‘guir kfZI bfh kukIjY ]’

sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb dy 1326 pMny qy aMikq-" sMqhu sunhu sunhu jn BfeI guir kfZI
bfh kukIjY ]" pfvn pMgqI dy arQ sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb drpx dI nOvIN poQI dy
528 sPLy qy ieAuN dy hn:-"hy sMq jno ! hy Brfvo ! bFhF KVIaF krkyy kUk pukfrF
kr rhy afpxy gurU dI gwl iDafn nfl suxo ?" pMj BUqk srIr smy ajyhy bcn
Epry anuBv nhIN sn ho skdy . jnmq-(jnm lYx smy qoN hI) siqgurU nfnk
sfihb jI dI joiq dy sdIvI mflk sRI gurUgRMQ sfihb jIE ! quhfzy ies pfvn srUp
ivcoN vI KVIaF bfhF nfl AuhI kUk pukfrF suxIaF jfx df kI Bfv hY jI ? gurU gRMQ
sfihb rUp hfjLrf hjLUr siqgurU nfnk sfihb jIE ! quhfQoN ibnf ienHF ‘kUk pukfrF’
dI aslIaq kOx smJfvy ? afpxy vfhn (-svfrI) ‘gruV’ (iewk pMCI) nfl glF
krdy Bgvfn ‘ivsLnUM nUM sux ky iliKaf ‘gruV purfx’ hjLfrF sflF qoN ihMdU imrqkF
dy pfr-Auqfry df sfDn smiJaf jf rhy hox qoN pRyrq ho ky, quhfzf ieh inmfxf
dfsrf, quhfQoN sux smJ ky iswK jgq nUM ienHF kUk pukfrF dy kfrnF qoN sucyq krn
leI bycYn ho irhf hY jI. idn rfq eyvy hI kurlf irhf sF, afKLr imhrF dy BMzfr
gurdyv jI ny kUk pukfrF df kfrn bx rhIaF ‘pujfrIaF’ dIaF aQvf zyrfvfdI sfD
lfxy dIaF gurmiq ivroDI kflIaF krqUqF dI, aqy swDrF nfl isrjy (aKOqI)
KLflsf jI dIaF duKdfeI lfprvfhIaF dI iPLlm, dfsry dy mn dIaF aKIaF
sfhmixAuN lMGfAuxI afrMB kr idwqI . Jt hI ieAuN pRqIiq hoieaf ijvyN guriblfs
pfqsLfhI 6 ny gurU gRMQ sfihb-rUp siqgurU nfnk sfihb nUM Zfihaf hoieaf hY qy
AuWpr ciVHaf, mihrF dy sFeIN jIE ! dfsry nUM ajyhf iBafnk idRsLÎ iks dosL kfrn
ivKfieaf ?’ sroq hoeI, dsmduafr ivcdI lMG rhy ies sB kuJ nUM iekfgrqf
nfl vyKI-ivcfrI jfAu . vrq rhy gurmiq ivroDI BfixaF qoN afpxy afp sfrI
sbulbulIaF vjfAuNdf BMgVf pf irhf hovy aqy kol Kloqf ‘iKV iKV hwsdf’
aigafnI joigMdr isMG vydFqI guriblfs nUM hlfsLyrIaF dy irhf hyovy ? hosL hvfs
guMm kr dyx vfly ies iBafnk duKFq nUM vyKdy sfr ihrdf kurlfieaf-‘hy imJ af
jfxI hY.". ‘mn, buwDI’ suriq’ ny jo kuJ qy smiJaF Aus sfry duKFq df vyrvf pMQ
drdI prclq ho cuwkI Ausy hI mrXfdf anusfr gurU bfxI dI ivsLfl poQI nUM sdIvI
‘XfrvF gurU nfnk’ Qfp idwqf, Bfv gurmiq igafn dy gurUgRMQ rUp ‘vjd’ nUM sdIvI
gurU nfnk jI bxf idwqf sI. pr 11 sfl dI Aumry jnmq siqgurU nfnk gurmuKF dI
jfxkfrI leI ies prkfr hY:-
aiDkrn pihlf

(A)- gurdyv jI dy pfvn srUp qoN hoeI sRoq-"jnmq siqgurU nfnk jI ny afpxI
guirafeI dI ijLmyvfrI sMBflx Xog smJ ky 17 hfV sMmq 1596 nUM bfbf lhxf jI
nUM siqgurU aMgd bxfAux lwigaF jo mrXfdf sQfpq kIqI, sn 1708 nUM dsm gurU
nfnk, gurU goibMd isMG jI ny- sloku mÚ 1] dieaf kpfh sMqoKu sUqu jqu gMZI squ
vtu ] eyhu jnyAU jIa kf heI q pfzy Gqu ] nf eyhu qutY nf mlu lgY nf eyhu jlY n
jfie ] DMnu su mfxs nfnkf jo gil cly pfie ] cAukiV muil axfieaf bih cAukY
pfieaf ] isKf kMin cVfeIaf guru bRfhmxu iQaf ] Ehu muaf Ehu JiV pieaf vyqgf
gieaf ]1]" gurmiq bcnF dy aDfr qy bRfhmx gurU dy jnyAU nUM kyvl rwd hI nf sI
kIqf sgoN luwt nIqI dI Aupj sUq dy Aus nfsvMq jnyAU dI aslIaq vI nMgI kr
idwqI . bRhfmx ny gurU nfnk jI dy juIvn qoN aQvf AunHF dy gurmiq igafn joiq qoN
asMKF dmiVaF dI afmdn vfly afpxy krmkFzI mfieaf jfl dy KLfqmy df iBafnk
KLqrf jfx ilaf hoieaf hY. hux dsm siqgurU nfnk sfihb df AuWqr-aiDkfrI bxy
hox dy kfrn "XfrHvF sdIvI siqgurU nfnk" nfmxf isKF ivc prclq rihx qoN
bRfhmx nUM afpxy ‘krmkFzI mfieaf jfl’ df ibsqrf gol huMdf idws irhf hY. nfnk
nfmxy vfly myry (gurU gRMQ sfihb dy) vjUd nUM bRfhmx hr hflq ivc KLqm hoieaf
vyKx leI bycYn hY. ‘guur’ aqy ? ‘guirafeI’ sLbdF ivclf aMqr smJx qoN hIxy
bRfhmxI pujfrIvfd dI kutl nIqI dy kfbU afey myry "aKOqI KLflsy" ny ‘BfdoN sudI
eykm sMmq 1661’ inrol bRfhmxI JUT nUM pihlf prkfsL idhfVf bxf ilaf .
Auuprokq ‘idhfVf-bdlI’ vI guuru U nfnk jI dI iswKI df KLfqmF krn leI imQy tIcy
(Goal) vwl nUM pwuitaf vYrI df gMBIr kdm hY. Aus qoN vfprn vflf duKFq myrIaF
(Bfv, gurU gRMQ sfihb jI dIaF) ‘kUk pukfrF’ df pihlf kfrn bx irhf hY".

gurmuK ipafry sUJvfn pMQ drdI, hy pfTk swjx jIE ! sMKyp ivc ilKy ‘kUk
pukfrF’ dy Auprokq pihly kfrn df aqIaMq duKdfeI ipCuokV ivsQfr sihq
smJx leI-"hoie iekqR imlhu myry BfeI duibDf dUir krhu ilv lfie" gurU AupdysL
dI pflxf ivc gurmiq ivcfrF leI iekfgrqf nfl ‘gurU-hjLUrI’? ivc juV
bYTIey:-"guru myrY sMig sdf hY nfly ] ismir ismir iqsu sdf smÙfly ]" pfvn
bcnF dI Xfd bxI rihxI hI gurU hjLUrI hY:-

(a)- bfbf lhxf jI nUM afpxf AuWqr-aiDkfrI itwk lYx vflI jnmq siqguurU
nfnk sfihb jI dI inafrI sUJ-bUJ bfry gurbfxI ivc do guurUsLbd hn. eyQy kyvl
Zwukdy guuruUbcn-" guir cyly rhrfis kIeI nfnik slfmiq QIvdY ] sih itkf idqosu
jIvdY ]"{966}-sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb drpx dI sqvIN poQI dy 229 sPLy anusfr-
pd arQ:-guir=gurU ny, gurU nfnk dyv jI ny . cyly rhrfis=cyly (bfbf lhxf jI)
dI rhrfis Bfv=ardfs, prnfm, nmskfr . kIeI=kIqI . guir nfnik=gurU nfnk
ny . slfmiq QIvdY= afpxI slfmqI ivc hI, srIrk qOr qy ijAUNidaF hI .
sih=shu ny, mflk ny, gurU ny . idqos=idwqf, Aus (lhxf jI) ƒ idwqf, jIvdY=
ijAUNidaF hI . Bfv, jnmq siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI ny bfbf lihxf jI nUM gurU
aMgd sfihb bxf ky AunHF nUM afpxy inrml pMQIaF dI agvfeI dI pUrI ijLmyvfrI
afpxy jIvn kfl dy ivc hI sONpI sI. (*sLMkf-kI sfry dsoN gurU sfihbfn afpxy
jIvn kfl ivc guirafeI nhIN sn sONpdy rhy ? Auwqr-‘nhIN’. ijs qrHF jIvn kfl
ivc guirafeI jnmq siqgurU nfnk sfihb ny sONpIN sI Auh kyvl AunHF dy ihwsy df hI
gurU ieiqhfs hY . ikAuNik, gurU nfnk sfihb jI ny bfbf lihxf jI nUM apxy QF gurU
aMgd sfihb imqI 17 hfV sMmq 1596-nUM Qfipaf, pr afp imqI 23 asU sMmq
1596, (22 sqMbr sn 1539) nUM joqI joiq smfey . arQfq krIb 3 mhIny gurU
aMgd jI nUM gurU rUp ivc vyK prK lYx vflI (hor sfry 9 guuruU sfihbfn nfloN
inafrI) Aucycqf AuprMq gurdyv jI Aus prm joqI ivc lIn hoey sn. Auprokq
pfvn guurU PLurmfn ivc iesy hI ieiqhfsk scfeI vl iesLfrf hY} afpxy QF
guirafeI sONpx vflf jo nIam jnmq siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI ny sQfpq kIqf sI,
Aus dI ivafiKaf rUp pRoVqf gurU bfxI ivc ies pRkfr hY-"joiq Ehf jugiq sfie
sih kfieaf Pyir pltIaY ]"{966} gurmiq df ieh pfvn isDFq dsvyN srUp qwk
(8 kwqk sMmq 1765/ 7 akqUbr sn 1708 qwk) inrMqr iniBaf . agly
siPLaF dy ivsQfr nf ilKIaF jf rhIaF gurmiq ivcfrF qoN ies scfeI bfry pfTkF
nUM sLMkf rihq XkIn bx jfvygf.

