.

2009

.

.
:2G

-
.

:3G

-
.

:3GPP

.

.

:4G

).(GSM

.
.(IMT-2000) 2000 -

Accounting
:separation

.

.

.


.

Active
infrastructure
:sharing

Active optical
:network

:ADR
:ADSL

.





( .)TRAI 2002/19/EC
.




.

- Alternate dispute resolution

.
Asymmetric digital subscriber line

.
-


kbit/s 256
.
() .ITU-T G.992.1

257


:ADSL2

Asymmetric digital subscriber line 2

.2
( ITU-T G.992.3
.)ITU-T G.992.4

.


)(ADSL
.

:ADSL2+

:Adware

- Advertising-supported software
.

:AMPS

- Advanced mobile phone system

.

:Analogue

.
.

)(AMPS
)(NMT
).(TACS

( ).

:API

- Application program interface

.

:ARPU

- Average revenue per user

.

258

:ASN
Asymmetric
:regulation

:ATM

- Autonomous system number

.



.

- Asynchronous transfer mode

.

Asymmetric digital subscriber line 2

- plus
( .2 + .)ITU-T G.992.5

(ADLS2) 2

.

Analogue
:network

2009

:ATSC

Advanced Television Systems

- Committee

.
:AWS

- Advanced wireless services

.

:Backbone

.
.
.

.

:Backhaul

.

(
.)ITU-R F.1399

Bandwidth

:Base station

.
.
) (Hz
/ ) .(bit/s

.
./
.



.


:Basic service

.


.

:Best-efforts

.


.

:Bill and Keep

.
CPNP


.

.
"
" "."sender keeps all

) :Bit (binary digit ( ) .

.

1 .0
:Bit/s

Bit-stream
:access

:Blog

/ .
()
. :kbit/s :
) (1000 :Mbit/s
) (1 000 000
:Gbit/s )(1 000 000 000
:Tbit/s/:
) (1 000 000 000 000 .

2009

:Bluetooth

.


.
.

:BPL

- Broadband over power line

.

:Broadband

.

256
kbit/s .


) (DSL
) (FTTH
) (Ethernet
( )
) (WLAN .


) (CDMA2000
)(HSDPA

(1xEV- Evolution-Data Optimized

) DO.

.
.

.


.
. (
)
.
259


:Broadcast

.
.
.

:Browser

.
) (WWW
) (URL
) (http .

.

:BSS

.Broadcasting satellite service

.

:BWA

- Broadband wireless access

:Byte

) (1 .
.
) (2

.

:C-band

.C
.MHz 4200-3400

:CA

- Conditional Access

Cable modem

:CAGR

260

:CATV

:CDMA

.

.

- Cable television .

- Code division multiple access

.

.
:CDMA2000

.


( Mbit/s 2).

) .(ITU-T J.193 (04), 3.10

.

2009

:Cellular

:CERT

:Channel

Code division multiple access 2000

.2000

Qualcomm
CDMA2000 1x1xEV-DO
( )
( 1xEV-DV ).
""
.IMT-2000

.


.
Computer emergency response

- teams
.

.


( ).

Compound annual growth rate


:CIF/QCIF

Common intermediate format/

Quarter common intermediate
- format /

.

. CIF
352 288 QCIF
176 144.
Circuit-switched
:connection

:CLEC

Cloud

:computing

:CMTS

:CODEC

-


.

.
.

2009

:Cognitive radio .




.
:Collocation

( -)Co-location/Colocation
. -



.

:Connectivity

.

.

Competitive local exchange carrier

.
-
-

.
.



.
Cable Modem Termination System

.




.
.
/
.

:Convergence

Copresent user
:sharing

.





.
.

.

:Coverage

.

(

) (

).

:CPE

- Customer premises equipment

.

261


:CPNP

.Calling Party's Network Pays

.




.

:CPP

.Calling Party Pays

. .
"
"
.

:CSMA

- Carrier sense multiple access

.

:Cybersecurity

.

""

.

:DAB

- Digital audio broadcasting

:Dark fibre

.
.

