Design of V-belt transmission

T. Cicone

DESIGN OF V-BELT TRANSMISSION (STAS 1163 71 & ISO R 155).

Design Data input power (at the driving sheave), P1 input rotational speed (of the driving sheave), n1 (rot/min), transmission ratio, iBD. center distance, A. application (service) factor c f (Ks).

/2

F0

F0

Fig. 1. Geometry of belt drives

Fig. 2. Power rating chart for V-Belt selection Select the V-belt (cross-section) size function of the power and rotation speed at the input, using the diagram from Figure 2. If the point is close to a demarcation line, it is recommended to select the belt size under this line (with greater load capacity). Table 1 gives data for all dimensions of the belt cross-section.
Machine Design 2003-2004

Design of V-belt transmission

T. Cicone

Select the working diameter of the driving sheave, Dp1. It is recommended to select a normalized value (STAS 1162-67). The range of normalized diameters is in accordance with the size of the belt (see Table 2). Sheave diameters below minimum values recommended for the belt size in question should not be used because the higher bending stress materially reduces the belt life. Calculate the working diameter of the driven sheave:

D p2 = iBD D p1

(1)

If there are no restrictions for the transmission ratio, the diameter can be normalized to the closest value (see Table 4 STAS 1162 67) Included angle:

= 2 arcsin
where normally D p2 A 3( D p1 + D p 2 )

D p 2 D p1 2A

(2)

Shaft distances that are too short (short belts) result in higher frequencies, causing excessive heating and thus premature failure of the belt. Shaft center distances that are too long (long belts) may result in belt vibrations, especially of the slack side, also causing higher belt stress.
Angle of wrap (arc of contact): on driving sheave 1 = 180o , on driven sheave 2 = 180o + Working length:

L p = 2 A cos

360

( 1 D p1 + 2 D p 2 ) 2 A +

( D p1 + D p 2 )
2

( D p 2 D p1 ) 2 4A

(3)

A normalized value of the working length should be selected from vendors catalogues (usually the closest value is selected). Standard values are given in Table 3.
Peripheral velocity:

v=

D p1 n1
60000

[m / s]

(4)

It is recommended a maximum peripheral velocity vmax=40 m/s.

Preliminary number of belts:
z0 = c f Pc c L c P0

(5)

(a) lp bmax h
Fig. 3. V-Belt Dimensions (STAS 7192-83)
Machine Design 2003-2004

Design of V-belt transmission

T. Cicone

Table 1. - V-Belt sizes

Size SPZ SPA SPB 1615 SPC

Cross section dimensions lph 8.58.0 11.010 14.013 16.015 19.018

h h [mm] 80.4 100.5 130.5 150.5 180.6

Dmax [mm] 2.0 2.8 3.5 4.0 4.8

[]

Working length Lp [mm] Minim 630 800 Maxim 3550 4500 8000 10000 12500

Dp min [mm] 71 100 160 200 224

400.1

1250 1600 2000

Table 2. - Normalized values for working length Lp [mm]

Working length Lp [mm]

400 2500

500 3150

630 4000

800 5000

1000 6200

1250 8000

1600 10000

2000 12500

Example of notation: SPA 2000; STAS 7192-83 (V-Belt size SPA, with working length Lp=2000 mm)
Table 3. - Normalized values for working diameters, Dp [mm]

63 450 where

71 500

80 560

90 630

112 710

125 800

140 900

160 1120

180 1250

200 1400

224 1600

250 1800

280 2000

315 2500

400

cL - length correction factor (Table 4) function of the working length L p .

c - wrapping factor:
c = 1 0.003(180 1 )
(6)

P0- nominal power transmitted by one belt is given by vendors Tables 6...9 give values from STAS 1163-71. Linear interpolation should be used for intermediary values. z0- may should not be rounded off.
Final number of belts:

z=

z0 cz

(6)

where c z is belt load repartition factor (see Table 5). The result should be rounded to the upper integer. It is recommended that z 8 .
Bending frequency:

f = 103 x
where: x number of sheaves.

v [m/s] [ Hz ] Lp

(7)

Machine Design 2003-2004

Design of V-belt transmission

T. Cicone

Bending frequency should not be greater than 40 Hz .

Peripheral force:

Fu = 10 3
Belt tensioning (Preload) force:

P1[kW ] [N ] v[m / s ]

(8)

F0 = (1,5.....2) Fu [ N ] Note that the belt tensioning force is the radial force loading the shaft (supported by the bearings). Adjustment of shaft center distance (Minimum take-up allowance): X>0.03 Lp Y>0.015 Lp The dimensions of the grooves for V-belts are standardized (STAS 116284) see Figure 5 and Table 10.
Table 4. Length correction factor cL

(9)

Working length, Lp.[mm] SPZ 400 450 500 560 630 710 800 900 1000 1120 1250 1400 1600 1700 1800 2000 2240 2500 2800 3150 3550 3750 4000 SPA

Belt size SPB SPC

0.82 0.84 0.86 0.88 0.9 0.93 0.94 0.96 1.00 1.01 1.01 1.02 1.05 1.07 1.09 1.11 1.13 -

0.81 0.83 0.85 0.87 0.89 0.91 0.93 0.94 0.95 0.96 0.98 1.00 1.02 1.04 1.06 1.07 1.08

0.82 0.84 0.86 0.87 0.88 0.90 0.92 0.94 0.96 0.98 1.00 1.01 1.02

0.82 0.86 0.88 0.90 0.92 0.93 0.94

Machine Design 2003-2004

Design of V-belt transmission

T. Cicone

Table 5 - V-Belt load repartition factor, cz Number of belts, z0 cz

23 4.6 over 6

0.95 0.90 0.85

B f lp n De m e r

Dp

Fig. 5. Standard dimensions of V-belt grooves Table 10. - V-belts groove dimensions

Groove size Belt size lp

nmin

A SPA 11 3.3 11
2 10+ 1

B SPB 14 4.2 14
2 12.5 + 1

C SPC 19 5.7 19
2 17 + 1

SPZ 8.5 2.5 9

8 1

mmin

f e

120.3 381 341 0.5

150.3 381 341 1.0

190.4 381 341 1.0

22.50.5 3830 3630 1.5

r
Sheave width:

B = ( z 1)e + 2 f

Remark. Sometimes, working diameter is called datum diameter. Working length is also called nominal length or length in datum system.

Machine Design 2003-2004