(e)- agy clx qoN pihlF-"joiq Ehf jugiq sfie sih kfieaf Pyir pltIaY
]"{966} mhFpunIq gurUbfxI dI pMgqI ivcly "jugiq sfie"aqy "joiq Ehf" pfvn
bcnF df aMqrIv gurmiq-Bfv smJ lYxf jLrUrI hY-jugiq sfie"-df Bfv-Auh
jIvn jugiq ijs qoN inrml-pMQIaf pUrn sMq aqy aduwqI joDf bixaf sI, aqy
"joiq Ehf"-‘jnmq siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI dI Auh ‘igafn joiq’ ijs nUM afpxy
kr kMvlF nfl ilKdy rih ky poQI sfihb-" poQI prmysr kf Qfnu ]" rUp dy idwqf
sI ijs pfvn poQI sfihb nUM BfeI gurdfs jI ny afpxI pihlI vfr ivc "ikqfb"
nfmxy nfl ieAuN do vfr ijLkr kIqf hoieaf hY:-(1)-"afsf hwQ ikqfb kwC kUjf
bFg muswlf DfrI]" (1-32-2) aqy –(2)-"puCx Kol ikqfb nUM vzf ihMdU kI
muslmfnoeI]"(1-33-3). ies ikqfb, pusqk aQvf "poQI prmysr kf Qfnu ]"
ivclf gurmiq igafn hI sfrI gurU bfxI dI afDfr isLlf hY. sfrI gurbfxI Esy
pfvn ‘ikqfb’ ivcly igafn dI hI ivafiKaf-rUp gurmiq-BMzfrf hY .(Note:-
gurU nfnk sfihb jI dI ijhVI poQI sfihb nUM BfeI gurdfs jI ny ‘ikqfb’ iliKaf
hY dfsry dI mUrK sLrDf ny Ausy ikqfb nUM "poQI prmysr kf Qfnu ]" mMn ilaf
hoieaf hY. dfsry ny lg Bg hr bfr siqgurU nfnk jI dI ‘Ehf igan joiq’ leI
"poQI prmysr kf Qfnu ]" pfvn pMgqI vrqI hoeI hY. afs hY gurmuK pfTkF nUM ies
qoN koeI ieqrfjL nhIN hox lwgf?) Ausy scu qoN dfsry vfsqy ies akwt scfeI ny
pRgtrUp Dfr ilaf hY ik sfrI gurbfxI jnmq siqgurU nfnk dI afpxI hI igafn
joiq hY jo dsm srUp qwk shI slfmq puwjI aqy AuhI gurmiq igafn-joiq ‘jugo
jug atwl’ ‘guurU gRMQ sfihb rUp siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI’ sfzy anUpm rihbr hn
. pr mUrqI pUjf dy sMskfr sFBI bYTy nfsvMq akfr dy drsLnF dy BrmIaF ‘asF
isKF’ ny afkfr rihq aidRsLt ‘sLbd igafn rUp’ afpxy scy (-sdIvI) siqgurU
nfnk sfihb jI dI pCfx awj qwk vI nf kIqI ?

(s)- Xfd rKx vflf Aucycf ieiqhfsk swc-(1)-bRfhmxI mq nUM hI gurmiq bxf
dyx dI bRhmxI Xojnf dI pUrqI ivc ruJf hoieaf, rfmfiex[ mhFBfrq ijhy sPLl
kfv ilKx vfly aqy buwD Drm df Bfrq ivcoN KLfqmf kr dyx vflf qjrbykfr
khfxI GfVf bhurUpIaf vYrI, gurbfxI aqy gurU ieiqhfs bfry loVINdIaF XfddfsLqF
iqafr krdf rihx leI bVI ZITqfeI nfl gurU drbfrF ivc sdf Gusiraf rihMdf
hox dy akwt sbUq pfvn gurbfxI ivcoN:-

1- slok mÚ 4 ] sfkq jfie invih gur afgY min Koty kUiV kUiVafry ] jf guru
khY AuThu myry BfeI bih jfih Gusir bgulfry ] gurisKf aMdir siqguru vrqY cuix
kZy lDovfry ] Eie agY ipCY bih muhu Cpfieinn rlnI Kotyafry ] Enf df BKu su
EQY nfhI jfie kUVu lhin Byzfry ] jy sfkqu nru KfvfeIaY locIaY ibKu kZY muiK
Auglfry ] hir sfkq syqI sMgu n krIahu Eie mfry isrjxhfry]{312}

muV muV af Gusrdf ieh sfkq kOx sI isvfey ibwpR vYrI dy ? imTbolVy DIrjvfn
siqgurU jI vloN peI imTI JfV ?-"jf guru khY AuThu myry BfeI bih jfih Gusir
bgulfry]" Bfv, gurU jI dI hjLUrI ivc juV bYTI sfD-sMgiq ivc KotI nIaq nfl
‘bgilaF’ vFg Gusry rihMdy-ibwpR nUM imTI JfV aqy gurmuKF nUM sucyq rihx df hokf
. inrsMdyh gurdyv jI df sMkyq Ausy sUhIey vl hY jo vYr nIaq nfl guruU sMgiq ivc
afAuNdy gurisKF ivc Gusiraf rihMdf afpxI XojnF nUM nypry cfV irhf sI .-2- iPr
gurdyv jI df ieh pfvn bcn-"siqgur kI rIsY hoir kcu ipcu boldy sy kUiVafr
kUVy JiV pVIaY ] EnÙf aMdir horu muiK horu hY ibKu mfieaf no JiK mrdy kVIaY ]"
{gAu:vfr:m: 4]pMnf-305} spwsLt kr rhy hn ik ‘nfnk’ nfm nfl kwcI ipwlI
bfxI rc rhy vI jnyAU rd kIqf jfx vfly idn qoN vYrI bx bYTy dy isvf hor kOx sI
? hjLfrF sflF qoN ividaf qoN kory rKy hoey BfrqIaF ivcoN isvfey kUt bRfhmx vYrIaF
dy Kot rlI kcI bfxI hor iks ny ilKxI sI ? ies qoN ielfvf rsoeIaf, rmlIaF
aQvf ‘syvfdfr lfgI’ dy rUp ivc ieh pRoihq afpxI phuMc gurU GrF ivc sdf
bxfeI rKdf hox dI toh vI gurbfxI ivcoN hI pRfpq ho rhI hY .-3-sfihbjLfdf
hirgoibMd jI nUM iek bRfhmx pfpI duafrf dhIN ivc jLihr dyx dy asPLl Xqn df
Aujfgr sbUq Audfhrx vjoN ieh pfvn quk:-BYrAu mhlf 5 ] lypu n lfgo iql kf
mUil ] dustu bRfhmxu mUaf hoie kY sUl ]1]{1137} arQ:-hy BfeI ! (prmfqmf dI
imhr afpxy syvk AuWqy hoeI hY, bflk (gurU) hirgoibMd AuWqy Aus dusLt dI mMdI
krqUq df) iblkul rqf Br BI mfVf asr nhIN ho sikaf (pr gurU dy prqfp nfl
Auh) cMdrf bRfhmx (pyt ivc) sUl AuWTx nfl mr igaf hY .1.{sRI gu:gRM:d: poQI 8
sPLf 313} nvyN qoN nvyN hr Zuwkvy Bys ivc bRfhmx sUhIaf, gurU drbfrF dy nfl gurU
pRvfrF ivc vI viVaf rih ky Xog smy qy vrqI jfx leI gurU ieiqhfs bfry pUrI
jfxkfrI dy loVINdy Notes ilK ky kFsLI Byjdf rihMdf sI. vYrIaF dI ies krqUq
nUM qfV rhy gurU rfmdfs jI gurbfxI dI punr sMpfdnf vflf sukfrj BfvyN afp hI
kr lYNdy pr-"gih Bujf lIno dfsu apno joiq joqI rlI ]" pMj BUqk srIr dI
sMsfr qoN sdIvI ivdfiegI df hukm CyqI af igaf. hux ieh kfrj dYvI brkqF vfly
AunHF dy spuwqr siqgurU arjn sfihb jI ny krnf sI .

(h)- pMcm siqgurU nfnk sfihb gurU arjn jI ny gurbfxI suriKaq kr leI:-
sujfn pfTkF dy Aucycy iDafn dI mMg kr irhf ieh Bfxf- gRMQI, kQfkfr, rfgI
ZfzI afid sfzy AupdysLk prcfr kr rhy huMdy hn ik ‘pMjvy pfqsLfh jI’ kol jd
gur bfxI ivwc vYrI Kot rlf rhy dIaF sLkfieqF puwjIaF qF aKy AunHF ny sfrI
gurbfxI nUM kiQq Kot qoN rihq krky iewko poQI ivc ilKx leI vwsoN qo htvyN
"rfmsr" (Aus smy pfxI dI CotI ijhI CwpVI) igrdy dy sMGxy bx nUM iekFq QF jfx
ky qMbU knfqF lfAux df hukm dy idwqf. kyvl BfeI gurdfs jI nUM kol rihx dI Cot
nfl bfkI sfiraF leI qMbU dy aMdr Jfkx dI vI mnfhI kr idwqI . Bfv, pihlF
ilKI bfxI dy Auqfry nfl iewko poQI ilKx dy sukfrj leI pMcm siqgurU jI ny bVy
sLfhI prbMDF ivc iGrI ajyhI iekFq ivc kIqf sI ijQy jLrf ijMnI vI iekFq nhI
sI rih kdI ? (not:-ieAuN iswD huMdf hY ijvyN kQfkfrF ZfzIaF afid prcfrkF dy
AupoRokq vrxn BfsLn guriblfs dI kQf qoN hI prclq hoey sn, ikAuNik keI
prkfr dy purfxk ZMg dIaF JUTIaF khfxIaf nfl sLfhI prbMDF vflf gurmiq
ivroDI iKlfrf eysy ilKfrI ny hI iliKaf hY).

