Power System Stability & Control

.
E X d . E

V .
VT

E = E

V = V0

. V
:
E V0
jXT

== I

XT = X d + X E

X d :
* S = P+jQ= E I

E V0
EV sin
) E ( E V cos
=)
+ j
XT
jX T
XT

( E

. :
sin

EV
T

= Te = P

= :
Te
EV
=
) cos o (

XT

= Te

:
wr = wr wo
wr
1 ds
=
wc
wo dt

= dwr

ds
= wo dwr
dt

2 H d 2
= Tm Te K D dwr
wo dt 2

:
dwr
1
= = Pwr
) (Tm Te k D wr
dt
2H

d
= p = wo wr
dt

wr , wo ,
, P d dt t .
dwr

dt

Te :

T
EV
EV
= sin Te = e
cos o ( ) = K S

XT
XT

= Te = P

1
] [Tm K S K D wr
2H

= pwr

K S :
EV
] cos o
XT

[ = KS

d

dt

:
p = wo wr

pwr p -, :
w 1
r +

2 H Tm
0

KS
2H
0

KD
d wr

= 2 H
dt w
o

x = Ax + bu A K D , H , X T
E o . -
.

= K S
= K D
= H MW .S / MVA

= wr ( wr wo ) / wo

=
=S
= wo 2f o = elec.rad / s

1
w 1
( K S K D wr + Tm ) = o
=
( K S K D S
+ Tm )
wo
2 HS
S 2 HS

:
KD
K
w
S ( ) + S wo ( ) = 0 Tm
2H
2H
2H

S 2 ( ) +

:
KD
K w
S+ S 0 =0
2H
2H

S2 +

:
S 2 + wn S + wn2 = 0

:
w0
rad / s
2H

wn = K S

:
1 KD
2 2 Hwn

1
KD
2 K S 2 Hw0

, K S .
K D ,
wn , .
- ) , 24KV , 555MVA

( 60Hz .

 , 24KV , 2220MVA )
( .

. , 2220MVA

24KV :
VT = 1.036 V = 0.9950

Q=0.3

P=0.9

, 2220MVA

24KV :
MWS / MVA

H = 3 .5

X a = 0.3

( . ) ,( Hz
)
( .
(i ) K D = 0(ii ) K D = 10 / 0(iii ) K D = 10 / 0

K D = 10 / 0 .
= 5 , t = 0 w = 0 ,

( -
2220MVA :

VT :
0 .9 j 0 .3
1/ 0

pu

) ( P + jQ
VT

= T

= 0.9 j 0.3

:
E = VT + jX d I

VT = 136
VT = 10

)= 1 / 0 + j 0 / 3(0 / 9 j 0 / 3
pu

= 1 / 09 + j 0 / 27 = 1 / 12313 / 92

E V :
0 = 13 / 92 + 36 = 49 / 92

:
X T = 0 / 3 + 0 / 15 + 0 / 5 = 0 / 95

pu

- :
EV
cos 0
XT
1 / 123 0 / 995
cos 49 / 92
0 / 95

= 0 / 757

pu

:
w 1
r +

2 H Tm
0

KS
2H
0

0 / 108 wr 0 / 143

+
Tm
0 0

KD
wr

= 2 H

w0

0 / 143K D
=
377 / 0

:
=0

0 / 108

0 / 143K D

377 / 0

2 + 0 / 143K D + 40 / 79 = 0

:
2 + 2wn + wn2 = 0

:
wn = 40 / 79 = 6 / 387 rad / s = 1 / 0165 Hz

= 0 / 143K D /(2 6 / 387) = 0 / 0112 K D

:
1 , 2 = wn 1 2

= KS

wd = wn 1 2

K D :
KD

+j/

-/+j/

/+j/

wr

/Hz

/Hz

/Hz

-/

/Hz

/Hz

/Hz

wn

( :
( A I ) = 0

K D = 10 :
1 / 43 1 0 / 108 11

=0
2 21
377 / 0

= 0 / 714 + j 6 / 35 :
(0 / 714 + j 6 / 35)11 + 0 / 108 21 = 0
377 / 011 + (0 / 714 j 6 / 35) 21 = 0

. -
. , :
21 = 1 / 0

:
11 = 0 / 0019 + j 0 / 0168

2 = 0 / 714 j 6 / 35 :
12 = 0 / 0019 j 0 / 0168

22 = 1 / 0

:
0 / 0019 + j 0 / 0168 0 / 0019 j 0 / 0168

1/ 0
1/ 0

: 11 = 1 / 0
= 1 =

adj ( )

1/ 0
1/ 0

0 / 0019 + j 0 / 0168 0 / 0019 + j 0 / 0168

=
(0 / 0019 + j 0 / 0168 + 0 / 0019 + j 0 / 0168)

j 29 / 76 0 / 5 j 0 / 056

=
j 29 / 76 0 / 5 + j 0 / 056

:
12 12

P = 11 11
21 21 22 22
0 / 5 + j 0 / 056 0 / 5 j 0 / 056 0 / 5036 / 4 0 / 503 6 / 4
=

=
0 / 5 j 0 / 056 0 / 5 + j 0 / 056 0 / 503 6 / 4 0 / 5036 / 4

:
wr (t ) 11 12 c1e1t
t
=

(t ) 21 22 c2e 2

: t = 0 wr = 0 = 5 = 0 / 0873 ( )
c1 11 12 wr (0)
=

c2 21 22 (0)

j 29 / 76 0 / 5 j 0 / 056 0

=
j 29 / 76 0 / 5 j 0 / 056 0 / 0873
0 / 0436 j 0 / 0049

=
0 / 0436 + j 0 / 0049

:
wr (t ) = 11c1e1t + 12c2e 2 t
= (0 / 0019 + j 0 / 0168)(0 / 0436 j 0 / 0049)e( 0 / 714 + j 6 / 35) t +
(0 / 0019 j 0 / 0168)(0 / 0436 + j 0 / 0049)e( 0 / 714 j 6 / 35) t
= 0 / 0015e 0 / 714t sin(6 / 35t )

:
(t ) = 0 / 088e 0 / 714t cos(6 / 35t 0 / 112)

 / 1 / 0101
1
.
0 / 714

0 / 112( . wr
.