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apaom Mycobacterium tuberculosis ydk;ukd 1882 ckESpf rwfv
24 &ufaeYwGif pwifawGU&SdcJh&m 4if;ukd *kPfjyKonfhtaejzifh wDbD
a&m*g wkdufzsufa&;aeYukd 1996 ckESpfrSpí rwfv 24 &ufaeY
usa&mufwkdif; jrefrmEkdifiH tygt0if urÇmhukvor*¾tzGJU0ifEkdifiHrsm;
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a&; pDrHudef;tpDtpOf National Tuberculosis Programme (N.T.P)?
aq;okawoeOD;pD;Xme? urÇmhusef;rma&;tzGJU (WHO)? jrefrmEkdifiH
q&m0eftoif; (MMA)? EkdifiHwumvlOD;a&0efaqmifrItzGJU (PSI)?
*syeftjynfjynfqkdif&m yl;aygif;aqmif&GufrI at*sifpD (JICA) wkdY
yl;aygif;Ny;D Manual on Public Private Mix DOTS Ekid if yH idk Ef iS yhf *k v ¾ u d
tcef;u@rsm; wDbDa&m*gwkdufzsufa&;ESifhwkduf½kdufMunfh½I tcsdefwkd
ukoenf; vufqGJpmtkyfukd 2008 ckESpfwGif xkwfa0cJhonf/ EkdifiH
awmftpk;d & use;f rma&;0efBu;D Xmeu OD;aqmifxw k af 0cJah om xkpd mtkyf
wGif azmfjyxm;onhf ude;f *Pef;rsm;t& (1) urÇmay:wGif wDbaD &m*g
trsm;qkH; jzpfyGm;aom 22 EkdifiHxJwGif jrefrmEkdifiHonf trSwfpOf
20 ü wnf&SdaMumif;? (2) jrefrmEkdifiH\ vlOD;a& 100000 vQif 171
OD; wDbDa&m*gcHpm;ae&aMumif;? (3) ESpfpOf ovdyfykd;awGU vlemopf
vlOD;a& 100000 vQif 76 OD; &SdaMumif;? (4) ESpfpOf vlOD;a& 100000
vQif vlemopf 212 OD; &SmazGawGU&Sdae&aMumif;? (5) ESpfpOf vlOD;a&
100000 vQif wDbDa&m*gaMumifh aoqkH;ol 15 OD;&SdaMumif;? (6)
ESpfpOf a&m*gul;pufcHEkdifacs Annual Risk of Infection (ARI)
1 'or 5 &mckdifEIef;&SdaMumif;ESifh (8) wDbDa&m*gcHpm;olrsm;wGif
HIV ul;pufc& H rI 10 &mckid Ef eI ;f &Sad Mumif; ponfjzifh aMumufcref;vdvd
azmfjyxm;onfukd awGU&Sd&onf/ &efukefwGif 1995 ckESpfwGif aq;
,Ofyg; wDbDvlem 1 'or 3&mcdkifEIef;&SdcJh&mrS 2003ckESpfwGif 4'or
5 &mckdifEIef;txd wkd;yGm;vmaMumif;? 2008 ckESpf jrefrmEkdifiH usef;rm
a&;qkdif&m okawoenDvmcH (atmufjrefrmjynf)wGif okawoD
ynm&Siw f pfpu k zwfMum;wifoiG ;f onfh pmwrf;wpfct k & od&rdS w
S o f m;
cJh&onf/ xkdYtjyif urÇmhvlOD;a&\ oHk;ykHwpfykHonf wDbDa&m*gykd;
ul;pufcHxm;&olrsm;jzpfaMumif;? urÇmhusef;rma&;tzGJU\ aMunmcsuf
wGif yg&Sdonf/ xkdpdefac:rIrsm;tm; jrefrmEkdifiHrS MuHhMuhHckdif&yfwnf
&ifqkdifajz&Sif;ay;vsuf&Sdonf/
Ekid if aH wmftpk;d &onf jynforl sm;ESifh vufwNJG y;D use;f rma&; tqifh
twef; jrifrh m;a&;twGuf tm;oGecf eG pf u dk f aqmif&u
G af eonf/ use;f rm
a&;0efBuD;Xmeonf trsKd;om;usef;rma&;aumfrwD\ OD;aqmifrIjzifh
wDbDa&m*gwkdufzsufa&;tygt0if wpfrsKd;om;vkH; usef;rmMuHhckdifa&;?
