PROBLEM 1.

56
KNOWN: Hot plate suspended in a room, plate temperature, room temperature and surroundings temperature, convection coefficient and plate emissivity, mass and specific heat of the plate. FIND: (a) The time rate of change of the plate temperature, and (b) Heat loss by convection and heat loss by radiation. SCHEMATIC:
Air qrad Ts qrad

T = 25C h = 6.4 W/m2 K

qconv Plate, 0.3 m x 0.3 m M = 3.75 kg, cp = 2770 J/kgK, = 0.42 Tsur = 25C

 E st

qconv

ASSUMPTIONS: (1) Plate is isothermal and at uniform temperature, (2) Large surroundings, (3) Negligible heat loss through suspension wires. ANALYSIS: For a control volume about the plate, the conservation of energy requirement is

 -E   E in out = Est  = Mc dT where E st p dt 4   E in - E out = A(Tsur - Ts4 ) + hA(T - Ts ) and

Combining Eqs. (1) through (3) yields
4 A[(Tsur - Ts4 ) + h(T - Ts )] dT = dt Mcp

(1) (2) (3)

Noting that Tsur = 25o C + 273 K = 298 K and Ts = 225o C + 273 K = 498 K ,

dT = dt

{20.3 m0.3 m[0.425.6710-8

W W (4984 -2984 ) K 4 ]+6.4 2 (25o C-225o C)} 4 m K m K J 3.75 kg2770 kg K

2

= -0.044 K/s The heat loss by radiation is the first term in the numerator of the preceding expression and is

< < <

q rad = 230 W
The heat loss by convection is the second term in the preceding expression and is

q conv = 230 W

COMMENTS: (1) Note the importance of using kelvins when working with radiation heat transfer. (2) The temperature difference in Newtons law of cooling may be expressed in either kelvins or degrees Celsius. (3) Radiation and convection losses are of the same magnitude. This is typical of many natural convection systems involving gases such as air.
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