Today's lecture

System Implementation Discrete Time signals generation Sampling Theorem Sampling Rate Sinusoidal Signal Sampling Concept of Aliasing Spectrum for Discrete Time Domain Digital Frequency
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Systems Process Signals

System Implementation

Discrete-time Signals
There are two ways to obtain discrete time signal.
a) Can be computed using a formula such as

x[n]= n2 - 5n +3

b) Sample the continous time signal. x(t) = A cos (ot + )

Signal represented as an indexed sequence of numbers which are samples of x(t) at Ts interval

x[n] = x(nTs)

Sampling x(t)

Sampling Theorem
Continuous-time signal x(t) with frequencies no higher than fmax can be reconstructed from its samples x(k Ts) if samples taken at rate fs > 2 fmax
Nyquist rate = 2 fmax Nyquist frequency = fs / 2 Sampling theorem also suggests that there should be two samples per cycle.

Example: Sampling audio signals

Normal human hearing is from about 20 Hz to 20 kHz
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Sampling Rate

Sampling Sinusoidal Signals

Digital Frequency

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The Concept of Aliasing

Two different cosine signals can be drawn through the same samples x1[n] = cos(0.4n) x2[n] = cos(2.4n) x2[n] = cos(2n + 0.4n) x2[n] = cos(0.4n) x2[n] = x1[n]
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Example

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