1: To m hnh cho b phn nh hnh v di (hnh 11.14), ri to bn v chi tit ca b
phn:
- To bn v k thut trong cc khung xem Front v Top. Khung xem Front s l
mt khung xem Offset Full Section
-
Ghi kch thc cho bn v
Hnh 11-14.
Ch11_BT01
Bi 2: To m hnh cho b phn nh minh ho hnh 11-15, ri to bn v chi tit ca b

phn. Yu cu:
-
Cc kch thc minh ho phi tun theo mc ch thit k

S dng cc lnh Radial Hole v Pattern to mu vng bulng
To bn v vi cc khung xem Front v Top. Khung xem Front s l mt khung xem
Haft Section
Ghi kch thc cho bn v
Hnh 11-15.
Ch11_BT02
125
Chng 11 Cc cng c nng cao to bn v .............................................................114

11.1.
Gii thiu ..........................................................................................................................114
11.2.
Cc kiu mt ct ..........................................................................................................114
11.2.1. Mt ct ton phn (Full Section)............................................................................. 114

11.2.2. Mt ct mt na (Haft Section)............................................................................... 114
11.2.3. Mt ct mt phn (Local) ....................................................................................... 114
11.2.4. Mt ct mt phn v ton phn (Full & Local)....................................................... 114
11.3.
To mt ct ton phn (Full section) .............................................................114
11.4.
To mt ct mt na (Haft Section)..................................................................115
11.5.
To mt ct Offset Section ...................................................................................116
11.6.
To mt ct Broken Out Section ........................................................................117
11.7.
To mt ct Align Section .....................................................................................118
11.8.
To mt ct Revolved Section ............................................................................118
11.9.
To khung xem Auxiliary .......................................................................................119
11.10.
Thc hnh.........................................................................................................................120
11.11.
Bi tp.................................................................................................................................125
126
Chng 12. M hnh lp rp

12.1. Mi trng lp rp
Trong Pro/ENGINEER ch lp rp (Assembly) c s dng lp rp cc chi tit li
vi nhau thnh cm lp hoc mt my hon chnh. Cc b phn lp rp (Component) c th l
cc chi tit (Part) hoc cc cm lp (SubAssembly) c sn hoc c th c to mi trc tip
t trong mi trng lp rp. Qu trnh chn cc chi tit c sn hnh thnh mt lp rp c
gi l lp rp t di ln trn. Ngc li nu ta to cc chi tit trong mi trng lp rp trong
qu trnh lp rp th c gi l thit k t trn xung.
Cc chi tit c mt trong m hnh lp rp lun duy tr cc rng buc ca n vi cc file
ngun. Trong ch to chi tit (Part) khi mt kch thc c chnh sa, th trong lp rp
chi tit s c t ng thay i theo v ngc li.
12.2. Chn v di chuyn cc chi tit lp rp
Cc chi tit v cc cm lp c th c chn vo trong m hnh lp rp. Trn thanh
cng c Assembly cc tu chn Component >> Assemble v Component >> Package c
dng chn cc chi tit vo m hnh lp rp.
Mt chi tit c th c chn vo m hnh lp rp vo bt k thi im no trong sut
qu trnh to lp rp, k c khi to chi tit u tin ca m hnh lp rp. Khi chn mt chi tit
hay mt cm lp vo sau mt chi tit hay cm lp khc, Pro/ENGINEER s m hp thoi
Component Placement (Hnh 1).
Hnh 12-1.
Hp thoi khi gn cc rng buc
Hp thoi ny c 2 Tab. Tab Place c dng thit lp cc rng buc (constraint).