:DECT
:Digital

262

:Digital network .


( ).
:DMB

- Digital multimedia broadcasting

.

( )

.
:DOCSIS

Data over cable systems interface

- specifications
(ITU-

) .T J.112
.

.
:DOCSIS2

Data over cable systems interface

- specifications 2

).(ITU-T J.122

2002

.
:Domain name

.
.

.


.

"ITU" itu.int

)."int" (gTLD

:DSA

- Dynamic spectrum access

.

.
.

Digital enhanced cordless standard

.
.
.

.

2009

.

.


:DSA

- Dynamic spectrum allocation

.

:DSL

- Digital subscriber line

:DSLAM

Digital subscriber line access

2009

:DVB

.
)(ADSL
) (ADSL2) (ADSL2+

) (SHDSL
) (SDSL
)(VDSL
(
) ).(xDSL

- multiplexer
.

- Digital video broadcasting

.


270
) (JTC
) (ETSI
) (CENELEC
) .(EBU

)DVB-C (Cable

) DVB-H (Handheld
( )
(Terrestrial Television) DVB-T

).(DVB-RCS

:DVB-H

- DVB-handheld
.

:DSP

- Digital signal processing

.

:DVB-T

- DVB-terrestrial
.

:DTH

- Digital-to-home

:E.164

) (PSTN
.

DTT :DTTV

- Digital terrestrial television

.

:EC

- European Commission
.

:DTV

- Digital television .

:E-commerce

.


.

:Duct

.
( )
.

.


.
" " ).(DBS

:ECOWAS

Economic Community of West

- African States
.

263


:EDGE

Enhanced data rates for GSM

- evolution

.

2G 2.5G
) .(GPRS

) (TDMA
).(GSM


)( (EDGE
)EGPRS



.
EDGE
) (EGPRS

.



).(EGPRS

:End user

End-user
:sharing

:ENUM

264

.

( ).
.

(
)

.
.
) (IETF
) (DNS

) .(URL




.

2009

:EPOP

- Expanding point of profitability

.

.


.
Essential (also
critical or
)bottleneck
:facilities

:Ethernet

:ETSI

( ).

.
.

.
.
Gbit
.Gbit/s 1


.
European Telecommunications
- Standards Institute

:EU

- European Union .

:EUR

. (

)

:EV-DO

Evolution-Data Optimized or
.Evolution-Data only
EV-DO EVDO
EV

Ex-ante and ex:post regulation

.








.

:FDC

.Fully distributed costs

:FDM

- Frequency division multiplexing

.

:FEC

- Forward error correction

.

:Fixed line

.
.

)( (PSTN
) .

:FM

- Frequency modulation
.

:FMC

- Fixed-mobile convergence
.

:FMI

- Fixed mobile integration

.

:FON

- Fibre optic network

.

) .(ITU-T Q.1761 (04), 3.6

(IMT-2000) 2000-



.

2009

:Frequency

.
( .(Hz

800 900

:FSS

- Fixed satellite service

.

:FTR

.Fixed termination rates

.

:FTTH

- Fibre to the home

-

:FTTx

- Fibre-to-the-x x

.MHz 1 800

. .FTTx

x ) (FTTH
) (FTTB ) (FTTC
) .(FTTN
.

:Full unbundling ( .
) -


)(MDF
.



.ADSL
.
Functional
(or also
)operational
:separation

:FWA

( ) .
(
)
(
)

.

- Fixed wireless access

.

265


:Gateway

. .

.

:GATS

General Agreement on Trade in

:GDP

- Gross domestic product

:GMPCS

Global mobile personal

:GPS

:GSM

- communications by satellite

.

:GNI

- Gross national income

:GNP

- Gross national product

:GPRS

- General packet radio service

266

.


.
.


) .(GSM
" "2.5G
)(2G
) (3G .



).(GSM

Global system for mobile

- communications
.
.


:

.
.


.



:
.

- Global positioning system

. ""

24 ") "(Navstar



. 10
100 .
GLONASS
Galileo .

- Services
.
.

.

