Plane Curvilinear Motion

0. Introduction

1. Rectangular Coordinates (x-y)

2. Normal and Tangential Coordinates (n-t) 3. Polar Coordinates (r-)

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Plane Curvilinear Motion

Position vector Velocity vector Acceleration vector

Position
Change in position (displacement)

Reference frame

Distance

(along curve)
Origin Position vector
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Plane Curvilinear Motion

Velocity
r v lim t 0 t
dr v r dt

Magnitude: v Direction: tangent to the curve at that point

v // r

Note:

vr
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Plane Curvilinear Motion

Acceleration
v a lim t 0 t
dv a v dt

Magnitude: a Direction: pointing inward the curve

a // v

Note: a v
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Plane Curvilinear Motion

1. Rectangular Coordinates (x-y) 2. Normal and Tangential Coordinates (n-t) 3. Polar Coordinates (r-)
Notes: Usage will depend on the situation Usually, more than one can be used. Sometimes, more than one is needed at the same time

2142211 Mechanical Dynamics NAV

1.Rectangular Coordinates (x-y)

y r xi j y vy i vx j vxi j v i x i y a x y jv j

Magnitude & Direction - Pythagoras

r x2 y2
2 2 v vx vy 2 2 a ax ay

- Trigonometry (sine and cosine laws, etc.) vy eg. tan

vx
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1.Rectangular Coordinates (x-y)

Applications

2142211 Mechanical Dynamics NAV

1. Rectangular Coordinates (x-y)

Projectile Motion
y motion can be considered independently from the x direction

2142211 Mechanical Dynamics NAV

1.Rectangular Coordinates (x-y)

Example 1:

Notes:

Ans:
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1. Rectangular Coordinates (x-y)

Example 2: Projectile Motion

Ans:
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1. Rectangular Coordinates (x-y)

Example 3: Projectile Motion
Determine the smallest angle , measured above the horizontal, that the hose should be directed so that the water stream strikes the bottom of the wall at B. The speed of the water at the nozzle is vc.

Ans:
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