Cc rng buc ny xc nh quan h gia cc chi tit ca lp rp.
Tab Move dng iu chnh, di chuyn mt chi tit trong sut qu trnh to lp rp.
Chng 12. To m hnh lp rp
126
12.2.1. Cc rng buc trong lp rp

Quan h hnh hc gia cc b phn trong m hnh lp rp c quy nh nh cc rng
buc (constraint). Mi rng buc hn ch mt hay mt s bc t do (DOF) ca b phn.
Loi lp rp ny c gi l lp rp tham s (parametric assembly). Pro/ENGINEER
cung cp nhiu loi rng buc lp rp cc chi tit:
- Default: y l mt loi rng buc mc
nh khi truy cp hp thoi Component
Placement. Vi tu chn Default cc chi
tit tham chiu c chn cho c chi tit v
cm lp. Ty tnh hung, Pro/ENGINEER s
t n nh rng buc thch hp. V d khi
ghp ni 2 b mt bng tu chn Default, ta
phi chn mi b mt, Pro/ENGINEER s
to rng buc Align nh hnh v.
- Mate: Rng buc ny dng t hai b
mt ng phng. Bt k mt phng s liu,
mt phng chi tit u c th c s dng.
Hnh di y minh ho rng buc Mate
gia mt u ca tr v mt phng ca tm
phng.
- Mate Offset: Cc b mt c chn t

trng nhau theo mc nh bng tu chn
Mate khong Offset=0. Tu chn Offset t
mt khong dch chuyn do ngi dng n
nh gia cc b mt chn. Hnh di y
dng Mate Offset vi khong Offset=30.
Gi tr ca khong dch chuyn c th chnh
sa khi lp rp.
- Align: Rng buc Align c dng
t cc b mt ng phng v cng mt
hng. Ging nh rng buc Mate cc mt
phng khng cn tip xc nhau. Rng buc
Align cn c dng cn thng cc cnh
v ng cong.
127
- Align Offset: Tng t nh tu chn

Mate Offset, Align c mt tu chn dch
chuyn mt khong xc nh gia hai b mt
c cn thng.
- Orient: nh hng song song 2 b mt.

Hnh bn m t nh hng gia mt bch v
mt hn ca tm phng.
- Insert: Rng buc cc trc ca 2 chi tit

trn xoay trng nhau. N thng c dng
cho cc trc v l cn thng ng tm.
Rng buc Insert c minh ho nh hnh
di y.
- Tangent: To rng buc tip xc gia b

mt hnh tr vi mt b mt khc
- Coord Sys: Rng buc cn thng cc h
to ca 2 chi tit. Trong rng buc ny
cc trc ca h to ny c cn thng
vi trc tng ng ca h to kia
Pnt On Line:
Rng buc cn thng mt im chun

(Datum point) vi mt cnh, mt ng
cong chun hay mt trc. Hnh di y
m t rng buc gia nh ca mt chi
tit vi ng tm ca l trn np.
128
- Pnt on Srf: Buc mt im phi nm

trn mt mt phng. Mt phng c th l
b mt ca chi tit hay mt phng
chun.
Edge On Srf:
Buc mt cnh ca mt chi tit nm trn

mt b mt. Hnh bn m t rng buc
cn thng 1 cnh ca tm phng vi mt
bch.
12.2.2. Di chuyn cc chi tit trong m hnh lp rp

Khi c chn vo m hnh lp rp cc b phn c th v tr kh quan st hoc lp
rp. khc phc iu , Pro/E cho php dch chuyn chng trong qu trnh lp rp.
Tab Move dng di chuyn cc chi tit b rng buc mt phn trn mn hnh. Chi
tit ch c th di chuyn theo cc bc t do c cho php bi rng buc hin c. Hnh di
y m t 2 chi tit b rng buc Insert trc v sau khi di chuyn thng.
Trc khi di chuyn
Sau khi di chuyn
Pro/ENGINEER cung cp 3 loi di chuyn: Translate, Rotate, Adjust.

