Phn th ba

Phn th ba

ng dng thang m trong m nhc ngu hng

Cho n thi im ny cc bn bit thang m v cch luyn tp cc thang m thng dng nht. Mt cu hi c t ra l: thang m c dng trong m nhc ngu hng nh th no? Nu ta so snh m nhc vi ngn ng ta c th thy thang m l bng ch ci, khng phi l mt bi th. Ta cn phi bit bng ch ci, ng php, t vng, nh vn trc khi vit c t ng, cu ri n c mt bi th. Tng t nh vy, bn cn phi bit thang m trc khi bn c th sng to m nhc. Ta h y xem cc v d v cch s dng thang m trong ngu hng. Trong V d 3-1, Freddie Hubbard chi thang m Ab Mixo bebop trn hp m Ab7 trong bi You Are My Everything ca Harry Warren V d 3-1

V d 3-2 Hubbard chi thang m F Mixo bebop i xung trn tin trnh II-V (Cm7-F7) trong bi Hub Tones

V d 3-3 Hubbard chi thang m D Mixo bebop i xung trong bi For Spees Sake

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ng dng thang m trong m nhc ngu hng V d 3-4 John Coltrane chi thang m Ionian bebop i xung trong phn solo bi Moments Notice

V d 3-5 Cng trong phn solo tng t, John Coltrane chi thang m Mixo bebop i xung.

V d 3-6 John Coltrane chi thang m Mixo bebop i xung trong phn solo bi La zy Bird

V d 3-7 John Coltrane chi thang m Mixo bebop i xung trong phn solo bi La zy Bird

V d 3-8 John Coltrane chi thang m Mixo bebop i xung trong phn solo bi La zy Bird theo vng II-V (Am7 - D7)

V d 3-9 Sonny Stitt chi thang F Mixo bebop i xung trong phn solo bi The Eternal Triangle theo vng II-V.

H y chi V d 3-10 v nghe m thanh ca Woody Shaw solo trong bi In Case You Havent Heard dng thang m Db Pentatonic trng.

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Phn th ba V d 3-10

V d 3-11 Art Tatum chi thang m C Pentatonic trong bi Three Little Words ca Harry Ruby.

V d 3-12 Bud Power chi Eb Pentatonic trong bi So Sorry, Please

V d 3-13 Mulgrew chi thang m E Pent. trn hp m Bm7, E7 v thang m A Pent. trn hp m A trong bi Wingspan

Chi V d 3-14 v lng nghe Lee Morgan chi thang m Eb pent. trn hp m Ab, thang m Pent. V trn hp m I trong bi Totem Pole

V d 3-15, Woody Shaw chi thang m Pent. V trn hp m I (Db Pent. trn hp m Gb) trong bi Rose wood (Nt A bnh l nt lt chromatic).

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ng dng thang m trong m nhc ngu hng

V d 3-16 Woody Shaw chi thang m F Pent. trn hp m Bb cng trong bi Rose wood

V d 3-17 Woody Shaw chi thang m Bb Pent. trn hp m Eb trong bi Organ Grinder

V d 3-18 Jamey Aebersold chi tin trnh II - V - I v dng thang m Pent. V (G pent. trn tin trnh Dm7 - G7 - C)

Ngi ta thng chi thang m Pentatonic trn tin trnh II - V - I nh sau: hp m bc II, chi thang m Pent. I, IV, v V (Dm7 dng C, F, G Pent. trng) hp m bc V, chi thang m Pent. V (G7 dng thang m G Pent. trng) hp m bc I, chi thang m Pent. I v Pent. V (C dng thang m C v G Pent. trng) tin trnh II - V - I, chi thang m Pent. V (Dm7 - G7 - C, dng thang m G Pent. trng) (Xem thm phn I) Joe Henderson chi thang m Gb pent. trn hp m Ebm7 v Dbm7 trong bi Pretty Eyes ca Horace Silver. Ebm7 v Dbm7 l hp m bc II ca gi ng Db v Cb. Thang m Gb pent. l thang m Pent. IV ging Db v l Pent. V ca ging Cb. V d 3-19

