Entropy and the Ideal Gas Ideal gas: U ( V ) T = 0 dU = CV dT dU = dq - P dV

T or V S

for all processes

dq = dU + P dV dqrev dT nR dS = T = CV T + V dV at constant V dT S = CV T T2 S = CV ln T 1 at constant T V2 nR S = V dV = nR ln V 1 dH = dU + PdV + VdP = dqrev PdV + PdV + VdP dqrev = dH VdP = CP dT VdP dT nR dS = CP dP T P at constant P T2 dT S = CP T = CP ln T 1
T2 P S = CP ln T - nR ln 2 P1 1

assume Cv = cst

Pext = P

assume CP = cst

3 Example: 1 mole ideal monatomic gas: CV = 2 R = 12.5 J/K double T at cst.V, S = 12.5 J/K ln 2 = 8.6 J/K double T at cst P , S = 20.8 J/K ln 2 = 14.4 J/K double V at cst T , S = 8.314 J/K ln 2 = 5.8 J/K

Colby College