+ Translate: Tnh tin chi tit.
+ Rotate: Quay chi tit.
+ Adjust: Dch chuyn ph thuc vo tnh cht ca rng buc.
Khi mt kiu chuyn ng (Motion Type) c chn, chuyn ng tng i c da
vo phn tham chiu chuyn ng (Motion Reference) c chn. Trong Pro/ENGINEER c
sn cc tham chiu chuyn ng sau y:
129
+ View Plane: Chuyn ng s tng ng vi hng mn hnh

hin hnh.
+ Sel plane: Chuyn ng s tng ng vi mt mt phng
chn.
+ Entity/edge: Chuyn ng tng ng vi mt trc, cnh, hay
ng cong c chn.
+ Plane normal: Chuyn ng s vung gc vi mt mt phng.
+ 2 points: To chuyn ng tng i to ra t hai nh chn
trn mn hnh lm vic.
+ Csys: Chuyn ng s tng ng vi mt trc X ca mt h to
c chn.
12.2.3. Cc chi tit c ng gi
Khi mt chi tit hay mt cm lp c chn bng cch s dng tu chn Assemble, n
c xem l mt cm lp tham s. Cc chi tit ca cm lp tham s phi hon ton c rng
buc. Nu mt chi tit ch c rng buc mt phn, n c xem l mt chi tit c ng
gi (Packaged Component). Pro/ENGINEER cung cp tu chn chn trc tip mt chi tit
vo m hnh di dng chi tit c ng gi bng tu chn Package.
s dng Package trn thanh cng c Assembly ta chn Package >> Add >> Open.
Khi chn mt chi tit ta c th nh v li chi tit bng hp thoi Move.
12.3. Chnh sa cc lp rp v chi tit
12.3.1. Chnh sa kch thc
chnh sa kch thc ta cn qua cc bc sau:
Bc 1: Trn menu Assembly chn tu chn Modify
Bc 2: Chn tu chn MOD DIM >> VALUE
Bc 3: Trn mn hnh lm vic chn mt kch
thc cn chnh sa sau nhp gi tr kch thc mi
Bc 4: Trn menu Assembly Modify chn tu chn Done/Return
Bc 5: Trn menu Assembly, chn tu chn Regenerate.
Bc 6: Trn menu Part to Regenerate, chn cc tu chn Select >>
Pick part sau chn chi tit ti to li
Ch : Mt chi tit c th chnh sa bng cch chn chi tit trn cy m hnh (Model
Tree) bng cch kch phi chut. Cc tu chn c sn bao gm Modify, Redefine, Reroute,
Replace, Delete.
12.3.2. To feature mi
Trong ch Assembly ca Pro/ENGINEER cc feature c th thm vo cc chi tit v
m hnh khung dy. thm vo mt feature ta chn Modify >> Mod Part >> Feature
130
to feature trong mt chi tit c chn v tu chn Modify >> Mod Skel >> Feature
c s dng to cc feature trong mt m hnh khung dy. Khi mt feature c to
trong mt chi tit hay mt m hnh khung dy. N c xem l mt feature thnh phn v s
to thnh file chi tit hoc file m hnh khung dy ring. Khi to mt feature theo cch ny
cc chi tit khc trong lp rp c th c s dng lm cc phn tham chiu. y gi l cc
phn tham chiu ngoi.
12.3.3. nh ngha li mt feature thnh phn
Tu chn Redefine c s dng chnh sa cc chi tit v cc m hnh khung sn
(Skeleton) trong ch Assembly. Cc feature c nh ngha li trong ch Assembly
cng s uc nh ngha li trong cc file ngun tng ng ca chng. nh ngha li cc
feature thnh phn ta thc hin cc bc sau y:
Bc1: Trn menu Assembly, chn tu chn
Modify
Bc 2: Trn menu Assembly Modify, chn tu
chn Mod Part hay tu chn Mod Skel
Bc 3: Chn mt chi tit hay m hnh khung
sn nh ngha li
Bc 4: Chn Feature >> Redefine
Bc 5: Trn chi tit hoc m hnh khung sn
chn feature cn nh ngha li.
12.3.4. To cc chi tit trong ch Assembly

S dng tu chn Component trn thanh cng c Assembly. Sau thc hin cc
bc sau y:
Bc 1: Trn thanh Menu chn Utilities >>
Reference Control
Bc 2: Trn hp thoi Reference Control, chn
None (khng cho php mt thnh phn tham chiu
mt thnh phn khc).
Bc 3: Chn OK thot khi hp thoi
131
Bc 4: Chn Component >> Create