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Phn th ba Woody Shaw chi thang m Bb Pent. trn hp m Gm7 v Fm7 trong v d sau. V d 3-20

Mt v d na ca Woody Sha w chi thang m Pent. II trn hp m Lydian (Db Pent. trn hp m Cb#4) trong v d sau, bi In Case You Havent Heard V d 3-21

H y xem Joe Henderson chi thang m E Pent. trn hp m D trong bi Gaslight V d 3-22

Thang m Pentatonic th v thang m Blues thng c dng thay th cho nhau. V d 3-23 gii thiu 2 cu tng t nhau trn C7 #9. Cc nt cu u ly t thang m C Pent. th, cc nt cu th hai ly t thang m C Blues. V d 3-23

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ng dng thang m trong m nhc ngu hng V d 3-24 Freddie Hubbard chi thang m Blues trong phn solo ca bi Big Bertha ca Duke Pearson.

V d 3-25 Freddie Hubbard chi thang m Bb Blues i xung trong phn solo ca bi Hub Tones.

Mt iu ht sc th v l thang m Blues c th chi trn ba hp m c bn ca gi ng iu. Chng hn ta c th dng thang m C Blues chi trn ba hp m C7, F7, G7. V d 3-26

Nt F l nt trnh ca hp m C7 v n vang ln rt kh nghe khi chi cng vi C7. Nt Bb l nt trnh ca hp m F7, nt Gb v nt C l nt trnh v khng vang ln tt vi hp m G7. Ti sao cng mt thang m Blues - c nhiu nt sai nh vy - li vang ln tt khi c nhng nhc s nhc Jazz hay Blues chi trn ba hp m Blues c bn. l iu khng th gii thch c khi ly l thuyt m nhc phng Ty phn tch. V d 3-27 Joe Henderson chi thang m C Pent. th trong bi African Queen ca Horace Silver

V d 3-28 Woody Shaw chi thang m E Pent. th trong phn solo bi Gichi ca Kenny Barron

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Phn th ba

Chng ta hc phn trc cc mu thang m v s dng ch ng luyn tp. thc cht l s m phng, nhc li cc mu thang m cc cao khc nhau. Trong cc phn solo ca cc nhc s ln thng xut hin rt nhiu m phng cc mu thang m. C hai loi m phng: M phng giai iu: L s nhc li mt m hnh hay mu thang m mt cao khc, khng nht thit l phi chnh xc v tit tu. m hnh m phng khng cn c cu trc qu ng ging nh mu thang m nguyn gc nhng thng c cng mt hnh dng. M phng tit tu: L s nhc li mt m hnh tit tu m cc nt nhc khng cn thit phi nhc li cao khc.

Ta h y xem Mulgrew Miller solo trong bi Four ca Miles Davis. ng dng mt mu m hnh thang m v m phng n cc cao khc nhau nhng c cng mt m hnh tit tu. V d 3-29

Mt v d na cng ca Mulgre w Miller trong bi Wingspan dng mu thang m bn nt. V d 3-30

V y l giai iu ca McCoy Tyner bi Lady Day ca Wayne Shorter dng mu m hnh bn nt: V d 3-31

Trong bi Dolphin Dance Herbie Hancock chi cc mu bn nt i ln. Lu rng cch sp xp hp m tay tri cc v d ny. m gc E v Eb l m nn c chi bi ngh s bass - Ron Carter.

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ng dng thang m trong m nhc ngu hng V d 3-32

V d 3-33

H y xem Joe Henderson chi mu n gin ba nt bi Bonita ca Horace Silver: V d 3-34

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Phn th ba Mt v d na cng ca Joe Henderson chi mu 6 nt v ch thay i nt Bb thnh B cui nhp th hai. V d 3-35

Quay tr li vi Herbie Hancock, v d ny ng chi mu lun phin qu ng ba i ln ri i xung qu ng 4, trong bi Youre My Everything ca Harry Warren. V d 3-36

V d sau Herbie chi mu thang m ln v xung phn solo ca mnh trong bi Lament For Booker ca Freddie Hubbard. V d 3-37

