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Line Protection 1
Line Protection 1
j1
R0 W /km L0 mH/km
jo
C1= C0 mF/km
ABB Network Partner AB
Sture Lindahl p 5
Rn
Ln
120
100
110 kV
ABB Network Partner AB
Sture Lindahl p 11
S y s te m v o lta g e [k V ]
S y s te m V o lta g e
Sustained outages
Length [km]
Faults/(100 km,year)
Outage Rate
AIEE-EEI 1940-1950
Outages/(100 km,year)
Faults/(100 km,year)
Failure Rate
USSR 1981-85
Faults/(100 km,year)
TEPCO 1985-1989
100 % 80
Faults/year
100 60
10 20
T
R S
R
S T
T
R S
R
S T
% 40,0
20,0
6,3 17,0 8,9
Type of fault
ABB Network Partner AB
Sture Lindahl p 24
% 40,0
20,0 0,0 Earth F Short C Series F Other
15,9 4,2 3,2
Type of fault
ABB Network Partner AB
Sture Lindahl p 25
% 40,0
20,0 0,0 Earth F Short C Series F Other
12,0 6,0 5,2
Type of fault
ABB Network Partner AB
Sture Lindahl p 26
130 kV Sydkraft
Year
40 and 50 kV Sydkraft
Year
Cause
Percent
ABB Network Partner AB
Sture Lindahl p 31