Bc 5: Trn hp thoi Component Create chn
Part.
Bc 6: Nhp tn cho chi tit sau kch OK
Bc 7: Trn hp thoi Creation Options chn

mt phng n to chi tit
+ Copy from existing: To chi tit mi t chi
tit hin c.
+ Create first feature: To feature u tin
ca chi tit.
+ Local Default Datums: To chi tit mi
vi tp hp cc mt phng lm vic mc nh ring
ca n.
Bc 8: S dng cc cng c to chi tit
Bc 9: Trn cy m hnh chn chi tit bng kch
chut phi.
12.3.5. Cc quan h lp rp
Trong ch Assembly tu chn Relation c th c s dng to cc quan h kch
thc gia cc kch thc trong mt chi tit hay gia 2 chi tit lp rp.
12.3.6. Ch layout
Ch Layout c dng to cc s trnh by trong khng gian 2 chiu ca mt
lp rp .
12.4. To dng trnh by n gin
to dng trnh by n gin ta thc hin cc bc sau y:
Bc 1: Chn Simplfd Rep >> Create
Bc 2: Trong hp thoi nhp tn cho dng trnh by n gin
Bc 3: Chn Master rep cho tu chn Default rule
Bc 4: Chn tu chn Exclude, sau trn mn hnh lm vic hay trn cy m hnh chn
cc chi tit loi tr ra khi mn hnh.
Bc 5: Chn tu chn Done.
Bc 6: S dng tu chn Set current ca menu Simplified Representation xc lp mt
dng trnh by c th. Hnh di y l m hnh lp rp trc v sau khi to dng trnh by
n gin.
132
12.5.
To lp rp trin khai
to cc lp rp trin khai ta thc hin cc bc sau y:
Bc 1: Trn menu Assembly, chn tu chn ExplodeState

Bc 2: Chn Create trn menu Explode State
Bc 3: Nhp tn cho dng trin khai
Bc 4: Trn hp thoi Explode Position, chn Translate lm kiu chuyn ng
Bc 5: Trn hp thoi Explode Position, chn mt tham chiu chuyn ng (Motion
Reference)
Bc 6: Trn mn hnh lm vic chn mt thc th hay mt phng tng ng vi phn tham
chiu chuyn ng.
Bc 7: Trn mn hnh lm vic chn v di chuyn mt chi tit
Bc 8: Tip tc di chuyn cc chi tit trn mn hnh lm vic hoc thay i cc kiu chuyn
ng
Bc 9: Chn OK trn hp thoi khi lp rp trin khai hon thnh
Bc 10: Chn tu chn Done/Return trn menu Modify Explode
Bc 11: Chn tu chn Done/Return trn menu Explode State
Bc 12: S dng tu chn View >> Explode trin khai khung nhn.
Hnh di y l m t mt lp rp trin khai.
133
12.6. Luyn Tp
12.6.1. Thc hnh
Bi 1. Thc hnh to lp rp nh hnh v sau:
Bc 1: S dng tu chn New to file Assembly mi c tn l motor

Bc 2: Chn tu chn Component trn menu Assembly
Bc 3: chn Assemble trn menu Component
Bc 4: S dng hp thoi Open m cc chi tit 1,2,3
Cc chi tit lp rp c chn vo m hnh lp rp
Bc 5: Chn rng buc Insert v rng

buc Align cho 2 chi tit bn
134
Bc 6: To rng buc Mate v 2 rng

buc Align cho chi tit th 3 v 2 chi tit
trn
Bi 2: To lp rp trin khai sau:
12.6.2. Bi tp
Bi tp 1: To m hnh lp rp sau:
Bi tp 2: To lp rp trin khai sau
135
Chng 12. M hnh lp rp ...................................................................................................126

12.1.
Mi trng lp rp .....................................................................................................126
12.2.
Chn v di chuyn cc chi tit lp rp ...........................................................126
12.2.1. Cc rng buc trong lp rp.................................................................................... 127

12.2.2. Di chuyn cc chi tit trong m hnh lp rp.......................................................... 129
12.2.3. Cc chi tit c ng gi ...................................................................................... 130
12.3.
Chnh sa cc lp rp v chi tit........................................................................130
12.3.1. Chnh sa kch thc .............................................................................................. 130

