2 Gii thiu phn mm HFSS : 3.2.1 Gii thiu chung : HFSS l vit tt ca Hight Frequency Structure Simulator.

HFSS l phn mm m phng trng in t theo phng php ton sng (full wave) m hnh ha bt k thit b th ng 3D no. u im ni bt ca n l c giao din ngi dng ha. N tch hp m phng, o ha, m hnh ha 3D v t ng ha (t ng tm li gii) trong mt mi trng d dng hc, trong li gii cho cc bi ton in t 3D thu c mt cch nhanh chng v chnh xc. Ansoft HFSS s dng phng php phn t hu hn (Finite Element Method, FEM), k thut chia li thch nghi (adaptive meshing) v k thut ha. Ansoft HFSS c th c s dng tnh ton cc tham s chng hn nh: tham s S, tn s cng hng, gin trng, tham s , ... HFSS l mt h thng m phng tng tc, trong phn t mt li c bn l mt t din. iu ny cho php bn c th tm li gii cho bt k vt th 3D no. c bit l i vi cc cu trc c dng cong phc tp. Ansoft l cng ty tin phong s dng phng php phn t hu hn (FEM) m phng trng in t bng cc k thut nh: phn t hu hn, chia li thch nghi, HFSS l mt h thng m phng tng tc, trong phn t mt li c bn l mt t

din. iu ny cho php bn c th tm li gii cho bt k vt th 3D no. c bit l i vi cc cu trc c dng cong phc tp. Ansoft l cng ty tin phong s dng phng php phn t hu hn (FEM) m phng trng in t bng cc k thut nh: phn t hu hn, chia li thch nghi, Ansoft HFSS cung cp mt giao din trc gic v d dng s dng pht trin cc m hnh thit b RF th ng. Chu trnh thit k c minh ha trong hnh 4.1, bao gm cc bc sau: 1. V m hnh vi cc tham s cho trc: v m hnh thit b, cc iu kin bin v ngun kch thch. 2. Thit t cc thng s phn tch: thc hin thit t cc thng s tm li gii. 3. Chy m phng: qu trnh ny hon ton t ng. 4. Hin th kt qu: a ra cc bo co v th trng 2D. Giao din ca HFSS v v tr cc ca s trong HFSS

Hnh 3.4 : Giao din chnh ca chng trnh HFSS Cc ca s trong giao din chnh ca HFSS : + Project Manager:

Hnh 3.5 : Ca s project manager + Property Window :

Hnh 3.6 : Ca s Property Window Qu trnh m phng vi HFSS c th chia ra lm cc bc c th hiu cch lm vic tnh ton theo lu sau :

Hnh 3.7 : Lu lm vic ca HFSS Trong qu trnh thc hin phn tch, HFSS s chia ton b cu trc thnh cc t din nh (gi l mt li). H thng mt li s lp kn ton b cu trc. Ti mi bc thch nghi, HFSS s tnh gi tr ca tham s S cho tng mt li. Gia 2 bc thch nghi lin tip, HFSS s tnh gia s Delta S vi cng thc nh sau: Delta S = Maxij[mag(SNij S(N-1)ij] Trong i v j l ch s ca phn t tung ng trong ma trn S v N l ch s ca bc thch nghi. Delta S l gi tr ln nht ca gia s ca bin ca tham s S tng ng.

HFSS s so snh gi tr Delta S ny vi tiu chun hi t do ngi dng nh ngha kt lun s hi t ca li gii. 3.2.2 Chy m phng vi HFSS : Qu trnh chy m phng vi HFSS : m phng mt anten bt k,v c bn ta thc hin cc bc sau: Chn HFSS\Solution Type\Driven Terminal Chn n v l mm : 3D Modeler \ Units : chn mm Da vo cc cng c trn thanh cng c v cu trc ca anten vo giao din lm vic To Port cp ngun Chn mt cp ngun,sau vo HFSS\Excitation\Assign Nu cp ngun bng probe th chn Wave Port Nu cp ngun bng ng vi di th chn Lumped Port

