CHAPTER 2: CELL STRUCTURE AND CELL ORGANIZATION

Aim To study structure of paramecium and reaction of paramecium towards chemical (salt and vinegar solution). Problem of statement Does paramecium have specific structures and does paramecium reacts towards chemical? Hypothesis

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Paramecium has plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, contractile vacuole, food vacuole and cilia. 2. Paramecium moves away from chemical. Variables Fixed: Type of organism Manipulated: Types of chemical Responding: Structure and reaction of paramecium towards chemical. Apparatus Beaker, a pair of forceps, cotton wool, glass slide, cover slip, light microscope, dropper and glass rod. Materials Vinegar solution, salt solution and cultured solution of paramecium. Technique Observing and drawing structures of paramecium and reaction of paramecium towards chemicals. Procedure 1. onto the glass slide. A drop of cultured paramecium solution is put

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A cotton wool is put and spread out around the solution using a pair forceps. 3. The cover slip is used to cover the solution. 4. Then it is observed under a light microscope. 5. The observation of the solution is drawn. 6. A drop of salt solution is put on one side of the cover slip and is observed. 7. The observation is written down. 8. Step i to vii is repeated using vinegar solution and the observation is written down. Precaution measures: Wash your hands and wipe the table with detergent to kill all pathogens

Results DIAGRAM OF PARAMECIUM E3PI 2 E4PI 1

TYPES OF CHEMICALS Salt

OBSERVATION Paramecium moves away

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Vinegar

Paramecium moves away

Discussion 1. Paramecium has plasma membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, food vacuole, contractile vacuole, cytostome, gullet and cilium. 2. The function of cilium helps in the movement of paramecium while the function of contractile vacuole controls the water balance in the paramecium. 3. Paramecium moves away from chemicals such as salt solution and vinegar solution. 4. The paramecium will die and shrink in salt solution and vinegar solution Conclusion

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Paramecium has all the organelles such as nucleus, contractile vacuoles , food vacuoles , cilium , plasma membrane that are needed for living process . 2. It moves away from salt solution and vinegar. 3. Hypothesis accepted.