12.3.2. To feature mi....................................................................................................... 130
12.3.3. nh ngha li mt feature thnh phn ................................................................... 131
12.3.4. To cc chi tit trong ch Assembly.................................................................. 131
12.3.5. Cc quan h lp rp................................................................................................. 132
12.3.6. Ch layout..........................................................................................................132
12.4.
To dng trnh by n gin................................................................................132
12.5.
To lp rp trin khai ..............................................................................................133
12.6.
Luyn Tp ..........................................................................................................................134
12.6.1. Thc hnh ............................................................................................................... 134

12.6.2. Bi tp ..................................................................................................................... 135
136
Chng 13. To m hnh b mt

13.1.
Gii thiu v cc m hnh b mt
B mt l mt m hnh hnh hc khng c dy xc nh. Trong Pro/ENGINEER cc

cng c to b mt dng to cc chi tit c ng cong v b mt phc tp.
-
Cc la chn khi to m hnh b mt:
+ Extrude: Ko mt phc tho thnh m hnh b mt. Tu chn ny c thc hin

ging nh tu chn ca Extrude trong Protrusion v Cut. Tuy nhin n c thm tu chn
ph ng kn (Capped Ends) cc phn cui ca hnh ko hoc cho phn cui ny c
m (Open Ends).
Hnh 13-1.
M hnh ko
+ Revolve: Quay mt phc tho quanh mt trc

thnh m hnh mt. Trc quay l ng xuyn tm
c v trc. Cng ging nh tu chn Extrude tu
chn ny cng c la chn ph ng kn hay m cc
phn cui ca b mt.
Hnh 13-2.
M hnh quay
+ Sweep: Ko mt phc tho theo mt

ng dn c sn. Cng ging nh hai tu
chn trn tu chn ny cng c mt la chn
ph ng hoc m phn cui ca m hnh
mt.
Hnh 13-3.
M hnh ko theo ng dn
+ Flat: To mt tri phng hai chiu

+ Offset: To mt b mt mi bng cch tnh tin t mt Solid hoc mt Quilt. Ta cn
ch nh khong offset v b mt cn offset.
+ Copy : To b mt bn trn nh ca mt hoc nhiu b mt c chn. Tu chn ny
cho php to ra cc b mt t cc Solid c sn.
+ Fillet : V trn gc ca b mt.
136
13.2. Cch to m hnh b mt

to mt m hnh b mt trong Pro/ENGINEER ta thc hin theo cc bc sau:
Bc 1: Chn File >> New sau chn kiu file Part
Bc 2: Trn thanh cng c Part chn Feature >> Create.
Bc 3: Trn thanh cng c Feature Class chn Datum >>
Plan >> Default to cc mt phng lm vic mc nh
Bc 4: Trn thanh cng c Feat chn Create >> Surface,
chn phng n to b mt ( Extrude, Revolve, .) sau chn
Done
Bc 5: Trn thanh cng c Attributes chn cc tu chn to
mt sau chn Done.
Bc 6: Trn thanh cng c Setup Plane chn mt phc tho
sau kch Okay v chn cc mt nh hng
Bc 7: S dng cc cng c phc tho phc tho bin dng
b mt.
Hnh 13-4.
Phc tho bin dng m hnh mt
Bc 8: Sau khi phc tho xong chn Done v nhp

vo cc thng s to mt
Bc 9: Chn Ok v Done hon tt to mt
Hnh 13-5.
M hnh mt
13.3. Cc thao tc trn b mt

- Merge: Ni 2 hay nhiu b mt vi
nhau Tu chn ny c th dng kt hp
hai b mt nm k nhau hoc l c th uc
dng ni hai b mt ct nhau
137
- Extend: M rng mt cnh ca b mt c chn.
- Trim: Dng mt ct mt. Tu chn ny

ging nh lnh Cut ca menu Solid. Cc tu
chn Trim cng bao gm Extrude, Revolve,
Sweep, Blend
- Transform: Dng dch chuyn thng, xoay trn, i xng b mt c chn.

