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    Classification of Cells

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    Ninda Ramadani Herli Nasution
    This document summarizes the key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells, like E. coli, are simply built with a cell membrane, cell wall, cytoplasm, and circular DNA. They can be unicellular, colonial, or filamentous. Eukaryotic cells are larger, contain membrane-bound organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria, have linear chromosomes in the nucleus, and include specialized cell types from fungi, plants, and animals. The main differences are in genetic material, organelles, cell walls, and ribosome size.

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    Classification of Cells

    Uploaded by

    Ninda Ramadani Herli Nasution
    9 views14 pages
    This document summarizes the key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells, like E. coli, are simply built with a cell membrane, cell wall, cytoplasm, and circular DNA. They can be unicellular, colonial, or filamentous. Eukaryotic cells are larger, contain membrane-bound organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria, have linear chromosomes in the nucleus, and include specialized cell types from fungi, plants, and animals. The main differences are in genetic material, organelles, cell walls, and ribosome size.

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    Classification of Cells

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    This document summarizes the key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells, like E. coli, are simply built with a cell membrane, cell wall, cytoplasm, and circular DNA. They can be unicellular, colonial, or filamentous. Eukaryotic cells are larger, contain membrane-bound organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria, have linear chromosomes in the nucleus, and include specialized cell types from fungi, plants, and animals. The main differences are in genetic material, organelles, cell walls, and ribosome size.

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    9 views14 pages

    Classification of Cells

    Uploaded by

    Ninda Ramadani Herli Nasution
    This document summarizes the key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells, like E. coli, are simply built with a cell membrane, cell wall, cytoplasm, and circular DNA. They can be unicellular, colonial, or filamentous. Eukaryotic cells are larger, contain membrane-bound organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria, have linear chromosomes in the nucleus, and include specialized cell types from fungi, plants, and animals. The main differences are in genetic material, organelles, cell walls, and ribosome size.

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    of 14

    Presented by: Ninda Ramadani Herli N.

    Retno Handayani Sahid Hidayat

    Prokaryotic

    Cells
    Eukaryotic

    Prokaryotic Cells

    These are prokaryote E. coli bacteria on the head of a steel pin.

    Prokaryote cells are simply built (example: E. coli)

    capsule: slimy outer coating cell wall: tougher middle layer cell membrane: delicate inner skin cytoplasm: inner liquid filling DNA in one big loop pilli: for sticking to things flagella: for swimming ribosomes: for building proteins

    Prokaryote lifestyle
    unicellular: all alone colony: forms a film filamentous: forms a chain of cells

    Prokaryote Feeding

    Photosynthetic: energy from sunlight Disease-causing: feed on living things Decomposers: feed on dead things

    Eukaryotic

    Contain organelles surrounded by membranes

    can be multicellular Possess many organelles Include fungi, protists, plant, and animal cells

    Most living organisms Possess many organelles Have chromosomes in animal cells

    Animal

    Plant

    Examples of specialized euk. cells


    liver cell: specialized to detoxify blood and store glucose as glycogen.

    sperm cell: specialized to

    deliver DNA
    to egg cell

    Mesophyll cell
    specialized to

    capture as
    much light as possible
    inside a leaf

    Differences between Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic cells Bacterial cells also contain flagellum, plasmid and capsule. Feature Size Genetic material Prokaryote Eukaryote

    Small about 0.5 micrometers Up to 40 micrometers

    Circular DNA (in cytoplasm)

    DNA in form of linear chromosomes ( in nucleus)


    Many organelles: Double membranes e.g.: nucleus, mitochondria & chloroplasts Single membrane e.g.: GA, ER & lysosomes Fungi: rigid, formed from polysaccharide, chitin. Plant: rigid, formed from polysaccharides. E.g.: cellulose. Animals no cell wall

    Organelles

    Few present, none membrane bound

    Cell walls

    Rigid formed from glycoproteins (mainly murein)

    Ribosomes

    70s

    80s

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