Diseases Affecting the Circulatory System *Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever

Acute febrile disease, rarely fatal unless it progresses to hemorrhagic shock syndrome CA: Flaviviruses 1,2,3,4, Arboviruses group B MOT: Aedes Aegypti- tiger/stripped mosquito IP: Susceptible Age:

Signs and Symptoms

Febrile or Invasive Stage- 2-3days (+) Tourniquet Test, Hermans Sign (PS) Abdominal pain, fever

Circulatory Phase- 3-5 days Low temp, cool clammy skin

Weak and rapid pulse, narrow pulse pressure Coma, metabolic acidosis

Classification Grade I Abdominal Pain Flu-like symptoms

Grade II Grade III Grade IV Grade III Shock Grade II . Grade I

DX: Tourniquet test (Rumplel Leads Test), Platelet count, occult blood test Curative: Non-aspirin analgesic I.V. fluid replacement Diet: low fat, low fiber, non-irritating, non-carbonated, no dark colored foods Blood Transfusion Monitor for signs of pulmonary congestion Diuretics

*Malaria
CA: Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, P. malariae. MOT: Anopheles mosquito- 9 pm to 3 am DX: IP:

Drugs: Chloroquine phosphate, Quinine Sulfate Preventive: Chloroquine- weekly intervals (1-2 weeks before entering community) Treating mosquito nets, house spraying, on stream seeding, on stream clearing, clothing, zooprophylaxis, repellants, neem tree Prevent epidemic by: mass blood smear collection, surveillance for 3 years Control epidemic by: case finding, treatment of positive cases, mass drug administration for 4 weeks, surveillance Clinical Manifestations Myalgia, chills, fever, headache Cold Stage

Hot Stage

Diaphoretic Stage

Management Fever control during febrile stage Blanket, hot drinks during chilling stage Increase fluid intake, monitor for pul edema Keep bed and clothing dry

Watch out for neurologic toxicity (delirium, confusion) Watch out for signs of bleeding Monitor for anemia, B1B2, BUNCREA, ABG DOC: Chloroquine, Quinine, Sulfadoxine, Primaquine

*Ebola Virus
A hemorrhagic disease caused by Ebola Virus MOT: IP: S/S:

Nursing management: Symptomatic care Deep breathing exercises

Treatment: Intensive support Strict isolation No vaccine