- Draft: Vt mt
- Area Offset: To b mt mi bng cch tnh tin mt b mt c sn
13.4. Cc tu chn b mt cao cp
-
Variable section weep: Qut mt phc tho theo nhiu ng dn (Path) khc nhau. Tu
chn ny ging nh tu chn trong mi trng to chi tit (Part), phn m hnh ho nng cao.
Tham kho thm chng 9
-
Swept Blend: To mt t hp ca mt Sweep v mt Blend. Mt ny c to ra bng
cch qut mt hay nhiu chi tit dc theo mt qu o c xc nh trc. Qu o ny c

th chn trn mn hnh lm vic hoc phc tho. Tu chn ny tng t tu chn trong mi
trng to chi tit (Part), tham kho chng 9
-
Helical sweep: Qut mt phc tho quanh mt trc theo mt ng dn cho trc. Cc i
tng nh dy v l xo. Tu chn ny tng t tu chn trong mi trng to chi tit (Part),
tham kho chng 9 .
-
Boundares: To mt t cc ng bin. B mt ca chi tit c th dc xc nh bng
cch chn cc thc th tham chiu theo mt hoc hai hng.
138
13.5. T hp cc mt (Merging quilt)

Tu chn Merge c dng ni 2 hoc
nhiu b mt. Trong tu chn ny c 2 tu chn c sn
l: Intersect v Join.
Tu chn Intersect ni hai mt ct nhau.
Tu chn Join ni 2 mt nm k nhau
Hnh di y m t cc mt trc v sau khi Join
Hnh 13-6.
M hnh t hp mt
Cc bc thc hin ni hai mt vi nhau

Bc 1: Trn thanh menu chn tu chn Feature >> Create >> Surface >> Merge. Mn
hnh s hin ra hp thoi Surface Merge. Hp thoi ny cho php ta chn cc mt ni v kiu
ni.
Bc 2: Trn mn hnh lm vic chn mt ni th nht.
Bc 3: Trn mn hnh lm vic chn mt ni th 2
Bc 4: Trn hp thoi Surface Merge, chn Quilt sides to nn chi tit c ni mt
cch hon chnh.
13.6. Tu chn Boundaries
Mt m hnh b mt c th c to ra bng cch chn cc ng bin ca m hnh b
mt thng qua tu chn Boundaries trn menu Advanced Features Options. Trong tu
chn ny c 4 tu chn con sau y:
+ Blended Surface: Tu chn ny to mt b mt bng cch xc nh cc ng bin
ngoi ca b mt. i tng c chn bao gm cc ng cong v cc im. Cc i tng
dc chn c th nm theo 1 hoc 2 hng.
+ Conic Surface: Tu chn ny to mt b mt tng hp gia 2 ng bin c chn.
B mt ny c hnh thnh bng mt ng cong iu khin th 3. ng iu khin th 3
c hai tu chn Shoulder Curve v Tangent Curve.
Tu chn Shoulder Curve m hnh b mt c truyn qua ng cong iu khin.
Tu chn Tangent Curve m hnh b mt khng truyn qua ng cong iu khin.
139
+ Apprpximate Blend: To b mt qua cc ng bin v c nh dng b mt bng

