www.kalaya.

org

@p`qE @prmR@N~ argly

@p`qEjn ek~sw~ @prmRN vQsQn~ sAvQ{`ny krn lq uq~@G`~;N rFlQyk~ psRgQy 23 v#nQ bq`q` nR@g~@g`d qW
p#v#w~vQNQ. @m| lQpQy lQyn @m`@h`w vn vQt ehQ krn lq kw` pQLQb[ v`r~w` vW @n`m#w. eb#vQn~ e~
rFlQ@yhQ qW vQvQ{ k}Qkyn~ kOmk~ kW@v| q#yQ mm @n`qnQmQ. @m| uq~@G`~;N rFlQy 19 v#nQ v&vs~}`
sA@X`~{n@yn~ ob|bt yn~@n~ @k@s~ q#yQ jnw`vt p#h#qQlQ kr qWm s[h` vR bv e~ nQmQw~@wn~ @k`LB
ngr@y~ alv` wQbR @p`~s~tr@yn~ kQy#@vyQ. e~ @p`~s~try anRv uq~@G`~;N rFlQy jnw`krNyt km|kr#
ayQwQv`sQkm| kp~p`qEvt h` jWvn vQyqm ihL y$mt e@rhQv vQy. @m| kr#NRvlt e@rhQv uq~@G`~;N kQrWm
argl kQrWm @h`[y. e@hw~ aq r@tQ pY{`n pYX~nyt @p`~s~tr@yhQ idk~ @n`vWy. @qmL j`wQv`qyt rt p`v`
qWm sm|bn~{@yn~ @p`qE jn ek~sw~ @prmR@N~ s~}`vry kOmk~q? InQy` s`m s`kc|C` sm|bn~{@yn~ p#h#qQlQ
pYwQpw~wQyk~ @p`qE @prmRNt n#w.

e~ q$ 19 v#nQ v&vs~}` sA@X`~{n@yn~ ob|bt yn~@nn~ kQy#@vn~@n~ y#yQ kQsQvkO wr~k kQrWmt id a#w.
e@mn~m rFs~vW@m| qW krn lq a#w#m| kw`vlQn~ e~ p#h#qQlQ vW y#yQ q kWmt id a#w. e@hw~ e~ sQyl~l ugOrt
@h`r` @b@hw~ k$mkQ. @p`qE jn ek~sw~ @prmRN pY{`n pYX~nyt mRhRN @n`qW lQs~s` y$mt krn v$ym iw`
p#h#qQlQy. psRgQyq` pRvw~pw~vl mhQn~q r`jpk; mhw` @n`~r~@v| nQ@y`~jQwyn~ mRN g#sWm v`r~w` kr wQbRNQ.
e~ mhw` sQnh mRhRNQn~ @n`~r~@v| nQ@y`~jQwyn~ smg kw` krnR pRvw~pw~vlQn~ q r$pv`hQnW n`lQk` mgQn~ q apQ
qEtR@vmR. @n`~r~@v| nQ@y`~jQwyn~ smg sQnh mRhRNQn~ kw` kQrWm vrqk~ @n`@v|. e@hw~ apt pYX~ny vnR@y~ e~
kw` @k@L~ kOmk~q yn~ny. ek~ r$pv`hQnW n`lQk`vk~ n#rBR aykO mt kQy` sQtQ@y~ mhQn~q r`jpk; mhw`
@n`~r~@v| nQ@y`~jQwyn~ smg n#@gnhQr pL`@w~ mRs~lQm| jny`@g~ pYX~ny kw` kL bv e~ n`lQk`@vn~ p#vsRNR
bvy. n#@gnhQr pL`@w~ mRs~lQm| jny`@g~ pYX~ny q vQr#q~{ pk;@y~ n`yky` @ls kw` kQrWm q vrqk~
@n`@v|. r`jpk; mhw` n#@gnhQr pL`@w~ sQAhlyn~@g~ pYX~ny g#n kw` @k@L~q?

