M U Nh chng ta bit cc in cc v pin trong iu kin thun nghch nhit ng hc trong cc in th in cc v sc in ng ca pin ( v E ) c xc nh trng thi cn bng khi mch

mch h ( hai in cc khng ni vi nhau bng dy dn loi I v mch ngoi khng c dng in chy qua). Tuy nhin trong thc t, khi pin lm vic hoc khi thc hin mt qu trnh in phn th lun lun c mt dng in lin tc chy qua dy dn loi I ( cc dy dn kim loi ) v dy dn loi 2 (in cc cht in ly) khi pin v cc in cc hot ng trong iu kin bt thun nghch nhit ng hc. Vic nghin cu cc h phn ng in ha trong iu kin nh th l ht sc cn thit hiu r bn cht ca qa th, s phn cc trong qu trnh in cc hay ng dng cc qu trnh in cc vo cng nghip v thc tin. Qua phn ny ta c th hiu thm v cch bo v cc cng trnh kim loi bng phng php in ha Qua tiu lun ng hc cc qu trnh in cc chng ta hiu thm v cc qu trnh in cc trong pin cng nh trong qu trnh in phn. Cc yu t nh hng n qu trnh in phn, cch tnh lng cht kt ta trong qu trnh in phn. Chng ta hiu thm v qu th. Khng nhng th qua vic tm hiu ng hc cc qu trnh in cc ta bit cch bo v cc cng trnh kin trc bng kim loi trnh b ph hy bi mi trng.