pr Aus smy dy hflfq kuJ hor qrHF dIaF pukfrF kr rhy hn ? (1)-pMcm gurdyv
jI Buwly hoey nhIN sn ik AunHF dy nfnf gurdyv siqgurU amrdfs jI nUM idwlI dy
smrft df hukm afAux kfrn guruU nfnk sfihb jI dI poQI (Auproq –-e-pYry vflI
siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI dI ikqfb) dy smyq gurU amrdfs jI dI sfrI bfxI sLfhI
drbfr ivc pysL krn leI AunHF dy ipqf gurdyv ‘jyTf’ jI nUM (guurUrfmdfs jI df
pYdfiesLI nfm ‘jyTf’ sI) do vfr jfxf ipaf sI. nvIN qoN nvINn qrjL dIaF kIqIaF
jf rhIaF cugLlIaF qoN guurU nfnk sfihb dI iswKI mugLlIaf srkfr dIaF awKIaF
ivc kMkr vFg rVkx lwg peI hox qoN vI pMcm pfqsLfh jI pUrI qrHF sucyq sn.
(2)-Auprokq-(e)-pYrf ivc ivcfry gursLbdF dy aDfr qy spwsLt ho cuwikaf hY ik
bRfhmxI ‘cugLl-jfsUsF’ dI phuMc gurU drbfr qoN awgy guruU GrF qwk ho jfxI vI aOKI
nhIN sI rhI hoeI. iqafr hoeIaF gurbfxI dIaF poQIaF df Auqfrf iewk poQI ivc
krdy smy kiQiq Kot kwZI jfxf vI prm sujfn gurdyv jI leI koeI smwisaf nhI
sI. ajyhy hflfq ivc kiQq rfmsr ivKy qMbU knfqf lfAux df byloVf ivKfvf (jo
inrsLMdyoh 200 sfl huMdI rhI guriblfs dI kQf qoN jnimaf) gurmiq rihxI dy
ankUl nf hox dy kfrn pMcm siqguuruU nfnk jI ny ajyhf azMbr kdy vI pRvfn nhIN
sI krnf . iPr "nfmu bIju sMqoKu suhfgf rKu grIbI vysu ]"-jgq nUM ‘grIbI vys
rKx df AudysL aQvf-"ruKI suKI Kfie kY TMZf pfxI pIAu ]" Auh vI gujLfry anusfr
QoVf Kfx pIx dI," aMnu pfxI QoVf Kfieaf" isiKaf, hr pwKoN sfdgI vrqx dI
isiKaf idRV krf rhy gurdyv jI bfry ieh ikhf jf irhf hY ik pihlF ilKIaF kuJ
pfvn poQIaF qoN ieko poQI ivc kyvl Auqfrf ilKx leI GroN htvIN AujfV QfvyN
qMbUaF knfqF rUp ivsLfl sLfhI ivKfvf iKlfr bYTy sn ? ajyhI ivKfvf iekFq jo
gurmiq dy vYrIaF ny kdy siQr nhIN sI rihx dyxI prm sujfn gurdyv jI ny kdy vI
prvfn nhIN sI krnI . (sfzy mfqf) gMgf jI dI syvf sMBfl vfly Gr dI invyklI QF
nflo hor cMgI QF ikhVI ho skdI sI. afpxy prvfr dy hI ivdvfn ilKfrI BfeI
gurdfs jI nUM nfl lY lYxf kfPLI sI. ajoky 1430 siPLaF vflf gurU gRMQ sfihb iek
sfl qoN vwD smy ivc iqafr hoieaf mMinaF igaf hY. pr jd prm-sujfn gurdyv jI
afp hI bol ky ilKf rhy hox qF, BfeI gurdfs jI vrgf isdkI qy isrVI ilKfrI
sfry idn ivc jy Gto Gwt 5 sPLy vI ilKI rKdy qF 290 idnF dy aMdr aMdr sfrf
kfrj sihl hI nypry cV jfxf sI. sfl dy idn qF sgo 365 huMdy hn? ivKfvf ieAuN
kIqf jf irhf hY ijvyN sYNkVy Auqfry iqafr kIqy gey hox ? kI pqf AunHF dohF mhfn
sKsLIaqF ny ieh kfrj kuJ mhIinaF ivc kr sMBfl ilaf hovy ? sLhIdI vflf
kihr vrqn smy qk poQI sfihb dI ajy iksy nUM sUh qk vI nf sI lwgI.

(k)- trFto dy vsnIk gurmiq dy KojI- ‘igafnI hrijMdr isMG jI qoN pRfpq hoeI
sUcnf anusfr gurU qygLbhfdr sfihb jI ny afpxI bfxI vI ZwukvyN QfvF qy afp hI
*drj kr ky dsLmysL nUM guirafeI sONpx smy Auh pfvn poQI vI AunHF dy spurd kr
idwqI sI . *jLrUrI not:-Auprokq sUcnf nUM JuTlfAux leI dfsry kol koeI dlIl nf
hox kfrn Aus nUM sc mMn lYx ivc vI koeI hrj nf jfixaF . ikAuNik-(1)- mhfn
kosL anusfr afkfsLoN DrqI qy AuqrI ‘Bgvfn isLv jI dI ‘purI’ kFsLI bRfhmxvfdI
ividaf df pRiswD kyNdr hY aqy jo siqguurU nfnk sfihb jI dI iswKI dy vYrIaF dy,
aQvf gurmiq igafn dy kwtV ivroDIaF df gVH hY Aus nfl iswKI df kI vfsqf ?
dsLmysL jI ny qlvMzI sfbo nUM iks KLusLI ivc jF iks mjbUrI kfrn "guurU kI kFsI"
bxfAuxf sI? -(2)- iPr iek pwK ieh internet qy cl rhI ivdvfnf dI crcf
vflf Learning zone ivsLv Br ivc jfixaf vriqaf jf irhf hY.
Brampton (Canada) dy vfsI ivdvfn nOjvfn gurpRIq isMG ‘smrf’ dy
ilKy gurmiq dI sUJ krf rhy lyK bVy slfhy jFdy hox dy kfrn Auprokq vrxn
learning zone ivc aqy iswK ivrsf ivc inrMqr Cp rhy hn. Aus ivdvfn
bytf jI ny igafnI jgqfr isMG jI jfck jo hirmMdr sfihb dy gRMQI rih cuwky hn
aqy hux inAUXfrk amrIkf dy gurduafry ivc gRMQI dI pdvI qy ssLoBq hn df- sLRI
gurU gRMQ sfihb jI dy ‘dmdmI srUp’ df ieiqhfsk swc’-isrlyK hyT iliKaf
Internet qo pRfpq hoieaf lyK dfsry nUM vI ilaf idwqf. Aus dy qIjy sPLy dy bVy
arQ BrpUr ieh bcn-"vIhvIN sdI dy muwZly dOr ivwc rcIaF do rcnfvF ‘pMQ
pRkfsL qy qvfrIKL gurU KLflsf’ ivwc sfbo kI qlvMzI (biTMzy) ivKy sMn 1705
(sMmq 1762) nUM gurU jI vloN, kyvl DIrml df AulHfmf (jy ‘gibMd isMG’ afpxy
afp nUM gurU aKvFdf hY qF Auh nvIN bIV Aucfrn kr lvy) Auqfrn leI Aucfrn
kIqI bIV dI ielfkfpRsqI dy pRBfv hyT GVI khfxI, ieiqhfsk-swc dy sfhmxy
muwZoN hI rwd ho jFdI hY . ikAuNik, Bwt vhIaF dI pRmfxIk qy akwt gvfhI iswD krdI
hY ik bfbf DIrmwl qy Auhdy byty rfm cMd nUM qF gurU goibMd isMG jI dy gurgwdI bYTx
dy pihly sfl ivwc aqy gurU jI dy sfbo kI qlvMzI phuMcx qoN 29 sfl pihlF hI
bfdsLfh aOrMgjLyb df hukm nfl sMmq 1733 (sMn 1676) ivwc igRPqfr kIqf jf
cuwkf sI aqy iPr rxQMbOr dy ikly ivwc njLrbMd rwiKaf iPr agly hI sfl sMn
1734 (sMn 1677) ivwc AuQy hI kql vI kr idwqf igaf sI aqy Aus dy byty ‘rfm
cMd’ nUM sMmq 1735 (sMn 1678) ivwc (kql krvf idwqf). ipMRsIpl hrBjn isMG
jI dI pusqk ‘ibbyk buiD’ ivKy pMnf 132’ qy Bwt vhIaF dI ilKq ies pRkfr hY:
"sMmq 1733 ibkrmI asU vdI duafdsLI nUM bfbf bkflf qoN bfbf DIrmwl jI idwlI
srkfr dy bulfey idwlI nUM gey" jo iPr kdy vI nf muVy . so kdy nf Buwlx jog eyh
sLMkf rihq swcfeI hY ik gurU qygLbhfdr sfihb jI dI bfxI sRI anMdpur rihMdy smy
hI ‘poQI sfihb’ ivc ilKI jf cuwkI sI .

(K)-guriblfs pfqsLfhI 6’ pusqk df anoKf kfrf?:-gurmiq df Gfq krn leI

iqafr kIqI jf rhI smwgRI ivco ‘guriblfs pfqsLfhI 6’ pihlI pusqk sI jo kFsI
dy ivdvfnf dIaF afsF AumIdf qy pUrI AuqrdI sI. Aus nUM isKF dI Drmsflf df
sMBflU, sMcflk qy gurmiq df prcfrk bx bYTy AudfsI inrmly mhMq rUp bRfhmx
pujfrIaF kol pucf idqf igaf . Aus smy dy gRMQI ajoky muK pujfrI sRI akfl qKLq
aigafnI joigMdr isMG vydFqI ny Aus guriblfs dy rcnf kfl df inrxf krn leI
kIqI Koj df vyrvf pusqk dI BUimkf dy 66 sPLy qoN ilKxf afrMB krky iswtf 69
sPLy qy ies pRkfr iliKaf hY-"guriblfs dI rcnf df kfrj iek jyT 1774 ib: nUM
afrMB hoieaf aqy 22 idn sfvx bIiqaF 1775 ib: (sMn 1718) nUM smfpq
hoieaf. Bfv, siqgurU gRMQ sfihb nUM guirafeI sONpI jfx dy 10 sflF dy aMdr aMdr
hI ieh pusqk iqafr ho geI sI . sn 1718 (sMmq 1775) ivc ivc ilK rhy
guriblfs dy ilKfrI nUM ieh pUrf igafn sI ik gurU arjn sfihb jI ny gurU nfnk
sfihb jI dy smy qoN iekwqr hoeI (Bgq-mhFpurKF dy bfxI smyq sfrI pMjF gurU
sfihbfn dI) bfxI nUM iewko poQI ivc ilK ky inwjI sMBfl ivc lY ilaf hoieaf sI.
hr pwKoN sucyq aqy inafrIaF cVqF sihq blvfn ho cuwky KLflsf jI dy huMidaF iksy
hor ivDI nfl nvF ‘gurU gRMQ sfihb’ isrj ilaf hox dI gfQf ilK ky dsLmysL jI dy
kIqy sukfrj nUM insPLl bxfAux df Xqn krnf mOq nUM swdf dyx vflI mUrKqfeI sI
. pr ikAuNik isKF kol guriblfs df kQfkfr isvfey AudfsI inrmlf rUp bRfhmx
vYrI dy dUjf hor koeI hY hI nhIN sI ies leI[ inpuMn kvI aqy gurmiq dy igafqf
ilKfrI ny sfry Jfky lfh ky gur iblfs pusqk dy 56 sLPLy qoN afrMB hoey cOQy
aiDafie dI qIjI cOpeI qoN hI poQIaF qoN kiQq rly qoN kIqI suDfeI aQvf gurbfxI
dy Auqfry nfl iewko poQI iqafr krn dI gl Buwl Bulf ky, gurU arjn sfihb nUM pfqR
dy rUp ivc vrqidaF, gurmiq-igafn dfqf cfnx munfrf nhIN sgoN sMsfr-sfgr qoN
qfrxhfr aQvf kilafx krqy "gurU gRMQ sfihb"dI isrjxf dI inrmUl gfQf
ilKxI afrMB kr idwqI . Audfhrx vjoN:-

cOpeI ] gur arjn min aYsy DfrXo .5kroN jqn ijh jg insqfrÎo .