mRs~lQm| jny` g#n kw` kQrWmt XYW lAk` mRs~lQm| @k`AgYsy @mn~m j`wQk smgQ sA{`ny q @vyQ. sQAhlyn~@g~
pYX~n g#n kw` krn~@n~ kvRq? aq n#@gnhQr pL`w @qmL @mn~m mRs~lQm| jny`@g~ nQj xSmQy y#yQ pYx`krn~
@b`r#vt @h`~ pvsyQ. @m| nQs` ww~w~vy wvw~ brpwL vW a#w. in~ gm& vn~@n~ n#@gnhQr pL`w
sQAhlyn~@g~ nQj xSmQy @n`vn bvy. m` kQhQp vw`vk~m klQn~ s[hn~ kr a#wQ prQqQ @m| @h~wO@vn~
n#@gnhQr pL`@w~ sQAhl@y`~ e~ pL`@w~ pQts~wr@y`~ @vwQ. n#@gnhQr pL`@w~ idm|vlQn~ sQyyt pNhkt
v#dQ pYm`Nyk~ wvmw~ sQAhlyn~ swO bv sQAhl j`wQk sAgmy @pn~v` qW a#w. @snrw~ rjR qvs ey sQyyt
sQyyk~m vQy. ekl rjR aq n#@gnhQr pL`w y#yQ nm| @krW a#wQ pY@q~X@y~ q idm|vl x`rkr# vQy. sQAhl
@b_q~{ sm|pYq`yt anRv rjR idm|vl ayQwQkr# @n`v x`rkr# vQy. iAgQrQsQ (@r`~m ln~@q~sQ) nWwQyt anRr$pv
kw` krn vQt idm| rjRt ayQwQ vW y#yQ kQv h#kQy. @snrw~ rjR mRs~lQmRn~ aq n#@gnhQr pL`w y#yQ nm|
@k@rn pY@q~X@y~ pqQAcQ @n`krn~nt mRs~lQmRn~t aq vn vQt ehQ idm| ayQwQ kr g#nWmt avs~}`vk~ uq`
@n`vWmt wQbRNQ. @qmL jny` n#@gnhQr pL`@w~ s~}Wrv pqQAcQ krnR l#bR@y~ ln~@q~sQn~ h` v#dQ vX@yn~
iAgQrQsQn~ vQsQnQ. aq vn vQt mRs~lQm| jny` h` @qmL jny` n#@gnhQr pL`@w~ idm| ayQwQ kr@gn wQbWm nQs`
@snrw~ rjR@g~ k`l@y~ sQt aq vn vQt sQAhlyn~@g~ idm| ayQwQy 100% sQt 50% k~ pmN qk~v` phw
v#tQ a#w.

@m| awr avRr#qE qhs~ gNnk~ aq n#@gnhQr pL`w y#yQ h#[Qn~@vn pY@q~X@y~ pqQAcQv sQtQ sQAhlyn~t ehQ
nQj xSmQyk~ n#w. e@hw~ e~ pL`w @snrw~ rjR qvs ehQ p#mQNQ mRs~lQm| jny`@g~ q Itw~ psRv ehQ p#mQNQ
@qmL jny`@g~ q nQj xSmQy @vyQ_ @m| ww~w~vyt vgkQv yRw~@w`~ e. j`. pk;@y~ h` @p`qE @prmR@N~
n`ykyn~ y#yQ kQy` gn~@n`~y. iAgQrQsQn~ vQsQn~ a@p~ n`ykyn~ bvt pw~ krnR l#bR @m`vRhR aq @n`~r~@v|
a#wOU a#mrQkn~ pY{`n bthQryn~ iqQrQ@y~ v#[ v#@twQ. ym| ayRrkQn~ uwOr# h` n#@gnhQr pL`w~vl
pYx`krn~@g~ @k`tQ sAvQ{`ny blyt pw~vRv@h`w~ pLmRv sQAhlyn~ q psRv mRs~lQm| jny` q n#@gnhQr

© Prof. Nalin De Silva

 www.kalaya.org

pL`@wn~ eLv` q#@mnR a#w. pYx`krn~ ehQ pLmR pQyvr @ls n#@gnhQr pL`@wn~ hmRq`v eLv` q#mWmtw~
ehQ sQAhl h` mRs~lQm| jny` bQy v#q~qWmtw~ ktyRwO krmQn~ sQtQyQ. 19 v#nQ v&vs~}` sA@X`~{ny pRs~sk~ vn
bv q#ngw~ q` sQt, InQy` sQvQl~ v#sQyn~ lv` hmRq` k[vRr#vlt phr qWmtw~ hr~w`l~ uq~@G`~;N a`qQy
kQrWmtw~ @k`tQ kYQy` kr a#w~@w~ ehQ pYwQPlyk~ @lsy.