mt ng bin b sung (khng nm trn b mt ny)
+ N-Sided Surface: To b mt trn 4 i tng bin.
Cc bc to mt Blended Surface t cc Boundaries:
Bc 1: Trn thanh menu chn tu chn Feature >> Create >> Surface >> Advanced >>
Done
Bc 2: Chn Boundaries >> Done.
Bc 3: Chn Blended Surf >> Done. Sau khi chn xong mt hp thoi Surface Feature
Definition v menu Curve Options s xut hin nh ngha Blended.
Bc 4: Trn menu CRV_OPTS chn cc tu chn First DIR v Add Item. Tu chn First
Dir (First Direction) c dng chn cc ng cong bin theo hng u tin.
Bc 5: Trn mn hnh lm vic chn cc i tng cong nhm xc nh hng u tin ca
m hnh b mt. Cc i tng c chn lm First Dir phi tun th quay tc sau y:
+ Cc ng cong, cc cnh, cc im lm vic v cc nh c th c dng lm i tng
bin.
+ Cc i tng phi c chn theo trnh t lin tip nhau.
+ i vi cc ng bin c xc nh theo 2 hng, cc i tng bin phi to to nn mt
ng vng khp kn
Bc 6: Trn menu CRV_OPTS chn tu chn Second Dir. y l cc ng cong bin theo
hng th 2.
Bc 7: Trn mn hnh lm vic chn cc i tng cong nhm xc nh hng th hai ca
chi tit b mt.
Bc 8: Trn menu CRV_OPTS chn tu chn Done Curve
Bc 9: Xem trc m hnh b mt sau chn hp thoi Feature Definition.
13.7. To cc Solid t cc m hnh mt
Cc m hnh mt c ni c th c dng to cc chi tit khi. Cc tu chn Use
Quilt ca lnh Protrusion v Cut c th c dng to cc chi tit khong cch m hoc
dng.
Cc bc to Solid t m hnh mt
Bc 1: Trn thanh menu chn Feature >> Create
>> Protrusion (hoc Cut)
Cc b mt c dng to mt khi phi c ni
vi tu chn merge trc khi mt chi tit khi c th c
to t chng.
Bc 2: Chn Use quilt trn menu Solid Options
140
Bc 3: Chn Solid hoc Thin sau chn Done.

Bc 4: Trn mn hnh lm vic, chn Quilt s
dng trong vic cu to chi tit Solid
Bc 5: Trong hp thoi Use Quilt chn mt
Material Side ph hp (ch p dng cho tu chn Thin)
Bc 6: i vi tu chn Thin nhp vo chiu dy
ca thnh chi tit.
Bc 7: Kch chut vo biu tng Built Feature
trn hp thoi to chi tit.
Hnh di y m t mt m hnh b mt v mt
Solid c to ra t m hnh mt bng lnh Use Quilt
13.8. Luyn Tp
13.8.1. Thc hnh
Bi 1: Thc hnh to m hnh b mt sau:
Bc 1: Chn File >> New sau chn kiu file Part

Bc 2: Trn thanh cng c Part chn Feature >> Create.
Bc 3: Trn thanh cng c Feat Class chn Datum >> plan >> Default to cc mt
phng lm vic mc nh
141
Bc 4: Trn thanh cng c Feat chn Create >> Surface sau d chn phng n to b mt
Sweep sau chn Done
Bc 5: Trn thanh cng c Attributes chn cc tu chn to mt sau chn Done.
Bc 6: Trn thanh cng c Setup Plane chn mt phc tho sau kch OKay v chn cc
mt nh hng
Bc 7: S dng cc cng c phc tho phc tho ng dn v bin dng b mt.
Bi thc hnh 2: To chi tit Solid t b mt bng cch s dng Use Quilt, nh hnh v sau:
Bc 1: Chn File >> New sau chn kiu file Part.

Bc 2: Thc hin cc bc to b mt nh hnh v
trn
Bc 3: Chn Feature >> Create >> Protusion
Bc 4: Chn Use Quilt >> Thin >> Done
Bc 5: Trn mn hnh lm vic chn m hnh mt nh
hnh trn.
Bc 6: Nhp vo chiu dy v chi tit (10mm).
Bc 7: Kch chut vo Built Feature to chi tit
c dng sau.
13.8.2. Bi tp
Bi tp 1: T hp cc m hnh mt nh hnh v sau (Hai hnh bn tri sau khi t hp s
thnh hnh bn phi)
142
Bi tp 2: To Solid t m hnh mt sau
Chng 13. To m hnh b mt............................................................................................136

13.1.
Gii thiu v cc m hnh b mt .......................................................................136
13.2.
Cch to m hnh b mt .........................................................................................137
13.3.
Cc thao tc trn b mt .......................................................................................137
13.4.
Cc tu chn b mt cao cp ................................................................................138
13.5.
T hp cc mt (Merging quilt) ............................................................................139
13.6.
Tu chn Boundaries ................................................................................................139
13.7.
To cc Solid t cc m hnh mt ......................................................................140
13.8.
Luyn Tp ..........................................................................................................................141
13.8.1. Thc hnh ............................................................................................................... 141