2009

.http://www.gsmworld.com

:GSR

www.itu.int/ITU-D/treg/bestpractices.html

:Headend

.

.

.

:HD

- High definition .

:HDR

- Hardware-defined radio
.

:HDTV

- High-definition television

.

NTSC PAL .SECAM


16:9

.4:3


:HFC

- Hybrid fibre/coaxial

:HFC

- Hybrid fibre copper

.

:Hotspot

-
) .(WLAN


.


.

/ .


.

:HSUPA

:HSCSD
:HSDPA

High-speed downlink packet access

( 3.5G " )"3 G

( Mbit/s 10-8Mbit/s 20

)MIMO
MHz 5 )(W-CDMA
.


) (AMC
) (MIMO
) (HARQ

.

HTTP :HTTPS

) HTTP .(HTTPS
)(HTTP

HTTPS .
HTTP
) .(SSL

.HTTPS

. .

High speed uplink packet access

) (HSDPA




.Mbit/s 5,7


.

High-speed circuit switched data

2009

:Hz
:ICT

.
.
Information and communication
- technologies

.


.

:IEC

International Electronical
- Commission

.
:IEEE

Institute of Electrical and

- Electronics Engineers

:IM

- Instant messaging
.

267


:IMS

- IP multimedia subsystem

.

) (NGN

.

) (VoIP
)(3GPP
) (SIP
.
(
).
:IMT-2000

International Mobile
Telecommunications-2000
.2000-

""
.

.www.itu.int/imt :

:Incumbent

.

.

:Interconnection .

.




.
Interconnection
:charge

International
:gateway

268

.

-
.
.
(
/
)
.

2009

.
International
:mobile roaming

.
:Internet

Internet

:backbone

Internet content
:provider

.

)( (IP ).)(IP
.


.
.

.

:Internet TV

.
.



.

:Internet video

.

.

:IP

- Internet protocol .

:IP telephony

- Internet protocol telephony

.

/ ).(TCP/IP

.
VoIP


:IPR

- Intellectual property rights

:IPTV

.



.

- Internet protocol television

:ITU

:IPv4

- IP version 4
.

:IXP

:IPv6

- IP version 6
.

:IRU

- Indefeasible right of use

:ISDB

.



.


.


)( (WIPO
)
( )
)(WTO

).(TRIPS

.

.

:ISM

:ISP

- Internet service provider

.

:IT

- Information technology
.

.
) (IAP

.

.

International Telecommunication
- Union .

. .www.itu.int/ :

- Internet exchange point

.


).(IP

:LAN

Integrated services digital

- broadcasting

Integrated services digital network

.

.

Industrial, science and medical

) - (spectrum band

:ISDN

2009

- Local area network

.
.

.


.
"
) ."(WAN

.WLAN

:Last mile

.
.

269

2009

.


.

:LRIC

.Long-run incremental costs

:LTE

:LDC

- Least developed countries

. 49

- Long-term evolution
.

:Malware

.

.

:Leased line

.

.


.

:MAN

- Metropolitan area network

.

:LF

- Low frequency .

:Licensing

.


.

:Line sharing

.






.

:LLU

- Local loop unbundling

.

:Local loop

.
.


.

Layered

:architecture

Market efficiency
:gap

:MBMS

.



.
Multimedia broadcast multicast
- service

.
) (3GPP

) (3G.
:MDF

- Main distribution frame

) .(ITU-T Q.9 (88), 5005

:MDG

- Millennium Development Goals

( )2000
.

.
( ULL ).

270

:MediaFLO

- Media forward link only

.


:Media gateway

.

)(PSTN

2 2.5 .3


)(ATM
).(IP

:Mesh network

.
.

""
.

:Mobile

-

.

Mobile banking
:or m-banking

:Mobile TV

:MOS

- Mean opinion score

.

:MP3

- MPEG-1 audio layer-3

3 MPEG( MPEG-1
) .

( 1/12
)
.

- Moving Pictures Experts Group

.

.
MPEG-2

. MPEG-4


.
:MPLS

.
.
.

.

.

:MPEG

2009

:MSAN

- Multi-protocol label switching

.