V d di y, Herbie chi mu thang m vi tit tu trong bn Maiden Voyage. V d 3-38

Trong phn solo ca Herbie trong bn The Eye of The Hurricane gii thiu mu bn nt v nm nt. ng bn tm n nt A khng thuc v hp m Fm m Herbie c chi ra ngoi phm vi ho thanh. V d 3-39

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ng dng thang m trong m nhc ngu hng Trong bn All Of You Herbie chi mu hai nt (xung qu ng ba, ln qu ng bn) c sp xp theo chm ba. V d 3-40

Trong v d tip theo ng cng dng mu chm ba, sau nh c li m hnh 5 nt h xung na cung. V d 3-41

Di y l mt s v d ca Freddie Hubbard, ng cng l mt ngi s dng cc mu m hnh v m phng n mt cch hon ho. V d 3-42 trong bi Gaslight ca Duke Pearson, v V d 3-43 trong phn solo bi Little One ca Herbie Hancock.

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Phn th ba V d 3-42

V d 3-43

V d di y ca John Coltrane trong phn solo bi Locomotion, dng mu thang m bn nt. Nt u ca mu l nt tip cn chromatic vo m nm ca hp m ba. V d 3-44

V d di y trch trong phn solo ca Lee Morgan trong bi Locomotion ca John Coltrane. ng thay th hp m Bb7 bng hp m ba Bb v trc mi nt trong hp m ng dng mt nt tip cn chromatic i ln. V d 3-45

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ng dng thang m trong m nhc ngu hng Mu hp m ba cng c Mulgre w dng trong phn solo ca bi Wingspan. ng dng m phng cc hp m ba i ln theo mu m 3-1-3-5 trong mi hp m ba ng thi m phng theo thang m th giai iu F, G, Ab, Bb, C, D, E, F. V d 3-46

Li mt v d na ca Herbie Hancock chi hp m ba phn solo bi All Of You ca Cole Porter. Tn mi hp m c lit k di mi nhp. Mt s nt ng chi dng nh khng nm trong hp m (chng hn nh hp m ba E khng thuc v C7) nhng l chi ra ngoi phm vi ho thanh ca ng. V d 3-47

Freddie Hubbard chi hp m ba F trng theo mu bn nt qua cc hp m khc nhau. Trch trong bi Angola ca Wayne Shorter.

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Phn th ba V d 3-48

Di y l mt mu solo trong bi Stella By Starlihgt ca Mulgrew dng m hnh bn nt vi hp m ba. V d 3-49

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ng dng thang m trong m nhc ngu hng

