ADDIS ABABA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

COURSE NO. = ECEG-2206 EXPERIMENT -4 TITLE:- THE operational AMPLIFIER

LABORATORY REPORT

BY:- ESHET TEZERA (TCR/1091/01) GROUP=2C-5

DATE OF EXPERIMENT: 08/05/2010

DATE OF SUBMISSION: 11/05/2010 OBJECTIVE To study and explore operational amplifiers

EQUIPMENT Equipment Oscilloscope Function generator DC source Multimeter

Quantity

1 1 2 1

COMPONENTS

component Operational amplifier Decade resistor capacitor

type 1 board

Quantity 1 3 1

10nf

THEORY
Operational amplifiers are very alike with differential amplifiers in fact they are cascaded differential amplifiers. Operational amplifiers are generally characterized by : Very high open loop gain High input resistance Low output resistance High stability Low noise Operation amplifiers have two input terminals; one of this inverting while the other one is non-inverting. So the transfer characteristics depend on which terminal we use:-

BASIC CONFIGURATIONS 1. Inverting op-amp Rf/R1 = Vo/Vi = -A

2. Non-inverting op-amp A = 1 + Rf/R1

3. Summation and subtraction Vo=-( V1Rf/R1 + V2Rf/R2 + V3Rf/R3 + .+VnRf/Rn )

4. Integrator Vo = -1/RC Vi dt + c

5. Differentiation Vo = -RC dVi/dt

The above configurations are some of that are from what there is. FREQUENCY RESPONSE Vo directly proportional Input impedance inversely proportional

OPEN LOOP GAIN MEASURIN SETUP

A = 300Vo/(Vo-V1)

PROCEDURE
3.2 inverting op-amp 3.2.1 transfer characteristics for a) R1 = 50kRf = 100k

b) R1 = 50k

Rf = 50k

c) R1 = 100k

Rf = 100k

3.2.2 appling V1 = 16Vpp,100Hz,sinusoidal wave measure the gain in a, b and c. sketch the CRO output.

3.3 summation and subtraction (where A1 = 1 and A2 = 2) a)V1= -1.5v , V2 = -2.8v

b) V1= -4.5 , V2 = 3.5v

3.4

non-inverting op-amps R1 = Rf = 50k , plot the transfer characteristics

3.5

integrating op-amp

3.5.1 R1=500 ohm, Rf=100k, C=10nF, (Vi=0.5Vpp,5kHz,sinusoidal),diagram of Vi and Vo. Rf disconnected.

3.5.2 apply square wave and compare Vi and Vo

CONCLUSION
As we have seen from the experiment op-amps have different utilities some of this are inverting signals, addition of signals, subtraction of signals and integration of signals are the least of the functions of opamps. And we also have seen that their output voltage is limited by the supply voltage magnitude.