Khai bo cc mt bc x(thng khai bo cho mt phng t): Chn mt bc x,sau vo HFSS\Boundaries\Assign\Perfect E To khng gian bc x cho anten V mt Box bao trm c anten,thng thng khong cch t ra anten n mt box khong bc sng cng hng cn thit k. sau vo: HFSS\Boundaries\Assign\Radiation Chn cc mt ca Box pha m anten c bc x Chn HFSS\Radiation\Insert Far Field Setup\Infinite Sphere

Mn hnh hin ln bng pha Far Field Radiation Sphere Setup Nhp cc thng s mnh mun v nhn OK

Hnh 3.8 Bng thng s to mi trng bc x vng xa hnh cu Khai bo tn s cng hng mong mun,s bc lp v sai s ln nht chp nhn c Vo HFSS\Analysis Setup\Add Solution Setup,mn hnh hin ra mt khung nh hnh 3.8 Solution Frequency: nhp vo tn s cng hng mong mun Maximum Number of Passed:s bc lp ti a ca m phng Maximum Delta S Per Pass: sai s chp nhn c,cng nh cng chnh xc

Hnh 3.9 Bng Solution Setup Chng trnh m phng s chy cho n khi sai s tnh ton nh hn hoc bng Delta S.Khi xem nh m phng chnh xc v c hi t (Converged).Nu chy ht tt c cc bc lp m vn khng c sai s no nh hn Delta S,chng trnh cng s t ng dng li.Khi qu trnh m phng s khng hi t v cho kt qu khng chnh xc. Mun khc phc ta phi tng gi tr Detla S ln hoc l tng s bc lp ln nhn c kt qu chnh xc Tuy nhin,nu sai s tnh ra ngay nhng bc lp u tin nh hn Delta S th kt qu nhn c cng khng ng tin. trnh hin tng ny ta phi gim Delta S tng s bc lp ca chng trnh Thng thng nu chng trnh chy nhiu hn 5 bc lp v c hi t th ta s nhn c kt qu chnh xc Khai bo vng tn s kho st Vo HFSS\Analysis Setup\Add Sweep Mn hnh hin ra khung Select, chn Setup v nhn OK

Mn hnh hin ra khung Edit Sweep nh hnh 3.10 .Chn vng tn s mun kho st v nhn OK

Hnh 3.10 Bng khai bo vng tn s kho st

Sau khi thc hin tt c cng on trn,ta vo HFSS\Validation Check kim tra xem c sai st gi khng Nu khng c sai st g,vo HFSS\Analyze v bt u chy m phng 3.2.3 Xem kt qu m phng Kim tra qu trnh m phng -

Vo HFSS\Results\Solution Data Trong khung Solution Data chn th Convergence.Mn hnh hin ra

bng nh hnh 3.11 Ch n hai ch nh du .Nu c du Check v c Converged

(hi t),ng thi s bc lp nhiu hn 4 th kt qu l tin cy

Hnh 3.11 Bng Solution Data

Hin th kt qu m phng Vo HFSS\Results\Create Report Hin ra khung Create Report

Hnh 3.12 Bng Create Report

Xem h s phn x S11 hoc tr khng ng vo Z11 Trong Report Type chn Terminal S Parameter Trong Display Type chn Rectangular Plot Nhn OK Mn hnh hin ra khung Trace

Hnh 3.13 Bng nhp s liu v th

Trace

Chn cc thng s ca anten m ta mun xem ri nhn Add

Nhn Done

Xem li (Gain) 3D Trong Report Type chn Far Field Trong Display Type chn 3D Polar Plot Nhn OK

Tng t nh trn.s c bng Trace hin ra ta nhp cc thng s mun hin th Xc nh HPBW Trong Report Type chn Far Field Trong Display Type chn Radiation Pattern