Luyn tp, Luyn tp v Luyn tp

Jazz l th loi m nhc ngu hng, tc th, v vy n yu cu mt s chu n b rt cng phu. Nhng quyt nh trong thi khc l mt yu cu quy tc cho d bn c chi mt bn nhc tc nhanh cng vi nhng nhc s khng quen bit hay l bn All the things you are m bn chi hng nghn ln. Nu khng c s chun b tt bn khng th c kinh nghim chi ngay tc th. Nhng chu n b nh th no? l luyn tp. Mi nhc s chi Jazz u c chu trnh luyn tp ring. Luyn tp nhc c ca bn nhiu gi hng ngy khng lm cho bn tr thnh nhc s gii tr phi bn bit phI luyn tp ci g v luyn tp nh th no. To ra m nhc khi luyn tp Ngay c khi tp thang m v bi tp h y to ra m nhc, ng n thun ch l thang m v bi tp. H y chi vi tm hn v x c cm m nh lit. Luyn tp ch v giai iu sao cho hay nht v bin n thnh ca ring bn. Rt nhiu bn nhc Jazz, c bit l cc bn Ballads bao gm ch , mt cht solo ri tr li giai Iu. Iu ny c ngha l hu ht khi chi nhc bn ch chi giai iu ch khng phI ngu hng. H y nghe McCoy Tyner chi giai iu album Search for peace hay Coltrane chI giai iu cc bI I wish I knew Nancy with the laughing face v Say it over and over again v nghe Kenny Dorham Alone together. Tt c u l nhng bi ch c giai iu m khng c phn solo. Luyn tp mi th tt c cc ging iu. Luyn tp mi th tt c cc ging iu. Mi th ngha l: B, tin hnh b, licks (m tp ngn) mu cu, v c bit l tc phm. Sau khi bn bit mt tc phm h y tp n cc ging khc nhau. iu ny s soi sng tt c nhng im yu ca bn, ni vi bn ngay lp tc phi luyn tp ci g. Bc nhy vt thc s ca cc nhc s thnh cng khng phi l khi h chi c tt c cc licks m l h c th chi chng trn tt c cc ging v bt c bi no. Bn chi thnh tho cc ging kh nh B, E, A, Gb, v D n mc no? Bi All the things you are c vng II V I ging E, bi I didnt know what time it was bt u vi vng II V ging E v D. Bn Have you met Miss Jones c vng II V I c ging Gb v ging D. Bn Crisis ca Freddie Hudbard ging B. Tng t vi cc bn Giant Steps v Central Park West ca Coltrane, Children of the night ca Wayne Shorter,Gaslight ca Duke Pearson ging E. Bn Tune up ca Miles Davis v Reflections In D ca Duke Ellington ging D. Nu khng tp qua cc ging ny bn s khng bao gi chi c nhng bn ny mt cch d dng. Mt cch rt tt tng thm kh nng chi trn mi ging l ly mt bn nhc m bn thuc nht, chi qua ging c vi tt c cc licks, mu m hnh, cu, b, ho thanh v.v.. v ri chi li bi cao hn mt na cung vi y tt c cc licks, mu m hnh, cu, b , ho thanh v.v.. Bn s bit ngay nhng g cn luyn tp. Luyn tp nhng im yu Khi luyn tp h y tp trung vo nhng vn m bn chi khng tt. Gi s bn ang luyn tp mt m tp 12 ging, ging no gy cho bn kh khn nht? H y quay tr li tp li m tp ging . Bn c th chi mt m tp hp m F#7alt cng nhanh nh C7alt? H y u t thm thi gian vo tp F#7alt cho n khi chi d nh l C7alt.
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Phn th ba Sau khi din tp hay biu din h y ngh li nhng phn no bn cm thy chi cha c tt, v bt u phn luyn tp ti vi phn y. Khi bn xc nh c nhng im yu, bn s bit chnh xc phi luyn tp ci g. Nu bn ch c thi gian tp c hn, ch cn cm nhc c v tp 15 ph t v bn bit chnh xc phi tp g ri. Tc n t s ng n Nu bn tp mt ci g tc nhanh, v chng t c g tt hn, h y tp chm li. Tc n t s ng n v thoi mi. Nu bn chi g ng v chnh xc th sau bn c th chi nhanh hn. Kha cnh xc gic v th gic Cc cch tip thu m nhc v tai nghe (C7alt vang ln nh th ny), v l thuyt (C7alt l mode th by ca Db th giai iu), v xc gic (C7alt c cm gic nh th ny), v th gic (C7alt nhn nh th ny) u quan trng nh nhau. Khi McCoy Tyner hay Gary Bartz ang chi, h chng bao gi ngh rng Vng II V, bc by phi i xung na cung. H bit iu ri, t rt nhiu nm trc. V by gi h bit mi th nhn, vang ln v c cm gic nh th no trong nhc c ca h. H y nhn thc c kha cnh m nhc ny cng nh m thanh v l thuyt. L thuyt l v nhng con s, v bn mun v-t qua bn kia nhng con s . Khi luyn tp, du n th gic v nhng nt nhc bn chI bt u t mt, v du n xc gic bt u t ngn tay, bn tay, cnh tay v chn bn (nu bn l ngi chi trng hay Piano). Tr nh ca bn v mt on nhc, c th l m tip, cu, hay ton b tc phm, l tip thu qua s nhc li lin tc (ni cch khc l luyn tp), v bao gm bn phn: Tai nghe, hay m nhc vang ln nh th no. (C7alt vang ln nh th ny) L thuyt, hay bn ngh nh th no v m nhc (C7alt l mode th by ca Db th giai iu) Xc gic, hay m nhc c cm gic nh th no (C7alt c cm gic nh th ny) Th gic, hay m nhc nhn nh th no (C7alt nhn nh th ny)