bfxI gurU gurU hY bfxI .6bydn qqu miQ buiD mDfxI ]3] 7chu Kt nO kf sfr
inkfrf .8gur nfnk bfxI 9ivsQfrf .

ds mhlF qk rUp hfmfry .9afgy pUjf ikh insqfry ]4]

qf qy sB bfxI iekwTXo10 . pUjnIv11 "gur" gRMQ bnWXo .

qb lO eyk iswK qh . guru arjn ko sIsu inVXo ]5]

pd arQ:-5-koeI aYsf AuWdm krF ijs nfl sMsfr dy jIvF df pfrAuqfrf ho sky
.6-vydF dy qq sfr ky kiZaf .7-cfr vyd Cy sLfsqR nO ivafkrxf df qq .8-sRI
gurU nfnk jI dI bfxI df ibsQfr kIqf hY.-(9u)-ibsqfr=sM[ ivsœfr, sMgXf-
PYlfAu.-9-sfzy joqI joiq smfAux mgro iks dI pUjf jIvF dI kilafn krygI ?-
10-iek QF iekwTI krIey (sB bfxI- qoN ilKfrI df Bfv iks ‘sB bfxI’ qoN hY ?
ikAuNik kiQq qOr qy gurU gRMQ sfihb jI dI isrjxf vfly ies lyK ivc ilKfrI ny
kyvl goieMdvfl vflIaF bfbf mohn jI dIaF poQIaF df hI ijLkr kIqf hY . {AuNglF
dy igxy jf skx vfly iswKF qoN vwD, sfry hI isK ies scfeI qoN awj vI axjfx hn
ik bfbf mohn vflIaF poQIaF ivc gurbfxI nhIN sgoN gurmiq ivroDI bRfhmxI kuPLr
hI iliKaf hoieaf hY . ies kfrn gurbfxI dy pwky vYrI, ies ilKfrI df "sB bfxI"
qoN Bfv inrsMdyh bfbf mohn jI dIaF gurmiq ivroDI poQIaF hI hn)-11-pUjxXog.

Auprokq cOpeIaF ivc huisLafr ilKfrI dyy gurmiq ivroDI kfiraF df vyrvf ies
pRkfr hY:-

(1)-krIb 114 sfl pihlF df gurU-ieiqhfs ilK rhy ilKfrI ny Auprokq ]3]
nMbr cOpeI dI pihlI pMgqI df pihlf awD-"gur arjn min aYsy DfrXo" Bfv-
siqgurU jI dy mn dI Dfrnf nUM ikvyN buwJ ilaf ik Auh jgq insqfry leI koeI Xqn
krn lgy sn ? kol bYTy sfQI dy mn dI gl nhI buJI jf skdI ies ilKFrI ny
114 sfl pihlF joqI-joiq smf cuwky gurdyv jI dy mn dI gwl ikvyN buwJ leI ? hy
pfTk swjx jIE ! kI ieh ieko pRqwK JUT kfPLI nhIN hY ilKfrI dI klm qoN ilKy sB
kuJ nUM inrol JUT mMn lYx leI ?-(2)- iPr dUjI pMgqI ivc gurU g RMQ sfihb jI dy
982 aMk vfly ‘nt mhlf 4 ]’ gurU sLbd dI pMjvI quk dI pihlI pMgqI -"bfxI
gurU gurU hY bfxI ivic bfxI aMimRqu sfry ]" ivcoN kyvl pihly cfr pd- "bfxI gurU
gurU hY bfxI"- ilK ky sfrI gurbfxI nUM ‘bwuDI rUp mDfxI nfl irVk ky kiZaf vydF
dy qq sfr hox df Brm bxf idwqf,-(3)-aglI 4 nMbr cOpeI dI pihlI pMgqI
ivc Aucycy qOr qy kyvl ‘gurU nfnk sfihb" jI dI hI bfxI ? inrsMdyh AunHF dI
Auh- "poQI prmysr kf Qfnu]" pfvn poQI sfihb hY ijs df ijLkr Auprokq-e-
pYry dy (1)- (2]-Sub-pYiraF ivc af cuwkf hY. Aus poQI sfihb ivclI gurbfxI
hI "joiq Ehf" rUp ivc smuwcI pfvn gurUbfxI dI aDfr isLlf hY. ilKfrI ies
scfeI qoN vI BlI BFqI sucyq sI ik iswKF ivc bxy ivsLvfsL anusfr sfrI gurUbxI
Ausy pfvn "ikqfb" df ("poQI prmysr kf Qfnu]"df) hI ivsœfr hY. kutlqf dy
isKLr qy jf ibrfjy ies ilKfrI ny Aucycy qOr qy gurU nfnk sfihb jI dI Ausy "aDfr
isLlf" pfvn bfxI nUM hI-"cfr vyd Cy sLfsqR nO ivafkrxf df qwqÍ" bxf ky bVI
cqurfeI nfl ieh kih idwqf ik isKF kol dI sfrI bxI asl ivc vyd bfxI hI hY ?
-(4)-Ausy cOQI hI cOpeI dI dUjI pMgqI ivc pMcm pfqsLfh jI dI jLbfnI ieh
drsf ky, ik, ‘jd dsoN gurU sLrUp joqI joiq smf cwuky qF lok iks dI pUjf qoN
insqfrf pRfpq kiraf krngy’, nfnk pMQIaF dy mn ivc bxy-‘pUjf kyvl akfl
dI’ ivsLvfsL nUM vlUMDiraf hY . aqy iPr-(5)-pMj nMbr cOpeI dI pihlI pMgqI-"
sB bfxI iekwTX" sfrI bfxI iekwqr krn df Auhlf bxf ky keI pRkfr dy
bRfhmxvfd nUM gurmiq bxf dyx df rfh bxf ilaf. asl ivc ilKfrI df Xqn ieh
Brm pwkf kr lYx df hY ik gurbfxI dy rcyqf, prm igafnI gurU sfihbfn ijnHF
bfry sfzf ivsLvfs ieh hY ik Auh srbklf smrwQ hr pwKo sucyq[ inpuMn dYvI
rihbr sn, Auh prmsujfn gurdyv jI (ilKfrI leI asl ivc) afpxI rcI bfxI-
rUp anmol KLjLfny nUM iksy sMdUk, sMdUkVI almfrI afidk ivc ieko QF itkfeI
rwKidaF sMBfl kr lYx jogy vI nhIN sn ? jd ik ieqhfsk swc iek ieh vI hY
ik, pihlI pfvn poQI (ikqfb) qF ieslfm dy gVH ‘bgLdfd’ ivc ivcridaF smyN vI
siqgurU jI dI kwC ivwc hI rhI sI. qdy hI hfjIaF ny gurdyv jI nUM afpxI Aus
pfvn pivwqr"ikqfb" dy hvfly nfl eImfn dI gwl dsx dI gl puwCI sI-XQf:-

puCn gl eImfn dI kfjLI mulF iekTy hoeI] vzf sFg vrqfieaf lK n sky kudriq
koeI] puCx Kol ikqfb nUM vzf ihMdU kI muslmfnoeI ] bfbf afKy hfjLIaF sLuB amlF
bfJo dovyN roeI] ihMdU muslmfn doie drgih aMdr lYx n ZoeI ] kcf rMg kusuMB kf
pfxI DoqY iQr n rhoeI]6]{vf:1:puA:-33)
so bfxI iekwqr krn vflf sfrf zfrfmf Enf hI gurmiq ivroDI aqy JUT hY ijMnf
gurU gRMQ sfihb jI dI isrjxf vflf duKdfeI ‘kuPLr’ Sheer Lie . aqy iPr
JUT-gfQf dy pfqr bxf ley hoey gurU arjn sfihb jI dI jLbfnI:-

diraf ibafs dy nyVy goieMdfvl rihMdy gurU amrdfs jI dy byty ‘mohn jI’ koloN
gurbfxI dIaF poQIaF ilafAux df JUT zrfmf rcf ky keI qrHF dy gurmiq ivroDI
JUT nUM gurmiq df ihwsf bxfAuNidaF ieh pRBfv dy ilaf hY ik gurbfxI dy rcyqf
pihly gurU sfihbfn ny Auh amolk KLjLfnf inwjI sMBfl ivc sMBflI rwKx dy QF bfbf
mohn ijhy ‘nIm pfgLl’ aqy ipqf dy khy qoN bfhr byasUly mnwuK dy hvfly kr
riKaf sI. guriblfs dy 56 sPLy qoN afrMB ho ky 119 sPLy qk ies cOQy aiDafie
ivc iksy pRkfr dIaF poQIaF qoN kIqy Auqfry nfl gRMQ ilK lYx df iesLfrf qwk nhIN
imldf. sfrI bfxI nvyN isry rcI jf rhI df hI pRBfv bxfeI riKaf hY. Bfv Aus
ivc pihlF qoN iqafr huMdI rhI pfvn bfxI df iek sLbd vI nf hox dy kfrn aqy
guriblfs qy qwqkry dy sqvy sPLy qy, RSS dy pwky eyjMt, pMQ DRohI aigafnI
joigMdr isMG vydFqI dy ilKy ieh bcn-" sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb jI dI rcnf krn leI
suMdr jgHf dI Koj" qsdIkI Certificate hY ik aslI sRI gurU gRMQ eyhI hY.
Bfv, nfdyV ivKy sn 1708 vfly gurU ieiqhfs qy lkIr ? gRMQ rcnf vfly ies
inrmUl zrfmy bfry dfsry ny guru bfxI dy ies pfvn PLurmfn-"AuGir gieaf jYsf
Kotf ZbUaf ndir srfPf afieaf ] aMqrjfmI sBu ikCu jfnY Aus qy khf Cpfieaf
]" dy aDfr qy ilKI-" gurU-bfxI dI ksvwtI qy guriblfs pfqsLfhI 6" pusqk jo
julfeI sn 2003 pfTkF dy hQF qwk puwj rhI hY, Aus pusqk dy 292 sPLy qoN 371
sPLy qwk anykF gurU sLbdF dy prmfxf sihq ilKy sLMkf rihq lyK ivwc ilKfrI dI
Aus kutlqf df pol nMgf kridaf bRfmxvfd nUM gurmiq bxfieaf hox dy KwulHy drsLn
krfey hoey hn. iPr vI sujfn pfTkF dI Xfd-shUlq leI Aus kuPLr krqUq df
sMKyp rUp ies pRkfr hY- "goieMdvfl qoN poQIaF ilafAux dI mnGVq JUTI gfQf
ilK lYx AuprMq, gurugRMQ sfihb jI dI iqafrI df sRI gxysL ?:-

svWXf] sRI gur lfie dIvfn qbY, afiq anMd soN ieh BFiq alfeI .

