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Lesson Planning Sheet Title: Calculating an Expected Frequency Learning Objectives: By the end of the lesson: All students should be able to use an experimental or theoretical probability to calculate an expected frequency. Most students should be able to use the sum of mutually exclusive events to calculate an expected frequency. Some students should be able to use an expected frequency to calculate a sample size. Keywords: Expected frequency, sample, relative, experiment Learning Activities Starter/Introduction Recap theoretical probability through deriving a set of events to match given probability descriptions. To differentiate this for the less able the spinners could have fewer sections. Have students compare different sets of solutions for peer assessment and feedback. Development To calculate an expected frequency it may be necessary to review writing one number as a fraction of another and calculating a fraction of an amount. The use of calculators could be encouraged to focus solely on the intended learning objective. Discuss how the accuracy of the expected frequency increases with the sample of size of the probability experiment. This leads on to relative frequency in a later lesson. Students could work through the problems on the third slide independently although they may need some guidance with mutually exclusive events for the first question. Plenary The plenary is intended to extend the learning of the lesson by having the class work the problem in reverse. One approach could be to set up and solve an equivalent ratio. Have the solutions presented on mini-whiteboards for assessment and feedback. Differentiation More able: Students could calculate the expected frequency of two or more events by considering and/or probabilities. Less Able Students may need to calculate expected frequencies of events with less than 6 outcomes using a dice or coin for example. Resources: Mini-whiteboards Calculators