.



(
) .
MPLS
) (IP
.

- Multi-service access nodes

.

)(ISDN
DSL
.
:MSP

- Multi-stakeholder partnerships
.

:MSS

- Mobile satellite service

.

:MTR

- Mobile termination rate

.

271


:Multicast

.
.
) (Unicast
).(Broadcast

:Multimedia

.
( )
.


.

2009

:Net Neutrality

Network
:topology

.




.
.
.

:NGAN

- Next-generation access network

.

:Multiplex

.
.

:NGCN

- Next-generation core network

.

:MVNE

- Mobile virtual network enabler

.

:NGN

- Next-generation network
.

:MVNO

- Mobile virtual network operator

.

.
:MVPD

- Network Access Point

.

) .(ITU-T Q.1290 (98), 2.150

.
)National (mobile
:roaming

272

:Node

. .
.

:NRA

- National regulatory authority

.

Multichannel video-program

- distributors
.

:NAP

.

)(PSTN
()
.

() .


.

Number
:portability

.

.



(
)ISDN
.


:OECD

:OFDM

Organisation for Economic

- Co-operation and Development

.
Orthogonal frequency division
- multiplexing

.



.


) (LANs.
:Open access

Overlay
spectrum
:sharing

:Packet

.
.

:Packet-based

.
.

).(Circuit-switched connection

:PAN

) - Personal Area Network (PAN

.

(
)
.

.

(
.)2002/19/EC

) .Private branch exchange (PBX

.

.
:PCM

- Pulse code modulation

.

:PCO

- Public call office

.

:PCS

- Personal communication services

.

.MHz 1 900

.MHz 1 800

.


(info Dev 2005).
.

.

Passive
infrastructure
:sharing

:PBX

2009

:PDA

- Personal digital assistant

.

:PDH

- Plesiochronous digital hierarchy

.

.



.
:Peering

.


.



.
273


:Pharming

.


.

:Phishing

.



.

:Penetration

.
(
) (
)
( ).

:PLC

- Power line communications

.

POI

point of interconnection - among

:PON

.Passive optical network

( )


.

:POP

- Point of presence .

.
Hz 60-50
.MHz 1

.networks
.

:Portal

.
.


.



.

:PPP

.Public-private partnership
.


.

:PPP

- Purchasing power parity

.


.

:Private network .




.
Private
ownership/
:Privatization

:Protocol

).(WDM

274

2009

:PSTN

/ .




.



.
.

.
Public switched telephone network

.

.


:PTO

Public telecommunication operator

:PVR

- Personal video recorder

:QoS

- Quality of service .

:RFID

- Radio-frequency identification

:Rights of way

.




.

:RIA

.Regulatory Impact Assessment

.

:RIO

- Reference interconnection offer

.

.

( ""
) .

" ".

.

.
( DVR ).

.



.
.

.



.

2009

:RPNP

.Receiving PartyNetwork Pays

:RPP

.Receiving party pays

. " "

.


.

. .CPP
:RTSP

- Real time streaming protocol

.



.

:PTT

:SCLS

- Submarine cable landing station

.

:SDH

- Synchronous digital hierarchy

.

.PTO

.
.

( G.707
)G.708

Synchronous optical network

) .(SONET

) (SDH ) (SONET :
SONET
SDH .




).(SDH

:SDR

- Software-defined radio
.

.

275


:SDSL

- Symmetrical DSL

:Server

(1) .


(2) .

.

Service
:neutrality

.

.


).(SHDSL

:SES
:SHDSL

- Single pair high-speed DSL

.

:SIM

- Session Initiation Protocol

.
MMUSIC
) (IETF




. 2000


) (3GPP

) .(IMS

.H.323



.

) (VoIP

.

G.991.2

.

:Site sharing

:SLA

- Service level agreement

.
(


)
)(CCS

.

:SME

)- Small and medium enterprise(s

.

Subscriber identification module

) - (card () .

:SMP

- Significant market power

.

:SMTP

- Simple mail transfer protocol

:Softswitch

.

.

) .(GSM


.
.

