OPERATION OF DG GENERATOR INTRODUCTION:

1) Need

for diesel generator -Quick start up -Emergency back up

2) An overview of diesel generator

3Phase

Inner circuit cooling Water pump

Engine

Gen

Ex

Condenser

Cooling water from Cooling Tower

Emergency changeover
1) Auto changeover - power fails

U/V relay senses Energizes timer (to avoid change over during tips) Starts diesel engine

DG voltage builds

Trips normal breaker and closes emergency breaker

A nd

STARTING: For starting the Diesel Generator set, two methods are employed in general. One is Starting the Engine by using Pressurised Air and another method is by starting the engine by starter motor.

Air Starting: In the air starting Diesel Engines, atmospheric air stored in the high pressure air bottle at about 25KSC pressure. When the engine receives a starting signal, the air solenoid will energise and open the air inlet to the engine. The pressurized air will forcibly enter to the engine and rotate the crank shaft (cranking). Once the engine picks up certain speed through air pressure, diesel will be injected by operating the fuel solenoid. The process of air injection-fuel injection takes place in three time cycles. I.e, air will be pushed inside for 3 secs and fuel for 8 secs. Once the engine starts and picks up speed, the air will be cut off, and diesel will be continuously injected to sustain the speed of operation. If the engine fails to pick up speed in the first cycle, the air-fuel cycle starts again and two more attempts will be made to start the engine. If the engine fails to start even after that Engine fail to start annunciation will be initiated. Motor Starting: In the motor starting method, the initial start up of the engine will be through a DC series motor. When the engine receives a starting signal, the DC starter motor will be energized and it will run and crank the engine. Once the engine reaches certain speed, diesel will be injected and engine will pick up speed and sustain the speed of operation. The supply to the starter motor will be cut off and the motor will come to a stand still through centrifugal action. To power up the starter motor during power failure, a 24V DC battery system will be maintained with proper charging. The battery will supply power to the starter motor during starting of engine.