Chemistry Study Guide

May 8, 2013

Brielle Anderson Important Factors: Increas

e Temper ature

Chemical Equilibrium

-The rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction.

Le Chateliers Principle:
Temperature Pressure and Concentration affect equilibrium.

favors endothermic reaction. reactants decrease, products increase.

Decreas Favors exothermic e reaction. reactants Temper decrease, products ature

increase.

Press ure

Increase pressureshift toward side with less moles Decrease PressureShift toward side with more moles

Increa se Conce ntrati on

Decrea se Conce ntratio n

other reactant decreases. reaction shift toward opposite side. products increase other reactant increases. reaction shift toward same side. products decrease.

+
Reaction Rate
Measures the increase in product or decrease in the reactant. -Rate= k[A]x[B]y

Ideal Gas Law

Combined Gas Law:

-Boyles and Charles Law The Ideal Gas Law relates combined pressure, temperature, and P1V1=P2V2 volume of an ideal or T1 T2 perfect gas. The Ideal Gas Law can be expressed with the Individual Gas Constant: R= 0.0821 p V = m R atm/mole*k T

Avogadros Law (gasses):

-Quantity- Volume direct relationship

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Daltons Law of Partial Pressure: -The total pressure of a mixture of gasses is

qual to the sum of the partial pressure of each individual gas. -P
Total

=P

gas 1

+P

gas 2

+P

gas 3

..

Acids
-Electrolyte -Sour Arrhenius Acid: releases H+ ions in an aqueous solution. Bronsted- Lowry acid: Proton (H+) donor Lewis Acid: Electron-pair acceptor -Electrolyte -Bitter

Bases

Arrhenius Base: releases OH- in an aqueous solution.

Bronsted- Lowry base: Proton (H+) acceptor

Lewis Base: Electron-pair donor

Acid- Base Titration:

-Used to determine the concentration of an acid or a base. -When the indicator changes colorthis indicated neutralization has occurred and the end point of titration.

MAVA=MBVB
Dolor Sit Amet 2

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pH= -log[H3O+] or [H+] pOH= -log[OH-] pH + pOH = 14

pH and pOH

Strong acids and weak bases have high ionization levels

Amphorteric: can behave both as an acid and a base Dolor Sit Amet 3