276

:SIP

.

.

- Satellite Earth station

.

Signaling
:gateway

2009

.



.

.

.
.


:Spam

Spectral
:efficiency

:Spectrum

Spectrum
:commons

Spectrum

:reassignment
Spectrum
:trading

Spread-spectrum
:technology

.



.
.

.
.



.
.


.

:TACS

:TCP

.


.
.
.


.

:SS7

:STB

- Set-top box .

.

.
Total access communication

- systems
)(TACS
- Transmission control protocol
/
.

.

/ .

:TCP/IP

.

.

.7


.

:Switch

2009

Transmission control

- protocol/Internet protocol
/
.

:TDCDMA

Time division Code division

- multiple access

:TDMA

- Time division multiple access

.

( ).


.


.
(
)
.

277


:TD-SCDMA

Time division synchronous code - division multiple access

:Transcoding

. ( -)
.


.

:Transit

.
) (ISP
ISP
ISP
""

.

:Triple play

.

.

) (3G
)(CATT
Datang Siemens AG
"
" .

) (TDD
)(FDD

).(W-CDMA
Technology:neutral

:Teledensity

:TISPAN

.

.
.
100 .
.
Telecoms and Internet converged
services and protocols for
- advanced networks

.
).(ETSI
:Total teledensity .

100 . .
:TPC

Traffic exchange
:point

278

- Transmit power control

.


.

2009

:True access gap .

.
Ubiquitous
:computing

-



.

:UDP

- User datagram protocol

.

:UHF

- Ultra high frequency

)(MHz 862/806-698

:ULL

- Unbundled local loop. See LLU.

. .LLU

:UMB

- Ultra-mobile broadband
.

.




.


:UMTS

Universal mobile

- telecommunications system
.

:VANS

UN
Underlay
spectrum
:sharing

:Unicast

:Universal access .
.



.
:USD

- United States dollar

:USO

- Universal service obligations

.

.
UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access
- Network

.
:UWB

- Ultra-wideband .

:VAN

- Value-added network.
.

Very-high-data-rate digital
- subscriber line

( .
.)ITU-T G.993.1
) (DSL
Mbit/s 52
.

.

) (UWB

.

).(Broadcast

:UTRAN

:VDSL

.
.
" " ) (Multicast""

- Value-added network services

.

.

.
.

)(IMT-2000

).(W-CDMA


.www.umts-forum.org/ :

- United Nations .

2009

:VHF

- Very high frequency

.

:VHS

- Video home system

.

:VLAN

- Virtual local area network

.

:VoD

- Video on Demand
( .)ITU-T J.127 (04), 3.3

.



.
""

""
.

279

Voice over
broadband or
Voice over DSL

):(VoDSL

:WDM

- Voice over IP
.

(

).
:VPN

- Virtual private network

.

:VPO

- Village phone operator

.

:VSAT

- Very small aperture terminal

:WAN

- Wide area network

.

.



.

.

.

3 10
.

Wideband code division multiple

- access

.

(IMT-2000) 2000-
.

) .(UMTS .CDMA

.


.

).(VoIP

:VoIP

:W-CDMA

2009

Wave division multiplexing

-



.

:Web 2.0

- 2.0

:WiBro

) (IEE 802.16x
.
.2006

:Wi-Fi

- Wireless fidelity

:Wiki

.

802.11b
) (WLAN
.
Wi-Fi

).(LAN


.

280


:WiMAX

-
-

)(IEEE 802.16

Mbit/s 70 50.

.

:Wireless

.

.

:WLAN

- Wireless local area network

.

:WLL

- Wireless local loop

:WRC

ITU World Radiocommunication

()
.

.IEEE 802.11

:WSIS

.


.

2009

WTO Agreement
):(GATS

:xDSL

.

.
1997
70
.



.


ADSL
( )HDSL
(
)( VDSL
).

) (ADSL
) (SHDSL

).(VDSL

- Conference
.
The United Nations World Summit
- on the Information Society

( )
10 12 2003
( )
16 18 .2005

.www.itu.int/wsis :

281