BfeI gurdfs sno icq dY 14ab syq rco 15Bv isMDu qrfeI .

gRMQ jhfjL kroN ien16 poQIan 17 pVH hY sun hY nru jo drsfeI .

imRqM Bv18 qfih imtY nr kI[ Puin aMq smYN gur isimRiq pfeI19 ]309}
tUk ivcly pd arQ-14-iDafn dy ky.13-bfxI df iek gRMQ iqafr krFgy ijhVf
sMsfr smuMdr qoN pfr Auqfrn leI pul vjoN kMm krygf. 15-sMsfr smuMdr . 16-
ienHF poQIaF qoN .17-jo pVHygf, sxygf . 18-jnm mrn . 19-aMq smy gurU dI Xfd
pRfpq hovy.

Bfv arQ- gur (arjn sfihb jI) bVy afnMd ivc dIvfn lfeI bYTy sn . BfeI
gurdfs jI nUM sMboDn krky ies qrHF PLurmfn kIqf-hy BfeI gurdfs jIE Ù! asIN hux
bfxI df iek gRMQ iqafr krFgy ijhVf sMsfr smuMdr qoN pfr Auqfrn leI pul vjoN
kMm krygf. ijhVf ies nUM pVyH suxygf jF drsLn krygf aqy jo aMq smy guruU nUM Xfd
krygf Aus df jnm mrn imt jfvygf .309. nfdyV ivKy bxy sMn 1708 vfly gurU
ieiqhfs nUM JUTlfAux dI kUt nIqI nfl ilKy jf rhy JUT quPLfn dy ies pihly svwXy
ivc hI gurmiq ivroDI ieh AupdysL ik poQIaF nUM kyvl pVHn suxn qy drsLnf nfl
hI jnm mrx kitaf jFdf hY. sMpfdnf krn df kmjLor ijhf Auhlf bxf ky gurU
arjn sfihb jI nUM pfqr vjoN vrqidaF AunHF dy hQIN AunHF dI guirafeI dy smy hI
dUjf gurU iqafr krvfAux vflf kuPLr ijs nUM sRI akfl qKLq sfihb dy muK pujfrI
dI klm gurmiq dy ankUl drsf rhI dy kro drsLn:-(kyvl RSS nfl sOdy bfjLI
smy qkVI rkm vsUl krn dI nIaq nfl) pwQr Cfpy dI sMmq 1944 (sn
1887) dI CpI guriblfs dI purfqn aYzIsLn sMBflI bYTy hirmMdr sfihb dy
sInIar gRMQI igafnI joigMdr isMG vydFqI ny Aus purfqn Cfpy dI suDfeI aQvf
punr sMpfdnf krky Aus nUM isKF leI Drm gRMQ bxf lYx dI (ilKqI) qIbr iewiCaf
nfl-(aKLbfrF ivc inrMqr Cpdy af rhy irsLvq KorI smyq hor vI rMgf rMg keI
ieljLfmF bfry sdf cup vwtI bYTy vydFqI jI qoN gMBIr sLMky bx rhy hn ik sLfied
iksy bVI motI rkm dy vwty RSS nfl aMdr Kfqy kIqy sOdy Agreement dI
pUrqI leI ?) ies gurmiq ivroDI dusLkrm dI ivroDqf ivc pfTkF nUM sucyq rihx
leI icqfvxI qF kI ilKxI sI sgoN gurUpMQ nfl duKdfeI DRoh krdy af rhy
aigafnI joigMdr isMG vydFqI ny Aus pusqk dy qwqkry dy swqvyN sPLy qy ieAuN ilK
idqf-"sI gurU gRMQ sfihb dI rcnf krn leI suMdr jgfh dI Bfl sPLf 86-" qF jo
pfTkF nUM Brosf bixaf rhy ik gurU gRMQ sfihb dI rcnf df ieh (ku)kfrj gurmiq
dy aYn ankUl hI hY ? iPr BfeI gurdfs jI, bfbf buwZf jI, aqy keI iswK syvkF nUM
nfl lY ky grdyv jI nUM iksy pUrn iekFq vflI QF dI Bfl krdy rhy drsf ky sMGxy
jMgl ivclI CpVI nyVy df mYdfn psMd kr ilaf aqy AuQy qMbU knfqf lfAux dI
afigaf dy idwqI ilKfrI ny drsf leI. AuprMq, bVI Pldfiek gurUsyvf dy Poky JFsy
nfl aMDivsLvfsLI sMgq koloN Aus CpVI dI imwtI putvf ky Aus nUM CpVI qoN
kilafnkfrI CwpV Bfv gurmiq ivroD ‘rfmsr’ vI pMcm gurdyv jI qoN hI bixaf
drsf ilaf ? hor vI vWD duKdfeI JUT df krmvfr vyrvf (1)-Aus kiQq‘rfmsr’
dy kMZy qy bYiTaF gAuVI bfvn aKrI mhlf 5] bfxI dI rcnf kIqI drsf ky Aus
qfl dI iek nuwkry AuwgI-(2)‘ byrI dy hyTF "gAuVI suKmnI mÚ 5 ]" dI rcnf hoeI
drsf ky dohF (qlfb qy ruwK) nUM pMcm pfqsLfh jI qoN gurmiq ivroDI afpxI ivAuNq
dy bRhmxI ‘vr’ imldy drsf ky AunHF nUM ajyhy pUjnIk drsfieaf ik rcI geI
gurbfxI dy pfT nf kr skx dI kmI byrI dy drsLn dIdfiraF qoN hI pUrI ho jfx df
ivsLvfsL bxf idwqf. (3)-keI sflF qoN joqI joiq smf cuwky sfry Bgq pRgt ho ky
afpxI bfxI afp ilKvfAuuNdy rhy ?(4)-cOhF vydF nUM cfr cfr BtF dy rUp ivc
prgt ho afey drsf ky gurU jI mMg pUrI kridaF svwXy ilKvfAudy? (5)-sqY
blvMz dI JUT gfQf nfl duKBMjnI byrI nUM krfmfqF dI mflk drsf ky zUMm BrFvF
nUM vI pMcm gurU nfnk sfihb jI dI mMg qy AunHF dI Ausqiq rUp bfxI rcdy drsf
ilaf (6)-eyny nUM sfry rfgF nUM mnwuKI jfmy ivc pRgt ho ky koJIaF sLkfieqF krdy
drsf ky crcf df kfrn bxI kiQq ‘rfgmflf’ ilKvfeI drsf ky Aus dy pfT qoN
ibnF gurU gMQ sfihb df kIqf pfT insPl ? (7)- aMq ivc Aus kiQq iekFq vflI
ibvrijq QF ivc Aus ‘kljug’ nUM af hfjLr hoieaf drsf ilaf ijs dI iksy pRkfr
dI hoNd nUM jnmq siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI ny-rfmklI mhlf 1 astpdIaf[[]
‘soeI cMdu cVih sy qfry soeI idnIaru qpq rhY’ ] … 8]1] gurU sLbd duafrf
mwuZo hI rwd kr idqf hoieaf hY . aKLy kljug ny bVI inmrqf nfl gurU sLMgqF dy
drsLnF leI sMgiq ivc af bYTx dI iejfjLq cfhI . gurU-hjLUrI ivc juV bYTIaF
sLFq icq nfm rs dI TMz mfxdIaF af rhIaF grU sMgqF vflI ‘Drmsflf’ df
anusfsLn sdf leI qbfh kr dyx dI Xojnf aDIn gurmiq dy vYrI, ies mhF kutl
ibwpR ilKfrI ny, afpxf pfqr bxf ley hoey ‘pMcm siqgurU nfnk gurU arjn
pfqsLfh jI’ dI jLbfnI pRsLfd vrqdy smy Aus kiQq kljug nUM guurU drbfr ivc af
vVn dI mnjLUrI iml geI drsf leI. pujfrI vfd ny ies guriblfs dI kQf krdy
smy ies kiQq iejfjLq dI gl ajyhI BrmfAU sLbdfvlI ivc iswK-sMgiq nUM
suxfieaf krnI ik ividafhIn gurisKF dy mnF ivc pRsLfd vrqn smy pY rhy
bicaF dy sLor sLrfby ivcoN gurU arjn sfihb jI dIaF KLusLIaF njLr afAux lwg
peIaF. gurU drbfrF dy anusfsLn dI AulMGxf vflf bwicaF df ieh rOlf gOlf sgoN
guurU drbfrF df ihwsf bxdf igaf ? ijs df hI iswtf hY ik inafry KLflsf jI dy
inafry siqgurU jI dy inafry drbfr ivc hor sfry Drm-asQfnF qoN inafry qoN
inafry JgVy PLsfd hoxy afrMB ho gey. afpxy siqgurU jI dI hjLUrI ivc swjy gurU
drbfrF ivc iewk dUjy dy kys dfhVIaF puwtdy, gfhlo gfhlI, hUry mwukIaF qoN agFh
pwQr dy jLmfny vfly jFglI mnwuK nUM vI dUr ipwCy Cwz quiraF vFg ‘ jY qygM ’ dI
vrqoN nfl guru drbfrF nUM gurU BfeIaF dy lhU nfl lfl gulfl kr rhIaF gurU dIaF
lfzlIaF PLOjF nUM kysF qoN PVI DUeI jFdI puls nUM T.V. qy keI vfr ivKfieaf igaf
hY. Bfv, pMcm pfqsLfh dI jLbfnI drsfeI kljug nUM gurU drbfr ivc dfKLly dI
mnjLUrI, vwD qoN vwD zrfAuxy lhU zohlvyN huMdy jf rhy gurUdrbfrF ivcly PLsfdF dy
"gurUieiqhfs" df mfnoN nINh pwQr riKaf igaf hovy ? ktlqf ivc inpuMn ilKfrI
Aus kiQq guru gRMQ sfihb jI dI inrmUl rcnf dI inrmUl imwqI ilKxo ikvyN Bwl
skdf sI ? kro drsLn Ausy dI hI klm qoN:- "sMmq solf sY suKkfrI . ieksT qf
kY Aupir DfrI . BfdRo suid eykm suKdfeI . sRI gRMQ BXo pUr suhfeI ]685]"