13.8.2. Bi tp ..................................................................................................................... 142
143

GT Proengineer 2000i 7073

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

You might also like

GT Proengineer 2000i 7073

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

GT Proengineer 2000i 7073

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

B mn My & Robot

Hc vin K thut Qun s

Hng dn s dng Pro/Engineer 2000i

1.1.1.Chc nng m hnh ho ......................................................................................... 1

1.2.1.Thit k theo tham s (Parametric Design)........................................................... 4

2.1.1.Chc nng thit k (CAD) ................................................................................... 10

2.3.1.t th mc lm vic ........................................................................................... 15

2.4.1.M mt m hnh .................................................................................................. 25

3.1.1.Cc khi nim ...................................................................................................... 26

3.2.1.Phc tho vi Intent Manager .............................................................................. 27

Hng dn s dng Pro/Engineer 2000i

3.5.1.Kch thc thng.................................................................................................. 34

3.6.1.To rng buc mi ............................................................................................... 39

3.7.1.Cc chc nng iu khin hin th phc tho....................................................... 40

4.1.1.Quan h gia cc feature trong m hnh.............................................................. 45

4.2.1.Cc php pht trin bin dng thnh feature........................................................ 46

Hng dn s dng Pro/Engineer 2000i

4.4. Mt phng chun...........................................................................................................50

4.5.1.Chc nng Modify - chnh sa............................................................................. 52

4.6.1.Thc hnh ............................................................................................................ 54

5.1.1.Bin dng ca feature xoay.................................................................................. 58

5.2.1.Straight Hole - l thng........................................................................................ 59

5.4.1.To mng ............................................................................................................. 61

5.5.1.Thc hnh ............................................................................................................ 63

6.2.1.Trnh t to lp mt feature bo trn ..................................................................... 65

6.3.1.Cc dng feature vt mp..................................................................................... 66

6.4.1.Cc mt phng v ng cong trung tnh ............................................................ 67

Hng dn s dng Pro/Engineer 2000i

6.6. Cc feature gn - Rib...................................................................................................69

6.9.1.Thc hnh ............................................................................................................ 71

7.3.1.ng cong chun ............................................................................................... 77

7.4.1.Thc hnh ............................................................................................................ 80

8.4.1.Thc hnh ............................................................................................................ 89

9.1.1.Menu Group ......................................................................................................... 91

9.2.1.Mirror - to feature i xng ............................................................................... 93

Hng dn s dng Pro/Engineer 2000i

9.2.3.Move>>Translate - sao chp tnh tin cc feature ............................................... 94

9.3.1.Cu lnh iu kin IF-ELSE ................................................................................ 96

9.5.1.Thc hnh ............................................................................................................ 98

10.3.1.Chnh sa cc dng sheet ................................................................................. 102

10.5.1.Menu Views..................................................................................................... 103

10.10.1.X l kch thc............................................................................................. 106

10.11.1.To ghi ch khng c leader.......................................................................... 106

11.2.1.Mt ct ton phn (Full Section)...................................................................... 114

Hng dn s dng Pro/Engineer 2000i

11.2.4.Mt ct mt phn v ton phn (Full & Local)................................................ 114

12.2.1.Cc rng buc trong lp rp ............................................................................. 127

12.3.1.Chnh sa kch thc........................................................................................ 130

12.6.1.Thc hnh ........................................................................................................ 134

13.8.1.Thc hnh ........................................................................................................ 141

Chng 1. Tng quan v cng ngh tham s v hng i tng trong

Chc nng m hnh ho .............................................................................................. 2

1.2. Nhng cng ngh mi trong CAD .................................................................................5

1.2.1. Thit k theo tham s (Parametric Design)................................................................ 5

Chng 1. Tng quan v cng ngh tham s v hng i

cc chc nng ca CAD hin i

Chc nng m hnh ho

Vi cc h CAD hin i, mi trng lm vic ch yu ca k s thit k khng phi