Nhng ngi chi piano c thun li v th gic hn nhng ngi chi nhc c khc v piano l nhc c c cc phm mu sc . Cc nt trn piano c c mu en v mu tr ng, v mi ging u c cc mu khc nhau. Ging G trng c su nt trng v thm mt nt en l F#. Ging Bb c 5 nt trng v thm nt Bb v Eb. iu ny khng ng vi cc nhc c khc. Cc nt Trompete hay Saxophone u cng mt mu, guitar v bass cng nh vy. Ch c piano l cc nt c mu sc khc nhau. Licks v patterns (m tp v m hnh) Bn nn luyn tp cc m tp v m hnh tt c ngn tay, b n o, v m t tr nn ng b c th chi thoi mi trong mi tnh hung m nhc. M tp v m hnh phi tr thnh mt phn tim thc m nhc ca bn, nh mt th vin trong bn v bn c th li ra bt c lc no. Mc ch ca bn l pht trin tng m nhc ca ring bn, hay sng to ra cc m tp ca ring mnh. M tp v m hnh s lun c chi nhiu hn trong cc bn nhc tempo nhanh, v u c bn khng th c thi gian ngh v xp th tay da vo nhng g bit v chc chn ri. Dng m tp v m hnh luyn tp cho quen tay, nhng ng c g ng p dng hon ton chng khi bn solo. c li ni rng, h y hu ht mi ngi solo v i luyn tp m tp v m hnh. Khi luyn tp, bn c th lo rng bn s tp v n cp ht cc m tp ca cc nhc s khc. S s h i ny tht ht sc v l. Ch rt t nhc s c th chi ging c ngi khc. Cc nt nhc ca bn khng lm cho bn tr thnh mt nhc s. Trc ht, nu bn c s nhy cm m nhc, ngi gim th trong bn s ngn khng cho bn copy ca ngi khc qu nhiu. Nu bn l ngi chi tenor, bn c th tp cc mu m hnh ca Coltrane sut i, nhng Iu khng c ngh a l bn s tp ht cc mu

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ng dng thang m trong m nhc ngu hng y m khng c tnh sng to. Cch t mi, s dng hi, s kh o lo ca cc ngn tay s khng ging Coltrane. Quan trng hn tt c, chng ai c th c kinh nghim cuc sng nh chnh bn c. Ghi m Mt nhc s khn ngoan tng ni: Cu tr li cho tt c cc cu hi n m trong phng ca bn. C mt ngi thy th tht qu gi, v cc quyn sch c th gip c mt phn, nh-ng mt b s-u tp cc a nhc s cha ng tt c mi th m bn cn bit . H y hc cch ghi m ngay v luyn cho tt. Cch tt nht h c mt bn nhc l ghi m n t a nhc, cn mt bn nhc trn giy th thng ch c giai iu v k hiu hp m. Khi bn ghi m, chnh bn c mi lin h rt nhiu vi m nhc. Bn s nghe c mi th: do nhc, giai u, hp m, solos, b bass, trng, dng thc ca bi, cc on chen, cc on kt, cao tro, s nh hng ln nhau ca cc nhc s, cng thm ni dung xc cm ca cc cuc biu din. Bn ch c th c mi th bng cch nghe cn thn cc a nhc. ghi m c nhanh v hiu qu, bn cn c nhng thit b ng: Mt my nghe CD hay my cassette kiu walkman cm tay, vi nt iu khin tc v nt pause. Mt vi my nghe c th iu khin c ln xung octave, v bn c th iu ch nh cho tc chm gp i. Tht khng may, loi ny li t hn mt cch ng k so vi loi thng thng. Mt tai nghe stereo tt (stereo headphones)

