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3-

4-

5-

6-

7-

(4 marks)

8-

9-

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10.

A certain power station generates electricity from falling water. The

diagram shows a simplified sketch of the system.

Top reservoir

To turn the turbine,

water flows down
from the top
reservoir.
The water can also
be pumped back up

Bottom
reservoir
Turbine.
To generate electricity,
the turbine is
connected to generators.

(a)

(i)

In what form is the energy of the water initially stored?

....................................................................................................

(ii)

What energy form is this transformed into in order to drive the

turbine?
....................................................................................................
(1)

(b)

State the principal of conservation of energy.

..............................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................
(2)

(c)

The force of the water at the turbine is 3.5 108 N and the output
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power generated is 1.7 109 W. Use this data to calculate the

minimum speed at which the water must enter the turbine.
..............................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................
(2)

(d)

Explain why, in practice, the speed at which the water enters the
turbine is much greater than this.
..............................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................
(1)

(e)

When working at this output power, 390 m3 of water flows through

the turbine each second. The top reservoir holds 7.0 106 m3 of
water. For how long will electricity be generated?
..............................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................
Time =.....................................................

(f)

(1)

This power station is used at peak periods, after which the water is
pumped back to the top reservoir. The water has to be raised by 500
m. How much work is done to return all the water to the top
reservoir?
(The density of water is 1000 kg m3.)
Work done =............................................
(3)
(Total 10 marks)

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11A lift of mass 600 kg carries a passenger of mass 100 kg. Calculate the
tension in the cable when the lift is:

Take g = 9.8 ms-2

(a) stationary
.......................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................

(b) Accelerating upwards at 1.0 ms-2

.............................................................................................................................. .................................

.................................................................................................. ................................................

............................................................................................................................. ...................

(c) Moving upwards but slowing down at 2.5 ms-2

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..................................................................................................................................... ...................................................

........................................................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................. .........................................................

(d) Accelerating downwards at 2.0 ms-2

............................................................................................................................. ...........................................................

............................................................................................................................... .........................................................

........................................................................................................................................................................................

(e) Moving downwards but slowing down at 3.0 ms-2.

......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................

Total marks (10)

Total Marks: 80

The End
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