aqy arQ gurmiq qoN aigafnI ivsLvfsLGfqI pMQ DRohI joigMdr isMG vydFqI jI dI
klm qoN ilKy tUk ivcly arQ:-"sMmq 1661 BfdroN sudI iewk nUM". Bfv, gurmiq
igafn dy KLfqmy df ‘ngfrf’ aqyy pfpF dy mUl ‘JUT’ dI prDfngI ? -1- Bfv,
tohVf vfdIey, bfdlvfdI vydFqI rUp-pjfrI toly dI gurUpMQ nfl ivsLvfsLGfq krky
aqy RSS nfl pUrI vPLfdfrI df prqwK sbUq .-2-‘ien puwqrn’ (KLflsf jI) dI KLfqr
Gr-Gft mfqf ipqf guuruUiswKI df anUpm isMgfr cfry spuqr sB kuJ vfr dyx vfly
prm iqafgI swjx sUrmy mhFblI dsm siqgurU nfnk-siqgur goibMd isMG jI ny –
" joiq Ehf jugiq sfie sih kfieaf Pyir pltIaY ]" rUp prclq mrXfdf anusfr
pihlF qoN iqafr krky afpxy aMg sMg rKy "gRMQ jI" nUM nfdyV ivKy imqI 8 kwqk
smq 1765 (7akqUbr sn 1708) vfly pfvn ieiqhfsk idhfVy afpxy QF
KLflsf pMQ df vflI-XfrvyN sdIvI ‘siqgurU nfnk sfihb’ jI Qfp idwqy rUp scy gurU
ieiqhfs qy motI lkIr ? -3- pMcm pfqsLfh jI nUM ilKfrI df pfqr bixaf Jwl
rhy KLfslf jI dI anoKI sLihsLIlqf-rUp axKhInqf qoN ilKfrI ny kyvl guriblfs
p:6 rUp kfgLjLF qy ilKI sLRI guuruU gRMQ sfihb dI isrjxf dI ‘kUV-gfQf’ qoN ‘BfdoN
sudI eykm sMmq 1661 AupRokq JUT idhfVy nUM pihlf pRkfsL idhfVf bxf idwqf .-4-
iswKI dy asl vYrI "pujfrI vydFqIaF" ny gurU gRMQ sfihb jI nUM ipwT prny DrqI qy
Zfh ilaf mMn ky guriblfs pfqsLfhI dI pihlI iBafnk ijwq df Zol KVkf idwqf ?

kbIrf jhf igafnu qh Drmu hY jhf ‘JUTu qh pfpu’ ]

jhf loBu qh kflu hY jhf iKmf qh afip ]155] {1383}

rfgu gAuVI guafryrI mhlf 5 ]…[[JUTu bfq sf scu kir jfqI ] siq hovnu min
lgY n rfqI ]2]
bfvY mfrgu tyZf clnf ] sIDf Coiz apUTf bunnf ]3]{185}

(g)-"ggf goibd gux rvhu sfis sfis jip nIq ] khf ibsfsf dyh kf iblm n
kirho mIq]" Auprokq pfpF dy mUl "JUT" AuprMq qpdy ihridaF nUM sIqlqf dy
vfqfvrx ivc lY vVn vfly ‘pUrn scu’ dy avqfr, siq hI siq dy ZMzorcI "afid
scu jugfid scu" nfl joV rhy, "jnmq siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI" dy ieiqhfs df
‘pUrn swc’ ies pRkfr hY ? Auprokq -(k)-pYry ivc iswD ho cwuikaf hY ik pMcm
pfqsLfh jI ny gurbfxI dI jo poQI sfihb iqafr kIqI sI Auh ijAuN dI iqAuN shI
slfmq nOvyN gurU nfnk sfihb gurU qygL bhfdr sfihb jI dy kol pwuj geI sI. AunHF
ny afpxI bfxI sRI afnMd pur ivKy afp hI Aus poQI ivc Xog QfeIN ilK leI sI.
iPr inscq smy qy dYvI brkqF vfly afpxy sujfn bytf jI dsm gurU nfnk gurU
goibMd isMG jI nUM gurU nfnk jI dI guirafeI sONpx smy ieh pfvn pOQI sfihb AunHF
dI sMBfl ivc dy idwqI sI.(iDafn rhy ik ‘gRMQ’ pd gurU gRMQ sfihb ivcoN imldf hI
nhI jd ik ‘poQI’ pd 10 vfr aqy poQIaF 3 vfr hY (asMK ‘grMQ’ muiK vyd pfT
iewko vfr, pr pUry ‘rfry’ vflf?)

gurmiq dy vYrIaF dIaF ilKqf qoN pRBfvq hoey iswK ilKfrI prcfrk afid eyhI
prcfr krdy af rhy hn ik sRI afnMdpur smy dy jIvl kfl ivc dsLmysL jI afpxf
vyhlf smf gurmiq ivroDI sLfhI izwT vfly kvI drbfr- rUp "rfjn kI lIlf" ivc
hfs rs mfixaF krdy sn. gurmiq qoN aigafnI ajyhy lyKk ies scfeI nUM pqf
nhIN ikAuN Auhly rKdy afey hn ik bfl Aumrf qoN sBfvk vYrfgI sMq sUrmy ipqf
gurdyv gurU qygL bhfdr jI dI 34 sfl pqI-BgqI AuprMq grBvqI hoey prm
pUjÎ mfqf gujrI jI dy grB vfs dy smy ivc vI-" afKf jIvf ivsrY mir jfAu ]"-
"sBy glf ivsrnu ieko ivsir n jfAu ]"-"sfis igrfis n ivsrY sPlu mUriq guru
afip ]"-" idnu rYix ijsu n ivsrY so hiraf hovY jMqu ]"-"qUM ivsrih qid hI mir
jfAu ]"-gurU AupdysL dy sMskfrF nfl apxy vjUd nUM isLMgfr ky jnmy gurU goibMd
isMG qoN dsm siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI bny gurdyv jI afpxy sMKyp ijhy (23 poh
sMmq 1723- (22 dsMbr 1666) qoN 8 kqk 1765 qk (7 akqUbr 1708
qwk)-guirafeI smf-32 sfl 10 mhIny 26 idn aqy kul afXo-41 sfl 9 mhIny
15 idn) jIvn ivc mnuwK nUM sMq sUrmf bnfAuNx ihq ijhVy gurdyv jI AuWcI jugiq
jIvn jugiq dy anUpm pUrny inrMqr pf rhy sn Auh ajyhI ‘hfs rs’ vflI gurmiq
ivroDI rfs lIlHf rcf bihx dI mn ivc ivcfr vI nhIN sn afAux dyNdy. ijhVy
afpxy iswKF nUM hr suafs nfl dfqfr nUM Xfd ivc itkfeI rwKidaf sdf Aus dy
inrml BY ivc ivcrdy rihxf df aQvf ieAuN df gurU-AupdysL idRV krfeI rwKdy
sn-" AUTq bYTq sovq iDafeIaY ] mfrig clq hry hir gfeIaY ]1] sRvn sunIjY
aMimRq kQf ] jfsu sunI min hoie anµdf dUK rog mn sgly lQf ]1] rhfAu ]
kfrij kfim bft Gft jpIjY ] gur pRsfid hir aMimRqu pIjY ]2] idnsu rYin hir
kIrqnu gfeIaY ] so jnu jm kI vft n pfeIaY ]3] afT phr ijsu ivsrih nfhI
giq hovY nfnk iqsu lig pfeI ]4]10]61] {386} pRBU dI Xfd rUpI pRym rMg ivc
rMgy rihMdy Aus pUrn sMq aduqI joDy ny Pokt kMn-rs ivwc kdy iek pl vI nhIN
gvfieaf hoxf. prqwK scfeI eyhI hY ik sRI afnMdpury ivcridaF guirafeI sNOpI
jfx smy hI pfvn poQI sfihb imlidaF sfr AunHF ny Aus nUM lwg mfqrF qwk pUrI
iekfgrqf nfl pVHdy ivcfrdy rh ky, aqy juVI isK sMgq ivc gurbxI ivcfr bVI
ivsLysLqf nfl kIqI rwK ky, gurisKF dy ihridaF nUM dYvI igafn dy cfnxy nfl
rusLnfeI rwKx df pwkf nym bxfeI riKaf sI. jMgF juDF smy vI hr ZukvyN simaF
ivc-"pihlf mrxu kbUil jIvx kI Ciz afs ] hohu sBnf kI ryxukf qAu afAu
hmfrY pfis ]" sMq-Twg, swjx-vYrI, amIr-gLrIb, bRhmx-sLUdr, qIvIN-mrd,
Bfv ibnf iksy vI ivqkry dy hr iewk pRfxI dI crn DUV rUp inmrqf, aqy, " ggn
dmfmf bfijE pirE nIsfnY GfAu ] Kyqu ju mFizE sUrmf ab jUJn ko dfAu ]1]
sUrf so pihcfnIaY ju lrY dIn ky hyq ] purjf purjf kit mrY kbhU n CfzY Kyqu ]"-
inqfxy byafsrf mjLlUm gLrIbF loVvMdf dI shfieqf leI sdf qqpr, sBnF nUM
brfbrqf df hwk idvfAux leI jUJidaF jLrf vI kfx nf mMnxI, "ibsir geI sB
qfiq prfeI ] jb qy sfDsMgiq moih pfeI ]1] rhfAu ] nf ko bYrI nhI ibgfnf
sgl sMig hm kAu bin afeI ]1]"-vYr ivroD, eIrKf dvYq, ibnf iksy iBMn Byq,
srbwq nfl mF jfieaF vflf ipafr siqkfr, bdlf lAU rucIaF qoN axjfx, aQvf-
" afip Aupfey nfnkf afpy rKY vyk ] mMdf iks no afKIaY jF sBnf sfihbu eyku ]"
vYrIaF smyq hryk ivc Ausy iewk akfl dy drsLnF dI TMz mfxdy rihx vflf hr
iek nfl sfvF jIvn ivhfr, aQvf-" Dnu Dnu hir Bgqu siqgurU hmfrf ijs kI
syvf qy hm hir nfim ilv lfeI ] Dnu Dnu hir igafnI siqgurU hmfrf ijin vYrI
imqRü hm kAu sB sm idRsit idKfeI ] Dnu Dnu siqgurU imqRü hmfrf ijin hir nfm
isAu hmfrI pRIiq bxfeI ]" Aus siqgurU gRMQ sfihb rUp siqgurU nfnk jI dy sdf
hI sLukrgujLfr rihxf ijs ny vYrIaF imqrF nUM iek sfr vyKx vflI ipafr snyh
rUp imTfsF vMzdI njLr dI bKLsLsL kIqI hY. aQvf hr ZwukvyN plF ivc, AujfVF
jMglF ivc AunHF DMÕfxy hI bx afey, kyvl cugLlF dy hI khy-(hir kI vizafeI vzI
hY jf n suxeI kihaf cugl kf)-ibnf kfrn bx afey vYrIaF nfl jUJidaF (jLrf
vI smf imlidaF), gurU sLbdF dy gfien dIaF guMjfrF pYNdIaF rihMdIaF hox qoN hI
BfeI bicwqr isMG jI vrgy isrlwQ bhfdr sUrmy aqy BfeI ‘GnwXf" jI vrgy
smdrsI sMq-syvk bxdy rhy. pr gurmiq dy vYrI ny 1699 dI ivsfKI dy iewko
idhVy ivc hI ‘KLflsf pMQ’ isrj lYxf vflf gurmiq aqy rwbI hukm ivroDI bRfhmxI
zrfmy bfjLI sfzy leI dsmysL jI df anoKf cmqkfr bxf idwqf ? hr QF "hukim
rjfeI clxf nfnk iliKaf nfil ]" rUp anmol gurU AupdysL dI KMznf aqy gurmiq
ivroDI bRfhmxvfd df hI bol bflf?