Rt nhiu nhc s, bao gm nhiu ngi khng chi piano, dng n piano khi h ghi m. t my nghe ln trn n piano v eo headphones. Chi mt vi nhp v iu chnh nt tc sao cho cao ca my nghe bng vi piano. Nghe bn nhc cn ghi. Liu n th thc no? Nu bn bit rng mnh ang lm vic vi bn nhc dng AA BA trc khi t bt vit, bn s tit kim c nhiu thi gian. Nu bn khng th nhn bit c hp m on A u tin, bn s c c hi nghe n t nht l hai ln na bn nhc m c dng AABA. H y bt u ghi t giai iu. H y nghe cu u tin. Nhn n t pause v vit tt c cc nt bn va nghe nu c th c. c c tit tu, h y p chn v ht li cu y, nt nhc no ri vo u phch. ng c lo lng nu bn khng nghe c ht cc nt. H y nghe i nghe li v thm dn nt m bn mi nghe c vo ch trng. Cui cng, bn s li ton b cu nhc. Cng ghi m nhiu bn cng c k nng v tai nghe tt hn. Tip theo bn ghi n b bass, hay t nht l nt nhc m ngi nh bass chi khi chuyn t hp m ny ti hp m khc. Bc k tip bn ghi hp m, y l bc kh nht v vy h y da vo b bass ghi c. Nu bn nghi ng khng bit hp m ny l tr ng hay th, nghe li bng trong khi chi bc 3 trng trn piano. Nu n vang ln khng ng, nghe li bng v chi bc 3 th. Nt no vang ln ng? Nu bn vn cha chc chn, h y lp li tng t nh trn khi hp m nghi ng chuyn tip sang hp m k tip. ng b sa ly vo mt hp m no . H y tip tc v s quay tr li sau vi hp m ny. Bng cch ny bn c th gii quyt c vn , v r ng bn nghe mt hp m tng t cc ln quay li sau. Ghi m li cc bn nhc l ht sc cn thit, nhng li c hai quan Im trI ngc nhau v ghi m phn solo: Vit ra phn solo. ng vit ra phn solo, nhng thay vo h y chi cng vi bng hay a.

Cch th hai l cch tt nht. Chi cng vi bng lm bn m chm su hn vo m nhc hn l vit ra giy v chi li sau ny. Bn khng ch hc c nt nhc m cn cm nhn c hi th, cu c, v ni dung cm xc ca ton b phn solo . Nu bn vn mun vit ra giy phn solo, h y vit sau khi tp n trn nhc c ca mnh.
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Nguyn Mai Kin - Trng cao ng vn ho ngh thut qun i.

Phn th ba Phng php th ba mua mt quyn sch c cc phn solo ghi sn rt c ch mt chng mc no , nhng s mt i hai phn quan trng l mi quan h gia bn v m nhc: nghe, v t mnh khm ph m nhc. Cc bn play-along Cc bn play-along bao gm phn m qua cc hp m v vng ho thanh. Nhng bn nhc ny cc k b ch nu bn khng c mt ban nhc m cho bn trong khi luyn tp. C th c ba dng sch c bn: Tuyn chn tc phm ca cc nhc s ring bit nh Wayne Shorter, Horace Silver, Miles Davis, John Coltrane, Sonny Rollins, Duke Ellington, Charlie Parker..v..v. Tuyn tp cc bi tiu chun (standard) chng hn nh Body and Soul, Stella By Starlight..v..v. Cc bn nhc m ch gii quyt mt vn h c tp c th no , chng hn nh v ng II-V-I, Vng Blues....