EkdifiHom;wkdif; oufwrf;aph touf&SnfpGmaeEkdifa&;ESifh a&m*gb,
uif;&Sif;a&;twGuf bufpkHaxmifhpkHrS azmfaqmifvsuf&Sd&m vlOD;a&
trsm;qkH;aexkdif&m aus;vufa'o bufpkHzGHUNzKd; wkd;wufa&; pDrHudef;
2001-2006 ukd taumiftxnfazmfcJhouJhokdY ,aeYumvwGif
usef;rma&;0efBuD;Xmeu ]]jrefrmhusef;rma&;qkdif&m arQmfrSef;csuf}} ESpf
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a&m*gwkdufzsufa&; tpDtpOf pDrHcsuf National Tuberculosis
Programme (N.T.P)ukd OD;wnfcsufrsm; csrSwfum taumiftxnf
azmfvsuf&Sdonf/ ,if;OD;wnfcsufrsm;rSm-
(1) wDbDa&m*g ul;pufjcif;? emrusef;jzpfapjcif;? aoqkH;jcif;wkdYukd
enf;yg;apNyD; wDbDa&m*gukd jynfolUusef;rma&;jyóem wpf&yf
tjzpfrS z,f&Sm;ypfa&;
EkdifiHawmftpkd;&onf jynfolrsm;ESifU vufwGJNyD; usef;rma&; tqifU
twef; jrifUrm;a&;twGuf tm;oGefcGefpkduf aqmif&Gufae...
usef;rma&; 0efBuD;Xmeonf trsKd;om;usef;rma&;aumfrwD\
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MuHUckdifa&;? EkdifiHom;wkdif; oufwrf;apU touf&SnfpGmaeEkdifa&;ESifU
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tm; aysmufuif;atmif ukoay;a&;
a'gufwmatmifpkd; (c)atmifausmfrdk;
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vlem &mckdifEIef; 70 &SmazGazmfxkwfa&;ESifh
(tNird ;f pm;jynfe,faq;½kt
H yk Bf u;D )
(5) wkduf½kdufMunfh½I tcsdefwkdukorI DOTS pepf &SifoefwnfwHh
ESD;ET,fe,fy,frsm;rS tultnD&&SdrIESifh twk,lrI»twGuf aqmif
ckdifrma&; ponfh vufawGUusaom OD;wnfcsufrsm;yif jzpfonf/ &Gufa&;?
trsKd;om;wDbDa&m*gwkdufzsufa&;pDrHcsuf(N.T.P)ESifh tjcm;EkdifiH (4) vkyfief;qkdif&m okawoersm; jyKvkyfa&;ESifh
ykid f use;f rma&;tzGUJ tpnf;rsm;? aq;okawoe OD;pD;Xmersm;? ukvor*¾ (5) wDbaD &m*gwku d zf suaf &;wGif wDbv D el mrsm;ud,
k wf idk f twlae
vufatmufcH tzGJUtpnf;rsm;? yk*¾vdu aq;½kH aq;cef;rsm;? NGO? rdom;pkrsm;ESihf jynfov l x l wk pf&yfv;Hk vufwyJG g0ifaqmif&u G af &;
INGOrsm;? taxGaxGa&m*gukq&m0efrsm;ESihf qufE, T u
f m rD',
D mrsm;rS wkdY jzpfonf/
wpfqifh aqmif&Guf&mwGif- rnfonfha&m*grqkd BudKwifumuG,fa&;onf ukoa&;xuf
(1) trsm;jynfol wDbDa&m*gtaMumif; od&Sdem;vnfatmif usef;rm ydkrkdomvGefaeay&m? trsKd;om; wDbDa&m*g wkdufzsufa&;pDrHudef;u
a&;ynmjzefYjzL;rI t&Sdeft[kef jr§ifhwifjcif;? usef;rma&;0efxrf;rsm;? taxGaxGa&m*guk q&m0efrsm;? NGO rsm;?
(2) wpfESpfatmuf uav;tm;vkH; bDpD*sDumuG,faq;xkd;EHSjcif;?
INGO rsm;? rD'D,mrsm;rSwpfqifh wDbDa&m*gtaMumif; odrSwfzG,f&m
(3) aq;½kaH q;cef;vmol wDbo D o H ,vlemtm;vk;H tm; ovdypf pfaq;
rsm;ESifh BudKwifumuG,fa&; ynmay;rIrsm;ukd aqmif&Gufvsuf&Sdonf/
ay;jcif;?
xkdokdY todynmjzefYjzL;&mwGif-
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wDbDa0'em&SifrS acsmif;qkd;jcif;? ESmacsjcif;? wHawG;axG;jcif;?
Munfh½I tcsdefwkd ukorItaumif txnfazmfay;jcif;?
us,favmifpGm pum;ajymjcif;? oDcsif;qkdjcif;wkdYaMumifh ywf0ef;usif&Sd
(5) vlwef;pm; tvTmtoD;oD;wGif trsKd;om; wDbDwkdufzsufa&; pDrH
avxJodkY wDbDa&m*gydk;ysHUESHYum ½SL½Idufolrsm;u a&m*gykd;vG,fvifhwul
ude;f \ tusK;d oufa&mufrrI sm;ukd xda&mufpmG qef;ppfMuyfrwfjcif;?
ul;pufcH&EkdifaMumif;? twlaerdom;pk0ifrsm;? vlpnfum;&mae&mrsm;
(6) tpkd;&r[kwfaom tzGJUtpnf;rsm;? yk*¾vdu aq;½kHaq;cef;rsm;ESifh
wGif teD;tem;&So d rl sm;? ,mOftwlvu dk yf gpD;eif;ol c&D;onfrsm;? puf½?Hk
yl;aygif;aqmif&GufrI jrifhrm;apjcif;?
tvky½f ?Hk ½k;H cef;? pmoifcef;rsm;wGif eD;pyforl sm;ul;Ekid af Mumif; ynmay;
(7) jynfoUl use;f rma&;0efxrf;rsm;\ pGr;f aqmifrt I &nftaoG;jri§ whf if
&ef?
ay;jcif;?