jd ik ieqihfs scfeI ies pRkfr:- "12 mGr sMmq 1732 (11 nvMbr sn
1675) nUM gurqf dy mflk bxy dsLmysL jI ny 1699 qwk, pMdrvIN sdI qoN bx rhy
nfnk pMQIaF dI, XQf-{‘mfiraf iswkf jgq ivc nfnk inrml pMQ clfXf]"(1-
45-4) BfeI gurdfs jI dy bcnF vflf ijhVf inrml pMQ, jnmq siqgurU nfnk
sfihb jI ny clf ilaf hoieaf sI, Ausy inrml pMQIey ) dI prK krI rwKidaF nvIN
qoN nvIN GfVq huMdI afeI sI. Ausy inrml pMQIey dIaF krVIaF prKF AuprMq inpuMn
rihbr prm sujfn dsLmysL jI ny pUrn qswlI kr leI sI ik jnmq siqguurU nfnk
sfihb jI dy sMklp vflf sMq-(sMq goibMd kY eykY kfm ]) aqy sUrmf (sUrf so
pihcfnIaY ju lrY dIn ky hyq ]) bx cwukf hY. Ausy nUM hI "KLflsf jI" kih ky
invfijaf qy siqkfiraf . sMq sUrimaF dy ies KLflsf pMQ nUM agy qoN ajyhy siqgurU
jI dy lV lfAuxf hovygf jo pMjF ivkrF qoN inrlyp rihMidaF, sfzy dsF dI krVI
Gflxf nfl pRgt hoey ies lfsfnI "inrml pMQ" nUM, ies anUpm "KLlsf pMQ" nuM
sdf ijAuN df iqAuN hI bxfeI rwKy . ZMz sLurU ho geI - "vfhu vfhu bfxI scu hY sic
imlfvf hoie ]" "afid ‘scu’ rUp akfl purK nfl imlfp krf rhI ieh gurbxI
afp vI ‘rwb’ hI hY-XQf-"vfhu vfhu bfxI inrMkfr hY iqsu jyvzu avru n koie ]"
aqy "bfxI gurU gurU hY bfxI ivic bfxI aMimRqu sfry ] guru bfxI khY syvku jnu mfnY
prqiK gurU insqfry]"{982} eysy qrHF prm pivwqr gurbfxI dI vwD qoN vDyry
mihmf vfly hor byaMq gurU sLbd pVH prK ley . XkIn ho igaf ik dYvI guxf BrpUr
ies gur bfxI ivwc anmol gurmiq igafn vMzdy rihx dI aqy sMq sUrimaF dy ies
KLflsf pMQ nUM sdf ijAuN df iqAuN bxfeI rwKx dI aQvf gurmiq nUM sfry jgq ivc
hrimn ipafrI bxfAux dI pUrI smrQf . hr pwKo qswlI kr lYx qoN sMqusLt ho
cuwikaF dsLmysL jI ny hor gurbfxI rcn dI loV mukf idwqI. ‘awgy qoN guru nfnk
sfihb jI dI guirafeI df mflk kOx bxy? ieh mslf vI dsLmysL jI dI pfvn
suriq, miq, buD ny hl kr ilaf .
gurmiq dy kwtV vYrI bRfhmxI cugLlF dy asr hyT afAuNdI rih ky bygunfh guriswKF
qy bypnfh jLulm krdI rhI mugLlsLfhI Brosy Xog nf sI rhI hoeI. pqf nhIN ikhVy
vyly kI Bfxf vrqf dyvy ? so iqafr ho cuwkI ‘poQI’ sfihb nUM dsLmysL jI ny afpxI
inpuMn inwjI sMBfl ivc lY ilaf hoieaf sI. anMd pur smy dy GlU Gfry qoN ieh poQI
sfihb AuvyN hI shI slfmq inkl cuwkI sI ijvyN mfqf sMdrI jI dsmysL jI nUM
qlMvzI sfbo af imly sn. dUridRsLt prmsujfn gurdyv jI bdl rhy smy dy hflfq
qoN hr pKoN hr pl sucyq rihMdy sn. dsm guurU nfnk sRI gurU goibMd isMG jI leI
ijMd jfn qo ipafrI bx cuwkI poQI sfihb sdf AunHF dy aMgsMg rihxI pwkf nIam
bx igaf sI. gurmiq dy vYrIaF dI gurmiq ivroDI ivroDI bkVvfh- "myry mohn
sRvnI ieh n sunfey" vwl kMn hI nf dyxf aQvf gurmiq ivroDI Brm ivc kdy nf
pYx dy gurU AupdysL nUM kdy nf ivsfrnf, guriswKI df prmuK asUl bx igaf .
gurmiq ivroDI Brm ivc pY jfx df arQ afpxy dsm siqgurU nfnk-gurUgoibMd
isMG jI dIaF dYvI brkqF nUM sLwkI bxfAux rUp aikRqGxqf, aQvf KulHI bymuKqfeI
hY. ies ‘bymuK’ bfry gurU PLurmfn-"sMjm shs isafxpf ipafry iek n clI nfil ]
jo ‘bymuK’ (gurU) goibMd qy, ipafry iqn kuil lfgY gfil ]"arQ:-One may
have thousands of clever tricks and techniques of
austere self-discipline, O Beloved, but not even one
of them will go with him. Those who turn their backs
on the Lord , O Beloved, their families are stained
with disgrace[ aqy ieh gurU PLurmfn vI Xfd ivc rwKxf hY-"nfnk iqn kI
bfxI sdf scu hY ij nfim rhy ilv lfie ]"arQ:- O Nanak, the words
of those who are lovingly attuned to the Naam are
true forever. dfsry leI ies lyK ivclIaF gurmiq ivcfrF df somf gurU gRMQ
sfihb jI rUp jnmq siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI qoN inrMqr pRfpq ho rhI ‘sroq’ hI
hox dy kfrn ieh sfrf lyK gurmiq dI akwt scfeI hY . ibnf gurU bfxI dy hvfly dy
aQvf ibnf iksy akwt sbUq dy ienHF ivcfrF bfry ikMqU pRMqU krnf jF sLMkf mn ivc
afAux dyxf gurmiq vl ipwT kr lYx quwl hY, aQvf RSS dy bYKLrId vydFqIaF
vflf dusLkrm hY.

so Auprokq lMmIaF gurmiq ivcfrF qoN iswD hY ik Ausy pfvn poQI sfihb nUM Ausy
muwZly prclq-" joiq Ehf jugiq sfie sih kfieaf Pyir pltIaY ]"gurmiq-
nIam anusfr "gRMQ sfihb" nUM imqI -7 akqUbr sn 1708 dy ieiqhfsk idhfVy
"guurU gRMQ-rUp-siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI" Qfp idwqf sI. mhfn kosL dy sPLf 437
kflm qIjy dy pihly pYry ivwc ies ieiqhfsk scfeI dI pusLtI ies pRkfr kIqI
hoeI hY-"gRMQ sfihb nfl ‘gurU’ sLbd sMmq 1765 qoN lfAuxf afrMB hoieaf, ijs
vyly aibclngr ivKy gurU goibMd isMG ny gurqf iswKDrm dy ‘afDfr rUp’ ‘gRMQ’ nUM
idwqI". "hy ipafry KLflsf jIE! eysy idhfVy nUM myry QF jnmq siqgurU nfnk sfihb
jI dI guirafeI dy sdIvI mflk bxy gurU gRMQ sfhb jI df prkfsL idhfVf mMnidaF
rih ky Aus dI mihmf ivsLfl AuqsvF duafrf sdf vDfeI rKxI"- qF jo gurmiq dy
vYrIaF nUM ieh XkIn bixaf rhy ik ijs jnmq siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI nUM aQvf
AunHF dy gurmiq igafn nUM, Auh sdf leI KLqm kr dyxf cfhuMdf sI AuhI gurmiq
"igafn-joiq-rUp siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI" sgoN KLflsf pMQ dy sdIvI rihbr bxy
ijAuN dy iqAuN isKF dI agvfeI kr rhy hn"- ieh dsm siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI
dI qIbr iewiCaf rUp vsIhq hY". pr dUridRsLt aMqRXfmI swcy swjx siqgurU jI dI
ies hfridk swDr dy sB kuJ Ault ikAuN qy ikvyN hoieaf ? ies bfry sujfn pfTk
sjwx Auprokq ‘–a’- qoN ‘–K’-pYry qwk ilKIaF gurmiq ivcfrF pVH hty hn. asr
kI huMdf hY ? pujfrI vydFqIaF dy isvf hor kOx jfxy ? ikAuNik lwg Bwg sfry iswK
jgq leI awj gurmiq AuhI hY ijs nUM "vydFqIey" qy "sMprdfeIey zyry dfr" TIk
mMnx ?