Mi bng hay a CD u i km mt quyn sch vit cho cc gi ng C, Bb, Eb v cc nhc c dng kho Fa. Phn rhythm cc bn play-along ca Aebersold gm nhiu nhc s gii nht th gii: Tay bass Ron Carter, Lonnie Plaxico, Rufus Reid, v Sam Jones; cc tay trng nh Billy Higgins, Ben Riley, Billy Hart, Al Foster v Louis Hayes; cc tay piano nh Kenny Barron, Ronnie Matthews, Cedar Walton, Mulgrew Miller, James Williams, Richie Beirach, v Hal Galper. Nu bn l ngi chi piano bn c th tt knh piano v chi play-along vi bass v trng. Nu bn l ngi chi bass bn c th tt knh bass v chi play-along vi piano v trng. H y c gng chi cng vi bng hay a CD hoc cc album hay. Ly mt a nhc ca Miles Davis t cui nhng nm 50 v chi cng vi Miles, Coltrane, Wynton Kelly, Paul Chambers v Philly Joe Jones. C gng ho nhp vi v bt kp tit tu cng nh mc nhit huyt nh cc nhc s trong album. Nu nhc c ca bn chnh v cao so vi CD th h y thu ra bng cassette v iu ch nh nt tc v bt u chi. Gi mt quyn s tay Lun c mt quyn s tay ghi li nhng tng cht n trong khi nghe hay luyn tp. Vit ra giy tn bn nhc bn mun hc hay nhng th m bn cn ghi nh luyn tp. Iu ny gip bn tp trung ng vo nhu cu ca mnh, v mang theo ng th t cc cht liu m bn mun ln n i luyn tp. Thoi mi, th- gin H y nhn bit bt c cng thng v c bp khng cn thit khi chi nhc. Ht th su v u n. Nu bn khng phi l ngi chi k n, h y mm ci trong khi chi s gip bn th gi n hn. Tay trng Billy Higgins lun mm ci trong khi chi liu anh ta c bit nhng g chng ta cn bit khng? p nhp Bn c p chn khi chi nhc khng? C rt nhiu sch v ni v cch p nhp hn l bn tng. Mt vi ngi p nh p bng ngn chn ci nhng tay Piano Jaki Byard th cho rng p chn bng gt chn s gip bn cm nhn tempo chc chn hn v cho ta cm gic chuyn ng ht v pha trc. Mt vi ngh s p nhp vo c bn phch, mt vi ngi li p vo phch mt v phch ba, v mt vi ngi khc li p vo phch hai v phch bn trong nhp 4/4. i khi c nhc s li chng p nhp g c. H y xem Thelonious Monk bng video Straight No Chaser ng ta p nhp bng ngn chn ci, gt chn, c bn chn v trt bn chn v pha trc v v pha sau tu thuc vo lc ng ta chi ci g. Bt c cm gic t nhin no u tt c min l n ng nh hng n cch bn chi nhc v ng qu to nh h ng n nhng ngi chi cng bn.

Nguyn Mai Kin - Trng cao ng vn ho ngh thut qun i.

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ng dng thang m trong m nhc ngu hng Trau di mi tr-ng m nhc quanh ta Cho d bn sng thnh ph ln hay th trn nh, m nhc cng c th c chi u xung quanh. Hay i nghe nhng bui biu din trc tip cng nhiu cng tt . Ch bng a th khng , bn cn phi nhn, nghe, v cm nhn cc x c cm, bu khng kh nng bng ca m nhc khi n sy ra. Tm mt ngi gii nht khu vc bn m chi cng loi nhc c nh bn v hi h xem c dy bn c khng. Nu anh ta khng mun cho bn theo cng (nhiu ngi rt min c ng khi dy) th c gng xin mt bui hc nh. Mark Levine hc c mt bui t Barry Harris m thay i hon ton cch chi nhc ca ng. Khi bn xem mt bui biu din trc tip, h y ch s giao lu gia cc ngh s vi nhau. H lin lc vi nhau nh th no? Bng nh mt? Bng li ni? Bng hnh ng khng li? H ra hiu vi nhau nh th no khi kt thc phn solo, khi no quay li giai iu, khi no kt th c.... Bn c th hc nhiu iu tng ng khi xem v khi nghe nhc. Nu mt ngi chi guitar ang cng chi vi mt ngi chi piano cng nhm tit tu (rhythm section) h c chi tt cng nhau khng? Phong cch ca h c hp nhau khng? H chi nh th no cho hp m ca tng ngi khng b cng nhau? Liu c mt ngi ngh trong khi ngi khc m khng? Nu c hai cng m th ngi ny m c t hn ngi kia khng? Thng thng ngi chi piano gi vai tr chnh, nhng khng phi lc no cng vy. Ni tm li, mi chng ta phi t tm ly cch luyn tp cho ring mnh. Mi ngi c mt cch luyn tp khc nhau, v vy h y t tin vo kh nng ca chnh mnh. Trong ch ng ta u c mt ngn c v ch i khi chng ta pht ln ng lc. Chc cc bn thnh cng!

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Nguyn Mai Kin - Trng cao ng vn ho ngh thut qun i.