19 v#nQ v&vs~}` sA@X`~{nyt ob|@bn~ a#w~@w~ kOmk~q#yQ @p`qE @prmRNt h`AkvQsQyk @h`~ q#nRmk~ n#w.
@qmL j`wQv`qW pYX~nyt bthQryn~ kQyn a`k`ryt @w~r#m| gn~n` ayt a#wQ q#nRm kOmk~ q? cn~qYQk`
kOm`rwOAg mhw~mQy wvmw~ @qmL jny`t vR as`{`rNkm| g#n nn~ @q`dvyQ. @m| r@tQ a#w~@w~ bthQr
anRgYhw~v@yn~ @qmL j`wQv`qWn~ sQAhlw~vyt hQmQ w#n ahQmQ kQrWm pQLQb[ pYX~nyk~ mQs a@nkk~ @n`vn bv
kr#NR shQwv p#h#qQlQ kr qW a#w~@wmQ. e~ a@p~ pY{`n pYv`qyyQ. ap kr#NR iqQrQpw~ krn~@n~ sms~wyk~ wOL
sAgw a`k`rykty. pYv`qyk~ n#wQv ktyRwO krn~@n`~ a#w#m| vQt awnQn~ @mwnQn~ asAgwv kr#NR
iqQrQpw~ kr swOrn~t a`yR{ spywQ.

19 v#nQ sQyv@s~ ag pv` @qmL nmQn~ h[En~vnR l#bR@y~ @vl~l`ln~ pmNk~ bv jW. bW. dW. q sQl~v` mhw`
s[hn~ kryQ. @m| @vl~l`l@y`~ bQrQw`nQ ytw~vQjQwv`qy wOL vRv q y`pn ar~{q~vWp@yhQ k^^r a`{Qpw&yk~
p#wQrvRh. ovRn~t avX& vR@y~ ytw~vQjQwv`qy wOL mRU r@tQm wm a`{Qpw& p#wQrvWmy. eyt bQrQw`nWn~@g~ q
sh`y l#bQNQ. @p`n~nm|blm| r`mn`qn~, @p`n~nm|blm| ar#N`clm|, a`nn~q kOm`rs~v`mQ a#wOU @p`n~nm|blm|
kOm`rs~v`mQ pvRl @q~Xp`ln h` sAs~k^wQk @k;wYvl a`{Qpw& q#r$h, @k`LB m{&y krgw~ a`r~}Qk@yhQ q
a`{Qpw& asQAhl@y`~ enm| @qmL, mRs~lQm,| @htQtQ, @b`~r a`qWhR q#r$h. sQAhl@y`~ kYm@yn~ wm ayQwWn~ il~l`
sQtQyh. vQ@X~;@yn~m sQAhl @b_q~{@y`~ {r~mp`l wOm`@g~ n`ykw~vy yt@w~ iqQrQyt e~mt ptn~ gw~h. @qmL
jny` awr @vl~l`lyn~ h#r a@nk~ @k`ts~ @qmL vR@y~ vQsQv#nQ sQyvs mRl vRvq sQAhlyn~t ev#nQ pYX~nyk~
@n`vWy. sQAhl@y`~ pN~dRk`xy rjR qvs sQAhlyn~ bvtq qEtRg#mRNR rjR qvs sQAhl, @b_q~{yn~ bvtq pw~v
sQtQyh. sQAhlyn~@g~ kOl kYmy @XY~NQ kYmyk~ vQy. sQylE kOlvl jny` sQAhl@y`~ vRh. sQyU kOlvl jny`@g~
vWry` vR@y~ qEtRg#mRNR rjy. vQsQv#nQ sQyv@s~ qW ovRn~t amRwO@vn~ sQAhl vWmt @qyk~ @n`wQbRNQ. {r~mp`lwOm`
@k@L~ ewOm` q#n sQtQ a`k`ryt sQAhlyn~@g~ iwQh`sy pYk`X kQrWm mQs a#w#mRn~ kQyn a`k`ryt a`r~y
sQAhl mQ}&`vk~ vpRrvmQn~ sQAhl j`wQyk~ alEwQn~ @g`d n#AvWm @n`@v|.