(G)- GGf Gflhu mnih eyh ibnu hir dUsr nfih ] nh hoaf nh hovnf jq kq
EhI smfih] dsm siqgurU nfnk gurUgoibMd isMG jI dI anUpm dyx:-purfxf
ivclIaF kQf khfxIaf vyd purfx afid sfry ‘bRhmxI gRMQF’ nUM dYvI sLkqIaF dI
dyx hI mMndy hn. eIsfeI mq aQvf muslmfn vI afpxy Drm gRQF nUM KLudfeI klfm
hI mMndy hn. pr sMsfr dy iksy vI Drm ny afpxy ‘Drm gRMQ’ nUM gurU nhIN Qfipaf.
iswK pMQ ny vI afpxy DrmgRMQ nUM afpxf gurU afp nhI sI bxfieaf (iDafn rhy ik
gwl gRMQ dI hY bfxI qF hY jnmq gurU). iksy vI gRMQ jF poQI nUM siqgurU nfnk
sfihb jI dI guirafeI sONpxI kyvl aqy kyvl dsLmysL jI dy ihwsy df hI gurieqhfs
hY. pihly nON guurU sfihbfn kol gRMQ nUM gurU Qfp dyx df aiDkfr qwd hI ho skdf sI
jy Auh afpxy QF iksy mnuwK nUM guirafeI nf sONpdy . hYrfnI hY ik bVy AuwckotI dy
sfzy ivdvfnfF ny vI gurU aqy girafeI ivclf aMqr nhIN smiJaf. lMmy coilaF dy
sfD-ByK Auhly luikaf luwc ivkfrI lfxf qF sgoN dUxI CfqI Pulf ky gurU bfxI dI
ies pfvl pMgqI-"bfxI gurU gurU hY bfxI ivic bfxI aMimRqu sfry ] guru bfxI khY
syvku jnu mfnY prqiK gurU insqfry]"{982} dy hvfly nfl kih irhf huMdf hY ik
jd bfxI hY hI guurU qF gurU gRMQ sfihb jI df pihlf prkfsL idhVf jo mrjLI bxf
ilaf ? ajyhy Bwdr pursL jfx buJ ky guruU aqy guirafeI ivcly gMBIr PLrk nUM isKF
qoN lukfeI rK ky ‘bfdlI vydFqIaF’ vFg hI RSS nfl vPLfdfrI inBf rhy hn.
pfTk gurmuKF dI jfxkfrI leI-‘mhfn kosL dy 419 sPLy anusfr arQ-"gur=…[
3[sMgXf- gurU, ieh sLbd gRI Dfq qo bixaf hY[ ies dy arQ hn inglnf aqy
smJfAuxf, jo aigafn nUM Kf jFdf hY aqy iswK nUM qwqgXfn smJfAuNdf hY, Auh gurU
hY, gurbfxI ivc gur, guru aqy gurU iek hI arQ ivc afey hn[ XQf-" gur apny
bilhfrI"[(sor[m: 5),"suKsfgru guru pfieaf"[(sor m: 5)"apnf guuruU
iDafie["(sor m:5)[ [[11- dyKo guru kul 11 arQ hn" . pr mhfn kos dy Ausy
419 sPLy anusfr hI-guirafeI-sMgXf- gurqf, "gurUpdvI"[ hY- so sfzI crcf
guirafeI pdvI bfry hY "gurU" koeI pdvI nhI hY, sgoN gurU iek anUpm ‘gux’ hY
jd ik ‘guirafeI’ pdvI hY. ies scfeI nUM iksy vI akwt dIl nfl JuTlfieaf nhIN
jf skdf ik "pfvn gurbfxI vI siqgurU nfnk jI vFg hI jnm qoN hI ‘gurU’ hY ]
pr siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI dI ‘guirafeI’ dI mflk kyl AuhI "XrfvF sdIvI gurU
gRMÙQ sfihb-guurUnfnk sfihb jI" hY jo ijs gRMQ-srUp ivc "ÃÄ qoN hiraf" pd
qwk df sfrf bRhm igafn aMikq hY. Bfv ijs nUM dsLmysL jI ny godfvrI ndI iknfry
‘nfdyV ivKy sn 1708 ivc afpxy QF gurU gRMQ sfihb rUp jnmq guurUnfnk sfihb
jI Qfipaf sI. so smq 1661 vflf kiQq guurU gRMQ bRfmxI kutlqf hY jF sLrfrq qoN
vD hor kuJ nhIN hY. kUk pukfrF df pihlf bVf jLrrI kfrn sMpUrn hoieaf . pr
ajy pfTkF dI igafq gocry hor bVy kfrn hn ies nUM pihlI iksLq smJxf jI.
ilKx jog bcI ieko KwbI awK nfl ilK rhy dfsry df inmfxf ijhf Xqn kbUl hovy
. jLrUrI sUcnf rUp bynqIaF:-

:(1)- guriblfs pf: 6 pusqk dy ilKfrI dy pihlIaF do gurmiq ivroDI ivaMg-

coBF ijnHF nUM kyvl cwup kIiqaF brdfsLq hI nhIN kr ilaf sgoN AunHF nUM gurU
ieiqhfs mMn ky AunHF pRqI sLrDf bxf lYTx qoN gurmiq ivroDI ilKfrI nUM qswlI ho
cuwkI sI ik kdy vzf axKI joDf mMinaf igaf kiQq (gurmiq dy anusfr jIvn bxf
rhy gurmuKF dI gwl nhIN)-KLflsf-pMQ asl ivc mhFmUrK, jFglI aqy axKhIn
BweIaf bx cuwkf hY. gurmiq ivroDI Auh koJIaF coBF ies pRkfr hn:-

(1)- ieiqhfsk swc nUM prfxf df sLrmnfk JUT bxf rhy guriblfs ny sfzy sIny
ivc pihlI duKdfeI "sFg" ieh mfrI ik GroN 10/11 mIl dUr bIV ivc rihMdy
‘bfbf buZf jI koloN puwqr prfpqI df vr lYx nMgy pYrIN gey mfqf gMgf jI jd vDy
hoey Audr nfl Gr prqy qF AunHF nUM grBvqI ho muVy jfx ky pqI pMcm pfqsLfh jI
KLusLI nfl kipiVaF qoN bfhr hoey mfieaf dI bfrsL krdy, Zol ZmwikaF nfl
vDfeIaF kbUl krdy drsf ky[ gurdyv jI dy ibMdI spwuqr sfihbjLfdf hirgoibMd jI
nUM bRfhmxI klpxf dI Aupj "cqurBujI Bgvfn" jnmdy drsf idwqf. KLflsf jI ny
koeI ros qf kI krnf sI sgoN Aus nUM gurU ieqhfs mMn ky sLrDf bxf leI.

{2} dUjI sB qoN vwD duKdfeI sFg:-guriblfs dy ilKfrI df dUjf bVf vzf pMQ
Gfqk sLrmnfk kfrf iehI hY jo qusF Auprokq siPLaF qoN pVH hty ho. Bfv, nfdyV
ivKy sn 1708 dy ieiqhsk idn qy ‘poQI sfihb’ nUM afpxy QF gurU nfnk sfihb jI
dI joiq jugiq dy sdIvI mflk "siqguurU gRMQ sfihb-rUp XfrvyN siqgurU nfnk
sfihb bxf dyx vfly dsLmysL jI dy anUpm ieiqhfsk scu nuM kyvl aqy kyvl
guriblfs pfqsLfhI 6 ivc ilKI JUTI qy inrmUl gfQF dy aDfr qy hI, vydFqI-rUp
pujfrIaF ny sn 1708 dy QF sn 1604 nUM pihlf prkfsL idhfVf bxf idwqf.
gurmiq dy vYrI df aMqRIv mMqv ? aslI ieiqhfsk pRkfsL idhfVy nUM sLwkI bx ky
XfdF ivcoN hOlI hOlI mwDm ho jfx df sbb bxf idwqf. jy rfey puCI jfvy qF ies dy
hwk ivc ividafhIn KLlsf jI qF sLfied sfrf hI dovy bfhF hI KVIaF kr dyvy ?
ikAuNik aiDAuN vwD iswK ivdvfn qF sLurU qoN 1604 nUM hI pihlf pRkfsL idhVf kih
rhy hn. iblkul Buwl jfxf bhuqI dUr nhIN ? BulidaF sfr hI gurmiq dy vYrI ny
gurU gRMQ sfihb qoN sihl hI ipwCf Cuzf lYxf hY ? jy gurmiq dy vYrI RSS ny
hirmMdr sfihb ivwc ikRsLn mUrqI ilaf sQfpq kIqI, qF iswKF dIaF aKIaF ivwc
bwuk Gwtf pfAuNidaF vydFqIaF ny Bfv pujfrIaF ny Jwt ieh mslf suprIm kort ivc
lY jxf hY. pr AuQy ivroDIaF dy vkIl (dI iqafrI vydFqIaF ny afp hI krfeI hoxI
hY) dIaF dlIlf sux ky jwj jI ny vydFqIaF dy kiQq pMQk vlIk nUM kihxf hY-"afj
qum kihqy ho ies gRMQ ko 1708 myN XfrvF guuruU nfnk bxfieaf Qf, mgr qum qo
sn 1718 my ilKy guriblfs ky ilKy muqfbk pihlf pRkfs idhfVf sn 1604 bVI
DUMm Dfm sy ikAuN mnf rhy ? Aus vkq qo aBI pMjvy guu ruU arjn sfihb kf hI
pihrf Qf ? bs, smJo Ausy idn hI vydFqIaF ny aCoply hI afpxI sLkfieq vfps
lY leI qy aKLbrF ivc ibafn dfgL idwqf "ihMdU srkfr ivc pihlF vI sfnUM kdy
inaF nhI sI imilaf awj ikQoN imlxf sI ? bws QuhVy jhy Auswl vwty BMny qy gl
afeI geI ? mhfn kosL ivc ‘hir’ df pMjvF arQ "ikRsLn" aqy ‘hirmMdr’ df
sqvF arQ-"Tfkrduafrf" hI hY . RSS dy vydFqI jI dI hr pwKo jY jY kfr ?
(2)-QohVf icr pihlF tYlIPLUn dI GMtI KVkdI nUM cuikaf qF agoN bolx vfly swjx
jI ny afpxI jfxkfrI krfAuNidaf afpxf nfm surjIq isMG jMmU ksLmIr dI plIs
mihkmy ivc aPLsr dwisaf. dfs dy hQoN siqgurF ny ilKvfeI ‘grU bfxI dI ksvwtI
qy guriblfs pfqsLfhI 6’ aqy ‘mfsu mfsu kir mUrK JgVy’ pusqkF df Aucycy qOr qy
ijLkr kridaF dfsry dI loVoN vD sLlfGf dy nfl-"qusF roVyH pY cuwkI iswKI nUM shfrf
idwqf hY afid hor asIsF dy rhy srdfr jI pqf nhIN ajy hor ikho jhIaF swDrF
kih suxfAuNdy-pr dfs ny bVy siqkfr nfl tokidaF ieAuH bynqI kIqI ik asIsF
BrI ajyhI slfGf df hwkdfr dfs nhIN hY sgoN-Aucycy mfx siqkfr dy aslI
hwkdfr BfeI joigMdr isMG jI spoksmYn cMzIgVH hn, ijnHF ny bfkI sfry pwqrkfrF
qoN inafrI dlyrI nfl dfsry dIaF ilKqF nUM quhfzy ijhy gurmuKF qwk pucfieaf aqy
inrMqr pucf rhy hn. nhIN qF ieh ilKqF sLfied hI hY jy kdy myrI mOq dy mgroN vI
ajyhf kuJ kr skdIaF jo myry jIvn kfl ivc hI BfeI sfihb joigMdr isMG jI ny
ies inmfxy dfsry nUM awKIN ivKf idwqf hY. so BfeI surjIq isMG jIE! isKI dI aslI
syvf smJ ky ajyhf Auprflf kro ik spoksmYn hr gurisK dy Gr ivc piVHaf jfx
lwg pvy jI".

ilKq ivc hoeIaF AukfeIaF dI suDfeI kr lYx vfly gurmuK ipafiraF df DnvfdI,
aqy gurmiq anusfr jIvn bqIq kr rihaF gurmuKF dI crnDUV dfsrf:-

gurbKLsL isMG imqI 7-9-2006