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(8) wDbD HIV ,SOfwGJrI? aq;,Ofyg;rI wm;qD;jcif;ESifh
tajr§;yg;? OD;aESmuf? vnfyif;tusdwf? tjcm;tusdwfrsm;? tpmtdrf?
(9) vkyfief;qkdif&m okawoersm; jyKvkyfjcif;wkdYukd azmfaqmifvsuf tlvrf;aMumif;? ausmufuyf? qD;tdrf? cg;qpfESifh t½kd;tqpfrsm;
&Sdonf/ wGifvnf; jzpfyGm;EkdifaMumif;?
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\ t"duaomhcsufig;csufjzpfonfh- (u) aq;vdyf? t&uf? tvGeftuRHaomufoHk;olrsm;? (c) oufBuD;
(1) wDbDwkdufzsufa&;vkyfief;rsm;wGif rdrdEkdifiHtpdk;&\ yg0iftm;ay; &G,ftkdrsm; uav;i,frsm;? (*) tm[m&csKdUwJholrsm;? (C) qD;csKd?
ulnDaqmif&GufrI&Sd&rnf qkdonfhtcsufukd jrefrmEkdifiHtpkd;&u aoG;csKd a0'em&Sifrsm;ESifh tpmtdrf cGJpdwfxm;olrsm;? (i)ckcHtm;
pDrHcsufa&;qGJNyD; wuf<upGmaqmif&Gufay;vsuf&Sdonf/ usqif;olrsm; ydkrdkjzpfyGm;EkdifaMumif;?
(2) &ufaygif;Mum&SnfpGm acsmif;qkd;aoma0'em&Sifrsm;ESifh tjcm;wDbD - wDbDa&m*g\ vu©Pmrsm;rSm (1) &ufowå oHk;ywfxufausmf
oHo,vlemrsm;tm; rSeb f v
D ;l jzifh ovdyyf ;dk ppfaq;jcif; tcGit
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udk vlwkdif;vufvSrf;rDa&;udk trsKd;om;wDbDwkdufzsufa&;pDrHcsuf atmifhjcif;? (4)armyef;vG,fjcif;? (5)emwm&Snfzsm;jcif;? naeESifh
jzifh aqmif&Gufay;vsuf&Sdonf/ nbufwGif wa&Smifa&Smifzsm;jcif;? nbufacR;xGufjcif;? (6) tpm;
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aqmif&Gufay;vsuf&Sdonf/ xkdtcsuftvufig;csufrSm- aumif;rGefpGm tdyfpuftem;,ljcif; ponfrsm;jyKvkyf&ef vkdtyfaMumif;
(1) aq;,Ofyg; wDbD MDR TB? tvGefYtvGef aq;,Ofyg; wDbD wkdYudk vlxktMum; usef;rma&;ynm jyefYyGm;ap&rnf[k t"d|mef pum;
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apmifha&SmufrIay;oltm;vkH; (tpkd;&? yk*¾vdu? NGO? INGO? vmvQif? eD;pyf&m aq;½kHaq;cef;rsm;wGif ppfaq;cHEkdifaMumif;? wDbD
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wDbDa&m*gtm; acsrIef;wkdufzsufa&;? ajcmufvrS &Spfvtxd aeYpOf rysufruGufaomuf&ef vkdtyfaMumif;?
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vlom;t&if;tjrpf(apmihfa&SmufrI ay;olrsm;)? b@maiG? pDrHcefYcGJ uif;EkdifaMumif; owif;aumif;yg;&efvkdtyfonf/
rI? jyKpkapmifha&SmufrI? txufatmuf qufoG,fapmifha&SmufrI? jrefrmEdkifiH\atmifjrifrIrsm;
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aqmif&u G &f mwGif jrefrmEkid if t H aejzifh odoo d mom atmifjrifrrI sm;&&Sd
cJhaMumif;? urÇmhusef;rma&;tzGJU WHO \ Global TB Report 2007
tpD&ifcHpmrS udef;*Pef;rsm;u azmfjyvsuf&Sdonf/ Oyrm-2007
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atmifjrifrIrsm; &&Sdaejcif;onf EdkifiHawmf\ rSefuefwufMuGaom
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MudK;yrf;aqmif&GufrIrsm;aMumifh jzpfaMumif; rwfv 24 &ufaeYwGif
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17-3-2009
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