{r~mp`lwOm`@g~ v&`p`r@yhQ wr~jny qEtR bQrQw`nWhR wmn~ sQAhlynt s#pyR n`ykyn~@g~q upk`r@yn~
{r~mp`l wOm` pr`jy kLh. sQAhl bhRwry v&vs~}`q`yk@y~ sRUwry bvt pw~kQrWmt @qmL j`wQv`qy
avX& vQy. @k@s~ @vww~ kQsQm mgkQn~ bhRwryk~ sRUwryk~ kQrWmt @n`h#kQy. wmn~ a#wQkL n`ykyn~
g#n pRr~N vQX~v`sy wQbR sRq~@q`~ ({r~mp`l wOm` @m| kU sRq~qn~ n`ykyn~ vWm g#n a@g~t kQy` a#w.) 1931 qW
sRqE @n`vn @vnw~ rtkt pLmR lAk`vt sr~vjn Cn~qy qEn~h. sRq~qn~@g~ h` @vl~l`lyn~@g~ p#w~@wn~ b#lR
kl @my anRvN kYQy`vk~ vQy. sr~vjn Cn~qy smg r@tQ sQAhlyn~ bhRrwy b#vQn~ r`j& mn~wYN sx`@v|
sQAhl mn~wYW sAK&`v v#dQ vQy. 1947 vn vQt @qmL n`yk@y`~, vQ@X~;@yn~ m kYQs~wQy`nWhR, @k`LB m{&@y~
a`{Qpw& pQLQb[ aqhs aw~h#r uwOr# h` n#@gnhQr pL`w~vl @vnm r`j&yk~ @g`d n#gWmt ktyRwO kLh.
e~ pL`w~ s[h` @b`r# iwQh`syk~ nQr~m`Ny kLh. InQy` nQjxSmQ sAkl~pyq 1976 n~ psRv iqQrQpw~ @krQNQ.
h#w~w$ gNn~vl sQt @qmL j`wQv`qWhR a`yR{ gw~h. 19 v#nQ v&vs~}` sA@X`~{ny uwOr# h` n#@gnhQr
pL`w~ @qmL j`wQv`qyt qWm s[h` vr~wm`n@y~ bthQr avX&w` anRv kYQy` krn e~. j`. pk;y e~ s[h`
@gn e~mt aqhs~ kL pnw~vlQn~ mRl~ pnw vQy. pLmR@vn~m p`r~lQ@m|n~wOv vQsRr#v` h#rWmt jn`{QpwQnQy swO
blwl kp~p`qE kr wO@nn~ @q@k~ bhRwryk~ lb` g#nWm e. j`. pk;@y~ aqhs vQy. e@hw~ aq ey v&r~} vW
a#w. q#n~ agm#wQ pY{`n a`N~dRv kOmk~ kryQ q? ovRn~ krn~@n~ bthQryn~t avX& @q~y.

aq bthQr ytw~vQjQwv`q@y~ pY{`n sArcky bvt pw~ vW a#w~@w~ sAs~k^wQk sArckyyQ. @q~Xp`ln h`
a`r~}Qk sArck aq @qv#nQ w#nk~ gnQyQ. eyt @h~wOv bthQr ytw~vQjQwv`qy e~ @k;wY @q@khQ @b`@h`~ qErt
jygYhNy kr wQbWmy. InQy` jnw`krNyt h` vQv^w a`r~}Qkyt aq ewrm| wr~jnyk~ el~l @n`@v| @p`qE

© Prof. Nalin De Silva

 www.kalaya.org

@prmRN e~v`t vQr#q~{v krn uq~@G`~;N ewrm| Plq`yW @n`vn bv bthQr@y`~ qnQwQ. bthQr@y`~ e~ g#n
w#kWmk~ @n`krwQ. bthQryn~t pYX~nyk~ vn~@n~ sQAhlw~vyt hQmQ w#n ahQmQ kQrWmt e@rhQv @p`qE @prmRN
argl krn~@n~ nm|y. e~ kr#N sAs~k^wQk ytw~vQjQwv`qy smg b#qW a#w. bthQr@y`~ @p`qE @prmRN e~
argl@yn~ pQtw w#bWmt ktyRwO krwQ. pY{`n pYX~ny @vnRvt q~vQwWyQk pYX~nvlt v#qgw~ kmk~ qWmt @p`qE
@prmRN ktyRwO krn~@n~ @m| bthQr blp$m yt@w~y.

