Concept of habitat and ecological niche.

The habitat of an organism is the place where it lives, or the place where one would go to find. The ecological niche, however, include not only thephysical space occupied by an organism but also its functional role in the community ( for example, its trophic position ) and its position in environmental gradient of temprature, moistuture. pH,soil, and other condition of existence.

 These three aspect of the ecological niche can be convinently designated as the Spasial or habitat niche, the trophic niche, and the multidimentional or hypervolume niche. Consequently, the ecological niche of an organism not only depend on where it livesbut also include the sum total of its environmental requirements Habitat of an organism or group of organim ( population ) include other organism and the abiotitic environment. GUILD. In recent ecological literature, the term GUILD is often used for groups or clusters of species, that have similar or comparable role in the community.

 Ecological equivalent.
Spesies that occupy the same or similar niche in the different geografical region tend to be closely related taxonomicaly in contiguous region, but are often not related in the non contiguous region

 The Ecological niche is a central concept in the ecology of organism. There are many definition of the niche. George Evelyn Hutchinson made conceptual advancesand intruduced the most widely accepted definition : The niche is the set of biotic and abiotic condition in which a species is able to persist an maintain stablepopulation sizes. The ecological niche is devided into the fundamental and the realized niche. The fundamental niche is the set of environmental

 Condition under which a spesies is able to persist. The realized niche is the set of environmental plus ecological conditionunder which a spesies is able to persist