@p`qE @prmRN pY{`n pYX~ny @vnR@vn~ argl @n`krn~@n~ nm| sQAhlyn~ v#dQ kl~ @n`@g`s~ @vnw~ awk~
blnR a#w. @qmL j`wQv`qy pQLQb[ pYX~ny vQs@[n~@n~ n#@gnhQr pL`@w~ bv apQ kQhQp vw`vk~ kQy`
a#w~@wmR. mRs~lQm| jny` q uwOr# h` n#@gnhQr pL`w~ ek~ kQrWmt vQr#q~{ @vwQ. hqQsQ nWwQy yt@w~ ek~krn
lq uwOr# h` n#@gnhQr pL`w~ ek~ kQrWmt vQr#q~{ @vwQ. hqQsQ nWwQy yt@w~ ek~krn lq uwOr# h`
n#@gnhQr pL`w~ hqQsQ nWwQy ivw~ kQrWmw~ smg @vn~ vW a#w. klQn~ lQpQvl q kQy` a#wQ a`k`ryt aq kL
yRw~@w~ sQAhl mn~wYW sA{`ny q @y`~jn` kr a#wQ prQqQ n#@gnhQr pL`w s[h` @vnm a`N~dRk`rykO pw~
kQrWmy. eyt mRs~lQm| jny`q k#m#w~w pL kr a#w. @p`qE @prmR@N~ k;NQk argly e~ s[h` vQy yRwOy.
bthQryn~ agm#wQvry`t up@qs~ @qnR a#w~@w~ @k@s~ @h`~ p`r~lQ@m|n~wOv vQsRr#v` @n`h#r qQgtm ktyRwO
kQrWmt y#yQ sQwQy h#kQy. e~ s[h` jn`{QpwQnQyt p`r~lQ@m|n~wOv vQsRr#v` h#rWmt @n`h#kQ k`ly avRr#qE e@k~
sQt wOn qk~v` v#dQ kQrW@m| sQt n#vww~ @p`qE @prmR@N~ mn~wYWvr#n~ mQlqW g#nWm qk~v` v&`p^wQ a#wQ @k@rnR
a#w. InQy` h^qy s`k;Q vgn~wQy a#wOLw~ pNwk~ @vnw~ a`k`ryt @h`~ @gn e~mt uw~s`h qrnR a#w. e~
sQyl~l wQbQy qW @p`qE @prmRN n#@gnhQr pL`wt @vnm a`N~dRk`rykO pw~ kr g#nWmt ktyRwO kLyRwOy. in~
psRv sms~w @qmL j`wQv`qW pYX~ny n#vww~ m{&yt @gn a` yRwOy. uwOr# h` n#@gnhQr pL`w~vlt @vnm
p`lnyk~ qW@mn~ pYX~ny wvw~ ugY vW @q~XsWm` arglyk~ qk~v` pYX~ny vr~{ny vnR a#w. e~ pL`w~vlt
@vnm p`lnyk~ qWm iwQh`syt h` vr~wm`nyt pth#NQ bvq ey kL @n`h#kQ bv aq e. j`. pk;@y~ @k@s~
@vww~ @p`qE @prmRN av@b`~{ kr gw yRwOy. wmn~t avX& an~qmt m{&y h#sQrvWmt @n`h#kQv m{&@yn~
pY`n~wyt gQy @qmL j`wQv`qWn~ n#vww~ m{&yt @gn a` yRwOy. n#@gnhQr pL`wt @vnmm a`N~dRk`rykO
pw~ krn~@n~ nm| mRs~lQm| jny` q @vnm kl`p il~lWm ivw qm` n#vww~ m{&t p#mQ@NnR a#w.
sQAhlw~vyt hQmQ w#n ahQmQ @n`kr m{&@y~ bly @bq` hq` g#nWm (@bqWm @n`v) g#n ap kw` @k@L~
avRr#qE gNnkt @pry. q#n~vw~ @p`qE @prmR@N~ argly e~ @qst @y`mR kL yRwOy.

mh`c`r~y nlQn~ q sQl~v`

© Prof. Nalin De Silva